Dr. Angel . Alcala

Dr. Alcala is National Scientist of the Philippines and is currently a Professor Emeritus of the Silliman University. From the same institution, he finished his BS in Biology as Magna Cum Laude. He then pursued his Master of Arts in Biological Sciences and PhD in Biological Sciences at Stanford University, California, USA Dr. Alcala was conferred Doctor of Humanities (honoris causa) by the Xavier University and University of Southeastern Philippines. He served as the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources from 1992—1995 and Chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education from 1995-1999. He also served as the Executive Director of the Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development or PCAMRD.

His 30 years of experience in the field wasn’t just a long 3-decade period in his life. During his time, he had made major contributions to marine biology research efforts in the Philippines and had authored over 160 scientific papers as well as books on the subjects he was involved in. Dr. Alcala was the first Filipino scientist to have come up with several comprehensive studies concerning the Philippine reptiles and amphibians. He had also made minor contributions for mammals and aves (birds). His research done between 1954 to 1999 lead to the addition of fifty (50) new species of amphibians and reptiles.

Dr. Angel C. Alcala

National Scientist, National Academy of Science and Technology Chairman, Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Man-agement (SUAKCREM) Professor Emeritus, Silliman University

Dr. Dai-Yeun Jeong

Director, Asia Climate Change Education Center, South Korea Acting Director of Jeju Secretariat of the United Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves (UNESCO MAB). Emeritus Professor, Environmental Sociology at Jeju National University, South Korea

Dr. Dai-Yeun Jeong finished his bachelor and masters degree in Sociology from Korea University, South Korea and earned his PhD in Environmental Sociology from The University of Queensland, Australia. His professional activities since 2000 include: Professor at Jeju National University; President of Asia-Pacific Sociological Association; Teaching Professor at the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Commissioner, Presidential Commission on Sustainable Development of the Republic of Korea, and Delegate of the South Korean Government to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Dr. Jeong specializes on the field of climate change policy focusing on the maximization of its efficiency and effectiveness. In particular, he is doing research works on the formulation of carbon-free strategy and the approaches to the establishment of climate change policies for achieving sustainable development in Jeju Island. He authored 13 books including Environmental Sociology and 99 academic research papers published in domestic and international journals. He also facilitated 15 environment-related projects funded by domestic and international organizations.

Dr. Bagadion started his career as an AB Philosophy graduate from Ateneo de Manila University. Later on, he earned his PhD in Development Sociology minors in International Planning and Southeast Asian Studies from Cornell University, USA and earned another step forward with his post graduate studies and training in Negotiations and Conflict Resolutions from John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Dr. Bagadion served as the DENR undersecretary for Environment and Research from 1994-1995. He is a Professor at the Asian Institute of Management (AIM). Among his researches and published works includes ‘Bending the Wind: Lessons from Mt. Makiling, Empowering People for Natural Resources Management’, ‘Forest Policy and Politics in the Philippines: The Dynamics of Participatory Conservation’ and ‘Windward: Steering Community –driven projects for Environmental Protection, A Casebook of Asian Praxis’.

Dr. Benjamin C. Bagadion Jr.

Professor Asian Institute of Management

Dr. Perry C. Ong

Professor College of Biology, University of the Philippines-Diliman

Aside from being a professor at the University of the Philippines, Dr. Perry Ong is also an author of numerous publications concerning biodiversity conservation. Dr. Ong specializes on the field of biology on selected flora and fauna of the country such as the Philippine eagle, flying foxes, tarsiers, Philippine ducks, rafflesias and others. He finished his bachelors and masters degree in Zoology from the University of the Philippines Los Ban os and earned his PhD in Behavioral Ecology and Evolutionary Biology from the Monash University, Australia. Dr. Ong won the Hugh Greenwood Environmental Science Award which is given in recognition of outstanding scientific and technological research works that contribute to environmental protection and conservation. He was cited for his significant contributions in Philippine biodiversity conservation, particularly in the implementation of the Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priority-Setting program, which identifies a total of 206 integrated priority conservation areas and five strategic actions to help ensure the conservation of Philippine biodiversity. His internationally recognized publications have led to a better understanding of the diversity of Philippine wildlife and drawn the active participation of the academe, private sector, and the NGOs towards the improved management and conservation of Philippine protected areas.

3RD Palawan Research Symposium 2016 (National Research Conference on Sustainable Development)

Theme: “Towards Innovative Environmental Research for Sustainability and Climate Resiliency” Citystate Asturias Hotel, Tiniguiban, Puerto Princesa City

15 September 2016

PROGRAM

TIME ACTIVITY REMARKS

7:30 Registration Lead Secretariat: HTU

8:20

8:30

Opening of Scientific Poster Exhibits Ribbon cutting Opening Ceremonies

Invocation National Anthem

Welcome Message

Inspirational Messages

Introduction of the Keynote Speaker

Keynote Speech

Awarding of Certificate of Appreciation and

Token

Signing of the Memorandum of

Cooperation of the Palawan Knowledge

Platform (PKP) by additional member-

agencies.

Photo-ops

University Presidents (HTU, PSU, WPU)

Keynote & Plenary Speakers, Guests, Officials

Emcee: Prof. Elsa Carmen N. Montaño

Exec. Dir. Nelson P. Devanadera,

Executive Director, PCSDS Hon. Lucilo R. Bayron, City Mayor Hon. Jose Ch. Alvarez, Provincial Governor

and PCSD Chairman Dr. Benjamin J. Gonzales, VPRDE, WPU

Dr. Angel C. Alcala, National Scientist Professor Emeritus, Silliman University

Former Secretary, DENR

Member, PCSD Scientific Advisory Panel

By Dir. Nelson Devanadera, Dr. Lorna C. Gelito,

Dr. Elsa P. Manarpaac & Sister Mercedes R.

Lalisan, O.P., Ph.D.

New Members:

Palawan Polytechnic College, Inc. (President

Aileen A. Alterado)

Phil.Statistics Authority-Palawan (Ms. Ma.

Lalaine M. Rodriguez)

National Commission on Indigenous

Peoples –Palawan (Engr. Roldan V.

Parangue)

Department of Education- Puerto Princesa

City Division (Dr. Elsie T. Barrios)

Puerto Princesa City Water District (Mr.

Antonio Jesus R. Romasanta)

9:45 Snacks

10:00

Plenary Talk 1: “A Desirable Approach to

the Establishment of Climate Change

Policy”

(To be introduced by

Engr. Madrono Cabrestante, PCSDS)

Dr. Dai-Yeun Jeong Executive Director

Asia Climate Change Education Centre(ACCEC)

Jeju Island World Natural Heritage

Republic of Korea



15 September 2016

TIME ACTIVITY REMARKS

15 September 2016 (THURSDAY)

10:30

Plenary Talk 2: “Investing in the Unseen”


Director Josephine Matulac, PCSDS)

Dr. Benjamin C. Bagadion Jr. Professor, Asian Institute of Management

Asian Institute of Management Former Undersecretary, DENR


11:00

Open Forum

11:20

Part 2. Concurrent Sessions

Session 1

Theme: Studies on Ecology, Ecosystem,

Natural Capital and Climate Change

Session 2

Theme: Studies on Socio-Cultural,

Institutions, and Governance

Session 3

Theme: Studies on Economics, Energy,

Technology, and Infrastructure

Facilitated by Western Philippines University

Facilitator: Darius Carl Junio

Asst.Facilitator: Dr. Ma. Asela Sebido

Documenter: Prof. Marivic Venturillo

Facilitated by Holy Trinity University

Facilitator: Prof. Jomar Besorio

Asst. Facilitator: Prof. Geraldine Failon

Documenter: Mr. John Michael Suycano

Facilitated by Palawan State University Facilitators: Engr. Melchor Jaramilla and

Dr. Rebecca Batuigas

Documenters: Office for Extension Services

12:20 Lunch

1:15 – 3:45 Continuation of Concurrent Sessions

4:00

Plenary Talk 3: “Wildlife Forensics (DNA

Barcoding) as a Tool in Conserving

Palawan’s Biodiversity: The Case of

Confiscated ‘Dressed’ Pangolins”


Dr. Patrick Regoniel, PSU)

Dr. Perry Ong Professor 11 and Former Director, Institute of

Biological Sciences

University of the Philippines-Diliman


4:20 Open Forum

4:30 Synthesis of Concurrent Sessions Policy implications of studies presented; to be

given by Session Facilitators or Documenters

4:50 Awarding/Recognition >Best Session Papers: Student, Professional

>Best Posters: Professional

5:10 Closing Remarks



15 September 2016

Concurrent Sessions: Oral Presentations

TIME

Pre-

sentor

CONCURRENT SESSIONS

Session 1: WPU

(Ecology, Ecosystem, Natural

Capital, Climate Change)

Session 2: HTU

(Socio-Cultural, Institutions,

Governance)

Session 3: PSU

(Economics, Energy,

Technology,

Infrastructure)

11:20

AM

Introduction by Session Facilitator

11:26 –

11:40 1 Protocol Development in

Hatchery Propagation of Tiger

Grouper Epinephelus

fuscoguttatus for Live Reef

Fish Trade in Palawan

A Phenomenological Study of

Lived Experiences of Teachers

Living in A Meager Income

Feasibility of

Establishment of Payment

to Ecosystem Services of

Selected Rivers in Mount

Mantalingahan Protected

Landscape In Southern

Palawan, Philippines

11:41-

11:55 2 Developing a Tissue Culture

Protocol for Gracilaria firma

Mass Propagation in Support

of Abalone Aquaculture

The Customary Laws and

Traditions of the Tagbanwa

Calamian: Sanctions for

Violation of Non-Settlement

Archaeological Tourism in

Palawan: Prospects and

Challenges

11:56-

12:10 3 Site fidelity and movement

patterns of the critically

endangered, endemic Palawan

Forest Turtle Siebenrockiella

leytensis (Taylor, 1920):

Implications for conservation

Cuyonon Delicacies: Their

Descriptions, Preservation

And Promotion For

Sustainable Livelihood Of The

Residents

Mining Seafood Wastes for

Valuable Materials

12:11 Question & Answer

12:21 LUNCH BREAK

PM

1:16 –

1:30

4 Population Genetic Structure of

Sea Cucumbers Holothuria

scabra and Stichopus horrens

in the Philippines Inferred from

Mitochondrial Sequences and

Microsatellite Genotypes

Medicinal Practices and

Remedies of Batak Tribe at

Sitio Manggapin, Barangay

Langogan, Puerto Princesa

City, Palawan: Material Used

in Teaching Health in the K to

12 MAPEH Curriculum

Fabrication and Evaluation

of Horizontal Axis Wind

Turbine (Hawt) Using

Localized Materials for

Marginal Wind Speed

Areas

1:31-

1:45 5 Commercially-Harvested Giant

Jellyfish (Lobonemoides

robustus,) with Notes on its

Symbionts in Palawan,

Philippines

Phytochemical Screening and

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

of Selected Indigenous

Medicinal Plants from Sitio

Tagnaya, Puerto Princesa City

A Study on the Need for

Lighting and the Existing

Practices in the Rural

Communities to Aid in the

Development and

Deployment of a

Sustainable Off-Grid

Lighting Solution

1:46 –

2:00 6 Antibacterial Property of

Microbial Symbionts Isolated

from Donkey's Ear Abalone

Haliotis asinina

Phytochemical Screening of

Two Amorphophallus species

(Elephant Yam) as utilized by

the Indigenous People in


Voltaic Pile Evaluation

Using Recycled Materials




15 September 2016

2:11-

2:25 7 Status of Exposed Coral Reef

and Threatened Mollusk

Associates in Pag-asa Island,

Kalayaan Island Group,

Philippines

The Potential of Carica

papaya Leaves and Coffea

arabica Grounds as Organic

Coil Repellent

Development of a

Sandwich Type Flat Plate

and Thermosiphon Solar

Heat Energy Collector

Applicable for Water

Heating and as Heat

Source in Anaerobic

Digestion

2:26 –

2:40 8 Rapid Biodiversity Assessment

in Iwahig Prison and Penal

Farm (IPPF), Palawan,

Philippines

Ethno-Food Study, Protein

Analysis and Propagation of

Endemic Lumabeng Beans of

Agutaya Island, Palawan,

Philippines

Evaluation of Energy

Contraption Design Using

Playground Seesaw for

Lighting Load

Applications

2:41 –

2:55 9 Balabac Mouse-Deer Research

and Conservation in Balabac

Island, Palawan

Agglutination of ABO Blood

Group Using Different Plant

Leaf Crude Extracts

Simulation and

Development of Solar-

Heated and Portable

Biogas Digester that is

Made of Fiberglass-

Reinforced Plastic (FRP)

for Small-Scale Piggery

Application


3:06 –

3:20 10 Biology and Ecology of

Palawan Leopard CATS

(Prionailurus bengalensis

heaneyi Groves, 1997) in

Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines

Characterization of Beta-

Carotene and Economic

Potential of Palawan’s Brown,

Black, and Red Tanner Oryza

sativa Flour

Introducing Abalone

Farming in Taytay,

Palawan: A Learning

Experience

3:21 –

3:35 11 Guarding, Guiding & Ground-

Truthing Palawan Old Growth

Forest

Protein Analysis on Palawan’s

Mangrove Woodworm Borer

Tamilok (Teridinidae) and Its

Efficacy as Food Additive

The Sea Cucumber Fishery

in Palawan, Philippines:

Challenges and

Opportunities

3:36-

3:50 12 Phytoremediation Potential of

Jatropha curcas L., Acacia

mangium Willd, Casuarina

equisetifolia (L.) J. R. & G.

Forest Seedlings Inoculated

with Vesicular-Arbuscular-

Mycorrhizal Fungi (VAM) in

the Nickel-Mined Soil in


Enhancing the Potential of

Underutilized Palawan Root

crop Tubers and Its

Implication to Food Security

Developing Potentials for a

Sustainable Sea Cucumber

Industry in Northern

Palawan


ORAL PRESENTATIONS Title and Author Page

THEME 1. ECOLOGICAL

Professional Category

Protocol Development in Hatchery Propagation of Tiger Grouper Epinephelusfuscoguttatus for Live Reef Fish trade in Palawan Hoevennars, Kyra, Jonah van Beijnen, Al Gonzales, Elmer Villanueva, Roger G. Dolorosa and Lota A. Creencia

1

Developing a Tissue Culture Protocol for Gracilaria firma Mass Propagation in Support of Abalone Aquaculture Avillanosa, Arlene L., J Hilario, Jaysee A. Matillano, and Lota A. Creencia

2

Site Fidelity and Movement Patterns of the Critically Endangered, Endemic Palawan Forest Turtle Siebenrockiellaleytensis (Taylor, 1920): Implications for Conservation Jose, Edgar D., Roger G. Dolorosa and Sabine Schoppe

3

Population Genetic Structure of Sea Cucumbers Holothuriascabra and Stichopushorrens in the Philippines Inferred from Mitochondrial Sequences and Microsatellite Genotypes Kim, Kenneth M., Marco Apollo D. Lizano, Faith Jessica M. Paran and Rachel Ravago-Gotanco

4

Commercially-Harvested Giant Jellyfish (Lobonemoidesrobustus) with Notes on its Symbionts in Palawan, Philippines Pagliawan, Honorio B., Ephrime B. Metillo, Joel G. Becira, Lota A. Creencia, Arlene L. Avillanosa, and SusumoOhtsuka

5

Antibacterial Property of Microbial Symbionts Isolated from Donkey's Ear Abalone Haliotisasinina Madarcos , John Roderick V. and Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar

6

Status of Exposed Coral Reef and Threatened Mollusk Associates in Pag-asa Island, Kalayaan Island Group, Philippines Gonzalez, Jeric B.

7

Rapid Biodiversity Assessment in Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF),Palawan, Philippines Nierves, Mary Chris P., Peter Widmann and Indira D.L. Widmann

8

Balabac Mouse-deer research and Conservation in Balabac Island, Palawan Antonio, Rene Abdulhammed, JoshuaelNuñez, Indira DayangWidmann and Peter Widmann

9

Biology and Ecology of Palawan Leopard Cats (Prionailurusbengalensisheaneyi Groves, 1997) in Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines Fernandez, DesamarieAntonette P.,Carah Lyn C.Lo, Anna Pauline O. de Guia, Vachel Gay. V.Paller, Maria Catalina T. de Luna,Judeline C.Dimalibot,, and Nathaniel C.Bantayan,

10

Guarding, Guiding & Ground-Truthing Palawan Old Growth Chan, Robert A. and Loreto L. Cagatulla

11

Phytoremediation Potential of Jatrophacurcas L., Acacia mangiumWilld, Casuarinaequisetifolia(L.) J. R. & G. Forest Seedlings Inoculated with Vesicular-Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi (VAM) in the Nickel-Mined Soil in Palawan, Philippines Quilang , Reynald M.

12

Title and Author Page

THEME 2. SOCIO-CULTURAL, INTSTITUTIONS AND GOVERNANCE

Professional Category A Phenomenological Study of Lived Experiences of Teachers Living in A Meager Income Pinzon, Ali G. Jr.

13

The Customary Laws and Tradition of the Tagbanwa Calamian: Sanctions for Violation of Non-Settlement Agusti, Josefina Rodriguez, Conrad Balbutan, Dr. Jun G. Cayron, Donald A. Delos Reyes and EddielitoSumangil

14

Cuyonon Delicacies: Their Descriptions, Preservation And Promotion For Sustainable Livelihood Of The Residents Elena S. Sadang

15

Medicinal Practices and Remedies of Batak Tribe at SitioManggapin, Barangay Langogan, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan: Material used in Teaching Health in the K to 12 MAPEH Curriculum Aludia , Phoebejean C. H., David R. Perez, and Josephine M.Salmo

16

Phytochemical Screening and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of Selected Indigenous Medicinal Plants from SitioTagnaya, Puerto Princesa City Arceo, IB, Carmen, MFL, A.B. Magpantay, RCL Morris, and L.M. Camangeg

17

Phytochemical Screening of Two Amorphophallus Species (Elephant Yam) as Utilized by the Indigenous People in Palawan, Philippines MagayJosephine M. S.

18

The Potential of Carica Papaya Leaves and Coffeaarabica Grounds as Organic Coil Repellent Ballaran, Avelino, JT., A,J.E. Bermudez, F.H.D.Malinao, L.A. Ubalubao, L.M. Camangeg,

19

Ethno-Food Study, Protein Analysis and Propagation of Endemic Lumabeng Beans of Agutaya Island, Palawan, Philippines Ronald S. Brillantes

20

Agglutination of ABO Blood Group Using Different Plant Leaf Crude Extracts Omar, Jhonamie M., Edziel P. Hubo, Dan Clark S. Bacani, Julius N. Burgos and Ciara Dicar

21

Student Category

Characterization of Beta-Carotene and Economic Potential of Palawan’s Brown, Black, and Red Tanner Oryza sativa Flour Lagrosa, Thyra, Angela Sumandi, and John Paul Abog

22

Protein Analysis on Palawan’s Mangrove Woodworm Borer Tamilok (Teridinidae) and Its Efficacy as Food Additive Gagabo-an, KM, X.L. Ong, and S.Zulueta

23

Enhancing the Potential of Underutilized Palawan Root Crop Tubers and Its Implication to Food Security Favila, M.A., P.E. Ferido, and J.M. Rapio,

24

Title and Author Page

THEME III. ECONOMICS, ENERGY, INFRASTRACTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

Professional Category

Feasibility of Establishment of Payment to Ecosystem Services of Selected Rivers in Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape in Southern Palawan, Philippines Javier, Jonson M. and Allaine T. Baaco

25

Archaeological Tourism in Palawan: Prospects and Challenges Jun G. Cayron

26

Mining Seafood Wastes for Valuable Materials Ponce, Concepcion P. and Erlinda J. Goh

27

Fabrication And Evaluation Of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Using Localized Materials For Marginal Wind Speed Areas Banlawe,Ivane Ann P.,Rexie H. Aborot, Ian G. Ambay

28

A Study on the Need for Lighting and the Existing Practices in the Rrural Communities to aid in the Development and Deployment of a Sustainable Off-grid Lighting Solution Goh, Erlinda J.

29

Voltaic Pile Evaluation Using Recycled Materials Bautista, Michael Franz P. and Ivane Ann P. Banlawe

30

Development of a Sandwich Type Flat Plate and Thermosiphon Solar Heat Energy Collector Applicable for Water Heating and as Heat Source in Anaerobic Digestion Cuen, Irven B. and Analiza P. Rollon

31

Evaluation of Energy Contraption Design Using Playground Seesaw for Lighting Load Applications Banlawe, Ivane Ann P. andNoliJotham Ezekiel L. Acosta Jr.

32

Simulation and Development of Solar-Heated and Portable Biogas Digester that is Made of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) for Small-Scale Piggery Application Cuen, Irven B. and Analiza P. Rollon

33

Introducing Abalone Farming in Taytay, Palawan: A Learning Experience San Juan, RG, JM Matillano, MM Manlavi, GM Austria and LA Creencia

34

The Sea Cucumber Fishery in Palawan, Philippines: Challenges and Opportunities Jontila , Jean Beth S., Harold M. Monteclaro, Gerald F. Quinitio, Sheila Mae Santander-de Leon and Jon P. Altamirano 35

Developing Potentials for a Sustainable Sea Cucumber Industry in Northern Palawan Meñez ,Marie AntonetteJuinio, Elsie T.Tech, Jay R C. Gorospe, Ma. Cheryl Joy Emboltorio Christine Mae A. Edullante, Rachel R. Gotanco

36

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

Title and Author

Page

ECOLOGICAL - Coastal and Marine Component

Diversity of Anurans in the Newly Declared Lower Ilian-Ilian– Masaya 1 – Maharlika Protected Watershed Area in Barangay Dumarao, Roxas, Palawan, Philippines Abrina, Vanessa Mae F.

37

Nesting Incidence and Hatching Success of Green Turtle Chelonia mydas and Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary (UIGRBS), Bataraza, Palawan, Philippines Amil, Intan A., Lyca Sandrea G. Castro &Rene Abdulhamed S. Antonio

38

Notes on the Fish Community Structure of the Northern and Western Reefs in Palawan Arceo, H.O, D.B. Recamara, &C.L. Nañola

39

Status of the Gracious Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla in Pag-Asa Island, Kalayaan, Palawan Balisco, Rodulf Anthony T.

40

Status of Palawan Reef Fishes Balisco, Rodulf Anthony T., Roger G. Dolorosa, &Benjamin J. Gonzales

41

The Fringing Mangroves of Napsan, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, Philippines Benliro, Ianthe Marie P., Ciara Patricia Dicar &Julius N. Burgos

42

The Mangroves of Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines Benliro, Ianthe Marie P., Lota A. Creencia &Lester Y. Lubrico

43

Assemblage of Coastal Fishes in Restored Mangrove Forest, Seagrass Bed and Coral Reef Continuum in Tagpait, Aborlan, Palawan Bernardo Jr., Alejandro A. & Patrick A. Regoniel

44

Fertilization and Larval Survival Rates of the Echinoid Tripneustis gratilla and Diadea setosum Exposed to Different Levels of Oil Based Toxicants Bream, Jesus E. & Roger G. Dolorosa

45

Population Structure of Cuora amboinensis (Daudin 1802) in Man-Made Wetland in Maruyogon, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines Cabasal, Renier Jushua, Joie Dicar Matillano, & Arthur John Malinao

46

Building Knowledge and Tools to Capture the Value of Ecosystem Services Capturing Coral Reef and Related EcosystemServices (CCRES) Project Correspondence: Noreen Marie G. Follosco, Philippines Country Coordinator, CCRES

47

Status Monitoring of Palawan's Coral Reefs Castillo, Carlos Alfredo A.

48

Page | 37

Diversity, Forest Structure and Conservation Status of Mangroves in the Municipality of Aborlan, Palawan Castro, Lyca Sandrea G. & Lester Y. Lubrico

49

Notes on Some Aspects of the Biology of Spanner crab Ranina (Linnaeus, 1758) in Araceli, Palawan, Philippines Dagaraga, Reymart & Roger G. Dolorosa

50

Sea Cucumber Fisheries in Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Narra, Palawan, Philippines Dolorosa, Roger G., Claribel B. Salazar, Mary Tootchie V. Delfin, Joseph R. Paduga & Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco

51

Growth and Survival Of Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus fingerlings at Different Stocking Densities Fed with Commercial Diet Gonzales, Al, Kyra Hoevenaars, Jonah van Beijnen, Elmer Villanueva, Lota A. Creencia & Roger G. Dolorosa

52

Species Composition, Length-Weight Relationship and Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) of Fishes in Puerto Princesa Bay, Palawan, Philippines Gonzales, Jeric B.

53

Species Composition and Community Structure of Seagrass in Sitio Cabuyao, Barangay Napsan, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines Gonzales, Jeric, Edzel Hubo, Dan Clark S. Bacani, Honorio B. Pagliawan & Joel G. Becira

54

Enumeration of Actinomycetes from Mangrove Forest of Three Major Adjoining Bays in Puerto Princesa City, Philippines Hara, Jenevieve P., Jeanette A. Jardin, Joven L. Delgado and Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar

55

Hatchery Rearing of Siganus guttatus Larvae at Two Stocking Densities Hoevenaars, Kyra, Al Gonzales, Jonah van Beijnen, Elmer Villanueva, Lota Creencia & Roger Dolorosa

56

Growth and Survival Of Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Fingerlings Fed with Two Commercial Diets Hoevenaars, Kyra, Al Gonzales, Jonah van Beijnen, Elmer Villanueva, Lota Creencia & Roger Dolorosa

57

Nursery Rearing of Golden Spotted Rabbitfish Siganus guttatus Fed with Two Commercial Diets Hoevenaars, Kyra, Elmer G. Villanueva, Roger G. Dolorosa &Lota A. Creencia

58

Species Inventory of Bivalves and Gastropods in WPU-Binduyan Marine Research Station, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Hombre, Shemarie E. & Roger G. Dolorosa

59

Preliminary Checklist of Gastropods and Bivalves in Kalayaan Island Group, Western Philippines Hombre, Shemarie, Jeric Gonzales, Darna M. Baguinbin,Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco & Roger G. Dolorosa

60

Page | 38

The Sea Cucumber Fishery in Palawan, Philippines: Challenges and Opportunities Jontila, Jean Beth S., Harold M. Monteclaro, Gerald F. Quinitio, Sheila Mae Santander-de Leon & Jon P. Altamirano

61

Sightings of Endangered and Vulnerable Scleractinia in the Calamian Islands Luzon, Katrina S., Ara Kim M. Acosta, Ardea M. Licuanan & Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

62

Culture Performance of Abalone Haliotis asinina Fed with Gracilaria and Ulvafish Madarcos, JRV , RG San Juan, JM Matillano, MM Manlavi, GM Austria & LA Creencia

63

Viscera-Associated Microbial Load of Haliotis asinina Collected from the Natural Population Matillano, Jaysee & Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar

64

Abundance and Species Composition of Seagrass in the Municipality of Araceli, Palawan Miguel, J., R. Climaco, D. Tolentino, &J. Matillano

65

Status Update: Coastal Resource Monitoring of Reef Fish Assessment in Palawan Oquendo, Catherine T.

66

Operating the Abalone Hatchery of the Western Philippines University: Challenges and Lessons San Juan, RG , GM Austria & LA Creencia

67

Introducing Abalone Farming in Taytay, Palawan: A Learning Experience San Juan, RG, JM Matillano, MM Manlavi, GM Austria & LA Creencia

68

State of Seagrass Resources in Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines Sariego, Ria S. & Bernaldo S. Montaño

69

The Shelf Reefs of the Western Palawan Shelf Siringan, F., MA Juinio-Menez, G Jacinto, H Arceo, C Villanoy, &P Cabaitan

70

Characterization and Reproductive Seasonality of a Gracilaria Species in Quezon, Palawan, Philippines

Rey, Lanie Jane A. & Ria S. Sariego

71

Fishing Gears and Their Catch in the West Coast of Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Vigonte, Angelie Claire M. & Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco

72

Biodiversity and Its Physico-Chemical Controls in the Tubbataha Atolls Villanoy, Cesar, Hazel Arceo, Fernando Siringan, Maria Lourdes San Diego McGlone, Kevin Yatco, &Danielle Manalaysay,

73

Taxonomy and Conservation of the Minnow Genus Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from Northern Palawan, Philippines Matillano, Joie D.

74

Page | 39

Declining/Loss of Mangrove Forest in the Municipality of El Nido, Palawan, Philippines: A Systems Dynamics Perspective Pontillas, J. F. A, G. Cadigal, J. Bream, B. Adriano, Jr., M. Palatino, R. Maximo, and C. Smith, R. Richards

75

ECOLOGICAL - Terrestrial Component

Species Inventory of Flora and Fauna in a Residential Area in Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines Benliro, Ianthe Marie P.

76

Camera Trap Survey Provides Photographic Evidence of the Wild Palawan Pangolin (Manis culionensis) Marler, Paris N.

77

The Profile of Umalad Watershed in Roxas, Palawan Mojica, Frank Joe

78

Conservation of Philippine Cockatoo Cacatua haematuropygia and its Habitat in Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF), Palawan, Philippines Nierves, Mary Chris P., Peter Widmann & Indira D.L. Widmann

79

Status and Conservation of the Calamian Deer Axis calamianensis – First Results from a Long-Term Effort Nuñez, Joshuael , Peter Widmann, & Indira D. L. Widmann

80

Rapid Biodiversity Assessment in Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF), Palawan, Philippines Nierves, Mary Chris P., Peter Widmann and Indira D.L. Widmann

81

Rapid Biodiversity Assessment in Barangay Mendoza, Roxas, Palawan Shoppe, Sabine

82

One Year After the Palawan Forest Turtle (Siebenrockiella leytensis) Rescue Shoppe, Sabine, Diverlie Acosta, Dexter Alvarado,Roseline Mesicampo & Ronelito Esuma

83

Conservation Status of the Palawan Pangolin Manis culionensis Schoppe, Sabine & Dexter Alvarado

84

Behavior of the Palawan Forest Turtle Siebenrockiella leytensis in Captivity at Katala Institute for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation (KIEBC), Barangay Antipuluan, Narra, Palawan, Philippines Venturillo, Teresita Ana A., Lyca Sandrea G. Castro, &Sabine Schoppe

85

The Maquinit Hot Spring,Coron, Busuanga Island, Palawan: Its Biodiversity and the Wonders of its Microbes Against Important Pathogens Zulaybar, Teofila O. & Irene A. Papa

86

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Antimicrobial Properties of Actinobacteria Isolated from Soil in Coron, Palawan Zulaybar, Teofila O. , IreneA.Papa & Ara Katlyn M. Baguno

87

SOCIAL

Strategic Naval Presence in Balabac, Palawan (Civil Military Operations Component) Absalon, Emmanuel C.

88

Encouraging Natural Resource Conservation through the Human Affect: The Case of Icadambanauan Island, Palawan, Philippines De Guzman, Arnica L., Zenaida M. Sumalde, Carmelita M. Rebancos,& Girlie Nora A. Abrigo

89

Livelihood Practices of the Agutaynens: Its Implications to Education Ferrer, Flornita N.

90

Pre-Retirement Activities of Selected Local Government Units in Palawan: Basis for a Proposed LGU Pre-Retirement Program Gabileo, Edison C.

91

CRM Capabilities of Local Government Units Within Palawan, Philippines: An Assessment in Municipalities of Balabac, Roxas, and El Nido Hansen, Jonathan G. , Andrew M. Song, Benjamin J. Gonzales and Joel G. Becira

92

ECONOMICS

Perceptions of Tourists and Tour Operators in the Puerto Princesa Area: Environmental Awareness and Willingness to Pay a Resource Conservation Fee Nadeau, Patrick S., Sarah J. Saunders & Benjamin J. Gonzales

93

Water Quality Snapshots: Rapid and Low-Cost Method for Monitoring Water Transparency in Coastal and Inland Waters Ona, Ronald Edilberto A.

94

Generating Benefits from Ecotourism in Palawan Biosphere Reserve: Lessons from Six Ecotourism Sites Pontillas, Marissa S. , Eva Marie C. Ponce de Leon& Ryan T. Fuentes

95

Contingent Valuation of Kemdeng Watershed Tabangay, Mark Anthony, Reziel Camacho, Stella Gimotea, Leo Jay Manmano & Mark Espiel

96

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Diversity of Anurans in the Newly Declared Lower Ilian-Ilian– Masaya 1 – Maharlika Protected Watershed Area in Barangay Dumarao, Roxas, Palawan, Philippines

Abrina,Vanessa Mae F.

Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Office, Roxas, Palawan

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to identify the species of anurans in a small lowland forest stream which is part of protected watershed area in Barangay Dumarao, Roxas, Palawan. It further aimed to describe the species encountered in terms of size, weight and microhabitats of species. Furthermore, the relative abundance of the species was computed and compared among sampling events. The stream habitat was assessed in terms of physico-chemical parameters, canopy cover, location of anuran sightings and anthropogenic activities. The samplings were conducted monthly for three consecutive nights, every last week of July to September 2014. A 1,000m stretch of the streamwas assessed and subdivided into three sampling stations. Two methods were employed in this study: visual encounter survey and pitfall traps. A total of eight species of anurans, under four families, representing 33% of the anuran fauna of Palawan were identified. Limnonectesacanthi under family Ranidae was the most abundant species present. The endangered Megophrysligayaewas only recorded in one station and the vulnerable Barbourulabusuangensiswas only present in the waterfall area of the stream. They were the least abundant species along the stream. The low abundance is however expected to be related to their concealed habits. Among the three key conservation species (L. acanthi, M. ligayae, B. busuangensis) encountered, it is believed that B. busuangensis is the most sensitive and best used as indicator species for a healthy stream ecosystem. Its abundance should be monitored since there is a plan to use the stream as source for water supply. Keywords: Anurans, Species Composition, Anthropogenic, Microhabitat, Visual Encounter Survey

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Nesting Incidence and Hatching Success of Green turtle Chelonia mydas and Hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary

(UIGRBS), Bataraza, Palawan, Philippines

Amil, Intan A. 1, Lyca Sandrea G. Castro1 and Rene Abdulhamed S. Antonio3

1College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences–Western Philippines University 3Katala Foundation Incorporated

ABSTRACT

The critically endangered Hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata and endangered Green turtle Chelonia mydas are frequently observed nesting in Ursula Island. Hence, this study aimed to describe their nesting habitats; determine the turtle’s size, number of nests laid and eggs per clutch; assess their hatching success; and identify threats. Five-day samplings took place on May, July and September 2011. Habitat and older nests were surveyed at daytime and patrolling around the 19.5 hectares of sandy beach was done from 8:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. to monitor the crawling nesters. Hatching success was determined after 60-65 days incubation period. Threats observed by the researcher and data from key informants were noted.A total of 108 nests were observed in the beach forest (56 nests), shoreline vegetation (35 nests) and open beach (17 nests). Of these, 65 nests belonged to C. mydas while 43 nests belonged to E. imbricata. The nesting C. mydas has a mean size of 108.5 cm (CCL) while E. imbricata has 84.8 cm (CCL). Out of 15 nests laid during the sampling period, the clutch size of C. mydas and E. imbricata varied from 71-120 (n=8, mean=80.5 eggs) and 60-120 eggs (n=7, mean=82.7 eggs) and their mean hatching success was 80.7% (n=3 nests) and 90% (n=3 nests), respectively. Threats to hatching success observed include predation by monitor lizard and poaching by the transient fishermen. A permanent ranger on-duty and hatchery facility within the natural habitat could be deployed to reduce predation. Keywords: marine turtles, threatened, nesting incidence, beach forest, hatching success

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Notes on the Fish Community Structure of the Northern and Western Reefs in Palawan

Arceo, Hazel O.1, D.B. Recamara1 and C.L. Nañola2

1The Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City

2University of the Philippines - Mindanao, Davao City

ABSTRACT

Palawan, known to be the Philippines’ last biodiversity frontier, is host to a wide array of both terrestrial and marine biodiversity that has been generally retained despite growing pressures from anthropogenic activities. Its coral reefs still face threats from destructive fishing, overexploitation, pollution and reclamation despite various conservation and management efforts. This study aims to assess the status of adult fishes in the reefs along the western and northern coasts of Palawan. Using standard underwater fish visual techniques, reef fish density, biomass and species richness were obtained from 52 transects in 23 stations spread across at least 8 sites (Busuanga, Coron, Taytay, off Ulugan, Quezon, Rizal, Bataraza and Balabac). Majority of the stations were located in offshore reefs or shoals along the West Palawan Shelf, which has largely remained unstudied. A total of 314 species of adult and 77 species of juvenile reef fishes were observed in all transects. Species richness of adult reef fishes was highest in Coron (198 species) while a decreasing trend was observed in sites along the West Palawan Shelf being highest in Balabac. Mean species richness in all sites was generally moderate to very high, ranging from 25.8 to 53 species per 500 m2. Mean adult density was high (i.e., 1134-3796 individuals/500m2) in Taytay, moderate (i.e., 339-1,133 individuals/500m2) in Busuanga and Quezon, and low (i.e., 101-338 individuals/500m2) in the rest of the sites. Meanwhile, mean adult fish biomass was generally moderate (i.e., 11-20 metric tons/km2), except in Bataraza and Quezon which had low biomass estimates (i.e., <10 metric tons/km2). Although Quezon had relatively high fish density, the low fish biomass in the area could be attributed to low densities of target fishes. The sites along the West Palawan Shelf generally had high species richness but low to moderate density and biomass of reef fishes, which could indicate signs of overfishing despite being far from coastal communities. Coral reef fisheries is a major source of livelihood in many areas. Understanding the state and pressures that reef fishes face is thus essential in improving fisheries management efforts that will protect this resource and sustain the communities that highly depend on them.

Keywords: reef fish, community structure, marine biodiversity, Palawan

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Status of the Gracious Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla In Pag-asa Island, Kalayaan, Palawan

Balisco, Rodulf Anthony T.

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Western Philippines University – Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The Gracious sea urchin Tripneustesgratillais one of the most heavily exploited sea urchins in the Philippines. However, knowledge about its status in Palawan especially in Pag-asa Island, Kalayaan is wanting. The study was conducted to determine the size structure, population density and test diameter-weight relationship of T. gratillain Pag-asa Island, Kalayaan. Transect surveys at the intertidal area of the island revealed an average density of 3,500 ind.ha-1. The test diameter ranged between 2.6 and 8.8 cm, live weight ranged between 8 to 248 g. Other than T. gratilla, four other echinoid species were recorded but in very less number. While it appears that T. gratillais under exploited in Pag-asa Island, policies affecting its sustainable utilization are suggested. Keywords: Pag-asa Island, Kalayaan, Palawan; population density; sea urchins; size structure; Tripneustes gratilla

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Status of Palawan Reef Fishes

Balisco, Rodulf Anthony T., Roger G. Dolorosa, and Benjamin J. Gonzales

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippines University – Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

Coral reef are one of the important ecosystems that supply an estimated 20-25% of the country’s total fisheries production. However, rampant exploitation coupled with destructive fishing methods has reduced the production of reef fishes over the years. This paper presents the abundance and biomass of reef fishes in 11 surveyed sites in Palawan, Philippines surveyed between 2008 and 2015. Fish abundance and biomass ranged between 143 – 9,724 ind. 1000 m-2 and 1.92 – 227.90 MT km-2, respectively. Offshore reefs have “very high” density and biomass compared to reefs near in mainland Palawan. Efforts to effectively revive the depleted reefs and maintain the status of well-managed reefs is essential in sustaining dynamic fishery industry and livelihood in Palawan. Keywords: abundance, coral reef, fish biomass, Palawan, reef fishes

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The Fringing Mangroves of Napsan, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, Philippines

Benliro,Ianthe Marie P., Ciara Patricia Dicar and Julius N. Burgos


ABSTRACT

Coastal resource management involves protection not only of coral reefs but also of the adjacent ecosystems such as seagrass beds and mangrove forest. Baseline data are necessary for sustainable utilization and management. This study aimed to determine the species composition and community structure of mangroves, and document some threats to the mangroves in Napsan, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan. Transect-plot assessment method was used. There were nine mangrove species including one palm (Nypa fruticans). The trees were overwhelmingly dominated by Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, followed far behind by Rhizophora apiculata and Aegiceras floridum. Land conversion threatens the survival of the mangroves. There is an immediate need to arrest expansion of agriculture and settlement towards the mangrove area and educate the locals of the greater ecological services it can provide in the long run.

Keywords: mangroves, coastal resource management, Napsan, Puerto Princesa

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The Mangroves of Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines

Benliro,Ianthe Marie P., Lota A. Creencia and Lester Y. Lubrico


ABSTRACT

With the alarming decline in coastal resources, there is already a need to establish protected areas which necessitates inventory of the remaining resources including mangroves. This study was conducted to determine the mangrove species and community structure along the east coast of Aborlan, Palawan using the transect-plot method. A total of 25 species was recorded in the sampling sites. The three species with highest total basal area were Sonneratia alba (232.98 m2/ha), Rhizophora apiculata (66.85 m2/ha) and Rhizophora mucronata (63.40 m2/ha). Density was highest among R. apiculata (881.82 trees/ha), Ceriops tagal (562.63 trees/ha) and R. mucronata (480.81 trees/ha). The Rhizophora species R. apiculata, R. mucronata and R. stylosa were most frequently (100%) encountered in the area. Overall, the importance value was highest in S. alba (58.01), R. apiculata (51.03) and R. mucronata (37.58). There were few areas with old growths of mangroves but majority have signs of anthropogenic threats which necessitate management intervention to ensure continuous fisheries productivity. Keywords: mangroves,coastal resource management, Aborlan, Palawan

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Assemblage of Coastal Fishes in Restored Mangrove Forest, Seagrass Bed and Coral

Reef Continuum in Tagpait, Aborlan, Palawan

Bernardo,Alejandro A. Jr.1 and Patrick A. Regoniel2

1College of Arts and Sciences, Western Philippines University

2Research Director, Palawan State University

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to understand the assemblage of coastal fishes in restored mangrove forest, seagrass and coral reef continuum. Fish communities from connected habitats were investigated using standard visual fish survey in Tagpait, Aborlan, Palawan from March to June 2016. A total of 837 fishes belonging to 73 species of 24 families were recorded in the study area. Coral reef has the highest species richness, abundance, diversity and evenness as compared to seagrass and restored mangrove forest. Although the biotopes have different fish assemblages, similarity indices revealed certain degree of similarity among habitats because of the presence of multiple habitat species in more than one biotope. The importance of pristine mangrove forest and seagrass bed that are connected to the coral reef was also realized, because more than half (55%) of the total fish species recorded in the area were multiple habitat users with adult stage in the coral reef. Some of these reef species use mangrove and/or seagrass as nursery for juveniles while others use it as extended habitat for adult that undergo normal diel movements. This brings to light the need to maintain the connectivity in this multi-habitat continuum. It was also recognized that the restored mangrove forest and seagrass bed support specific and multiple habitat species many of which are commercially important fishes. Considering the roles in improving fish diversity and stock recovery of commercial food fishes, it is recommended that these habitats be included in the management of marine protected areas and fish sanctuaries. Keywords: fish community, mangrove, seagrass, reef

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Fertilization and Larval Survival Rates of The Echinoid

Tripneustis Gratilla and Diadea Setosum Exposed to Different Levels of Oil Based Toxicant

Bream,Jesus E.1 and Roger Dolorosa 2

1 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development 2 Western Philippines University

ABSTRACT

A bioassay experiment was conducted on the early life stages of Tripneustis gratilla

and Diadema setosum to examine the effects of oil based toxic substances on fertilization

rates and 2-arm larval survival rates of both species. The eggs and larvae were exposed to

different concentrations of toxicant and were later analyzed for fertilization success and larval

survival. The results of the study indicated that the fertilization is more sensitive to the

toxicant than the larval stage of both the urchin species. The effective concentration (EC50)

was higher for the larval survival bioassay than the fertilization bioassay in both species. This

study recommends that successfully fertilized eggs and larvae that survived the exposure to

the toxicant to be studied further. This recommendation would answer the question if the

fertilized eggs will develop into healthy larvae and that larvae that survived will develop into

sexually mature adults that would be capable of successful reproduction.

Keywords: fertilization, bioassay, toxicant, urchin

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Population Structure of Cuoraamboinensis (Daudin 1802) in Man-Made Wetland in Maruyogon, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines

Cabasal,Renier Jushua 1, Joie Dicar Matillano2, and Arthur John Malinao3

1BS Aquatic Biology, Western Philippines University Puerto Princesa Campus

2College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University 3Faith Adventist Academy, Taytay, Palawan

ABSTRACT

A study of population structure of Couraamboinensisin man-made wetland was conducted in Barangay Maruyogon, Puerto Princesa City from January 4-February 8, August 23-31 and December 21-24, 2015. The main objective of this study is to assess the population structure and density of C. amboinensisin this habitat. The sampling of turtle was conducted through Visual Encounter Survey (VES) and by using funnel traps baited with fish and chicken. For each specimen captured, the median carapace length (MeCL), maximum carapace length (MaCL), carapace width (CW), median plastron length (MePL), maximum plastron length (MaPL), plastron width (PW), body height (BH) and body weight (BW) were taken. Notching of the marginal scutes was used to mark the individuals captured and to identify newly captured or recaptured turtles. Eighty six (86) individual were captured during this study. The smallest turtle caught has a MaCl of 43.78mm while the biggest individual is 165mm in MaCL. The results showed that C. amboinensispopulation on the study area is represented by three hatchling, thirty three (33) Juvenile, thirty two (32) sub-adults and eighteen (18) adults. This age ratio distribution is similar to what has been recorded in areas where there are no exploitation of turtle populations. Lastly, the population density of C. amboinensisin the study area is comparatively higher than populations in non-man-made habitats, implying the importance and the effectiveness of man-made wetlands for the conservation of this globally threatened turtle species.

Keywords: population structure, turtle, Coura amboinensis, density, distribution

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Building Knowledge and Tools to Capture the Value of Ecosystem Services

Capturing Coral Reef and Related Ecosystem Services (CCRES) Project* *Correspondence: Noreen Marie G. Follosco, Philippines Country Coordinator, CCRES Project

ABSTRACT

The Capturing Coral Reef and Related Ecosystem Services (CCRES) Project is a World Bank-Global Environment Facility-funded technical assistance project that aims to explicitly demonstrate the often overlooked link between ecosystem health and socioeconomic well-being. It is developing tools and building knowledge that can assist stakeholders in making management decisions that realize the benefits derived from ecosystem services while protecting the coral reef habitats that provide these. In applying spatial considerations and systems-based thinking, among other approaches, the Project hopes to produce outputs that canpotentiallyhelp in evaluating tradeoffs among different planning objectives such as tourism, fisheries and biodiversity conservation.In the Philippines, the CCRES Project is working in El Nido, Palawan as a pilot site, collaborating with local partners such as the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development, the Palawan State University, and the El Nido local government. Keywords: ecosystem services, coral reefs, CCRES Project, El Nido, Palawan

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Status Monitoring of Palawan’s Coral Reefs

Castillo, Carlos Alfredo A.

ECAN Zones Management – Coastal/Marine

Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

ABSTRACT

Coral reefs are a vital component of the coastal community. The reefs serve as habitats and feeding grounds for a wide range of marine organisms such as fish, crustaceans, cephalopods, and algae. The organisms present in the reefs are considered as resources so it can be said that coral reefs contribute greatly to the generation of fishery products. The reefs also reduce the strength of incoming waves, preventing erosion and damage to areas along the coast.The continuous degradation of the coral reefs is a major concern. Degradation may occur naturally, such as when there are strong storms, droughts, and increases in temperature, but are also due to irresponsible marine resource extraction practices such as cyanide fishing, muroami, and blast fishing. This reduces the amount of natural resources that an area produces, creating problems for those who depend on marine resources. Due to the problems that degradation causes, continuously monitoring the condition of coral reefs is vital in formulating coastal resource management plans which aim to resolve these issues. Keywords: coral reefs, status, monitoring, coastal resource management

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Diversity, Forest Structure and Conservation Status of Mangroves in the Municipality of Aborlan, Palawan

Castro,Lyca Sandrea G. and Lester Y. Lubrico


ABSTRACT

Mangrove forest in the Eastern Coast of the municipality of Aborlan, Palawan is an adjacent ecosystem to the proposed Seven Line Marine Protected Area. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the mangrove species and its forest structure along the sampling sites using the transect-plot method and measuring the girth at breast height (GBH) of each mangrove tree per species. A total of 23 mangrove species had been observed in the sampling sites. The site with highest species diversity is Tigman (15 species) while stand basal area in Marikit (103.17 m2/ha) and Malunao 1 (96.92 m2/ha) had been the highest due to some old growth trees present. Sonneratia alba (138.95 m2/ha) and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (102.55 m2/ha) trees had the highest total basal area. The most dense species were Rhizophora apiculata (1,437 trees/ha) and Ceriops tagal (1,151 trees/ha) which were mixed old growth trees and newly recruits. The two Rhizophora species, R. apiculata and R. mucronata, were encountered in all the plots. Hence, the species with the highest computed importance value in the area were R. apiculata (57.89), followed by S. alba (44.55), C. tagal (36.21), B. gymnorrhiza (35.87), and R. mucronata (35.76). The other species with lower importance value doesn’t mean that they are not important. These species might have been given less attention for mangrove reforestation and conservation, facing more anthropogenic impacts, and/or having lower recruitment mechanisms due to its biology and habitat suitability. It is therefore recommended to consider species diversity in management efforts for mangrove protection and conservation. Keywords: mangroves, species diversity, forest structure, impacts, conservation

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Notes on Some Aspects of the Biology of Spanner Crab Ranina ranina (Linnaeus, 1758)

in Araceli, Palawan, Philippines

Reymart S. Dagaraga1 and Roger G. Dolorosa2

1Meliomar, Inc. Philippines

2College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,Western Philippines University Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The Spanner crab Ranina ranina “curacha” fishery in Palawan is relatively new with limited supplies only coming from the Municipality of Araceli, northern Palawan. However, its fishery may eventually collapse in the absence of legal framework on sustainable harvesting. As potential basis for policy recommendation, this study looked into the characteristics of samples traded from Araceli to Puerto Princesa City, Palawan. Preliminary data gathered for three months from 213 specimens revealed that sizes were in favor of males but sex ratio was for females. About 1.5% percent of harvested females were berried. Relationships between carapace lengths (including the rostrum) and weights were best expressed as y = 0.000205 x3.1327 for males and y = 10.671 x - 698.951 for females. Continued monitoring is suggested to fully understand the biology of R. ranina and its importance as fishery resource in Araceli, Palawan. Keywords: Araceli, biology, Palawan, Spanner crab

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Sea Cucumber Fisheries in Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Narra, Palawan,

Philippines

Dolorosa,Roger G., Claribel B. Salazar, Mary Tootchie V. Delfin, Joseph R. Paduga and Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco


Western Philippines University-- Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

Sea cucumber gathering in Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary (RIWS) is an important source of livelihood among the coastal inhabitants of the Municipality of Narra, Palawan, Philippines. These species, however, are becoming overly exploited in most of its distribution range. Thus there is a need to determine the status of this fishery resource within the island to serve as basis for management interventions. Samples for species inventory were obtained from the collectors/gleaners, while abundance was determined through transect surveys at intertidal and shallow subtidal areas. Fishery dependent data were obtained through personal interview (with guide questionnaire) from 23 sea cucumber gatherers. Of 24 species identified, three species (i.e. Actinopyga echinites, Holothuria scabra and Stichopus herrmanni) are listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Only 8 species were encountered at the intertidal and shallow subtidal reefs, and only 20 species were identified by the respondents. The current number of species in RIWS represents about 68.57% of the 35 reported number of commercially exploited sea cucumber species in Palawan. The survey for abundance and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) in five stations within RIWS revealed an average density of 52.95 ind.ha-1. With an average CPUE of 1.79 kg.person-1 h-1 and 5 h average fishing time, the fisherman could at least collect 8.95 kg per operation. The projected monthly earnings (PhP1,600.00) from sea cucumber gathering is much lower than what is claimed (PhP3,937.50 and PhP5,571.00) by the respondents whose fishing activities covered a much wider area and depth. The volume and sizes of sea cucumbers has been declining over the years as claimed by the respondents, with the current dried sizes of their catch much smaller than the size limits imposed in other countries. Other than sea cucumber harvesting and processing, each respondent has to engage in another kind of work to enhance their monthly earnings. The promotion of sustainable sea cucumber fishery in RIWS is vital among these gatherers who have low educational background and less employment opportunities. At least a local policy is needed to regulate the sizes of harvested sea cucumbers from RIWS to revive the lost populations. Keywords: Palawan, Philippines, Sea cucumbers, Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary

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Growth and Survival of Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatusFingerlings

at Different Stocking Densities Fed with Commercial Diet

Gonzales,Al 1, Kyra Hoevenaars1, Jonah van Beijnen1, Elmer Villanueva2

Lota Creencia2 and Roger Dolorosa2

1Center for Sustainability-Puerto Princesa City

2College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippines University-Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The growth and survival oftiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(42 days after hatching) was carried out under controlled conditionsat three different stocking densities (with five replications), gradually reduced each week for a period of three weeks. The three stocking densities during the first week (T1: 6, T2: 12, T3: 18 indL-1) were reduced to 4, 8, 12indL-1 during the second week and 2, 4, 6 ind L-1 on the third week respectively. Commercial feed was given ad libitumfor few minutes every hour during the day. Sampling was conducted daily by randomly taking 10 fish samples from each replicate to record the total length. The fish were returned immediately in their respective compartments after sampling. Cannibals were removed from the experiment. Daily measurements were compared using analysis of variance.From an initial average (±sd) total length (TL) range of 2.65 (±0.34) cm to 2.98 (±0.40) cm, the final average TL (±sd) at the end of the first, second and third weeks ranged between 3.64 (±0.44) cm and 4.03 (±0.54) cm; 5.22 (±0.42) cm and 5.38 (±0.37) cm; and 6.92 (±0.34) cm and 6.94 (±0.30)cm respectively. The initial and final data at first week were significantly different (P<0.05) except for the initial and final TL for week 2 and week 3 (P>0.05).The survival rates were high, ranging between 99 and 100%.The results suggest that hatchery produced E. fuscoguttatus fingerlingscould be raised in higher stocking densities in plastic basins without affecting their growth and survival. Other higher stocking densities maybe tested to optimize the use of space especially in small scale hatcheries. Keywords: hatchery-produced, growth, Palawan, E. fuscoguttatus, survival

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Species Composition, Length-Weight Relationship and Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE)

of Fishes in Puerto Princesa Bay, Palawan, Philippines

Gonzalez,Jeric B.

MS Marine Biology College of fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Western Philippines University-Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

Fishing activities not only have a direct impact on target species and by-catch, but also on the whole marine ecosystem. Human activities threatened productivity, diversity and survival of coastal resources leading to a growing need to understand and manage coastal zone. Fishing activity affects population structure, habitats, biodiversity and productivity especially when using inappropriate fishing gears, either passive or active gears. At present, no study had been conducted on the species composition, relative abundance, CPUE and length-weight relationship of the most common caught by handline in Puerto Princesa Bay as confirmed by the paucity of published literature. Hence this study was realized. About 16 species were identified in this study. Scolopsistaenoptera was the most common species occurred in the sandy to muddy substrate in the bay. This species have an isometric growth (b=3). A high positive correlation on the length and weight of S. taenoptera was observed. The catch per unit effort varies daily, depending on the condition of the weather. It is recommended to conduct the same study on the other part of the bay using different fishing gears to collect more species to do the fish species inventory in the bay. It is also recommended a year round sample collection to have a accurate data for the length-weight relationship of S. taenoptera. On the other hand gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and fecundity of this species in Puerto Princesa Bay should be conducted to determine their reproductive biology on the area. Keyword: Species composition, Relative Abundance, CPUE, LWR, Puerto Princesa Bay

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Species Composition and Community Structure of Seagrass in Sitio Cabuyao,

Barangay Napsan, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines

Gonzales,Jeric 1, Edzel Hubo2, Dan Clark S. Bacani2,Honorio B. Pagliawan3 and Joel G. Becira3

1MS Marine Biology Student, College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Western Philippines University 2BS Aquatic Biology Student, College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,

Western Philippines University 3Faculty, College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Western Philippines University

ABSTRACT

Seagrasses are one of the major components of our coastal ecosystem. Its role to the environment is countless, thus protecting, conserving and preserving the remaining seagrass species are vital. However, before this can be taken, its status should be considered, thus survey.The survey of seagrass in Sitio Cabuyao, Barangay Napsan, Puerto Princesa City was conducted in August 2015 using line transect-quadrat method. Percent cover was determined and shoots of each species were counted.A total of six species under two families were identified in the area. About 58.25% of the seagrass bed were covered by seagrasses. It was dominantly covered by Thallasia hemprichii with 28.24% followed by Cymodecea rotundata (27.19%). T. hemprichii had 668 shoots per m2 followed by C. rotundata with average shoots of 546.58 per m2. Keywords: seagrass species, seagrass community structure, seagrass of Puerto Princesa City, percent of seagrass cover

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Enumeration of Actinomycetes from Mangrove Forest of the

Three Major Adjoining Bays in Puerto Princesa City, Philippines

Hara,Jenevieve P., Jeanette A. Jardin, Joven L. Delgado and Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University

Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The mangrove ecosystem represents a largely unexplored source that offers a promising natural resource of new microorganisms with potential to produce biologically active secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes, a large group of aerobic and Gram-positive bacteria are among the microorganisms of special interest, since they are known for the capacity to produce interesting chemically diverse compounds which are active against pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to determine the abundance of culturable actinomycetes from mangrove forest of the three major adjoining bays in Puerto Princesa City namely Turtle Bay, Puerto Bay and Honda Bay. Enumeration was done using Dextrose-Nitrate Agar supplemented with nystatin with wet heat pre-treatment for maximum isolation. A total of 450 actinomycete colonies had been successfully enumerated from all nine (9) sampling stations. It was observed that the highest number of colonies was found at mangrove sediments with high concentration of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. On the other hand, sandy substrate yielded low actinomycete counts. It was observed that the appearance of most colonies were opaque, circular in form, with convex elevation and entire marginal structure. Results of this study revealed that the presence of relatively large number of enumerated colonies suggests that mangrove forest of the three major adjoining bays in Puerto Princesa City is a potentially rich source of actinomycetes. Thus, further studies particularly on characterization and anti-microbial activity of actinomycete isolates are hereby recommended. Keywords: Actinomycetes, microorganisms, isolation, distribution, mangrove sediments

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Hatchery Rearing of Siganus guttatusLarvae at Two Stocking Densities

Hoevenaars,Kyra 1, Al Gonzales1, Jonah van Beijnen1, Elmer Villanueva2, Lota Creencia2 and Roger Dolorosa2



ABSTRACT

The survival rates of golden spotted rabbit fish Siganus guttatus larvae (from 1 day after hatching) at two different stocking densities (T1: 3; and T2: 5; larvae L-1, respectively) in six 5000-L capacity concrete tanks were determined for 39 days. Depending on age, the fry received rotifers, brine shrimps, and fish pellets as food. Continuous flow of UV-treated seawater at 2 - 4 Lh-1 was employed. The initial numbers of newly hatched larvae were determined using volumetric method while actual counting of fry after 39 days was undertaken. Survival rates ranged between 6.00 and 7.85% but were not significantly different. The results suggest that S. guttatus larvae could be raised in higher stocking densities in concrete tanks without affecting their survival. Other stocking higher densities maybe tested to optimize hatchery production. Keywords: hatchery rearing, Palawan, Siganus guttatus, stocking densities, survival.

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Growth and Survival of Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Fingerlings Fed with Two Commercial Diets

Hoevenaars,Kyra1, Al Gonzales1, Jonah van Beijnen1,

Elmer Villanueva2, Lota Creencia2 and Roger Dolorosa2



ABSTRACT

The growth and survival of 70 daysold hatchery-produced tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus fingerlings was carried out under laboratory conditions for three weeks. Two treatments (T1: fed with brand A; T2 – fed with brand B) with nine replications were carried out in 18 25-L capacity plastic basins at the same stocking densities. The densities were reduced each week for a period of three weeks. From an initial stocking density (1st week) of 4 ind.L-1, the densities were reduced to 3 ind.L-1 and 2 ind.L-1 during the 2nd and 3rd weeks respectively. The feeds were given ad libitum for few minutes every hour during the day. Ten fish samples were taken from each replicate to record the total length. Dead fish were removed daily. A 24-h flow-through water exchange was employed. Data on total lengths were compared using t-test. The average of initial and final total length were not significantly different(p>0.05) during 1st and 2nd week respectively, but in the 3rd week of rearing, the average total length in T1 were significantly higher than in T2 (p<0.05). Survival ranged between 91.67 and 99.78%. The results suggest that both brands of feed could be used at sizes 6.69 (±0.65) cm to 7.47 (±0.66) cm, but for bigger sizes, the use of brand A is suggested. Keywords: hatchery-produced, growth, Palawan, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, survival

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Nursery Rearing of Golden Spotted Rabbit Fish Siganus guttatus Fed with Two Commercial Diets

Hoevenaars,Kyra1, Elmer G. Villanueva2, Roger G. Dolorosa2andLota A. Creencia2

1Centre for Sustainability,PuertoPrincesa City


ABSTRACT

The effects of two types of commercial feeds (Treatment 1: grouper feed; Treatment 2: milkfish feed) on the growth and survival of 47 day-old hatchery produced golden rabbitfish(Siganusguttatus)werecarried out in 10 plastic basins (25 L capacity) for three weeks. From an initial stocking density of 12individuals L-1 in week 1, the densities were reduced to 8individuals L-1 and 4 individual L-1 during the 2nd and 3rd weeks, respectively. The feeds were given ad libitumevery hour (3-5 minutes) during the day for a period of 21 days. Ten fish samples were randomly taken from each replicate to record the total length (TL). The fish were returned immediately in their respective compartments after doing measurements. Weekly TL increments were compared using t-test. In three weeks of nursery rearing, the average (±)TL increments (week 1: 0.746 (±0.083); week 2: 0.696 (±0.134); week 3: 0.776 (±0.157)) in T1 were significantly higher (week 1: 0.454 (±0.042); week 2: 0.388(±0.067); week 3: 0.414 (±0.025)) than in T2 (p<0.05). Survival rateswere very high (week 1: 99.87 and100%; week 2: 99.5 and 99.9%; week 3: 96.2 and 98.63%). The results suggest that commercial pelletsfor groupers could be used as effective feeds in nursery rearing of siganid fry. Continued study up to marketable size is needed to verify the economic viability of both feeds. Keywords: hatchery-produced, growth, nursery, Palawan, Siganusguttatus, survival, total length

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Species Inventory of Bivalves and Gastropods in WPU-Binduyan Marine Research Station,Puerto Princesa City, Palawan

Hombre,Shemarie E. and Roger G. Dolorosa

WPU Museum, WPU-PPC, Puerto Princesa City

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippine University-Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The rich molluscan fauna of the Philippines is continually threatened with overharvesting and habitat degradation. In this study, we documented the species richness of bivalves and gastropods in a reef (proposed marine sanctuary) adjacent to the Western Philippines University - Binduyan Marine Research Station, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan between September and November 2014 to serve as initial data prior to its closure from any fishing activities. A total of 72 species belonging to 26 families were recorded. The list includes four Philippine threatened species composed of three giant clam species and the reef gastropod Tectusniloticus. A follow up species inventory is suggested once the area has been closed from fishing. Keywords: BMRS. Palawan, bivalves, gastropods, Philippines

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Preliminary Checklist of Gastropods and Bivalves in Kalayaan Island Group, Western Philippines

Hombre,Shemarie E.1, Jeric Gonzales2, Darna M. Baguinbin1,

Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco2 and Roger G. Dolorosa1, 2

1WPU Museum, WPU-PPC, Puerto Princesa City

2College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippine University-Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

The Kalayaan Island Group (KIG) in the West Philippine Sea is a threatened rich fishing ground endowed with diverse flora and fauna. However, studies about gastropods and bivalves in KIG are lacking. This preliminary listing of shelled mollusks of KIG is based on collections between 2013 and 2014. Seventy eight species of common gastropod bivalves spread over 28 families were documented. The list includes some threatened species of giant clams and large reef gastropods. Extensive sampling especially in deep areas is expected to enrich the current list. Species inventory of other taxa is also suggested to understand the biological diversity in this wide eco-region. Keywords: Kalayaan Island Group, West Philippine Sea, bivalves, gastropods, Palawan

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The Sea Cucumber Fishery in Palawan, Philippines: Challenges and Opportunities

Jontila,Jean Beth S.1, 2, Harold M. Monteclaro1, Gerald F. Quinitio1, Sheila Mae Santander-de Leon1 and Jon P. Altamirano3

1College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences,

University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miag-ao, Iloilo 2College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,

Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa City 3Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center,

Tigbauan, Iloilo

ABSTRACT

Sea cucumbers are among the heavily exploited marine resources in Palawan, Philippines. Apparently, there are no efforts that regulate its massive collection, and such has prompted the conduct of this study. Generally, this study aims to provide information and propose measures on managing the sea cucumber fishery in Palawan. Specifically, it determined and compared the sea cucumber population in terms of diversity and densities between exploited and unexploited sites. Information on catch composition and Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) were also determined in exploited sites. Results showed that sea cucumber densities were very low in areas where harvesting is unregulated. In exploited sites, total mean densities range from 48 ind. ha -1 to 64 ind. ind. ha -1 only while in unexploited area, densities were up to 595 ind. ha -1. Similarly, diversity and species richness is lower in exploited sites (2.63, 11) compared to the unexploited (4.88, 16). The average CPUE is 21 pcs. person -1 hr -1 and fishers/gatherers get around PhP 1,500.00 mo. -1 from sea cucumbers. However, the resource’s wild population is at risk of being depleted as evidenced by low density estimates in exploited sites. Thus, management measures must be taken immediately so as not to exhaust the sea cucumber’s wild population, and sustain the economic benefit from its fishery. Keywords: Sea cucumber, density, fishery and CPUE

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Sightings of Endangered and Vulnerable Scleractiniain the Calamian Islands

Luzon,Katrina S. 1, Ara Kim M. Acosta1, Ardea M. Licuanan1, Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan1, 2

1Shields Ocean Research Center (SHORE), De La Salle University, Manila

2Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue Malate, Manila 1004, Philippines

ABSTRACT

The fact remains that human activities and natural disasters continue to threaten our corals and the reefs they buildand, yet our country is way behind in implementing effective management strategies that will protect such a valuable natural resource. This gap is partly brought about by our lack of knowledge of the current state of our corals and the lack of information on where endangered and vulnerable corals can be found. Chance encounters with endangered and vulnerable species of Scleractinia in northern Palawan prompted a more comprehensive search in our 22 survey stations in the Calamian. Sweep dives were made and photographs were taken of each coral starting from the deepest up to the shallowest end of the reef. The photographs were taken back to the laboratory for species-level identification. Endangered species were found in 8 of the 22 stations, while the vulnerable species were found in 11 stations. Three out of the 23 corals listed as endangered were recorded and these include: Anacropora spinosa, Lobophyllia serratus, and Pectinia maxima. The first two species have been previously recorded for the Calamianes Islands in earlier assessments, while this is the first record ofL. serratus, in the Calamian.A. spinosaand P. maxima were found to inhabit sandy and patchy coral reef communities of islands that face channels with high currents. L. serratus, on the other hand, prefers coves that face the monsoon. The occurrence of the endangered species in the Calamianes is considered a hotspot and we recommend conservation efforts to be focused in this region. Keywords: scleractinia, IUCN Red List, endangered species, vulnerable species, marine conservation

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Culture Performance of Abalone Haliotis asinina Fed with Gracilaria and Ulva

Madarcos,John Roderick V., Riza G. San Juan, Jaysee M. Matillano, Michael M. Manlavi, Gerell M. Austria and LotaA. Creencia

Binduyan Marine Research Station

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippines University- Puerto Princesa City

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the effects of the combination of macroalgalfood and substrate on the growth and survival of abalone Haliotis asininain cage culture.The abalone was reared in cubical cages covered with polyethylene green screen hung in a floating structure.A total of 300 hatchery-produced juveniles with initial shell length of 17.22±2.38mm and weight of 1.02±0.51g were used in the experiment with six treatments. Thetreatments varied in food (UlvaandGracilaria) and substrate (bamboo slats and plastic wavy plates) combinations. After 90days of culture, abalone growth in terms of shell length increment ranged from 7.69±0.75mm to 16.13±0.26mm and weight gain ranged from 1.73±0.09g to 5.08±0.12g, respectively.The abalone cultured with bamboo slat substrate and Gracilaria+Ulvafoodand plastic wavy plate substrate and Gracilaria+Ulvafood obtained significantly high shell length increment and weight gain.However, the survival rate for all treatments were not significantly different. Results of this study indicate that the combination GracilariaandUlva food is favorable to abalone growth in culture. Keywords: abalone, cage, culture, Gracilaria, Ulva

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Viscera-Associated Microbial Load of Haliotis asinina Collected from the Natural Population

Matillano,Jaysee and Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

Culture-dependent evaluation of the viscera-associated microorganisms in abalone Haliotis asinina collected from the wild was carried out. The Gram negative bacteria, Gram positive bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were enumerated using selective microbial culture media. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the number of the four microbial groups in abalone’s visceral parts. Post hoc test showed that the Gram positive bacteria and fungi were greater in number than the Gram negative bacteria and actinomycetes. On average, there are 72, 000 microorganisms belonging to the four groups are present in each abalone individual. Keywords: microbial load, abalone, Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, Fungi, Actinomycetes

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Abundance and Species Composition of Seagrass in the Municipality of Araceli, Palawan

Miguel,J., R. Climaco, D. Tolentino, M. Matillano

World Wildlfe Fund – Philippines

ABSTRACT

The seagrass community in the eastern and northeastern coast of Bgy. Poblacion in Araceli, Palawan was assessed using the modified transect/quadrat method in three different stations last This study was conducted to determine the current status of seagrass meadows in the Municipality of Araceli, Palawan, specifically in terms of taxonomic composition of seagrass in the area and the diversity index and similarity of seagrass communities in the different area sampled. A total of nine seagrass species were identified in the three stations that were assessed. Station 3 registered the highest number of taxa, followed by Station 1 and Station 2 with eight, six, and five species respectively. In terms of shoot density, Station 1 registered the highest mean shoot density for all species with 1,720/m2 while station 2 registered the lowest with 1,110.59/m2. However statistical analysis showed no significant difference exist between sampling stations. In terms of diversity index, the highest was recorded in Station 2 followed by Station 3 and the lowest was in Station 1 with computed H’ value of 1.63, 1.43 and 1.12 respectively. In addition station 2 and 3 registered the similarity value of 44.44 % in terms of species composition. Keywords: abundance, sea grass, status, diversity, composition

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Status Update: Coastal Resource Monitoring of Reef Fish Assessment in Palawan

Oquendo,Catherine T.

ECAN Zone Management Division – Coastal/Marine Unit Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

ABSTRACT

Reef fishes are part of a complex ecosystem on which everything is interconnected. Their presence provides major benefits in maintaining the health and survival of coral reefs and other marine organisms. The abundance and concentration of reef fishes on an area are associated with the presence and availability of food. Their physiology, feeding strategies and adaptive mechanism allow them to survive on a changing environment. The water which comes from the coral triangle region brings food and nutrients to the waters of Palawan, this result in a vastmultispecies concentration of coral reef and reef fishes in the province. However, due to unregulated fishing practices, overfishing and unsustainable management of the coastal/marine areas, this leads to the depletion and loss of fish stock in the marine environment. An annual coastal resource monitoring was done by the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development to check the status and condition of different coastal/marine habitats of each municipalitywithinthe province of Palawan. Results from the coastal resource monitoring served as basis in a proper and regulated management of coastal/marine areas.

Keywords: reef fishes, coastal resource, assessment, abundance

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Operating the Abalone Hatchery of the Western Philippines University: Challenges and Lessons

San Juan,Riza G., Gerell M. Austria and Lota A. Creencia


College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippines University- Puerto Princesa City

ABSTRACT

Operating the abalone hatchery of the Western Philippines University (WPU) was initially faced with various challenges. Production output was low due to different problems on machineries, equipment and hatchery set-up. However, improvements were initiated and gradually implemented in 2015. Back-up machineries such as submersible pumps, good-conditioned generator set and revision of the aeration systems were the major changes implemented in the hatchery. The aeration system was reconstructed from mid-surface to bottom aeration. Insufficient growth of natural food in the previous aeration system influenced the settlement and survival of larvae. Significant improvement on the percentage of diatom complex cover was observed upon the use of bottom aeration, growth of crustose coralline algae (CCA) was noticed to appear in much shorter period. Mortalities of early juveniles were prevented and duration time for the settlement tank preparation was also reduced. As a result, better settlement of larvae and survival of abalone juveniles were observed.Settlement and survival rates have significantly improved in tanks with good presence of CCA and high percentage of diatom complex cover on the substrates, good water column aeration and regular diatom dressings.Survival rates of juveniles have improved from 0.0068% in 2014, 0.046% in 2015 and 0.177% and 5.34% in the first and second quarters of 2016, respectively. The significant improvement in the juvenile survival was attributed to the good presence of cue and food in the settlement substrates coupled with bottom aeration and regular diatom dressings in tanks. The tanks with CCA and 100% of diatom complex cover gave the highest settlement rate of 11.43% and juvenile survival of 5.43%. The lowest survival of 0.21% was observed in tank with 18% diatom complex cover and the absence of CCA. As experienced by WPU, the composite functionality and efficiency of the machineries coupled with the technical knowledge of the personnel handling the operations determine the success of the abalone production in the hatchery.

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Keywords: abalone, crustose coralline algae, hatchery, diatom, settlement

Introducing Abalone Farming in Taytay, Palawan: A Learning Experience

San Juan,RG,JM Matillano, MM Manlavi, Gerell M. Austria and Lota A. Creencia


College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Western Philippines UniversityPuerto Princesa City

ABSTRACT

Three groups of fisherfolks in Taytay, Palawan were provided with various batches of hatchery-produced abalone juveniles of 1.5-2.0cm shell length (SL) and 1.3-1.6gweight.The juveniles were stocked in cylindrical cages provided with substrate and cover at a density of 100-200 individuals per cage. In Cotoy, Bgy. Tumbod, the abalone culture was managed by a People’s Organization (PO), in Binaluan, Bgy. Liminangcong it was family-based (FB), and in Bgy. Pamantolon it was through an individual fisherfolk (IF). Growth and survival of abalone stocks grown by PO in Cotoy were good for the first eight months. Average daily weight gain ranged from 0.022 to 0.059g and average daily SL increment ranged from0.028 to 0.057mm. However, growth started to be erratic towards the colder months of November to January when locally available seaweeds become scarce in the area. The average survival rate had dropped drastically from 71.53% in October to 22.53% in December, 2015. The abalone managed by FB in Binaluan had average daily weight gain range and average survival of 0.005-0.05g and 22.85%,respectively. In Pamantolon, the growth and survival rate of abalone managed by IF were better than the two other areas. The average daily weight gain ranged from 0.049 to 0.086 g, average daily SL increment was 0.12 mm ,and average survival rate was 49.40%. These experiences suggest that abalone farming is feasible in these areas. The varying results during the introduction of abalone farming in these areas might had been largely influenced by the attitude of people handling the grow-out culture. The abalone culture handled by a PO was the most challenging in terms of its preparedness, mind-set, priorities and dedication. The FB managed system was observed to have less commitment and dedication to man the abalone cages. On the other hand, the IF managed system was the most efficient in terms of dedication, commitment, management capabilities and resourcefulness. In general, the social and management aspects are major considerations in introducing abalone farming and the success of the venture.

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Keywords: abalone farming, cage, family-based, grow-out, people’s organization

State of Seagrass Resources in Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines

Sariego,Ria S. and Bernaldo S. Montaño

Western Philippines University College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The seagrass species diversity, distribution and condition were evaluated in the coastal resource management area of Aborlan, Palawan. The samples were taken from 6 sampling stations using the transect-quadrat method in April 2015 and May 2016. Eight seagrass species were identified. They are: E. acoroides, S, isoetifolium, T. hemprichii, H. ovalis, H. pinifolia, H. uninervis, C. rotundata and C. serrulata. Spatial and temporal variation was observed in the abundance and dominance of these seagrass species during the two sampling periods; however, H. pinifolia and T. hemprichii remain the dominant and widely distributed species. The dominance of seagrass species in the area is determined by the type of substrate and degree of exposure during low tide. In shallow areas with sandy-muddy substrate, the narrow leaf Halodule species dominates, while Thalassia, Cymodocea and Syringodium dominate in deeper areas with coarse sand and coral rocky substrate. Highest seagrass density was recorded in H. pinifolia (1,114.40 shoots/m2). Generally, the condition of seagrasses in the different sampling stations improved, but the overall condition of seagrass in Aborlan remains “fair”. Keywords: seagrass diversity, Palawan

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The Shelf Reefs of the Western Palawan Shelf

Siringan,F., MA Juinio-Menez, G Jacinto, H Arceo, C Villanoy, &P Cabaitan

Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines

Diliman, Quezon City

ABSTRACT

Palawan is one of the two places in the Philippines with a broad shelf, the other being Bicol. But unlike the Bicol shelf, offshore reefs abound in the Palawan shelf. Along the west Palawan shelf, the reefs are scattered from the shelf edge to the inner shelf. These reefs are part of the West Philippine Sea Marine Biogeographic region which are critical in maintaining biophysical connectivities that maintain biodiversity, ecological goods and services of global interest. A research cruise on board the M/V DA-BFAR was conducted last 22 April – 5 May, 2015. The objective was to do an assessment of the habitat conditions and diversity of the shelf reefs of western Palawan as well as initial characterization of the physico-chemical environment and its influences on the reef distribution and condition. Reef configurations show a strong variability in the along shelf direction throughout the entire length of Palawan. On the northern outer shelf, these reefs are elongate parallel to the shelf edge defining a barrier reef configuration. The break of slopes of these reefs occur from depths of 100 to 70 m and their reef crests to reef flats rise to as shallow as 10 m. With the 40 m isobath as reference, these reefs may have lengths of less than a kilometre to as long as 20 km. Along the mid-shelf off the northern half of Palawan, the reefs are scattered occurring as patch reefs with diameters that are typically within about half to one kilometre. Off the southern half of Palawan, these mid-shelf reefs are more elongate with lengths that can be more than 5 km and defining two parallel trends. On the inner shelf, the reefs are mostly coast parallel with lengths of just about a kilometer to several kilometres. They lie close to each other forming intricate patterns of lagoons and channels in-between as they merge with the fringing reefs lining the coast. Such alongshelf variability throughout the

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entire length of Palawan is consistent with coral and reef fish, as well as physico-chemical characteristics.

Keywords: coral reef, habitat condition, assessment, diversity

Characterization and Reproductive Seasonality of a Gracilaria Species in Quezon, Palawan, Philippines

Rey,Lanie Jane Aurelio and Ria S. Sariego*

Western Philippines University

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City

Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

A Gracilaria species growing abundantly in Tabon, Quezon, Palawan was characterized based on its morphological and reproductive structure. The reproductive seasonality of the species was also determined as influenced by salinity, pH, turbidity, and nutrients, nitrate and phosphate from March 2015 to February 2016. Gracilaria sp. is characterized by (i) cylindrical axes with a discoid holdfast; (ii) branch and branches with distinctly constricted base; (iii) branches with acute to blunt apices; (iv) reddish brown to dark brown in color; (v) plant height ranging from 18 to more than 30 cm; (vi) deep pot-shaped “verrucosa” type spermatangial conceptacles and (vii) cruciately dividing tetrasporangia. The cystocarpic thalli are generally smaller and less branched than tetrasporic and spermatangial thalli. Cystocarps are mainly found on the lateral branches. These characteristics confirmed that the Gracilaria sp. in Quezon, Palawan is a Gracilaria firma.Reproductive seasonality of this species was observed. High number of cystocarpic plants was recorded from November to March. Among the environmental parameters measured, only salinity (r=-0.78, p≤0.001) and pH (r=0.62, p≥0.05) were found to influence the number of cystocarpic G. firma. This study recommends that harvesting of Gracilaria firma in Tabon, Quezon, Palawan must be done from April to October when the number of cystocarpic/fertile plants is low.

Keywords: Gracilaria, Gracilaria firma, reproductive seasonality, morphology, Palawan

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Fishing Gears and Their Catch in the West Coast of Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines

Vigonte, Angelie Claire M. and Rodulf Anthony T. Balisco



ABSTRACT

The barangays Simpucan, Bagong Bayan and Napsan (SIMBANA) are coastal communities where fishing is the main livelihood of residents.The fishing gears and their catch, and the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of fishing gears operated in the coasts of SIMBANA, Puerto Princesa City were determined from the fishermen and logbooks of three buyers from the area. Results showed that nine fishing gears are used in the area that includes simple handline, spear gun (using hooka diving), drift gillnet, bottom set gillnet, multiple handline, octopus lures, “bundak”, cuttlefish lure, and troll line. A total of 108 species belong to 25 families were identified and recorded. Octopus (Octopodidae) was the most common catch of fishermen. Bottom set gill net had the highest average CPUE, while simple handline had the lowest. Most of the gears used in SIMBANA are considered as passive gears. Alternative livelihood must be provided for fishermen in times of bad weather condition. Keywords:fishing gears, catch composition, CPUE, Simpocan, Bagong Bayan, Napsan

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Biodiversity and Its Physico-Chemical Controls in the Tubbataha Atolls

Villanoy, Cesar, Hazel Arceo, Fernando Siringan, Maria Lourdes San Diego McGlone, Kevin Yatco, & Danielle Manalaysay

Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines

Diliman, Quezon City

ABSTRACT

The Sulu Sea is a natural laboratory for various physical and biological oceanographic processes. It is affected by large-scale circulation patterns and solitary waves, harbors diverse marine habitats, and is a significant source of food and livelihood for nearby communities. The Tubbataha atolls are located in the central portion of this basin, atop an old line of volcanic ridges. Tubbataha atolls are affected by the seasonal shifts in wind regimes which would influence wave exposure, flushing of lagoon waters and upwelling sites. The Tubbataha atolls are also exposed to the westward moving solitary waves formed along the east side of Sulu Sea. These hydrographic patterns can have important ramifications on the productivity of these atolls that impact the base of the food web and propagate up to the economically important fisheries in the area from benthic coral reefs to pelagic waters. A research cruise on board the M/Y Navorca was conducted last April 2 to 8 to survey the North Atoll. Stations were established at the north, south, east and west sides of the atoll and surveyed using coral video and fish visual census transects. Coral cores were obtained to establish coral growth variability over a longer temporal scale. A remote operated vehicle (ROV) equipped with a camera was used to do a video transect from the reef slope down to a maximum depth of 150m to document vertical extent of the reef. Acoustic Doppler current profiler and multibeam echosounder surveys were also conducted in the vicinity of the transect sites to establish the general reef topography and flow conditions. Survey sites were also established inside the lagoon to compare how the decreased visibility and less oligotrophic waters influence coral and reef fish communities. Water samples were also collected for carbonate and water chemistry characterization of the waters inside and outside the lagoon. Preliminary results of the survey will be presented and discussed.

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Keywords: biodiversity, coral reef, growth, physic-chemical controls, Tubbataha

Species Inventoryof Flora andFauna in a Residential Area in Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines

Benliro, Ianthe Marie P.



ABSTRACT

Species diversity of an areacouldbe affected by residents by modifying the environment, forcing associated fauna to migrate to places that are less inhabited by people. It is therefore interesting to find out if residential areas may still harbor diverse flora and fauna. This study would contribute to biodiversity data of the locality and encourage residents to be more observant of their surroundings. It aimed to determine the number of species of flora and relative composition of fauna within the perimeter of one residence. The area covered approximately 700sqm in Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan.Methods included ocular survey, photo-documentation, classification, and identification.Floraand fauna were identified down to species level except for the insects, spiders and mammals. The organisms were classified by taxonomic class for relative composition. There was no trapping nor collecting of specimen. There were 60 families of flora with 126 species, 35(28%) of which were trees. The most diverse family was Araceae.Insects comprised most of the 95 species of fauna, and gastropods were the least. Bats, squirrels and shrews represented the mammals. Avifauna had 20 species belonging to 13 families withNectarinidae as the most diverse.Results show that residential areas can host a variety of faunal species provided diverse vegetation for food and habitat are available. Further study might reveal higher species count.Varied vegetation

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in the area must be maintained andwild species of flora and other fauna need to be identified. Further study may focus on the cryptic species. Keywords: Species inventory, flora and fauna, Palawan, Philippines

Camera Trap Survey Provides Photographic Evidence of the Wild PalawanPangolin (Manisculionensis)

Marler,Paris N.

Centre for Sustainability PH,

Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City

ABSTRACT

The Palawan Pangolin (Manis culionensis) is among the least studied mammal species in the world. Its current range is restricted to Palawan and Culion islands in the Philippines. Knowledge of this species’ occurrence, ecology and behavior is minimal however; a camera trap study in 2015 captured three independent photos of M. culionensis. The first photo-capture was in January on private property in Palawan, Philippines. The individual was photographed in mangrove habitat while using 150 milliliters of fish oil bait, placed 2 meters in front of the camera. The second and third photo-captures occurred in an unprotected forest surrounding Cleopatra’s Needle, Palawan, Philippines. The second photograph was taken in February in lowland evergreen forest habitat and the third in May in riverine habitat. The two latter sites used 150 milliliters of common pig’s blood placed two meters in front of the camera for bait. These findings provide the first published photographic evidence of M. culionensis alive in the wild and the first reported sighting of M. culionensis in mangrove habitat. Further extensive surveys are needed to better understand M. culionensis behavior and habitat preferences and improve camera trap logistics for pangolin studies. These discoveries demonstrate the need for cooperation among non-government organizations, indigenous groups and the local government to provide protection for larger forested areas in Palawan.

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Keywords: pangolin, Manis culionensis, bait, survey, Palawan, camera trap, protected area

The Profile of Umalad Watershed in Roxas, Palawan

Mojica, Frank Joe

Palawan State University- Roxas Palawan Campus [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Water is the most precious substance on Earth. Water is life because without it we would never have evolved and could not exist. Access in fresh water supply in Roxasis mostly from Umalad Watershed. Majority of the households’ water consumption in Poblacion is supplied by the shed. This study used descriptive qualitative method in determiningwater quality and quantity, watershed ecosystem, management activities, conservation and restoration, monitoring, and sustainability. The findings were the water from Umalad Watershed is safe to drink; 7 plants/trees recommended for watershed are found in the area; management is concentrated onextensive annual tree planting; sustainability of the Watershed depends primarily on the presence of adequate vegetation; stressors found in the area charcoal making, slash and burn activities, presence of residents and logging It can be concluded that the Umalad Water shed has quality control as to the safety of water; stressors in the area affects the sustainability of the water quantity along the minimal government intervention in the management of the watershed.It is recommended that vegetation in the area should be properly monitored and maintained; plans and strategies should be implemented effectively; legislations against charcoal making slash and burn activities and logging in the area should be strictly implemented;residents present in the area can be considered as co-managers of the Watershed; analysis of the water coming from the household faucets as distributed by the Roxas Water District is recommended.

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Keywords: watershed, water quality, vegetation, Umalad watershed

Conservation of Philippine Cockatoo Cacatua haematuropygiaand Its Habitat in Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF), Palawan, Philippines

Nierves,Mary Chris P., Peter Widmann and Indira D.L. Widmann

Katala Foundation, Inc. (KFI), Puerto Princesa City, Palawan

ABSTRACT

IPPF is an open prison managed by the Bureau of Corrections. The area is home to the globally third-most important Philippine Cockatoo population, after Rasa Island and Pandanan/Bugsuk Islands.Reproduction of the said critically endangered bird species still takes place,however, none of the active nest trees were successful for the past two breeding seasons, with poaching being the most likely cause. Networking of stakeholders, conservation education and nest protection with supplementation of camera trapping were employed to improve the outcome of nest protection.Within the four confirmed active nest trees, ten eggs were recorded in the 2016 breeding season.Nine hatchlings were banded of which eight successfully fledged.One nestling was presumably poached, while the camera trap installed on this nest was stolen. Its younger sibling was rescued and hand-raised for later release into the wild. Three IEC campaigns were conductedwithin the reporting period with a total of 425 participants (i.e. inmates, community and 4P’s beneficiaries) reached. The occurrence of correct/desirable answers increased by an average of 33.19 percentage points after the intervention (av. 55.38% pre-intervention, av. 88.57% post-intervention).Revision of the protocols of camera trapping based on the gathered data is necessary to enhance its efficiency as one of the initiatives employed for the nest protection strategy. Likewise, employment of Landscape and Wildlife Indicators (LAWIN) System, aninnovative tablet- and computer-based data managementand monitoring system is now explored and proposed to be implemented in the site.

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Keywords: Philippine Cockatoo Conservation Program (PCCP), breeding season, Landscape and Wildlife Indicators (LAWIN) System

Status and conservation of the Calamian Deer Axis calamianensis – First Results From a Long-Term Effort

Nuñez, Joshuael, Peter Widmann and Indira D. L. Widmann


ABSTRACT

The Calamian Deer is restricted to the Calamian group of islands, within the Palawan faunal region. We present first findings on population status, habitat requirements, threat factors and current distribution based on distance sampling, occupancy and interview surveys. Rampant poaching is likely the leading threat factor for the species, particularly also in Calauit Wildlife and Game Reserve, which is subject to massive influx of settlers. Habitat destruction and degradation are further reasons for the decline of the species. Aside from poaching, other factors leading to direct losses of deer include uncontrolled grass- and woodland fires, fencing with barb wires and stray dogs. Initial recommendations for the conservation of the species include stepped up law enforcement to prevent and reverse squatting and poaching, resolution of the overlapping land use claims in Calauit, development of an ex-situ population for later reintroduction into suitable habitats, identification and development of suitable areas for reintroduction, and conservation education. Keywords: Calamian Deer, Calamian group of islands, distance sampling, ex-situ population

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Rapid Biodiversity Assessment in Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF), Palawan, Philippines

Nierves, Mary Chris P., Indira D.L. Widmann and Peter Widmann


ABSTRACT

A Rapid Biodiversity Assessment was conducted May 11-16, 2016 to assess diversity of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, insects and vascular plants in the breeding habitat of the critically endangered Philippine Cockatoo within the Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm (IPPF). Initial results indicate that at least two new species of freshwater fish and one new species of magnolia plant occur in the area. There is an observation likewise of a possible range extension of a frog species, or it may be a new species altogether. Two species of free-tailed bats, one of which was previously recorded only from single specimen in Palawan were caught and documented. Moreover, a high number of red-listed species were also recorded in the area, such as Philippine Cockatoo, Red-headed Flameback, Palawan Pangolin, Palawan Bearded Pig and Palawan Flat-headed Frog. Analysis of the data gathered by a group of local experts from Western Philippines University, DENR, Wild Expeditions Palawan and Katala Foundation is still ongoing and will be reported separately. The number of globally threatened species recorded, aside from the Philippine Cockatoo justifies the establishment of critical habitat in IPPF. Keywords: Rapid Biodiversity Assessment, Critical Habitat, Philippine Cockatoo, breeding habitat

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Rapid Biodiversity Assessment in Barangay Mendoza, Roxas

Schoppe,Sabine


ABSTRACT

Roxas is well known for its high faunal diversity including numerous highly threatened species like the Philippine Cockatoo, Palawan Forest Turtle, and Palawan Pangolin just to mention some threatened lowland forest specialists. Likewise, Roxas is well known as illegal trade hot spot. There is however a number of local initiatives to combat illegal trade and to protect natural resources on which the local communities and wildlife equally depend. Barangay Mendoza has launched a resolution pledging Katala Foundation Inc. to assist them in the establishment of a protected watershed area. To assess the request, KFI was granted Gratuitous Permit 2016-19 for the conduct of a rapid biodiversity assessment (RBA) of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, flaying mammals, and plants in Mendoza. For the conduct of the RBA, KFI was assisted by Wild Expeditions Palawan, Western Philippines University, PCSDS, and the Visayas State University. The RBA was conducted in July 2016. A total of 100 species composed of four fishes, nine amphibians, 11 reptiles, four flying mammals, and 72 birdspecies were encountered. Among these, 27% are endemic to the Palawan Group of Islands. In line with RA 9147 and its updated list of threatened species (PCSD Res 15-521), 31% of the fauna encountered are threatened. Most noteworthy is the occurrence of the critically endangered Palawan Forest Turtle. The results of the floral analysis are still pending. The high number of threatened species and at the same time the observed threats of timber cutting and slash and burn farming practices make the area a candidate for nomination as Critical Habitat under PCSD AO 12. In a next step, this option will be discussed with the LGU of Mendoza.

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Keywords: rapid resources assessment, biodiversity, critical habitat

One Year After the Palawan Forest Turtle (Siebenrockiella leytensis) Rescue

Schoppe, Sabine, Diverlie Acosta, Dexter Alvarado, Roseline Mesicampo and Ronelito Esuma


ABSTRACT

On 17 June 2015, PCSDS had confiscated 3,831 Palawan Forest Turtle from a warehouse in Rio Tuba, Bataraza. Thanks to the joined efforts of PCSDS, DENR BMB, Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center, the international Chelonian community and Katala Foundation Inc., 3,385 were released back to the wild after triage and treatment. To check on and to ensure the wellbeing of the released turtles, KFI has established a monitoring scheme. All 10 release sites are monitored regularly; usually every other month. Each monitoring activity lasts for one to two samplings nights. Turtles are captured with baited funnel traps, measured, conditions assessed, photo documented, notched and released to place of capture. At the same time trade interviews and an information education campaign about trade issues are conducted at and around the release sites. Surveys showed that a negligible number of mortalities occurred during the first four weeks after release. Mosthowever are strong and have well adapted to the novel habitats. Result further showed that the Palawan Forest Turtle qualifies for translocations since individuals remained and are still relatively close to the release site. In addition to these positive results, the sad news is that illegal trade in the species continues and has switched from live to shell trade. Keywords: Palawan Forest Turtle, critically endangered, illegal wildlife trade, monitoring

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Conservation Status of the Palawan Pangolin Manis culionensis

Schoppe, Sabine and Dexter Alvarado


ABSTRACT

Pangolins are the most commonly traded mammals of the world, both in volume and number of confiscations. The Palawan Pangolin is only relatively recently accepted as a distinctive species. Trade in its meat, scales and blood was first meant to satisfy the demand from the ethnic Chinese community of Palawan and neighboring provinces but an increasing demand from Eastern Asia has led to the commercial exploitation of this endangered species. Quantification of illegally traded individuals and of remaining wild populations is urgently needed to support conservation measures with data. This paper reports on surveys to assess the abundance in six villages covering Northern to Southern Palawan between 2013 and 2014. In each village, 2km2 of the best pangolin habitat were selected and systematically searched for indirect and direct pangolin signs over two weeks. Results revealed that the species is heavily exploited all over its range. Likewise, habitat destruction, especially through kaingin, has been identified as a threat to the species in all six survey areas. Densities ranged from 2-4 adults / km2. Density decreased from north to south. The highest densities were found in northern island populations with high percentage of primary lowland forest and existing protection scheme. The lowest density was found in Rizal and pangolins were completely absent after a recent poaching event in Bacungan, PPC. Interviews with communities at the survey sites indicated a general decreasing trend. In-situ conservation measures and strict law enforcement are needed to protect this termite-eating species.

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Keywords: Palawan, pangolin, Manis culionensis, population size, trade

Behavior of the Palawan Forest Turtle Siebenrockiella leytensis in Captivity at Katala Institute for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation (KIEBC),

Barangay Antipuluan, Narra, Palawan, Philippines

Venturillo,Teresita Ana A.1, Lyca Sandrea G. Castro1, and Sabine Schoppe2

1College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University

2Philippine Freshwater Turtle Conservation Program, Katala Foundation, Inc., Puerto Princesa City, Palawan

ABSTRACT

The endemic Palawan Forest Turtle Siebenrockiella leytensis, also known as Heosemys leytensis, is a freshwater turtle species that was listed as critically endangered in the IUCN 2011.It is one of the least known Asian Turtle in the world. Hence, this study wasconducted tocontribute in filling the knowledge gap regarding the behavior of S. leytensis through observing them in captivity. This study aimed to identify the activity pattern and feeding behavior and preferences, determine the breathing frequency, and describe the reproductive behavior of S. leytensis. The study was conducted for 43 days (July 29 - October 28, 2011) atKatala Institute for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation (KIEBC) in Bgy. Antipuluan, Narra, Palawan, Philippines. Observations were conductedboth day and night. Based on the results of the study, captive S. leytensis showed inactiveness during the day but were active during night time. They were often observed restingeither underwater or on land.The Palawan Forest Turtle were observed to breathe often at night than in the afternoon and in the morning. Itseems to prefer fish that was consumed faster than the other food. No individuals were observed to compete for food. Reproductive behavior like mounting and chasing were observed. The study confirmed that even in captivity, S.leytensis was still

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nocturnal and omnivorous. Female S. leytensiscan stay longer in the water than the males. Aggressive behavior was observed in male even though female kept on avoiding them. A further research on feeding preference and reproductive behavior is recommended. Keywords: Palawan forest turtle, captivity, behavior, feeding, reproduction

The Maquinit Hot Spring,Coron, Busuanga Island, Palawan: Its Biodiversity and the Wonders of its Microbes Against Important Pathogens.

Zulaybar,Teofila O. and Irene A. Papa

The National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH)

University of the Philippines Los Baños

ABSTRACT

The Maquinit Hot Spring in Coron, Busuanga island, Palawan is one of the very few saltwater hotsprings in the world.The uniqueness of this hotspring makes it interesting for biodiversity studies and exploration of bioactivity of its microbes against important pathogens.Because of the treats of antibiotic resistance, there is a need for continued search of antimicrobials. Thus, water and soil samples had been explored for its microbes and screened against 2strains of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and4 strains of Ralstoniasolanacearum(Rs), a devastating soil borne pathogen causing bacterial wilt in solanaceous plants.Bacterial count of the four Maquinit soil samples ranges from 103 to 105 CFU/ml while fungal count ranges from 0 to 104. Bacterial and fungal colonies vary in appearance, color, shapes and sizes. However, water samples have bacterial count which ranges from 1.22x 103 to 8.2 x 10 3andno fungi was isolated.Eight actinomyceteswere screened against MRSAby agar plug assay. Results showed that 2 actinomycetes inhibited both MRSA strains (8.1-9.1mm zoi).Because of the hazards in the over use of chemical pesticides, utilization of microorganisms as biocontrol agents was done.Actinomycetes were screened against four strains of Rs. Both Maquinit Soil 5 (CMS5) and CMS35 inhibitedRs B10195 while CMS 35 and CMS44 Inhibited Rs B10195 and Rs B10319.Identification of bacterial isolates should be done. However, isolated Actinomycetes can be a good source of antibiotics and biocontrol agent against plant pathogens which are safe, effective and cheaper to use.

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Keywords: MRSA, Ralstonia, actinomycetes, microbes, fungi

Antimicrobial Properties of Actinobacteria Isolated From Soil in Coron, Palawan

Zulaybar, Teofila O.,IreneA.Papa and Ara Katlyn M. Baguno The National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH)


ABSTRACT

Coron Island, Palawan has coastal areas covered with mangrove forests which has rich biodiversity, thus soil samples were collected to isolate Actinobacteria for the isolation of bioactive compounds effective against human and plant pathogens. They are important saprophytes renowed for their prolific production of a diverse range of bioactive metabolites including enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, signaling molecules and immune modulators. Eighty-four actinobacteria were isolated from soil samples and tested for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (Ec), Staphylococcus aureus (Sa), Candida albicans(Ca), three strainsofMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) from cows and goat with mastitis, one strain isolated from human MRSA and three strains ofRalstoniasolanacearum(Rs) isolated from soil (Laguna, Quezon and PNCM).Actinobacteria isolate number CS 42 was effective against the four strains of MRSA (14.65, 9.5, 14.4,17.85 mm) while CS24 had the highest zoi against MRSA (24.25mm). However, Actinobacteria CS42 has the highest zoi against Rs from Laguna and CS 6 inhibited Rs from Laguna, Quezon andPNCM. Ec, Sa and Ca did not significantly inhibited by actinobacteria from Coron. Thus, selected isolates crude extract will be formulated as ointment to determine the effectivity of Actinobacteria against MRSA from dairy animals to control mastitis for increase milk production. However, bacterial wilt caused by Rs can be prevented in solanaceousplants with the addition of Actinobacteria effective against Rs to improve yield.

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Actinobacteria isolated from Coron, Palawan can be a good source of bioactive compounds and biocontrol agent against plant pathogens which are safe, effective and cheaper to use. Keywords: enzyme, Escherichia coli, MRSA, Ralstonia, actinobacteria

Strategic Naval Presence in Balabac, Palawan (Civil Military Operations Component)

LTJG Emmanuel C Absalon PN

Office of Naval Strategic Studies, Headquarters Philippine Navy Graduate of Asian Institute of Management, Master in Development Management 2015

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Balabac is the last municipality of Palawan Province in the south and is composed of islet barangays. Agriculture is a challenge that which makes fishery a common source of livelihood. Data from the provincial government and some literatures state that fishery is indeed the most common form of livelihood in the area.Commercial Fusilier fishing which is common in the West Philippine Sea as well as in these waters. Apart from illegal fishing, some locals are also involved in wildlife poaching particularly sea turtles . The average number of sea turtles caught and sold in Balabac range from 400 to 500 pieces and sells as from P5,000.00 to P35,000.00 depending on the size. The Philippine Navy has an active role in environmental protection in the area. Navy vessels assigned in Balabac as well as the Naval Station aboard the island has been very active in its pursuit of catching sea turtle poachers. However, just confiscating the poachers themselves will not solve the problem of poaching given the lure of easy money. It requires a holistic approach by transforming the frame of mind of the community and providing them alternative livelihood. An organization from Morong, Bataan wherein poachers were converted to conservationists could be an example. They turned turtle conservation program into a tourist attraction whilst educating the visitors about sea turtle protection and conservation. This study proposes a partnership between the Philippine Navy, the LGU of Balabac, and the PCSD to train reservists and wildlife enforcement officers that would protect the marine turtles and be a catalyst of eco-tourism (turtle tourism) in the municipality.

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Keywords: Naval presence, enforcement, civil military

Encouraging Natural Resource Conservation through the Human Affect: The Case of Icadambanauan Island, Palawan, Philippines

Arnica L. De Guzman1, Zenaida M. Sumalde2,

Carmelita M. Rebancos1, Girlie Nora A. Abrigo3 1Schoool of Environmental Science and Management,

University of the Philippines Los Baños 2 Department of Economics, College of Economics and Management,

University of the Philippines Los Baños 3Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences,


ABSTRACT

Seeking the relationship of human to their surroundings is a key factor to understand environmental problems that we currently face. This study tried to identify how human belongingness to his environment, as measured by Sense of Place, affects his/her environmental conservation, as measured through the General Ecological Behavior (GEB) using the data gathered through survey of all the households in Icadambanauan Island. Data were analyzed using two-stage least squares regression methods. Results showed that the island residents' Sense of Place have significant relationship to their conservation behavior. If given the proper attention, these connections already embedded in our socio-ecological systems may help enhance management plans geared towards conservation of resources or in resolving environmental problem, especially those linked with anthropogenic activities. Keywords: General Ecological Behavior, Sense of Place, conservation, Icadambanauan Island.

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Livelihood Practices of the Agutaynens: Its Implication to Education

Flornita N. Ferrer Palawan State University

Roxas, Palawan

ABSTRACT

In the face of attempts to promote development, countries are looking to a new model that will reduce and alleviate poverty without compromising the natural assets of the country. With the advent of modern technologies people are motivated to obtain bigger and better things, notwithstanding its impact to the future. In the Philippines, livelihood awareness has become significantly important due to the present economic difficulties. It is worthwhile to investigate the livelihood practices of the especially the indigenous ones.The study is a field work approach and supported by data gathered from Key Informants. Findings revealed that fishing methods used by the Agutaynens are traditional in nature concentrated to inshore areas and or over reefs and lagoons; knowledgeableon habitat of marine species; men and women participated in fishing; practice sustainability of fishing; fishing and farming practices are not introduced in the TLE subjects; they do not use chemicals; they practice shifting cultivation; rituals are associated to the farming activities. This concluded that Agutaynens are endowed with source of livelihood sufficient for their survival. The same practices have sustained their existence as an indigenous group over ages. However, due to some socio-cultural changes these practices are slowly becoming extinct. It was recommended that DepEd Palawan should formulate policies to include local livelihood practices in the activities mandated in the curriculum; and curriculum planners should integrate courses that will cater to the needs of the people and of the locality.

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Keywords: livelihood, practices, Agutaynens

Pre-retirement Activities of Selected Local Government Units in Palawan: Basis for a Proposed LGUPre-retirement Program (Backup)

Edison C. Gabileo1,2

1College of Business and Management,

Western Philippines University- Aborlan Campus 2Unpublished thesis, Doctor in Public Administration,

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this study was to determine the pre-retirement activities of selected local government units in Palawan as basis for a proposed LGU pre-retirement program with the following specific objectives: identify the existing pre-retirement activities, extent of appreciation levels of pre-retirement activities; factors that impede the implementation of pre-retirement activities; plans of pre-retirees prior to retirement;and suggestions of officials that can help meet the needs of pre-retirees in the LGU. Pre-retirement activities in LGUs existed based on the majority “yes” answers of all respondents; the pre-retirement activities were “appreciated” by the respondents in the LGU, based on the overall mean rating of 1.91; the respondents verbally interpreted as “agree” that factors like political, economic, social, and legal impedes the implementation of pre-retirement activities in the LGU; the pre-retirees were “well-planned” their financial, and spiritual activities; and their next priorities were health, social and psychological aspects; and lastly, the HR and elected officials similarly suggested the enactment of law in the national and local levels ofthe LGUspre-retirement program.

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The conclusion and recommendation were: the need to enact a law forLGU pre-retirement program in the national and local levels, and the LGU to initiate the formulation of well-defined and for properly implemented pre-retirement program in the LGUs. Keywords: pre-retirees, pre-retirement program, well-being pre-retirement elements, political, economic, social, and legal factor legal hindrances.

CRM Capabilities of Local Government Units within Palawan, Philippines: an assessment in Municipalities of

Balabac, Roxas, and El Nido

Jonathan G. Hansen,Andrew M. Song, Benjamin J. Gonzales & Joel G. Becira Western Philippines University

Palawan, Philippines Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland

Newfoundland, Canada

ABSTRACT

The need for Coastal Resource Management (CRM) in the Philippines has grown steadily in the past few decades, as anthropogenic activities have begun to take a toll on the once pristine natural environment. Understanding this, the National Government passed legislation that empowered the Local Government Unit (LGU) with full jurisdiction over the CRM activities within the Municipality, known as the Local Government Code (RA7160) of 1991. This study aimed to assess the CRM capabilities of three municipal LGUs within Palawan: Balabac, Roxas, and El Nido. This was achieved by using a series of devised indicators which attempted to gauge technical competence, financial capability and political will of the LGUs. These indicators were placed in the form of a questionnaire and administered to selected representatives within each municipality via personal interviews. It was found that all three municipalities lacked, both, the necessary technical competence and financial capability, however it was the absence of substantial political will which ultimately governed the current deficiency of CRM programs within the municipalities. Keywords: CRM indicators, Palawan, Local Governance

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Perceptions of Tourists and Tour Operators in the Puerto Princesa Area: Environmental Awareness and Willingness to Pay a Resource Conservation Fee

Nadeau, Patrick S., Sarah J. Saunders and Benjamin J. Gonzales

Western Philippines University-Puerto Princesa Campus

ABSTRACT

Ecotourism is an important industry in Puerto Princesa City (P.P.C.), with a largely untapped potential to generate funds for conservation projects in the area. We distributed two sets of surveys in P.P.C.: one to tour operators and one to tourists having completed a package tour. In both sets, we assessed: i) the environmental perceptions of participants, and ii) support for resource conservation fees (a surcharge to tour prices to be used for conservation initiatives). Data was collected from 49 tourists and 15 tour operators. Tourists clearly valued the natural resources of the area, with 100% agreeing that these resources are worth protecting and 63% supporting a resource conservation fee (median willingness to pay = P50). Among tour operators, 87% agreed that Coastal Resource Management is important to their business while 60% would support charging a conservation fee on a voluntary basis (median = P25). We conservatively estimate that P11 950 per month (P52 400 in the high season) would be raised if supportive tour operators (n = 9) charged each of their clients P25. If all responding tour operators (n = 15) were made to charge P25 on a mandatory basis, P19 450 per month (P88 100 in the high season) would be raised. We make the following recommendations: i) tour operators, city officials, and other stakeholders should meet to discuss resource conservation fees, and ii) a small-scale pilot project should be launched with supportive tour operators.

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Keywords: Conservation fee, willingness-to-pay, Puerto Princesa

Water Quality Snapshots: Rapid and Low-cost Method for Monitoring Water Transparency in Coastal and Inland Waters

Ona, Ronald Edilberto A.

Palawan State University- Puerto Princesa City

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the potential of water column photography for monitoring water color and transparency in selected inland and coastal waters of Palawan. Top layers of water column at numerous sampling points in selected sites in Palawan were photographed via commercial model 12 megapixels digital camera. Water transparency was measured at the same time using Secchi disk. Sample photographs were then analyzed by separating the Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) channels and obtaining the number of pixels per channel via ImageJ software. Values of Secchi disk transparency (ZSD) were correlated against several RGB pixel ratios to determine the validity of digital color photographs for estimating ZSD measurements. Results for inland waters revealed strong positive correlation r(15) = 0.89, p≤0.01, r2 = 80% between Blue/Red and ZSD and moderate negative correlation r(10) = -0.77, p≤0.01, r2 = 60% between Red/Green and ZSD. For coastal waters, strong negative correlation r(20) = -0.88, p≤0.05, r2 = 78% between Red channel pixels and ZSD and strong negative correlation r(19) = -0.85, p≤0.01, r2 = 72% between Red channel pixels and ZSD were found. In conclusion, high values of Blue channel pixels indicated relatively clean and transparent waters whereas high Green or Red pixel values pointed to turbid waters with suspected high amounts of suspended particulates and phytoplanktons. This study provided

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evidence on the utility of water column photography to estimate Secchi disk transparency and monitor water color in both inland and coastal waters. Keywords: Secchi disk transparency, water color, water column, digital photography

Generating Benefits from Ecotourism in Palawan Biosphere Reserve: Lessons from Six Ecotourism Sites

Pontillas,Marissa S. 1, Eva Marie C. Ponce de Leon1, and Ryan T. Fuentes2

1Center for Strategic Policy and Governance, Palawan State University, Philippines

2Palawan Council for Sustainable Development, Philippines

ABSTRACT

Ecotourism is believed to be a perfect platform for generating livelihoods and benefits in biosphere reserves (BRs) like Palawan. It has been seen as a viable strategy to reduce poverty and address sustainability issues like biodiversity loss and climate change. This research assesses the sustainable practices and management experiences of ecotourism sites in Palawan BR. This assessment aims to document how ecotourism-based livelihoods are generated, managed, and become beneficial to host communities within the Palawan BR, as exemplified by case studies of six ecotourism sites in Puerto Princesa City. The assessment uses an established set of sustainability criteria to determine the best practice in an ecotourism activity or product. The case studies show that tangible benefits of community-based ecotourism indeed accrue to the local community members. They show that the local communities have the incentive to protect their environment as they themselves are able to access benefits through the ecotourism enterprises as part of the value chain in the tourist site. The economic value that can be attributed to the six sites is conservatively estimated at USD 12.2 million (2013) and USD 12.4 million (2014). The assessment also identifies the enabling

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environment and key drivers for good ecotourism practices that allowed them to be sustained by local communities. Keywords: Palawan, biosphere reserves, ecotourism benefits

Contingent Valuation of Kemdeng Watershed

Tabangay,Mark Anthony, Reziel Camacho, Stella Gimotea, Leo Jay Manmano and Mark Espiel

Palawan State University

San Vicente, Palawan

ABSTRACT

Watershed is one of the most important resources that supports the existence of human and, yet, protection and conservation are lacking for this resource. This study is a contingent valuation of Kemdeng watershed that assessed the WTP of the people for the protection and conservation of watershed. Primarily, it assessed the level of awareness of the respondent with regards to the importance and services of Kemdeng watershed and secondly determined the people’s mean WTP for the protection and conservation of watershed. It also determined the socio-economic characteristics of the community and finally sought to assess if there’s any significant relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and WTP of the people. Most of the respondents (88.6%) were highly aware that Kemdeng watershed is the primary source of Kemdeng water supply. However, about 27.3% were highly aware about the 1000 hectares watershed protected area of Kemdeng. Findings showed that the respondents were willing to pay Php 77.26 per household per month. Additionally, the result had showed that

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the three identified variable (Age, Income, Educational attainment) has no significant relationship to the amount of WTP of the community. The findings have further indicated that almost all of the respondents were willing to pay. On this ground therefore it is recommended that policy and decision makers should start to construct related programs and policies for the protection and conservation of watershed considering the amount that the people were afford to pay. Key words: watershed, contingent valuation

Taxonomy and Conservation of the Minnow Genus Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from

Northern Palawan, Philippines

Matillano, Joie D.

State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Taxonomy of the complex minnow genus Puntius in northern Palawan, Philippines, was analyzed based on morphology of fishes from six drainage basins. Conservation status also was assessed following IUCN criteria for threatened species. Results confirmed the presence of two endemic Puntius species in Lake Manguao. Two potentially new species of Puntius also were discovered within that basin, suggesting the possibility of a small Puntius species flock. Geographic variation among populations from rivers outside the Manguao basin indicated possible additional species among riverine habitats in Palawan. Habitat surveys revealed freshwater ecosystems of northern Palawan were threatened by exotic species introductions and degradation from ongoing mining and deforestation. Conservation assessments indicated that Puntius populations of Manguao should have Critically Endangered status under IUCN criteria because of small habitat area and ongoing disturbances. Lake Manguao should be granted protected status because of endangered fishes and other terrestrial vertebrates dependent on that unique ecosystem. Keywords: Geographic variation, endangered species, principal component analysis,

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Lake Manguao, species flock

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Declining/Loss of Mangrove Forest in the Municipality of El Nido, Palawan, Philippines: A Systems Dynamics Perspective

Pontillas, J. F. A1, G. Cadigal1, J. Bream1, B. Adriano1, Jr., M. Palatino1, R. Maximo1,

and C. Smith,2 R. Richards2

1Palawan Council for Sustainable Development-Philippines, 2University of Queensland - Australia

The study demonstrated the use of Systems Thinking platform to dissect and analyze the problem of mangrove loss. The method considered the non-linear relationships between components of the natural and economic systems. Using focus group discussions (FGDs), data on the past, current and future condition of the mangrove forest’s resources, the directly related activities and associated pressures that drive such actions were drawn from community informants.

A key tool of the study is the SESAMME, a computer based application being developed under the Coral Reefs and Related Ecosystem Services (CCRES) project. The application systematize the traditional method of community mapping with the use of computer technology to come up with spatially organized community data depicting relationships in the socio-ecological systems in the form of Rich Pictures (computer images of data/information) and Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) that integrates the information generated from the FGDs and identified balancing and reinforcing loops.

The inter-relationships between variables reveal either reinforcing loops that exacerbate mangrove loss or balancing loops that slow down mangrove loss.

The generated pictures and diagrams better showed the multi-dimensional nature of Mangrove loss problem and the strong link between the natural system and the economic system and the “limits to growth” character of the natural system.

Key words: Systems thinking, SESAMME, socio-ecological systems, Causal Loop Diagram, limits to growth

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Dr. Angel . Alcala