DRAFT ONLY YouMarriage Early Marriage AlternativesConsequences Patrick F. Fagan, Ph.D. Georgetown University April 2013

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLY

You You Marriage Marriage

Early MarriageEarly MarriageAlternativesAlternatives

ConsequencesConsequences

Patrick F. Fagan, Ph.D.Patrick F. Fagan, Ph.D.

Georgetown University Georgetown University April 2013 April 2013





For many: Marriage is not in their futureCharts from “Knot Now”, by Hymowitz, Carroll, Wilcox and Kaye, 2013


WHY GET MARRIED?But First: Which Marriage?

• There is a marriage to fear: Need-Love Marriage

• There is a marriage to trust: Gift-Love Marriage

• The Difference between the two


Beautiful Insanity

• Romance• Falling in Love• Blindness• Clear Lens• Woman (or man) promises what only God

can deliver • St Augustine


Need Love• Falling in Love • Blindness• = Need Love • The greater the deficit the greater the Need

Love • >> The greater the disappointment• The greater the disillusionment • Aside on priests and religious (young vs older)


Broken family background

• Unmet needs• Time with child in first two years


Importance of marriage :

Why it makes a difference




$100

$27

$127

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Com

para

tive

Inc o

me

%

Average Unmarried Male Premium Average Married Male

Marriage Premium in Male Income

Source Antovics, K. & Town, R. Am Econ Review V 94, (2004) pp 317-321

+ =



Of All Black Children (100%): % in Poverty or Not

by Married or Unmarried Parents

Married Not in Poverty

Married In Poverty

Not Married Not in Poverty

Source: Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, 1998

40

35

30

15

5

Not Married In Poverty

25

20

10

0

MARRIEDNOT-MARRIED

IN POVERTY

NOT IN POVERTY


3.93 Million Children 3.17 Million Children

0.75 Million Children

Unmarried Parents Same Parents If Married

Source R Rector (Heritage Fdn) : Analysis of CPS 2001

Children in Poverty In Poverty

Out of Poverty



Retreat from Marriage: Black Men (25-54)

by Education Level


Retreat from Marriage:Black Men (25-54)

Unemployment Differentials

Marriage (pink) and non-Marriage (blue)


2.9

2.62.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.30

2.40

2.50

2.60

2.70

2.80

2.90

Ave

rage

GP

A E

nlig

sh/M

ath

Com

bine

d

INTACT STEP COHABIT (BOTHNATURAL)

COHABIT (ONENATURAL)

DIVORCED NEVER MARRIED

GPA English/Math by Family StructureSource: Adolescent Health Survey, Wave I. Adolescents grade 7-12.


2.9

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.45

2.5

2.55

2.6

2.65

2.7

2.75

2.8

2.85

2.9

Com

bine

d En

glis

h-M

ath

Scor

e

Weekly Weekly<MonthlyMonthly<Yearly Never

Frequency of Religious Attendance

GPA Score Combined English/ Math Source Ad Health Survey Waves 1+2 1995


<MONTHLY/NEVERWEEKLY/MONTHLY+

INTACT/COHABIT(NATURAL)

ANY REJ ECTION

2.48

2.722.75

2.94

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

3

Ave

rage

GP

A

(Eng

lish

& M

ath

Com

bine

d)

GPA


Source: C. Harper and S. McLanahan, “Father Absence and Youth Incarceration,” ASA Annual Meeting, San Francisco, August 1998. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.

Family Structure: Comparative Rates Family Structure: Comparative Rates Of Youth IncarcerationOf Youth Incarceration

1

2.07

2.71

3.7

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Raised in Intact Married ParentFamily

Raised in Mother-Only Family Raised in a Mother andStepfather Family

Raised in a Stepmother Family

Com

para

tive

Rat

es o

f Inc

arce

ratio

n


Relative Rates of Physical Abuse by Family Structure Source NIS-4, 2010

1.0

5.24.3

10.3

3.13.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Always IntactMarried Family

Step MarriedFamily

Intact CohabitingFamily

Step CohabitingFamily

Single ParentFamily

Not living witheither parent


Relative Rates of Sexual Abuse by Family Structure Source NIS-4, 2010

1

5

19.8

4.8

10.68.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

Always IntactMarried Family

Step MarriedFamily

Intact CohabitingFamily

Step CohabitingFamily

Single ParentFamily

Not living witheither parent

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLYU.S: Partner / Spouse Violence Against Mothers Over 20 With Children under 12

Source DOJ Nat Crime Victimization Survey 1999

46

15

33

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Married Widowed Married+Div+SepCombined

Never Married

Rate

Per

1,0

00

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLYU.S: Partner / Spouse Violence Against Mothers Over 20 With Children under 12

Source DOJ Nat Crime Victimization Survey 1999

46

15

33

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Married Widowed Married+Div+SepCombined

Never Married

Rat

e Pe

r 1,0

00


Putting it off til successful

• Individual vs Couple• Entwined vs Free Standing• Looking • Seeking / Dating• Courtship / Friendship• Marriage• Beginning


Young Marrieds• Beginning• Fist year• First child• First Blush • Fading Rose• Blossoming Thorns• Deep Friendship / Companion / Unity• Goal


For 16-23 year olds: What to do in matters sexual

»Friendship»Chastity »Good times


How NOW affects marriage down the road

• Sexuality (deeply us) Freud, JPII• Dissipation of energy / resources• Friendship capacity• To give• Research on giving “Who Really Cares”

Arthur Brooks• Unhappy ? Find someone in real need


THE INDIVIDUAL AND PORNOGRAPHY • Pornography is addictive, and neuroscientists are

beginning to map the biological substrate of this addiction. • Desensitized to their type of pornography • Higher tolerance for abnormal sexuality, including rape,

sexual aggression, and sexual promiscuity. • Produces stronger notions of women as commodities or

as "sex objects." • Greater sexual permissiveness, out-of-wedlock births and

STDs. • Child-sex offenders are more likely to view pornography

regularly or to be involved in its distribution.


Porn-culture epidemic

THE FAMILY AND PORNOGRAPHY •Married men feel less satisfied and less emotionally attached to their wives. Wives notice and are deeply upset by the difference. •Pornography use is a pathway to infidelity and divorce.•Among couples affected by one spouse's addiction, two-thirds experience a loss of interest in sexual intercourse. •Both spouses perceive pornography viewing as tantamount to infidelity. •Pornography viewing leads to a loss of interest in good family relations.

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLYNumber of Non-Marital Sexual Partners Versus Percent in a Stable Marriage

Source NSFG 1995

Age of First Intercourse Versus Number of Sexual Partners

Source: NSFG 1995

The More Sexual Partners the More Likely to Abort Source NSFG 1995

812

18 19

25

3134

3943

52

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21+NUMBER OF NON MARITAL SEXUAL PARTNERS IN LIFETIME

Perc

ent w

ho h

ave

abor

tions

late

r

Non-Marital Sexual Partners and Out-of-Wedlock BirthsSource: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, National Survey of Family Growth, 1995

1.71%

16.29%

32.89%

40.02%44.02% 42.66%

49.45% 49.99%47.55%

55.21%

49.89%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Virgin atTime of

FirstMarriage

Had Pre-Marital Sexwith FirstHusband

1 2 3 4 5 6-10. 11-15. 16-20 21+

Number of Lifetime Voluntary Non-Marital Sexual Partners

Perc

ent o

f Sex

ually

Act

ive

Wom

en A

ged

15-4

4 w

ith C

hild

ren

Non-Marital Sexual Partners And Single MotherhoodSource: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, National Survey of Family Growth, 1995

7.09%

30.21%

36.48%38.81%

44.16%

53.07%

48.13% 47.03%50.30%

56.98%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6-10. 11-15. 16-20 21+Number of Lifetime Non-Marital Sexual Partners

Perc

ent o

f Sex

ually

Act

ive

wom

en A

ged

15-4

4 w

ith C

hild

ren


Annual Rejection Ratio: For Every 100 Children Born Sources: CDC/ NCHS report series

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

1998

2000

Divorce

OWB


Charts from “Knot Now”, by Hymowitz, Carroll, Wilcox and Kaye, 2013


Charts from “Knot Now”, by Hymowitz, Carroll, Wilcox and Kaye, 2013



Other Religious and non Religious Groups:

Natural Law,Transcendentals,

Religion.


The Five Basic InstitutionsThe Five Basic InstitutionsFive Basic TasksFive Basic Tasks

ChurchChurch

FamilyFamily

SchoolSchool

GovernmentGovernment MarketMarket

Instrumental Relational


Fundamental CapacitiesFundamental Capacities

ReflectionReflectionSexualitySexuality

IntelligenceIntelligence

Force / Force / BenevolenceBenevolence

WorkWork


Fundamental TasksFundamental TasksOf the IndividualOf the Individual

ChurchChurchFamilyFamily

SchoolSchoolGovGov MarketMarket


Fundamental TasksFundamental TasksOf the CoupleOf the Couple






Fundamental TasksFundamental TasksOf the FamilyOf the Family








Fundamental TasksFundamental TasksOf SocietyOf Society









Couple

Family


Fundamental NeedsFundamental NeedsOf SocietyOf Society

GoodnessGoodness& Meaning& MeaningTo MateTo Mate

& Produce the Next Generation& Produce the Next Generation

To KnowTo Know

SafetySafety& Justice& Justice Material GoodsMaterial Goods


Belonging: Male + Female Belonging: Male + Female

FamilyFamily

Child / AdultChild / Adult

Father Father MotherMother

Society At LargeSociety At Large




Society’s Foundational RelationshipSociety’s Foundational Relationship


The Non-ThrivingThe Non-ThrivingMarriage / Child RelationshipMarriage / Child Relationship


Society’s Foundational RelationshipSociety’s Foundational Relationship


Free To ChooseNot Free to Choose The Consequences


Contact

• [email protected]

• www.MARRI.us/Powerpoints

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

DRAFT ONLY YouMarriage Early Marriage AlternativesConsequences Patrick F. Fagan, Ph.D. Georgetown University April 2013