DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

IPDM06IPDM06EuropeEurope--ChinaChina Conference on Intellectual Property in Digital MediaConference on Intellectual Property in Digital Media

WenWen GaoGao, Huang Tiejun, Huang TiejunAudio & Video coding Standard Working Group of ChinaAudio & Video coding Standard Working Group of China

Institute for Digital Media, Peking UniversityInstitute for Digital Media, Peking UniversityOct. 18, 2006 ShanghaiOct. 18, 2006 Shanghai

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OutlineOutline

DRM Standardization WorldwideDRM Standardization Worldwide

DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

AVS StandardsAVS Standards

DRM Part of AVS StandardsDRM Part of AVS Standards

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Analogue MediaAnalogue Media

Analogue Media Analogue Media –– Content depends on Content depends on MediumMedium

Text and image on paperText and image on paperAV on tape, CD, VCD, DVDAV on tape, CD, VCD, DVDTV on analogue TV on analogue frenquencyfrenquencyMovie on FilmMovie on Film

Content Content exiguity (medium exiguity (medium exiguityexiguity in in fact)fact)isis the core of analogue media the core of analogue media bussinessbussiness

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Digital MediaDigital Media

Content can exist independently Content can exist independently More easy usage without the control of mediumMore easy usage without the control of mediumMore convenient to More convenient to CreatCreat, Process, Delivery and , Process, Delivery and Store contentStore content

Digital Media BusinessDigital Media BusinessMedium cost draw up to zeroMedium cost draw up to zeroCopy cost draw up to zeroCopy cost draw up to zeroDelivery cost draw up to zeroDelivery cost draw up to zeroCopyright royalty should less than that of analogue Copyright royalty should less than that of analogue (more copies possible)(more copies possible)

DRM infrastructure is foundation of Digital DRM infrastructure is foundation of Digital Media BusinessMedia Business

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State of Art State of Art -- IndustryIndustryCE:CE:

CAS (Conditional Access System) for DTV broadcastingCAS (Conditional Access System) for DTV broadcastingCSS (Content Scramble System) for DVDCSS (Content Scramble System) for DVDSDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) for MP3 playerSDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) for MP3 playerDTCP (Digital Transmission Content Protection)DTCP (Digital Transmission Content Protection)CPRM (Content Protection for Removable Media)CPRM (Content Protection for Removable Media)SVP (Secure Video Processor)SVP (Secure Video Processor)HDCP (High Bandwidth Digital Content Protection) HDCP (High Bandwidth Digital Content Protection) AACS (AACS (Advanced Access Content SystemAdvanced Access Content System) for NG) for NG--DVDDVD

IT DRM solution:IT DRM solution:IntertrustIntertrust, , ContentGuardContentGuard etcetcApple DRM for Apple DRM for iPodiPod and and iTunesiTunes ( and Real Helix)( and Real Helix)Microsoft Media DRMMicrosoft Media DRMSun Microsystems Sun Microsystems DReaMDReaM: open source and royalty: open source and royalty--freefree

CE: cooperate under the flag of interoperabilityCE: cooperate under the flag of interoperabilityCoral Consortium: the end of 2004Coral Consortium: the end of 2004Marlin Joint Development Association: start of 2005Marlin Joint Development Association: start of 2005

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State of Art State of Art -- StandardsStandardsMPEG IPMPMPEG IPMP

MPEGMPEG--2 CAS interface to IPMP(Part11)2 CAS interface to IPMP(Part11)MPEGMPEG--4 IPMP (Part 13)4 IPMP (Part 13)MPEGMPEG--21 IPMP21 IPMP

OMA (Open Mobile Alliance)OMA (Open Mobile Alliance)2002, for mobile service2002, for mobile serviceOMA DRM 1.0 ,June 2004OMA DRM 1.0 ,June 2004OMA DRM 2.0 ,Sep. 2005OMA DRM 2.0 ,Sep. 2005CMLA (Content Management Licensing Administrator)CMLA (Content Management Licensing Administrator)

DMP (Digital Media Project)DMP (Digital Media Project)DMM, Sep.,2003, Leonardo ChiariglioneDMM, Sep.,2003, Leonardo ChiariglioneTarget: Target: Interoperable DRM PlatformInteroperable DRM PlatformPhase I specifications (for Portable Audio and Video Devices, Phase I specifications (for Portable Audio and Video Devices, PAVsPAVs))Phase II specifications (for Stationary Audio and Video Devices,Phase II specifications (for Stationary Audio and Video Devices, SAVsSAVs))Phase II Phase II TRUsTRUs (Traditional Rights Usage)(Traditional Rights Usage)

AVS DRM:AVS DRM:Core ProfileCore ProfileIPTV Profile, Broadcasting Profile, Adaptive Profile (OMA,DMP,IPIPTV Profile, Broadcasting Profile, Adaptive Profile (OMA,DMP,IPMP etc.)MP etc.)

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OutlineOutline

DRM Standardization WorldwideDRM Standardization Worldwide

DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

AVS StandardsAVS Standards

DRM Part of AVS StandardsDRM Part of AVS Standards

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Standardization Structure in ChinaStandardization Structure in China

National Standard: managed by SAC National Standard: managed by SAC (Standardization Administration of China)(Standardization Administration of China)Industry Standard: managed by ministries, e.g. Industry Standard: managed by ministries, e.g. MII, SARFT, MOCMII, SARFT, MOCLocal Standard: local government, very few, only Local Standard: local government, very few, only for health or other issues that are special for that for health or other issues that are special for that areaareaCompanies Standard: national and industry Companies Standard: national and industry standard should be followed if there isstandard should be followed if there isInternational Standard can be adopted as International Standard can be adopted as aboveabove--mentioned standardsmentioned standards

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DRM in China: China DRM ForumDRM in China: China DRM ForumA forum initiated by China Central Television and A forum initiated by China Central Television and TsinghuaTsinghuaUniversity in 2004, focus on .University in 2004, focus on .At the beginning of 2006, Digital Right Management Standard At the beginning of 2006, Digital Right Management Standard Drafting Committee was established with the approval of State Drafting Committee was established with the approval of State Administration Radio Film and Television (hereinafter refer as Administration Radio Film and Television (hereinafter refer as ““SARFTSARFT””).).With the main purpose of meeting the requirements of the digitaWith the main purpose of meeting the requirements of the digital l

industry throughout China, the Standard Drafting Committee takesindustry throughout China, the Standard Drafting Committee takesthe responsibility for formulation of technical standards relatethe responsibility for formulation of technical standards related to d to digital right management for content production, content deliverdigital right management for content production, content delivery, y, and home network.and home network.The working results will be submitted for review and approval bThe working results will be submitted for review and approval by y

relevant authority and to publish such standards as industrial relevant authority and to publish such standards as industrial standards, or be submitted directly to the State Authority of Nastandards, or be submitted directly to the State Authority of National tional Standardization to be ratified as China National Standards.Standardization to be ratified as China National Standards.

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DRM in China: IGRSDRM in China: IGRS

IGRS IGRS -- Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing) Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing) working groupworking groupIGRS Standard IGRS Standard -- to enable intelligent grouping, resource to enable intelligent grouping, resource sharing and service collaboration among information sharing and service collaboration among information devices, consumer electronics and communication devices, consumer electronics and communication devices in a limited network domain (wired or wireless), devices in a limited network domain (wired or wireless), to improve the interoperability and usability among these to improve the interoperability and usability among these digital devices, and to create new collaborative digital devices, and to create new collaborative application models for digital devices and maximize the application models for digital devices and maximize the resource usage of each device.resource usage of each device.IGRS and AVS is cooperating on defining the DRM IGRS and AVS is cooperating on defining the DRM specification in limited network domain.specification in limited network domain.

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DRM in China: Conditional AccessDRM in China: Conditional Access

Conditional Access System for digital Conditional Access System for digital television and DRM for mobile phone is television and DRM for mobile phone is also hot topics in China. Typically, they are also hot topics in China. Typically, they are similar with that of worldwide.similar with that of worldwide.

““Separating STB and IC CardSeparating STB and IC Card”” is a is a industrial policy and there are two industrial policy and there are two industrial standards was announcedindustrial standards was announced

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DRM in China: AVSDRM in China: AVS

AVS: Audio Video coding Standard Working Group of AVS: Audio Video coding Standard Working Group of ChinaChinaApproved by the Science and Technology Department of Approved by the Science and Technology Department of Ministry of Information Industry in June 2002Ministry of Information Industry in June 2002AVS=MPEGAVS=MPEG--China (ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29/WG11China China (ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29/WG11China National body)National body)The standardization scope of the working group is to The standardization scope of the working group is to establish the standard for compression, decompression, establish the standard for compression, decompression, manipulation, and display in digital audio and video manipulation, and display in digital audio and video multimedia equipment and systems. This standard multimedia equipment and systems. This standard applies in fields such as highapplies in fields such as high--resolution digital broadcast, resolution digital broadcast, highhigh--density laserdensity laser--digital storage media, wireless digital storage media, wireless broadband multimedia communication, and Internet broadband multimedia communication, and Internet broadband stream media. broadband stream media.

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OutlineOutline

DRM Standardization WorldwideDRM Standardization Worldwide

DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

AVS StandardsAVS Standards

DRM Part of AVS StandardsDRM Part of AVS Standards

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Video MonitoringVideo Monitoring

Optical Media IndustryOptical Media Industry

Video ConferenceVideo Conference

Internet Steaming Media Internet Steaming Media

3G Video Communication3G Video Communication

Digital TVDigital TVHeadHead--EndEnd--TV StationTV Station--Network ProvidersNetwork Providers--ICPICP--…………

End UsersEnd Users--TVTV--SetSet--on Boxon Box--PCPC--Mobile Mobile --…………

AVSAVSAVS Chip / SoftwareAVS Chip / Software

Device ManufacturersDevice Manufacturers

Tech. / PatentTech. / Patent

DRM in China: AVSDRM in China: AVS

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AVS ScheduleAVS Schedule

2006.32006.32006.1TBDAVS1AVS1--P9 File formatP9 File format

2006.32005.122005.92005.3TBDAVS1AVS1--P8 AVS over IPP8 AVS over IP

2006.42005.92005.62005.320051309-T-339AVS1AVS1--P7 Mobile VideoP7 Mobile Video--stage2stage2

2006.62005.122005.320051308-T-339AVS1AVS1--P7 Mobile VideoP7 Mobile Video--stage1stage1

2006.62005.122005.320051307-T-339AVS1AVS1--P6 Digital Media Rights P6 Digital Media Rights ManagementManagement

2006.320051306-T-339AVS1AVS1--P5 Reference softwareP5 Reference software

2007.122007.92007.62006.1220051305-T-339AVS1AVS1--P4 ConformanceP4 Conformance

2006.42005.122005.122005.920051305-T-339AVS1AVS1--P3 AudioP3 Audio--5.1 profile5.1 profile

2006.42005.122005.32004.1220051305-T-339AVS1AVS1--P3 AudioP3 Audio--Stereo profileStereo profile

2006.122006.92006.32005.920032265-T-339AVS1AVS1--P2 VideoP2 Video--Extend profileExtend profile

2006.22004.82004.42003.122003.1020032265-T-339AVS1AVS1--P2 VideoP2 Video--JiZhunJiZhun ProfileProfile

2004.82004.42003.122003.1020051304-T-339AVS1AVS1--P1 System for P1 System for broadcastingbroadcasting

National Draft (GB)

Final Draft (FD)

Final CD (FCD)

CommitteeDraft (CD)

Working Draft (WD)

SN of National Std. Plan

AVS Part

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Advantage of AVSAdvantage of AVS

Clear IP and lower costClear IP and lower costCombine public knowledge and new technology Combine public knowledge and new technology (include patents)(include patents)Amount of essential patents is less than half of that in Amount of essential patents is less than half of that in international standardsinternational standardsMost patents in AVS are contributed by local Most patents in AVS are contributed by local members (contribution from out of China is increasing)members (contribution from out of China is increasing)Make lower royalty fee possible ( e.g. 1 RMB per Make lower royalty fee possible ( e.g. 1 RMB per decoder )decoder )

Advanced compression efficiencyAdvanced compression efficiencySimilar performance with international standard Similar performance with international standard (H.264/MPEG(H.264/MPEG--4 AVC)4 AVC)

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Advantage of AVS (cont.)Advantage of AVS (cont.)

Lower complexityLower complexityComputationComputation

•• AVS video vs. H.264 : 70% for decoder, 30% for encoderAVS video vs. H.264 : 70% for decoder, 30% for encoder

MemoryMemoryBandwidthBandwidth

WellWell--defined applicationsdefined applicationsDifferent part for broadcasting and communicationDifferent part for broadcasting and communicationMake standard adoption and implementation simple Make standard adoption and implementation simple and clearand clear

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AVS ApplicationsAVS Applications

TV ApplicationsTV ApplicationsIPTVIPTVHD & SD TV: Satellite, terrestrial, cable etc.HD & SD TV: Satellite, terrestrial, cable etc.Storage AV playersStorage AV playersHighHigh--Definition TV (2008 Olympics milestone)Definition TV (2008 Olympics milestone)

Portable ApplicationsPortable ApplicationsDigital Multimedia broadcasting Digital Multimedia broadcasting Mobile TV: killer application for 3GMobile TV: killer application for 3GPortable Multimedia PlayersPortable Multimedia Players

Long Chain:Long Chain:ChipChip--softwaresoftware--devicedevice--operatingoperating--contentcontent

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OutlineOutline

DRM Standardization WorldwideDRM Standardization Worldwide

DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

AVS StandardsAVS Standards

DRM Part of AVS StandardsDRM Part of AVS Standards

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3 Design Principles: Minimum Principle3 Design Principles: Minimum Principle

Define the features that AVS decoder Define the features that AVS decoder have to satisfy according to the have to satisfy according to the requirement about rights management.requirement about rights management.An AVS decoder being conformable with An AVS decoder being conformable with AVS DRM is referred to as AVS Trusted AVS DRM is referred to as AVS Trusted Decoder (ATD).Decoder (ATD).ATD replays digital audio and video ATD replays digital audio and video programs according to the rights claim of programs according to the rights claim of the content provider.the content provider.

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3 Design Principles3 Design Principles : : Maximum PrincipleMaximum Principle

Try to satisfy the requirements of various Try to satisfy the requirements of various application environments and business application environments and business modelsmodels

AVS DRM should assign strong AVS DRM should assign strong interoperability to ATD with the content interoperability to ATD with the content providing system, the licensing system providing system, the licensing system and the rendering system.and the rendering system.

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3 Design Principles3 Design Principles : Innovation Principle: Innovation Principle

Specify synchronously with the audio and video Specify synchronously with the audio and video coding parts.coding parts.Accommodate new technical features in the Accommodate new technical features in the architecture to provide stronger security, lower architecture to provide stronger security, lower complexity and more flexibility.complexity and more flexibility.One example is the rights can be put on AV One example is the rights can be put on AV compressed stream based on its syntax or compressed stream based on its syntax or semantic structure to make the content can be semantic structure to make the content can be rendered partly to users without license but fully rendered partly to users without license but fully rendered to users with license. rendered to users with license.

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AVSAVS是数字内容标准是数字内容标准

信道编码：数字化道路信道编码：数字化道路--S, S, --C, C, --T, MMDST, MMDS…………IP, WirelessIP, Wireless

信源编码：数字化内容信源编码：数字化内容文字编码：文字编码：

音视频编码：所有音视频系统共同需要的音视频编码：所有音视频系统共同需要的•• 标准清晰度数字视频超过标准清晰度数字视频超过200Mbps200Mbps，，高清晰度视频超过高清晰度视频超过

1Gbps1Gbps，，关键是数字音视频的压缩关键是数字音视频的压缩

•• 数字音视频要在消费电子产品中得到应用，必须采用先进的压数字音视频要在消费电子产品中得到应用，必须采用先进的压缩编码算法进行大幅度压缩。缩编码算法进行大幅度压缩。

•• 反映压缩效率的压缩比也就成为数字电视乃至数字音视频产业反映压缩效率的压缩比也就成为数字电视乃至数字音视频产业的的““基本指数基本指数””。。

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Architecture and ATDArchitecture and ATD

AVS Trust Decoder Packaging Adaptation

Rendering Adaptation

Content Providing System

Licensing System

Media data

PAL Packaged

Media Analog output

Rendering System

Authentication decrypt encrypt RAL

decode Reconstruction

Licensing Adaptation

LAL

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Benefits of ATDBenefits of ATD

Support multiple operating modelSupport multiple operating modelBroadcastingBroadcastingInteractiveInteractiveOffOff--linelineA STB support multiple AV servicesA STB support multiple AV services

For broadcasting, supportsFor broadcasting, supportsProtect CWProtect CWNonNon--IC Card is okIC Card is okSupport STB and IC Card banding Support STB and IC Card banding Security outputSecurity output

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GB 20090.6 ProfilesGB 20090.6 ProfilesFinalized profiles: Finalized profiles:

Core profile (Core profile (i.ei.e, ATD), ATD)Broadcasting profileBroadcasting profileIPTV profileIPTV profile

Domain

Profile

Storage

Profile

IPTVProfile

Broadcasting

AdaptationProfile

AVS CoreProfile

Under developed: Under developed: Storage Profile: Optical or Portable deviceStorage Profile: Optical or Portable deviceDomain Profile: home, SOHO networkDomain Profile: home, SOHO networkAdaptation Profile: Interoperability with other Adaptation Profile: Interoperability with other DRMsDRMs

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OutlineOutline

DRM Standardization WorldwideDRM Standardization Worldwide

DRM Standardization in ChinaDRM Standardization in China

AVS StandardsAVS Standards

DRM Part of AVS StandardsDRM Part of AVS Standards

ThanksThanks

AVS Official Website AVS Official Website -- http://www.avs.org.cnhttp://www.avs.org.cn