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8/17/2019 DSA Driving Syllabus.pdf
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All the material in this publication is copyright
© Copyright of The Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO, 26 March 2010
Driving Standards Agency
Safe and Responsible Driving
(Cat B)
Syllabus V1.0.0
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Contents
Introduction 1
Syllabus at a glance 2
Aim of the syllabus 2
Who is this syllabus for? 2
DSA Learning to Drive units 2
How to use this syllabus 3
Unit 1: Preparing a car/light van and its occupants for a journey 4
Unit aim 4
Learning outcomes 4
Unit content 5
Unit 2: Guide and control a car/light van 16Unit aim 16
Learning outcomes 16
Unit content 17
Unit 3: Driving a car/light van in accordance with the Highway Code 300
Unit aim 300
Learning outcomes 300
Unit content 311
Unit 4: Safe and responsible driving 355
Unit aim 355
Learning outcomes 355
Unit content 366
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Introducing the Safe and Responsible Driving Syllabus - A message from theChief Driving Examiner
The Safe and Responsible Driving Syllabus sets out an approach to training drivers inthe skills, knowledge and understanding required to be a safe and responsible driver of
a Category B vehicle. It is based on the DSA’s National Driving Standard and will
contribute to DSA’s overall objective of reducing the number of people who are killedand seriously injured on our roads by describing good practice in the field of driver
training as well as providing a benchmark for performance in underpinning lifelongdriver development.
It will be of use to trainers, driving schools, individuals, employers, Sector SkillsCouncils and standards setting bodies, regulatory authorities and awarding bodies,
education and training providers and producers of learning materials.
The Safe and Responsible Driving Syllabus relies on the body of research andconsultation which provides a firm foundation for the National Standard for Driving. We
hope it will also provide a bridge between the work of the DSA, the standard settingorganisation for safe and responsible driving, and the providers of driving related
vocational qualifications.
In line with our philosophy of safe driving for life, DSA recognises that the Safe andResponsible Driving Syllabus will evolve and develop over time. We also recognise
that, in a world of client-centred learning there will be many different, but equally valid,ways to deliver the desired learning outcomes. We will be engaging with our key
stakeholders to ensure that this syllabus remains up-to-date and brings together
examples of best-practice teaching and training.
TREVOR WEDGEChief Driving Examiner and Director of Safer Driving
N.B. The word ‘vehicle’ has been used in the text to cover all types of cars and lightvans included in Category B
N.B Anybody wish ing to undertake training in any element of this Syllabus mustensure that they fully comply with all legal requirements.
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The Syllabus at a glance
Aim of the syllabus
This Learning to Drive syllabus is based on the DSA’s Safe and Responsible Driving(Cat B) StandardTM © and provides the basis for the Learning to Drive training process.
It aims to provide a structured approach to acquiring the skills, knowledge andunderstanding to be a safe and responsible road-user in this class of vehicle.
Drivers who fully engage with the programme of study and training that this syllabus
supports will be able to demonstrate:
their knowledge and understanding of the theory of safe driving
their ability to apply their theoretical knowledge and understanding while driving
their ability to reflect on their own driving performance and to recognise the
need to take remedial action if appropriate
Who is this syl labus for?
This syllabus is intended to provide information for:
the learner (provisional and full licence holders)
the trainer.*
*All references in this syllabus to trainer include approved driving instructors (ADIs) andany competent/ qualified person supporting the learner.
DSA Learning to Drive units
This syllabus is made up of four units, which are listed below.
Unit 1: Preparing a car/light van and its occupants for a journey
Unit 2: Guide and control a car/light vanUnit 3: Driving a car/light van in accordance with the Highway Code
Unit 4: Safe and responsible driving
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How to use this syllabus
The syllabus is divided into nominally free-standing units. However, the underpinningresearch indicates that the process of learning to drive safely and responsibly needs to
be approached in a joined up way if it is to be successful. Therefore it is important that
drivers and trainers do not see these units as ‘boxes’ that can be ‘ticked-off’ one-by-one, and in isolation. While the route taken through the material by each learner may
differ it is important that learners and trainers all understand that a driver can only besaid to be competent when they understand how the content of the units fits togetherand is mutually supportive.
Each unit is broken down in the following way
Unit aim
- which contextualises the unit, and gives an indication of the areas to be covered
and why this is important in the lifelong learning-to-drive process.
Learning outcomes
- which provides a brief overview of what the learning outcome will be as a result ofstudying the unit.
What you need to be able to do
- to demonstrate that you have achieved the learning outcomes.
What you need to know and understand
- to enable you to demonstrate achievement of the learning outcomes.
Illustrative guidance for trainers
- which provides illustrative guidance for trainers to help them understand more fullywhat it is that each element of the syllabus is trying to achieve and how that could
be tackled in the training process.
Supporting Documentation
This syllabus is based on the DSA Safe and Responsible Driving (Cat B) StandardTM
which is © copyright of The Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO, 2008, and isavailable at www.dsa.gov.uk.
Detailed information can also be obtained from the following publications:
Department for Transport – The Official Highway Code (Revised 2007 edition)(TSO, 2007) ISBN: 9780115528149
Driving Standards Agency Learning Materials – The Official DSA Guide to Driving –
The Essential Skills (TSO, 2008) ISBN: 9780115528170
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Unit 1: Preparing a car/light van and itsoccupants for a journey
Unit aim
The overall aim of this unit is that a driver should be able to come to an informed
judgement about whether they, their passengers and their vehicle are fit to undertake a
particular journey
This unit explores how a driver’s physical and psychological state, the physical and
psychological state of any passengers and the roadworthiness of their vehicle can be
contributory factors in the causes of crashes. It will ensure that the driver has theknowledge to assess their own fitness and their passenger’s fitness and can check that
their vehicle is safe to drive.
The unit will help the driver understand the issues involved in carrying passengers,loads and animals safely and securely and how to mitigate the risks that this can
generate.
The final learning outcome focuses on the importance of planning a journey beforesetting off, taking account of road, traffic and weather conditions as well as the driver’s
own fitness and that of their passengers.
The underlying challenge of the unit is to address the attitudes and misunderstandingsthat prevent drivers acting on the knowledge and understanding that they have.
Learning outcomes
Learning outcome
On completion of this unit you will:
LO1: Understand when you are physically and psychologically fit to drive and
recognise when you are not fit to drive
LO2: Understand the responsib ilities of drivers regarding their car/light van andthe law
LO3: Know how to control the risks associated with carrying passengers, loadsand animals
LO4: Know how to plan a journey using appropriate transport
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Unit content
Learningoutcome
What you need to be able to do What you need to know and understand
LO1
Understandwhen you arephysically and
psychologically
fit to drive andrecognise when
you are not fit todrive
Understand the negative impact ofdrugs on your ability to drive safelyand responsibly performance
Make alternative travelarrangements when performance
will be impaired by drugs
Know the implications of driving under the influenc
of drugs
Know how to recognise the symptoms of drugimpairment.
Know and understand the law relating to drivingwhile under the influence of drugs
Understand the possible effects of illegal, over the
counter and prescribed medication on your physicaand mental ability
Understand how different medications, which haveno negative impact individually, can combine to
produce negative effects.
Understand that it is not always possible to predictwhen the effects of a drug have disappeared from
the driver’s system.
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LO2 (cont) Check vehicle is prepared for you toundertake the journey
If vehicle is new to you, familiariseyourself with its layout,
instruments and controls
Make adjustments to ensure that
you can drive it in a safe andcomfortable way with good allround visibility as appropriate
Check there is sufficient fuel
Ensure vehicle has basic carmaintenance equipment, forexample spare wheel, jack
Know and understand the layout, instruments andcontrols of the vehicle you are about to use
Know where to look to identify the appropriate type
of fuel for the vehicle, for example vehicledocumentation and filler cap signage, e.g. fuel type
tank capacity, size of reserve tank etc, as set out in
the vehicle handbook, each time you buy or hire anew vehicle
Know how to familiarise yourself with a new vehiclee.g. seating adjustments, instrument panel, gears,width, height and length, handling, brakes/ABS,
ancillary controls such as cruise control control)
Understand the role of the reserve level indicatorfor low fuel (petrol/diesel)
Know where basic maintenance equipment is
located and how it can be accessed in case of
breakdown.
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LO2 (cont) Make sure documentation relating toyourself as a driver and to your
vehicle meets legal requirements
Ensure driver licence is valid andsigned for the category of vehicle
being driven
Ensure that you have validinsurance for the vehicle youintend to use and the
circumstances in which you intend
to use it
Ensure vehicle registration andvehicle tax are up to date and taxdisc is displayed appropriately in
vehicle
Ensure that the vehicle has a
current MOT certificate (whereapplicable)
Understand that you must have a valid, signeddriving licence and be aware of any restrictions tha
may be applicable, for example provisionalentitlement, the ability to tow a trailer, drive amanual car etc.
Know that you must display red L plates (red D
plates in Wales) if you are a learner driverKnow where to check the licence category
entitlement and renewal date of your driving licencwhich is separate from your entitlement end date
Know that you must inform the DVLA if your nameaddress or medical condition changes.
Understand the importance of keeping the vehicleRegistration Document up to date and the owner’sresponsibility to ensure that the DVLA are notified
of any change of ownership
Understand the Statutory Off-Road Notification(SORN) obligations
Know how to apply for, and the various channels oapplication for, a vehicle tax disc including renewaand when and where to display the disc
Understand when an MOT test certificate is
required
Know the requirement for valid and legal insurancecertificate covering at least third party liability
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LO2 (cont) Understand the factors affecting the cost ofinsurance (for example make of vehicle,
performance, engine capacity, age of driver, drivinrecord, geographical area of driving, purpose ofdriving such as personal or business use)
Know that if asked you must be able to produce
your driving licence, valid insurance certificate andMOT certificate (if applicable) – if not immediately
then within seven days to the Police
Did you know?
Learner drivers must hold a valid provisionallicence and be supervised by someone at least 21
years old who has held a licence in that category ovehicle for a minimum of 3 years.
LO3
Know how to
control the risks
associated withcarrying
passengers,loads andanimals
Make sure that passengers do notimpact adversely on your ability to
drive safely and responsibly
Understand how passengers can distract a driverand interfere with their ability to drive safely and
responsibly
Understand that a passenger, who is taking drugs,who is drunk or whose physical capabilities are
impaired in any way may represent anunacceptable risk to you and other road users andbe able to take appropriate action to mitigate that
risk.
Know how to communicate safely with passengersif necessary..
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LO3 (cont) Allow for additional or differentvehicle characteristics when
carrying passengers or a load
Manage the effect of additionalweight and its distribution
Manage the effect of reduced
visibility
Understand the different vehicle characteristicswhich can affect the carriage of passengers or a
load, for example cornering and acceleration, thebraking characteristics of a fully laden older vehiclecompared to a modern vehicle with ABS.
Know how to manage the effects of carrying
passengers or loads e.g. by adjusting tyrepressures
Know how to maximise visibility when carryingpassengers or loads.
Ensure animals are secure andrestrained within the vehicle
Ensure that animals in the vehicle
have sufficient air and are notsubjected to extremes of
temperature
Know how to secure animals safely andappropriately
Understand the particular risks that animals pose
for drivers e.g. interfering with control of thevehicle, causing distractions or becoming a
physical hazard if it is necessary to brake suddenly
Understand the conditions animals need whenbeing carried in vehicles (including when left in a
vehicle) for example adequate ventilation, out of
direct sunlight etc.
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Unit 2: Guide and control a car/light van
Unit aim
This unit focuses on guiding and controlling the vehicle according to road, traffic andweather conditions. The learner will find out how to complete manoeuvres and then be
expected to carry them out safely and under control. Manoeuvres include moving off
safely, using instrumentation to respond to different environments, accelerating andbraking procedures, steering, using the gears correctly, manoeuvring the car andcoordinating the use of different controls. Although the learner may not experience
towing a trailer or caravan they will learn the principles behind doing it.
Learning outcomes
Learning outcome
On completion of this unit you will:
LO1: Understand that learning to drive is an ongoing learning experience
LO2: Be able to start, move-off, stop and leave a car/light van safely andappropriately
LO3: Be able to drive and manoeuvre a car/light van safely on different road
surfaces and in different weather conditions
LO4: Know how to tow a trailer/caravan
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Unit content
Learning
outcomeWhat you need to be able to do What you need to know and understand
LO1
Understand that
learning to driveis an ongoinglearning
experience
Keep up-to-date with changingrules and regulations
Recognise changes in self andsurrounding environment
Maintain ongoing self-evaluationof driving performance and adjust
in response to changes in self andsurrounding environment
Seek additional driving
development when appropriate
Know how to access most up-to-date informationon rules and regulations relating to driving and the
use of your vehicle.
Understand the importance of remaining up-to-datincluding your responsibilities as a driver, for
example any directives relating to driving at work
Understand that ongoing reflection and self-evaluation is required to stay safe on the road.
Know how to effectively self-evaluate your ownskills, attitudes and behaviour in relation to driving.
Know how to recognise changes in self andsurrounding environment, such as physical andpsychological changes, and adjust appropriately,for example when driving abroad, aging and
responding to aggression from other road users.
Understand the importance of ongoing driverdevelopment in supporting safe driving.
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LO2
Be able to start,
move off, stopand leave a
car/light vansafely andappropriately
Carry out pre-start checks, inaccordance with the vehiclehandbook and ensure the vehicle
is secure and safe to start
Consider the effects of starting theengine on vulnerable road users
Know your responsibilities and understand the
importance of carrying out the appropriate checks
prior to starting the engine.
Understand why it is important to have the vehicle
secured and the transmission disengaged whenstarting the engine.
Know who vulnerable road users are when starting
the engine, for example elderly
pedestrians/children nearby or closely passingcyclists or motorcyclists
Monitor instrumentation and
gauges throughout engine start up
Correctly respond to
instrumentation and gaugesthroughout engine start up
Know how to use the vehicle manual to identify the
main visual aids on the instrument panel, forexample oil warning light, revolutions counter,
parking brake etc. and how these operate during
start-up
Understand icons may be set out differently in othe
vehicles.
Understand what action to take in the event thatany warning light stays on or fails to come on.
Start engine using appropriatemethod
Know different methods of starting vehicles, forexample key, push button, card etc.
Switch lights on, if required Know how to use the vehicle handbook to identify
and operate light switches in your vehicle.
Know when you would use the vehicle lights, forexample dipped and full head lights and front and
rear fog lights.
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LO2 (Cont) Move off safely and smoothly
move off smoothly whilstmaintaining control
check brakes when first moving off
recover quickly and effectively ifcar stalls
only move off when it is safe to doso, taking all round effective
observations to include blind areas
move off safely and under controlat an angle from behind a parked
vehicle or obstruction
consider risks to ‘vulnerable’ roadusers.
Understand the use of the ‘biting point’ whenreleasing the clutch pedal in co-ordination with the
accelerator pedal where appropriate
Understand the use of the footbrake when on adownward incline.
Understand the importance of a rolling brake checwhen first moving off.
Understand what causes an engine to stall andknow how to rectify safely and effectively.
Know how to make effective observations including
knowing the location of any blind spots and how tocheck they are clear before moving away.
Understand the importance of using a safe and
systematic routine when intending to move off e.g.observations and appropriate signals
Be able to coordinate the controls to move off
safely and under control in different situations.
Understand who may be particularly ‘vulnerable’ tobeing startled, or in the worst case, injured when
you move-off, e.g. the elderly, deaf or partiallysighted etc
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Stop and leave vehicle parked
stop the vehicle in safe, legal andconvenient position
use the parking brake to securethe vehicle
switch off engine and ancillary
controls
if appropriate, select a gear that
makes sure vehicle is safe whenparked and the engine is turned
off (include park position forautomatic transmission vehicles)
if appropriate position the steering
wheels of the vehicle to increasesecurity when parked on a
gradient
Leave the vehicle secured
Understand the importance of selecting a safe,legal and convenient stopping location and
applying the parking brake before leaving the
vehicle
Understand the importance of using a safe and
systematic routine when intending to stop thevehicle e.g. observations and appropriate signals
Understand why you must switch off your
headlights, fog lights and engine when parking.
Understand the consequences of opening a doorwhen not safe to do so.
Understand how positioning of the steering wheels
can assist in ensuring the vehicle is secure on agradient
Understand the importance of leaving the vehicle
secured, for example luggage out of sight, doorslocked, applying any additional security measures
(such as anti-theft devices, alarm and/orimmobiliser and visible security devices)
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Operate the accelerator smoothlyand effectively to maintain and
change speed
Understand the adverse impact on your ability todrive safely and the potential consequences of
erratic or excessive use of the accelerator,
especially in slow moving traffic
Understand the adverse impact on the environmen
of inappropriate use of the accelerator, e.g.excessive production of harmful emissions orexcessive noise.
Know when it may be appropriate to allow the
engine to over run by not using the accelerator.
Understand the use of cruise control systems and
their benefits to the environment and potential
adverse effects such as driver fatigue and safety
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LO3 (Cont) Operate brakes effectively
brake safely using appropriate
braking techniques
stop accurately as and where
necessary
make appropriate use of theparking brake (
stop the vehicle in an emergencysafely and under control
Know how much pressure to apply to the brakes in
varying road and traffic conditions.
Understand the principles of varying brakingsystems, for example anti-lock, and know how to
brake effectively.Understand how overall stopping distances varywith different speeds and road and weather
conditions and are broken into thinking distance
and braking distance.
Understand the importance of looking well ahead t
be able to stop within the area you can see to be
clear.
Understand the physical and dynamic implications
of braking on bends
Know how to stop the vehicle as quickly and assafely as possible in an emergency
Did you know?
All sorts of vehicles can aquaplane. Aquaplaning
results from driving too fast on wet roads and canresult in total loss of steering control.
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LO3 (cont) Use gears correctly
change gears smoothly and in goodtime
use a suitable gear for speed anddriving conditions
use automatic gear box effectively if
fitted
Understand the use of gears to progress safelyand efficiently in a variety of conditions and with
varying engines.
Understand and demonstrate selective gear(block) changing in relation to vehicle speed and
road and traffic conditions.Understand the environmental impact ofinappropriate use of gears
Understand the effect of vehicle loading and
timely gear selection when ascending anddescending gradients
Understand the use of gear selection when
leaving the vehicle parked on a gradient
Understand the use of ‘kick down’ to the nextlowest gear on vehicles with automatic
transmission
Understand the use of ‘lock up’ on automatictransmissions
Manual drive cars involving clutch operationonly
Know how and when to use the clutch around thebiting point to vary very slow pace of the vehicle
for tight control.
Know how to use of the clutch to enable smooth
operation when moving away, changing gears orstopping
Understand the problems of not fully releasing thclutch or “riding the clutch” during normal driving
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LO3 (Cont) Manoeuvre car/light van (cont)
perform reverse parking correctlywithin controlled parameters with
due regard to other road users andawareness of blind areas
turn in road correctly withincontrolled parameters with dueregard for other road users and
awareness of blind areas
Know the correct procedure for safely carrying ouany reverse parking exercise on road and off
road, for example how much space is required if
parking on the road
Know the correct procedure for safely carrying ou
a turn in the roadUnderstand why you should not reverse yourvehicle further than necessary
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LO4
Know how totow a
trailer/caravan
Safely tow trailer/caravan
Correctly and safely couple anduncouple a trailer/caravan
ensure load is evenly distributedand secure
allow more time and brake earlier
when slowing down or stopping
allow sufficiently more distance and
time to overtake safely
make allowances for extra length ofvehicles, particularly when turning
or emerging at junctions
Know the rules and regulations regarding towingtrailers/caravans and the specific nose weight an
compatibility of your towing vehicle.
Know how to carry out safe procedures whenuncoupling and re-coupling a caravan/trailer to
include additional mirrors as and when required.Know how to load and secure the trailer/caravansafely, understand the changes in vehicle
handling characteristics and how to compensate
for them when towing a trailer or caravan.
Understand the importance of checking whether
height and width restrictions apply to the intended
route
Understand how your ability to make effective
observations may be affected by towing a
trailer/caravan and understand the strategies forovercoming any problems caused.
Understand how to safely and correctlynegotiate junctions/turnings and roundabouts
taking into account the increased dimensions andchanged geometry of the combined units. Know
how to prepare for the unexpected, for examplethe requirement to carry spare wheels and any
other necessary equipment for the trailer andwhether rescue service cover will include a trailer
Safely steer a trailer/caravan in reverse. Understand the principles of steering when
reversing a trailer/caravan.
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Unit 3: Driving a car/light van in accordance with the
Highway Code
Unit aimThe aim of this unit is to help you understand why it is important to comply with the
Highway Code and the potential consequences of not doing so. The ultimateconsequence is loss of life either for the driver, the passenger, other road users or the
pedestrian. You will be encouraged to reflect on your own attitudes about the use of the
Highway Code and how it influences your behaviour when you are driving.
The unit also requires you to know the traffic signs and signals that you will encounter
when driving, understand what to do when you see these signals and then be able to
put that knowledge and understanding into practice.
Learning outcomesLearning outcome
On completion of this unit you will:
LO1: Be able to negotiate the road correctly in relation to changing road andtraffic conditions
LO2: Be able to comply with signals, signage, markings and traffic calming
measures
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Unit content
Learning
outcomeWhat you need to be able to do What you need to know and understand
LO1 Be able to
negotiate theroad safely and
responsibly inrelation to
changing roadand trafficconditions
Negotiate junctions/roundabouts and
join and leave streams of movingtraffic safely
Carry out procedures safely andcorrectly when negotiating
junctions
Interact safely and appropriatelywith other road users
Turn left/right and go ahead
correctly
Cross the path of oncoming trafficsafely when turning right
Negotiate cross roads correctly
Negotiate roundabouts correctly
Emerge into the traffic stream
correctly from both left and rightsides
Understand the issues faced when negotiating the
various types of junctions and the rules that applyin each case e.g. T junctions, Y junctions,
staggered junctions, crossroads and roundabouts.
Know how to go ahead, turn left and right safely at
junctions/roundabouts
Understand the importance of a safe andsystematic routine at junctions and roundabouts
e.g. effective observation and appropriate signallin
of intentions
Know how to join and leave streams of moving
traffic via controlled and uncontrolledacceleration/deceleration lanes
Know how to cross the path of approaching traffic
safely
Understand the importance of showing awarenessand consideration to vulnerable road users When
negotiating junctions etc.
Understand why some road users positiondifferently at junctions/roundabouts
Understand how the operation of Active TrafficManagement systems may effect the operation ofparticular junctions /lanes
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LO1 (cont) Maintain correct position on theroad
Keep to the left in normal driving,
unless otherwise dictated
Use correct lane
Maintain correct position in lane
Change lane safely andresponsibly when necessary
Understand the importance of maintaining a correcroad position when driving ahead and when
negotiating bends
Understand the importance of lane discipline andappropriate lane selection and use, including one
way streetsKnow how to make effective observations andsignal intentions clearly and in good time before
changing lanes
Understand the risk factors to take into accountwhen judging approach speed and positioning on
bends (for example type and conditions of the road
Know that you must not enter a road, lane or otherroute reserved for trams
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LO2 (cont) Comply with signals given by others
Comply with signals given by anyauthorised persons including
police officers, traffic wardens,school crossing wardens,
Highways Agency Traffic Officersand VOSA officials
Respond appropriately to signals
given by other road users
Know who has authority to stop or direct you onthe road and understand their arm signals.
Understand the importance of stopping when a
school crossing patrol shows a ‘stop for children’sign
Understand the signals given by other road usersand be aware of potential misunderstandings.
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Unit content
Learningoutcome
What you need to be able to do What you need to know and understand
LO1
Be able tointeract safelyand responsibly
with other road
users in varyingroad and traffic
conditions
Communicate intentions to other road
users
Give timely, clear and correctsignals according to the Highway
Code
Position vehicle appropriately tosupport signal intention
Use horn and lights correctly as ameans of communication to otherroad users
Avoid displaying aggressive or
negative behaviour towards otherroad users
Understand the correct use of all signals according
to the Highway Code and know when they need to
be given
Understand the importance of ensuring signals are
cancelled appropriately
Know how to link the use of signals to theapplication of a safe and systematic system such
as the Mirrors – Signal – Manoeuvre routine
Understand how positioning of the vehicle canreinforce or contradict the signals you are giving.
Know the rules governing the use of the horn and
headlights as an appropriate means of warning.
Know how and when to use hazard warning lightswhere fitted and the rules governing their use.
Understand how inappropriate behaviour orresponses on the part of the driver can lead tofurther inappropriate responses and behaviour by
other road users
Know how to manage your own behaviour whiledriving to avoid aggressive or negative behaviour
towards other road users and to minimise
aggressive or negative behaviour towards you
Know that demonstrating courtesy and restraint
can have a positive effect on others
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LO1 (cont) Cooperate with other road users
Allow for others’ mistakes
Monitor and manage own reactionto other road users
Show awareness and anticipation
of other road users and give themsufficient time and space on theroad
Make progress in the traffic stream
when safe and appropriate
Identify and respond to vulnerableroad users correctly
Respond to emergency vehiclesappropriately
Understand how awareness and anticipation ofother road users, and a positive response, can
contribute to a safe driving environment.
Know when and where it is appropriate to makeprogress and understand how failing to do so can
lead to negative behaviours in other road users.
Understand the importance of allowing other roadusers the time and space they need in varying road
and traffic conditions, for example when overtaking
Understand the particular needs of road userswhose ability to manoeuvre is limited in some way,e.g. by disability or age or lack of experience
Know how to respond appropriately whenemergency vehicles are on call and how to assisttheir safe progress where possible whether
approaching from behind, ahead or from side road
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Did you know?
Research has proved that a driver’s level of
attention is at least as badly affected by using a
mobile phone as it is by drinking.
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LO2 (cont) Follow principles of eco-safe driving
Remove excess weight including
roof rack/storage from vehicle
when not needed
Plan well ahead
Accelerate, decelerate and brakesmoothly and progressively tominimise fuel consumption
Use the highest gear appropriate
to the road and traffic conditions
Use cruise control, where andwhen appropriate
Make appropriate decisions aboutthe use of ancillary equipment
Turn engine off, when appropriate
Understand why you should not put eco-drivingtechniques above safe driving principles
Understand how carrying unnecessary equipment
or luggage such as roof top boxes can increasefuel consumption
Know how to forward plan (linked to the early
identification of hazards to avoid harsh acceleratioand braking).
Understand the importance of the smooth
application of all controls, for example smoothacceleration, minimising unnecessary revving.
Understand the environmental benefits of using the
highest gear possible and recognise when tochange down to avoid engine labour
Know the benefits of using cruise control to
minimise fuel consumption. Additionally how
appropriate engine braking can benefit fuelconsumption/wear and tear
Know the effects of ancillary equipment on fuelconsumption, for example air conditioning, heatedwindscreens etc.
Know when it is appropriate to turn the engine off,
for example at a level crossing, traffic queues.
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