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E-governance: Why and How
By
Dr T.H. CHOWDARY** Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies
Chairman: Pragna Bharati (intellect India )Former: Chairman & Managing Director
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited &Information Technology Advisor, Government of Andhra Pradesh
T: +91(40) 6667-1191/ 2784-6137(O) 2784-3121®F: +91 (40) 6667-1111, 2789-6103
[email protected]@satyam.com
Talk @ OU Staff College 29.8.2007
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 2
Why e- Governance (1/2)
Governments (Union & State) are collecting and spending 30% of our GDPThere are schemes on which upto Rs. 100,000 crores were spent but not completed even after 5 to 10 yearsComptroller & Accountant General of India is writing history after history of waste and non-productive outlays Computerised MIS on nation-wide telecom network
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 3
Why e-governance (2/2)
Least efficient, economic & transparentEg: Projects in progress for 10 to 25 yrs –
$ 25 bln unproductively locked up
25 mln homes claimed to have been built for 75 mln people in AP alone! 100% must be living in Govt Built houses!
13 mln. White ration cards for families below poverty line (80% of Population)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 4
The Cost of Delay: Rs. 50,000 cr.
Total Projects 742 ( 216 hit by cost overrun)
Railways Power Atomic Energy
Urban Development
Coal Petroleum
No. of Projects
256 62 10 18 100 30
Projects hit by cost overrun
149 9 2 4 13 13
Original cost (Rs. crores)
25,175 3,527 3,527 4,976 529 24,406
Extent of cost overrun
91.5% 87.7% 87.7% 115.9% 52.2% 29.6%
(Source: Indian Express 31/8/2006)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 5
Why E-Goverannce –“Socialism” at work
Subsidies ( $ 6.2 bln. on food, kerosene & sugar and
$ 4.5 bln on other items)
Telephones: Apply, Apply – No Reply
Government officials: Labour-lordism; Babu-bossism
Insectification of citizen
Sale of Information
Move from office to office again & again
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 6
Why E- Governance-Revenues Rise (1)
Taxes increase; Projects Multiply; so do offices
Poverty AlleviationPoverty EradicationIntegrated Rural DevelopmentUplift of Utterly poor (Antyodaya –)Light to the dark (Velugu)C.M’s Employment of YouthIndira Awas ( Housing the poor)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 7
Why E- Governance-Revenues Rise (2)
52 such programmes in 53 years since 1951.
Illiteracy, poverty, large family – vicious circle,
15% of benefit money reaches the poor
Garibi Hatao – again after 36 years
2nd launch of multipoint “Backwardness Eradication”
for Minorities.
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 8
ICTs in Governance
Union & state governments are investing about Rs. 3000 cr/year on various e-governance projects
Eventually we must have e-electionsRegistration ( no enrollment)
Electioneering ( TV & Radio channels, Toll free interrogation)
Balloting (i) 80% saving on (ii) & reduction of need for black money
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 9
ICTs in Vision 2020 for Andhra Pradesh (then, India)
ICTs as engines for economy, efficiency, development & growth
e-MIS
e-education
e-Governance
e-procurement
e-Seva ( service)
e-cops
Tele-medicine
Jobs for the educated
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 10
e-Governance: G2B, C, G
Since 1997 Pioneered by GOs of AP, KN and TN, all governments have programs of ICT use in government work.
G2C: eg: e-Sevas, Land records, CARD
G2B: eg: e-procurement
G2G: eg: Filing tax returns, jail reservations
G2G: eg: e-MIS; Treasuries, video conferencing
G2B: eg: banking, purchases
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 11
What E-Governance Can Deliver (2)
Responsiveness & Accountability Dial the Chief Minister, Commissioner (Police, Municipal Corpn), Collector…
Economy & Effectiveness E-Procurement e- CopsBetter planning ( MPHS; GIS; Data Bank; Oversight, Speedy Correction )Video in jails –prisoners not physically brought to courts – escapes prevented
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 12
What E-Governance Can Deliver (3)
Interviews from video- enabled Internet Kiosks # e-ways of SIFY (saving time & money)
In courts – original documents scanned, stored on floppy/ CD; document theft avoided
Land records, titles, encumbrances easily accessed by farmers (BHOOMI in Karnataka)
E-Chaupal (ITC procurement & farmer education; market information); multi-services
Rural Service Delivery Points ( for e-Seva of Andhra Pradesh )
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 13
Some Spectacular Outcomes (1/5)
E-Procurement
Award time reduced from 150 to 20 days
On 52 e-tenders (Rs. 3.5 bln), 23% saving
1500 e-tenders in progress (Rs. 16.4 bln) in 2003-04
Procurement would cross Rs. 30,000 cr in 2007-’08
0.24% of tender value as commission (reduced to 0.05% in 2005)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 14
Some Spectacular Outcomes (1/5)
E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh
One-stop-Shop for G2C services
e-filling of tax returns e-Railway and air-line ticketing e-Reservations for TTD pujas in Tirupati
Multiple services offered at each counter
Utility / Tax Payments
Electricity, Water, Property Tax, Telephone bills
Filing Sales Tax and Income Tax Returns
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 15
Some Spectacular Outcomes (3/5)
CertificatesBirth / death certificatesEncumbrance certificates for property
Passport and LicensesFiling applications for passportsMunicipal trade licenses, Learner’s License, Vehicle registration …
Bus tickets … train tickets, airline tickets, travel bookings Rail ReservationsE-Payments on internet ( www.esevaonline.com)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 16
Some Spectacular Outcomes (4/5)
CARDIn-house execution of the ProjectMore than 240 registration officesOld documents scanned and indexed20 year title search in less than 15 mnts.Certified copies of registration deedsEncumbrance certificatesValuation slips for propertiesRegistration deeds like sale, mortgage, lease& gift
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 17
Some Spectacular Outcomes (5/5)
E-Communication with PeopleRail reservationsMoney transfersFiling income- tax returnsPreservation of and access to precious documents, records – scanning & digitisationVideo conference of government officers , Ministers with people ( portable VSAT & camera…)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 18
APNET
Use of satellite technology for Distance educationTraining of Govt employees & SHGsPilot Project operational for 2 yearsExpansion at advanced stageEarth Station operational since 4/02Studio complex to be operational Mana TVContent development – current focus area2000 remotes operational
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 19
E-Communication with People
Video-conferencing
Face to face with Chief Minister
Transportable VSATs and Discussion with Village Assemblies
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 20
ICTs for Wealth and Employment
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 21
Software Export Industry
734 1,085 1,7502,650
3,9005,500
6,8008,000
10,000
12,500
16,560
23,600
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-2000
2000-'01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 22
Employment in Indian IT sector*,’000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
2000 '01 '02 '03+ '04+ '06+ '07+
Call-centers (ITES) Software Multinational operations
(* Years ending March; + Estimate@ break-up: NA)
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 23
A.P’s Software and ITES Exports
Year 2007 2006 2005 2004 1996
Volume (in Rs. Cr. ) 17,000 12,521 8,270 5,025 65of Exports
Visakhapatnam Units 37; Exports Rs. 70crVijayawada Units 13; Exports Rs. 24 Cr
Number of direct employees 1,60,000 adding 30,000 to 40,000 per year
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 24
2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007
1.5% 1.9% 2.82% 3.8% 5.0% 6.5%
India’s share in software exports in the over all global market
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 25
Share of India in GlobalBPO & KPO Markets
Year 2003-’04 2010-’11 BPO 36% 55%
KPO 56% 71%
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 26
Foreign Companies Engaging Indian intellect (1/2)
Motorola – 1700 employees40% of software in its mobiles developed in India The Internet browser and multi-media messaging system conceived and developed for 3G and GSM and engineerThe software going into US cars is being developed here in India .
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 27
Foreign Companies Engaging Indian intellect (2/2)
GE – Largest R&D center outside USA is in India in Bangalore with 2300 researchers, double that in Shanghai
GE put in $ 80 mln in the Bangalore R&D facility
GE’s Bangalore R&D field for 260 patents in the USA (37 already approved)
Boeing USA is outsourcing Aircraft design to Russia ( $ 120/ Hr)
Russians are outsourcing parts of the design to HAL (BG) at $ 30/Hr
Gorbachev went to USA to recommend Moscow as Bangalore’s rival!
An Indian retained does the work of 2 or 3 Europeans;
does not take 6 weeks of holidays & costs one-fourth
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 28
Some foreign companies’ employees in India GE Caps GE Dev IBM Oracle EDS Texas
16,000 1,800 10,000 6000 3,500 900
Intel JP Morgan
HUWAI Siemens Motorola
1,700 1,200 1,500 2000 1,500
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 29
ICT-enabled Employment in Rural areas
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 30
Work taken to Villages: GramIT (1)
While US, EU, Oceania outsource to Hyderabad, Hyderabad out-sources to villages.Satyam Computers & Byraju Foundation200 Resident village graduates ( BA, B.Com, B.Sc) trained in Ameringlish; imparted computer & Internet skillsSatyam (Hyderabad HQ) outsourced its own internal work (pay-roll, accounting; travel; training; MISSatisfied,work from abroad moved to villages
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 31
Work taken to Villages: GramIT (2)
Broad-band telecom (optical fiber) 512 kbps extended from point of presence (POP) to work-site by PMP wirelessCalled Gram ITs, these offer transaction processing services ( accounting, bulk mlng; records digitisation, reminder and follow-up and travel support.A whole Gram IT can be dedicated to a customer (like twinning of cities across continents; city [email protected] twinning
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 32
Work taken to Villages: GramIT (3)
Gram IT-team contributed part of profits for village development scheme designed by them – Independent and local initiative
Rural Pressure group to demand and get quality infrastructure and services such as roads, retailing, education, health
THC_CTMS S338 _Feb07 33
Dhanyawad:
Thank You
www.drthchowdary.net