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ICTsin Governance and for Wealth Creation
By
Dr T.H. Chowdary* Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies* Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP* Former Information Technology Adviser, Government of A.PChairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., BombayT: +91 (40) 2784-6137/6667-1191(O) F: +91 (40) 2789-6103/6667-1111 [email protected]
Talk @ Koti Women’s College, Hyd: 20TH Feb 2008
Technologies
Enhance Efficiency Promote effectiveness Facilitate transparency; speed up
processes… eg: Type -writer, automobile,
electricity, airplane, telegraph, telex, telephone, computer, communication satellites, digitisation, Internet…
What are ICTs (1/2)
Information ( text, images, graphics, voice, data) electronified
Stored in solid state memories & web-sites
Computers process the information through software and present it on monitor-screens
Telecommunications link the computers/ Memories/Websites
What are ICTs (2/2)
User communications devices- PCs, lap-tops, PDAs, mobile phones, TV sets with set top boxes - access the web-sites, and communicate, transport information
The infrastructure – electronic & photonic Microwave Radio, terrestrial & satellite optical fiber cables - underground undersea, wireless in the last km – WiFi, WiMax…..
ICTs in Governance
Governments (Union & State) are collecting and spending 30% of our GDP
Huge amount on welfare ($13 bln). Only 15% reaches the targeted beneficiaries
There are schemes on which upto Rs. 100,000 crores ($22 bln) were spent but not completed even after 5 to 10 years
Comptroller & Accountant General of India is writing history after history of waste and non-productive outlays
Computerised MIS on nation-wide telecom network
The Cost of Delay: Rs. 50,000 cr.
Total Projects 742 ( 216 hit by cost overrun)
Railways Power Atomic Energy
Urban Development
Coal Petroleum
No. of Projects
256 62 10 18 100 30
Projects hit by cost overrun
149 9 2 4 13 13
Original cost (Rs. crores)
25,175 3,527 3,527 4,976 529 24,406
Extent of cost overrun
91.5% 87.7% 87.7% 115.9% 52.2% 29.6%
(Source: Indian Express 31/8/2006)
Why e-governance (1/3)
Government(s) largest handlers of people’s money – (25 to 25)% of GDP & Welfarist
Least efficient, economic & transparent Eg: Projects in progress for 10 to 25 yrs – $ 25 bln unproductively locked up 25 mln homes claimed to have been built for
75 mln people in AP alone! 13 mln. White ration cards for families below
poverty line (80 of Pop.)
Why E-Goverannce –“Socialism” at work (2/3)
Subsidies ( $ 6.2 bln. on food, kerosene & sugar and
$ 4.5 bln on other items) Apply, Apply – No Reply Government officials:
Labour-lordism; Babu-bossism Insectification of citizen Sale of Information Move from office to office again & again
Why E- Governance-Revenues Rise (3/3)
Taxes increase; Projects Multiply; so do offices
Poverty Alleviation Poverty Eradication Integrated Rural Development Uplift of Utterly poor (Antyodaya –) Light to the dark (Velugu) C.M’s Employment of Youth Indira Awas ( Housing the poor)
52 such programmes in 53 years since 1951. Illiteracy, poverty, large family – vicious circle, 15% of benefit money reaches the poor
ICTs in Management Information (1/2)
Computerised, telecommunicated & presented
Decision support- non dependence on clerks, files
Web enabled, hence anytime,anywhere. Management Information Systems
feedback,timely corrections( Rs. 400 bln - $ 8 bln locked up in projects that won’t be completed, shown by banks as “assets”..)
Budget management Treasuries -Overdraft
ICTs in Management Information (2/2)
Project Management - expenditure related to physical work completed and progress of work overseen
Eg: Housing for weaker sections digitised roads/ maintenance Load factor improvement
ICTs for Auditing /Revenue A/C
• Computerized I.T, S.T…. Evasion; defaulters and loan applications• Concurrent audit..( not history-writing, Bihar PSUs)•Expense & time over-runs• Trends & Forecasting -
•Advisories; Warnings; •Public gaze over drain, waste...
ICTs in Governance (1/2)
Since 1997 Pioneered by GOs of AP, KN and TN, all governments have programs of ICT use in government work.
G2C: eg: e-Sevas, Land records, CARD, property tax
G2B: eg: e-procurement C2G: eg: Filing tax returns, rail reservations G2G: eg: e-MIS; Electrical Energy management;
weaker section housing Treasuries, video conferencing G2B: eg: banking, purchases
ICTs in Governance (1/2)
Union & state governments are investing about Rs. 3000 cr/year on various e-governance projects
Eventually we must have e-elections Registration ( no enrollment) Electioneering ( TV & Radio channels, Toll free
interrogation) Balloting
(i) 80% saving on (ii) & reduction of need for black money
ICTs in Economy & Education
e-banking (Internet) & money transfers; ATMs
e-ticketing (airlines, railways) e-teaching (Engineering education
explodes) Job interviews from Internet kiosks
with video facility e-journals on web-sites e-mails for advocacy
What E-Governance Can Deliver (1)
ICT – based MIS eg: Story of Weaker Section Housing Delivery of government services – One stop – Many Services Speed Up Process
Corruption decreases Dissatisfaction decreases Time & fuel economy Reduced Transaction costs
What E-Governance Can Deliver (2)
Responsiveness & Accountability Dial the Chief Minister, Commissioner (Police,
Municipal Corpn), Collector… Economy & Effectiveness
E-Procurement e- Cops Better planning ( MPHS; GIS; Data Bank;
Oversight, Speedy Correction ) Video in jails –prisoners not physically brought
to courts – escapes prevented
What E-Governance Can Deliver (3)
Interviews from video- enabled Internet Kiosks # e-ways of SIFY (saving time & money)
In courts – original documents scanned, stored on floppy/ CD; document theft avoided
Land records, titles, encumbrances easily accessed by farmers (BHOOMI in Karnataka)
E-Chaupal (ITC procurement & farmer education; market information); multi-services
Rural Service Delivery Points ( for e-Seva of Andhra Pradesh )
Some Spectacular Outcomes (1/5)
E-Procurement Award time reduced from 150 to 20 days On 52 e-tenders (Rs. 3.5 bln), 23% saving 1500 e-tenders in progress (Rs. 16.4 bln)
in 2003-04 Procurement would cross Rs. 15,000 cr in
2004-05 0.24% of tender value as commission
(reduced to 0.05% in 2005)
Some Spectacular Outcomes (2/5)
E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh Multiple services offered at each counter Utility / Tax Payments
Electricity, Water, Property Tax, Telephone bills Filing Sales Tax and Income Tax Returns
Certificates Birth / death certificates Encumbrance certificates for property
Passport and Licenses Filing applications for passports Municipal trade licenses, Learner’s License, Vehicle registration …
Bus tickets … train tickets, airline tickets, travel bookings Rail Reservations E-Payments on internet ( www.esevaonline.com)
Some Spectacular Outcomes (3/5)
E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh One-stop-Shop for G2C services 31 service centres, 6 bank branches, 81 ATMs (in
Hyderabad) Volume of Transactions increasing 0.8 mil in April 2001 8.5 mil since Aug 03; 12 mln, Dec ‘04 46 services across any of 290 counters Extending to all urban areas by Dec 03 232 more eSeva Centres in 116 cities & towns & 2500 villages by March 2004 5000 villages by Dec 2004
Some Spectacular Outcomes (4/5)
CARD In-house execution of the Project More than 240 registration offices Old documents scanned and indexed 20 year title search in less than 15 mnts. Certified copies of registration deeds Encumbrance certificates Valuation slips for properties Registration deeds like sale, mortgage,
lease& gift
Some Spectacular Outcomes (5/5)
E-Communication with People Rail reservations Money transfers Filing income- tax returns Preservation of and access to precious
documents, records – scanning & digitisation
Video conference of government officers , Ministers with people ( portable VSAT & camera…)
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (1/3) TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE
Technologies are Enablers, Promotive of Efficiency, Speed, Effectiveness & Economy
Offices/Officials need not be technology-savy but skilled to use
To make a difference, move to E-Governance should be swift (>5 Years), not graduated; otherwise old absorbs, assimilates, disfigures the New
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (2/3) TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE
Information Infrastructure
(Electronic) Photonic Highways) is
Available;
Improving and Extending Thro’
Multiple Enterprises.
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (3/3) Implementation
A vision and master-mind
Best Instrument - Government
Department or Society (eg STP) or
Mission
E-governance & I.TAll-Party Agenda
Criticised but embraced by “opposition” partis when come to power ( A P; UP; Kerala…)
Consultative & involvement in program planning Vision Document: Peoples/ not party’s Get into Manifestos – Professionals to write &
“sell” Get parties to go High-tech ( eg: TDP in Andhra
Pradesh ) Self-help Groups ( 350,000 in A P) given mobile
telephones (Internet-enabled) Talk not jargon; develop popular style Extend reliable power to the entire territory
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION The Weight of Government (s)
Union Government Year 2001Secretaries 141 (117)Add. Secretaries 107 (99)Jt. Secretaries 511 (389)Directors 628 (453)Dy. Secretaries 578 (395)Other officials 4.3 millionFig in ( ) are just before 5th Pay Commission
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Union Government Finances
Annual Tax Revenue Rs. 4,20,000 cr.InterestRs. 1,80,000 cr.Salaries Rs. 75,000 cr.Defence Rs. 96,000 cr.Union Govt’s. Debt Rs. 14,00,000 cr.States were to Raise for the 9th Plan Rs. 38,000 cr. States ended with a deficit of Rs. 1,05,000 cr.Losses of State Electricity Bds.Rs. 26,000 cr.Losses of SEBs in 1991 Rs. 4,000 cr.
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Government of Andhra Pradesh
Dy Secretaries & above 350 Government officials (600 + 400) K Terrific Excess of Group C&D can’t afford teachers (60K) & Nurses (10K) Revenues Rs. 11,000 cr. Salary & wages Rs. 10,800 cr. Receipts for Union Govt. Rs. 4,000 cr. Interest on debt Rs. 4,000 cr. Total debt of A.P Rs. 40,000 cr. All State PSUs(37) Loss making Other Govts. Are no better
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Governments on the Band Wagon
Almost all (except a few dishonorable exceptions) States and Union Governments are enthused and committed to e-governance.
All have launched many and implemented some programs
All are Government-centric May falter and flounder like PSU
disinvestment and telecom demonopolisation
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE
Offices/Officials need not be technology-savvy but skilled to use
To make a difference, move to E-Governance should be swift (>5 Years), not graduated; otherwise old absorbs, assimilates, disfigures the New
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE
Information Infrastructure
(Electronic) Photonic Highways) is
Available; Improving; Extending Thro’
Multiple Enterprises to cover all
Mandals …. Villages
APSWAN since 1998
Hastening E-Governance & Informatisation of Society
Out-source computer education in
Schools/Colleges and to Government officials;
Also content creation
Interconnect SWANs with Internet for delivery
of information and services of Government to
public
(eg E-Sewa)
Pick up Inspiring Applications
Computer assisted literacy promotion SWAN upto Panchayat 100% literacy by 2005 - Private efforts Telecottage in every village (PTIC) All Schools, colleges, Educational Institutions
on Internet
Pick up Inspiring Applications
TWINS E-Sewa (30 services)
CARD (240 offices)
SKIMS - 7500 Tmnls
OLTP: 10 Depts; all Mandals (4th tier)
FAST (3 + 34 Offices)
Pick up Inspiring Applications Immediate Applications
Voice Mail Dial your CM, SP, Collector,
Municipal Commissioner E-Mail your complaint GOAP Portal Chief Minister’s MIS
AP’s Initiatives(1) Free Right of Way Government Reviewing Telecom & ISP
roll-out All government offices, Public
Libraries, PHCs ordered to have Internet connections
All Mandal Office PCs used as Public Internet kiosks in association with BSNL
AP’s Initiatives(2)
CMEY money to promote
Public Internet Kiosks
Deploying ( corDECT) wireless to
connect PTICs to Internet
Citizenship in the Knowledge society
Literacy
Education
Excellence
Global Economy
Intellectuals & Professionals are globally mobile
Move like money across borders in search of remuneration & security
Extending the Information Infrastructure & Services Internet & E-Seva for Masses: STD/ISD PTs to become PTICs ( 1.0 mil
in India; >80,000 in Andhra Prad esh) Private ISPs & Bharat Sanchar
Status of Card Services - Aug 2001
Statutory effect given to CARD services w.e.f. 5-2-99
99% documents being regd on computer
Service standards maintained
Facilities Management from January 2000
Transactions handled (11/98 to 7/2001)•Registrations 22,50,000•Valuations 11,50,000•EC’s 7,60,000
Service Levels in CARD projectService Levels in CARD project
Sl No Service Provided CARD offices
Non-CARD offices
1 Sale of Stamp Paper 15- 30 min 30-60 min2 Spl Adhesive
Stamps 45-90 min 45-90 min
3 Refunds 4 weeks 4 weeks 4 Document Writing 30 min NA5 MV Checkslip 10 min 60 min6 Cash Receipt 10 min 30 min7 Registration of
deeds 60 min 3 days
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION
Service Levels Service Levels
Sl No Service Provided CARD offices
Non-CARD offices
8 Certified Copies 15 min 3 days9 EC's 10 min 3 days
10 Reference u/s 47-A 5 days 5 days11 Registration of
Societies & firms 4 days 4 days
12 Anomalies 8 weeks 8 weeks13 Wills 3 hours 3 hours14 Registration of
misc. documents3 days 3 days
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION
Status of CARD servicesStatus of CARD services
Statutory effect given to CARD services Statutory effect given to CARD services w.e.f 5-2-99w.e.f 5-2-9999 % documents being regd on computer99 % documents being regd on computerService standards maintainedService standards maintainedFacilities Management from January 2000Facilities Management from January 2000Transactions handled (11/98 to 7/2001)Transactions handled (11/98 to 7/2001)
Registrations 22,50,000Registrations 22,50,000Valuations 11,50,000Valuations 11,50,000EC's 7,60,000EC's 7,60,000
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION
Service Levels in CARD projectService Levels in CARD project
Sl No Service Provided CARD offices
Non-CARD offices
1 Sale of Stamp Paper 15- 30 min 30-60 min2 Spl Adhesive
Stamps 45-90 min 45-90 min
3 Refunds 4 weeks 4 weeks 4 Document Writing 30 min NA5 MV Checkslip 10 min 60 min6 Cash Receipt 10 min 30 min7 Registration of
deeds 60 min 3 days
E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION
Service Levels in CARD projectService Levels in CARD project
Sl No Service Provided CARD offices
Non-CARD offices
1 Sale of Stamp Paper 15- 30 min 30-60 min2 Spl Adhesive
Stamps 45-90 min 45-90 min
3 Refunds 4 weeks 4 weeks 4 Document Writing 30 min NA5 MV Checkslip 10 min 60 min6 Cash Receipt 10 min 30 min7 Registration of
deeds 60 min 3 days
Service Levels Service Levels
Sl No Service Provided CARD offices
Non-CARD offices
8 Certified Copies 15 min 3 days9 EC's 10 min 3 days
10 Reference u/s 47-A 5 days 5 days11 Registration of
Societies & firms 4 days 4 days
12 Anomalies 8 weeks 8 weeks13 Wills 3 hours 3 hours14 Registration of
misc. documents3 days 3 days
Salient features Salient features
18 Service Centres18 Service Centres 200 citizen counters200 citizen counters
23 G2C Services 23 G2C Services + 5 B2C services + 5 B2C services Open 9 am to 7 pmOpen 9 am to 7 pm
Including Sundays & 2Including Sundays & 2ndnd Saturdays Saturdays Multiple modes of PaymentMultiple modes of Payment
Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit CardsCash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards e-Paymentse-Payments
18 Service Centres18 Service Centres 200 citizen counters200 citizen counters
23 G2C Services 23 G2C Services + 5 B2C services + 5 B2C services Open 9 am to 7 pmOpen 9 am to 7 pm
Including Sundays & 2Including Sundays & 2ndnd Saturdays Saturdays Multiple modes of PaymentMultiple modes of Payment
Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit CardsCash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards e-Paymentse-Payments
G2C Services(1) G2C Services(1)
Utility Bill / Tax Payments Electricity Bills Water Bills Property Taxes
Certificates & licenses Registration of Birth/ death Issue of Birth /death Certificates Renewal of Drug licenses Renewal of Trade License
Utility Bill / Tax Payments Electricity Bills Water Bills Property Taxes
Certificates & licenses Registration of Birth/ death Issue of Birth /death Certificates Renewal of Drug licenses Renewal of Trade License
G2C Services(2)G2C Services(2)
Passport Receipt of application for passport
Registration & Stamps Sale of stamps(Registration dept.) Document writing Valuation of property
Water Works Reservation of water tanker Application for new connection
Passport Receipt of application for passport
Registration & Stamps Sale of stamps(Registration dept.) Document writing Valuation of property
Water Works Reservation of water tanker Application for new connection
G2C ServicesG2C Services
Others Receipt of complaints Reservation of APSRTC seats Small savings
Internet-based Services Electronic payments Down loading of Forms Filing of applications on website
Others Receipt of complaints Reservation of APSRTC seats Small savings
Internet-based Services Electronic payments Down loading of Forms Filing of applications on website
B2C ServicesB2C Services
ATM Withdrawal of money Taking A/C Extract Depositing Money
Cellphones Cellphone Bill Payments
Securities & Mutual funds
ATM Withdrawal of money Taking A/C Extract Depositing Money
Cellphones Cellphone Bill Payments
Securities & Mutual funds
Services to be includedServices to be included
Telephones Bill collections Application for new connections
Title Search
Telephones Bill collections Application for new connections
Title Search
Human Resources Development(Case of Andhra Pradesh)
• IIIT• 328 Engineering Colleges ( 32 in 1995)• 468 BCA Colleges (Nil in 1995)• 400 MCA Colleges ( 44 in 1995)• Indian School of Business
• Affiliations with The Wharton School and J.L.Kellogg Graduate School of Management• Computer Education in (all) Schools, (all) Colleges ( for all degrees)
Satellite and Optical FiberConnectivity for Education
• INSAT 3B • Ku Band transponder 70 Mbps• Distance learning• Telemedicine• SMART government• E-commerce• Optical Fibers to link all colleges. Electronic classrooms in every college
THE VISION - I T ENABLED / CREATED SERVICES &
EMPLOYMENT (INDIA)
GROSS WORLD PRODUCT IN THE YEAR 2010 US $ 40 TCONTRIBUTION FROM SERVICES (60%) OF GWP US $ 24 TINDIA'S SHARE @ 10% US $ 2.4 TEMOLUMENTS COMPONENT (15% TO 50%) US $ 360 TO US $ 1200 bEMOLUMENTS/EMPLOYEE/YEAR US $ 5000NO OF JOBS (360/1200) b = 72 to 240 million
5 K
Dhanyawad:Thank You