Early African

Kingdoms

NUBIA/KUSH (1000 B.C.- 150 A.D.)•Conquere

d and was conquered by Egyptians

•Built up wide trade network

NUBIA/KUSH (1000 B.C.-150 A.D.)

NUBIA/KUSH (1000 B.C.-150 A.D.)

•Produced iron tools and weapons

•Developed system of writing

NUBIA/KUSH (1000 B.C.-150 A.D.)

•Adopted Egyptian traditions through cultural diffusion

NUBIA/KUSH (1000 B.C.-150 A.D.)

Ghana (100-800)

•Controlled Gold -Salt trade routes across West Africa

Ghana (100-800)

•Viewed king as semi -divine

Ghana (100-800)

•High status held by women

Mali (1200-1450)

•Expanded influence over Gold – Salt trade routes

Mali (1200-1450)

•Expanded borders to Atlantic Ocean

Mali (1200-1450)

•Emphasized peace and order

Mali (1200-1450)

•Mansa Musa became great emperor

•Golden Age

Mali (1200-1450)

•He was Muslim and went on a legendary hajj to Mecca

•500 slaves each carrying a staff of gold

•80 camels each carrying 300 pounds of gold dust

• Hundreds of camels carrying supplies

•Thousands of servants and officials completed the procession

Mansa Musa’s Hajj to Mecca

Mali (1200-1450)

•Timbuktu – center of learning and trade

Mali (1200-1450)

•Declined due to bad leadership

Songhai (1450-1600)

•Largest West African state

Songhai (1450-1600)

•Controlled key trade routes and wealthy cities

Songhai (1450-1600)

•Held traditional religious beliefs, with later Muslim influences

Songhai (1450-1600)

•Set up efficient government and bureaucracy

Songhai (1450-1600)

•Decline was due to invasion of the Moroccans