Early Renaissanceintroduction

Giotto’s Lamentation (1306)- Why is this fresco a big deal?

!- How is it different from earlier art? - What do the aesthetics of the time tell us about the spirit of the times? !http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/giotto-arena-chapel-part-1.html !http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/giottos-lamentation.html

Prayer book decorationca. 1250-How does this differ?

Cimabue (chee-muh-BOO-ay) Madonna Enthroned ca. 1280

Giotto Madonna Enthroned ca. 1310

International Gothic Style Simone Martini

The Annunciation 1333 [multiple styles may exist simultaneously]

Renaissance“rebirth”

• Rebirth of what? !

• Early Renaissance centered in Florence. – Banking Center (gold florin a standard coin in Europe) !

– Bank from Italian word (banco) !

– important to trade !

– Florentine banking offices throughout Europe help spread ideas of Renaissance. !

– important patrons of the arts

Humanism

• belief in human perfectibility !

• renewed study of ancient Roman and Greek literature and philosophy !

• emerges from the Italian Renaissance

Writers of note

• Pico della Mirandola – See C&V 7th, pp. 287-8 – On the Dignity of Man,

read the introduction for next class (email)

– Used many sources – Was to be his introduction

to a debate with church figures (did not take place)

• Machiavelli – See pp. 289-290 – The Prince, read excerpt

for next class (email) – How to be a ruler. – “ends justify the means” – pragmatic

Renaissance Art

• New “realism” in art !

• Three dimensions in painting – “Renaissance Space” !

• Traits in Renaissance art (C&V 7th Edition, p 270) – Perspective – Observation of real people – Representation of psychological states – Uncluttered – Roman and Greek motifs

International Gothic Style vs. Early Renaissance Style(see pg. 269 of C&V 7th Edition)

GENTILE DA FABRIANO, Adoration of the Magi, altarpiece from Santa Trinità, Florence, Italy, 1423. Tempera on wood approx. 9’ 11” x 9’ 3”. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence.

MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy, ca. 1428. Fresco, 21’ x 10’ 5”.

Renaissance art traits(see C&V 7th edition, p. 270)

Attention to perspective Fra Angelico Annunciation ca. 1445

Emotional states Masaccio Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden ca. 1425

links for more information• Masaccio’s Holy Trinity

• http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/holy-trinity-santa-maria-novella-florence.html

• Masaccio’s Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden

• http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/masaccios-expulsion.html

• Fra Angelico’s The Annunciation

• http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/fra-angelico-the-annunciation.html

SANDRO BOTTICELLI, Birth of Venus, ca. 1482. Tempera on canvas, approx. 5’ 8” x 9’ 1”. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence.

-Theme of Roman gods !

-Venus here shows a synthesis of -idealized beauty (Neo-Platonism) -Christian mysticism (like the Virgin) -Classical ideal of the female figure of Venus

!- C&V 7th edition, p. 283 !

-Medici Family -Important banking family -Arts patronage -Funded Ficion’s

!-Neo-Platonism

-ideal beauty -Ficino (fee-CHEE-noh) translated much of Plato’s work into Latin -Ficino’s Academy funded by Medici family

!-http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/Botticelli.html

Botticelli’s Primavera (Springtime), ca. 1478Who is in the center? Mary? Venus? !Zephyr pursues a nymph who transforms into Flora

!Mercury and the three Graces on left

!Cupid overhead !http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/botticelli-primavera.html