Earthquake Preparedness in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan · Earthquake Preparedness in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan June 2014 Shizuoka Prefecture This document was originally created and

Earthquake Preparedness in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

June 2014

Shizuoka Prefecture This document was originally created and published by Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan. English translation was provided by Yohko Igarashi, Visiting Scientist, ITIC, with the kind acceptance of Shizuoka Prefecture.

For Educational and Non-Profit Use Only !

1. Expected Earthquakes in and around Shizuoka Prefecture 1 (1) Tokai Earthquake ････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 1 (2) Earthquake with a source region in an area along the Nankai Trough ････････････････････････ 2 (3) Earthquake along the Sagami Trough ･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 3 (4) Measures for the expected earthquakes ････････････････････････････････････････････････ 3

Earthquakes in the Fujikawa-kako Fault Zone ･･･････････････････････････････････････ 4 2. The 4th Estimate of Damage from the Earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture 5 Wide-area evacuation plan for Mt. Fuji volcano eruption･･･････････････････････････････ 6 Expansion of high-priority areas for nuclear disaster countermeasures ････････････････････ 8 3. Operation of Earthquake Preparedness 9 Working on building “Shizuoka Model” ･･･････････････････････････････････････････ 10 4. Earthquake and Tsunami Countermeasures Action Program 2013 11 5. Grant for Urgent Countermeasures for Earthquake and Tsunami 12 6. Working on Developing “Inland Frontier” 13 7. Working on Effective Disaster Management 14

(1) Disaster management system in Shizuoka Prefecture ････････････････････････････････････ 14 (2) 24/7 risk management System･･････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 14 (3) Establishing permanent disaster management headquarters facilities ････････････････････････ 15 (4) Plan to obtain support for wide-area in Shizuoka Prefecture･･･････････････････････････････ 16 (5) National on-site disaster management headquarters･････････････････････････････････････ 16

(6) Use of Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport in case of disaster ･････････････････････････････････････ 17 (7) Wide-area support system in case of disaster ･･････････････････････････････････････････ 18

(8) Firefighter aviation corps ･･････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 19 Mutual assistance agreement related to disaster prevention helicopters ･･･････････････････ 20

(9) Fuji-no-kuni disaster prevention information sharing system ･･････････････････････････････ 20 (10) Advanced information network system ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････ 22 (11) Certification system for Fuji-no-kuni disaster preparedness ･･･････････････････････････････ 23

Disaster Imagination Game DIG ･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 24 DIG at home ~ method to stay home even after an earthquake ~ ･････････････････････････ 24 Hinanjo Un’ei Game HUG (meaning shelter management game) ････････････････････････ 24

(12) Encourage local voluntary disaster management organizations through collaboration and trainings ･･ 25 (13) Acceptance and support of disaster volunteers ･････････････････････････････････････････ 25

(14) Project "TOUKAI-0" (Project "no collapse" in Japanese) ････････････････････････････････ 26 (15) Shizuoka Prefectural Earthquake Preparedness Education Center ･･････････････････････････ 27

Experimental devices introduced after the renewal of exhibitions of the center ････････････････ 28 Disaster response drill for local voluntary disaster management organizations “Image TEN” ･･････ 28

8. Disaster Management Drills 29 9. Monitoring System for Tokai Earthquake 31

(1) Governmental system of earthquake research ･･････････････････････････････････････････ 31 (2) Observation network for earthquake prediction in Shizuoka Prefecture ･･････････････････････ 32

10. Responses to the Issuance of “Information about Tokai Earthquake” ･････････････････････････ 33 Preparation for a large-scale disaster such as a Tokai Earthquake ･･････････････････････････ 35

< Cover > “Minato-inochi-yama” in Fukuroi City

(upper) aerial photograph of tsunami evacuation facilities in Minato region in Fukuroi City (completed in December 2013), by raising its ground level artificially. The height of the facilities is 10 m above sea level. Emergency stairs are on the four sides and a slope is also constructed. The area is approximately 1,300 m2 and around 1,300 people can be accommodated.

(below) tsunami evacuation drill conducted at Minato-inochi-yama (conducted on March 9, 2014).

Contents

(1) Tokai Earthquake

Mechanism of plate-boundary earthquakes occurrence An expected Tokai Earthquake is a plate-boundary earthquake (another name is ocean-trench earthquake). The deepest area in Suruga Bay (the area called Suruga Trough) is the boundary of the Philippine Sea plate and Eurasian plate.

1 In August 1976, Mr. Katsuhiko Ishibashi, an assistant at the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, theorized: “It would not be surprising if a large-scale earthquake occurred in the Tokai area centering around Shizuoka Prefecture tomorrow.” The publication of this earthquake theory brought about a serious social problem and it has become the most urgent task for the prefecture, cities and families to prepare for a Tokai Earthquake. Over thirty five years have passed without a major earthquake in the area since this theory was published. As nearly seventy years have passed since earthquakes outside of the assumed focal region of the Tokai Earthquake such as the 1944 Tonankai Earthquake and the 1946 Nankai Earthquake occurred, countermeasures not only against a Tokai Earthquake or that accompanying Tonankai and/or Nankai Earthquake (classified as level 1; see Chapter 2) but also against an expected huge earthquake along the Nankai Trough (classified as level 2) are necessary.

Plates around Japan

Source: Dr. Tetsuzo Seno

Assumed focal region of Tokai Earthquake

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency

The Philippine Sea plate, which forms the seabed, moves to the Eurasian plate at the rate of several cm per year and slides below it.

The edge of the Eurasian plate is dragged downward and strain is accumulated.

When the strain comes to the limit, the Eurasian plate springs upward and an earthquake occurs. At that time, tsunami is also generated.

Expected Earthquakesin and around Shizuoka Prefecture

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(2) Earthquake with a source region in an area of the Nankai Trough 1) Diversity of earthquakes along the Nankai Trough

Space-time distribution of source regions of large earthquakes in the past along the Nankai Trough

The region from Suruga Bay to Hyuga-nada is called the Nankai Trough, where the oceanic Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the continental plates on which Japan islands lie on. It is known that large-scale earthquakes repeatedly occur with its source in the area of the Nankai Trough and the assumed focal region of a Tokai Earthquake is also in the area of the Nankai Trough. The evaluation for a Tokai Earthquake has been conducted thus far, based on a characteristic earthquake model that assumes earthquakes with a similar scale in the

the same region as well as in almost the same temporal-interval. However, the recent studies have gradually been finding the fact that various types of earthquakes, which cannot be explained with the characteristic earthquake model, occurred in the area of the Nankai Trough. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the extent of the

source region of the next earthquake accurately with the current scientific knowledge, and it is necessary to take measures against the possible largest earthquake and tsunami.

Source: “Long-term evaluation of earthquakes along the Nankai Trough (2nd edition)” published on May 24, 2013, by the Earthquake Research Committee, the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion

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2) Strain is accumulated underground

(3) Earthquake along the Sagami Trough (4) Measures for the expected earthquakes

1) National countermeasures

2) Formulation of the 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture

According to the crustal movement observation in theTokai Region by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI), the horizontal movement shows contraction in Suruga Bay at a speed of about 1cm/yr along east-west direction and the vertical movement shows subsidence in the western part of Suruga Bay. According to the surveys, the benchmark in Omaezaki City is subsiding with seasonal variation as shown in the following graph relative to the benchmark in Kakegawa City. It is thought that the earthquake will occur when it stops subsiding and begins to rise.

Created with data of GSI for the 337th meeting of Earthquake Assessment Committee for Areas under Intensified Measures

Along the Sagami Trough, inter-plate earthquakes such as the 1703 Genroku Kanto Earthquake and the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake occurred in around 200 to 400 years intervals.

In addition, earthquakes of magnitude around 7, such as the 1633 Kan’ei Earthquake as well as the 1782 Tenmei Earthquake, repeatedly occurs in the western Kanagawa Prefecture.

In the case of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (also known as the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake), the scale of earthquake

and tsunami was much larger than expected. Therefore, “the Committee for Technical Investigation on Countermeasures for Earthquakes and Tsunamis based on the Lessons Learned from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake,” established in the Central Disaster Management Council, published new earthquake and tsunami countermeasures in September 2011 mentioning that a maximum earthquake and tsunami should be considered taking all the possibilities into consideration when assuming the features and impact of earthquakes and tsunamis. Based on this stance, the Cabinet Office established a working group examining countermeasures for huge earthquakes along the Nankai Trough as well as a working group examining countermeasures for Tokyo Inland Earthquakes, conducted a survey on past earthquakes through old documents and tsunami deposits and investigated the scientific knowledge on plate structures and so on. As for huge earthquakes along the Nankai Trough, it showed a plan how to set the assumed focal region/tsunami source area in December 2011, published the estimated tsunami heights and inundation area as well as the estimate of physical and human damage in August 2012, and published the estimated damages in lifeline and traffic facilities as well as the estimate of economic damage in March 2013. It also published the fault models, estimated seismic intensity distribution, tsunami heights and so on for Tokyo Inland Earthquakes of magnitude around 7 and earthquakes of magnitude around 8 along the Sagami Trough.

Created with data provided from the Cabinet Office

Shizuoka Prefecture formulated the estimate of damage from earthquakes three times; in 1978, 1993 and 2001. The estimate of damage from earthquakes is a basic data for disaster management taken by prefecturesand cities. In the estimate, seismic motion and tsunamis due to an earthquake are assumed and physical and human damages as well as the timeline from the disaster occurrence to restoration are estimated. In order to decide a new target for countermeasures for

earthquakes and tsunamis based on the plan how to set the assumed focal region/tsunami source area and theearthquake models published by the nation, Shizuoka Prefecture conducted a formulation of “the 4th estimate of damage from the Earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture”from April 2012 for earthquakes along the Suruga Trough, the Nankai Trough and the Sagami Trough. It published the initial report on human and physical damage in June 2013 and the second report on damages in lifeline and traffic facilities in November 2013.

Amount of ground subsidence in Omaezaki Cityrelative to Kakegawa City

3

○ Disaster Preparedness and Nuclear Council in Shizuoka Prefecture

Earthquakes in the Fujikawa-kako Fault Zone

The Fujikawa-kako fault zone extends in the north-south direction about 26 km, from the mouth of Fuji River in the east of Shizuoka Prefecture to the southwestern foot of Mt. Fuji, and is thought to connect to the plate boundary fault in Suruga Bay (the focal region of a Tokai Earthquake).

The governmental Earthquake Research Committee partially revised the long-term evaluation in October 2010 based on the latest survey.According to the evaluation, the Fujikawa-kako fault zone is estimated to move connected to a subduction-zone earthquake in Suruga Bay and in that case, an earthquake with a magnitude of around 8 is possible to occur. Two types of evaluation exist for the probability of an earthquake in future because of the difference in the interpretation of past seismic activities. However, the probability of an earthquake in this fault zone in another 30 years is high among the main faults in Japan for both types, when the maximum value for each type is taken (“high” means that the maximum value of the probability of an earthquake in another 30 years is3% or greater).

Location Map of Fujikawa-kako Fault Zone

(source: the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion in October 2010)

Shizuoka Prefecture established “the Disaster Preparedness and Nuclear Council in Shizuoka Prefecture” in March 2012 in order to clarify initiatives about the science and technology for those, that the citizens of Shizuoka Prefecture are facing to such as the disaster management related to natural disasters like a Tokai Earthquake as well as the Hamaoka nuclear power plant located in the prefecture, and to provide adequate information to the citizens. The council consists of experts in various fields such as disaster management, energy, environment and so on to consider natural phenomena and nuclear power from wider points of view. Nuclear committee, committee for tsunami countermeasures, technical committee for verification of economics of nuclear power, and committee for earthquake and volcano countermeasures have been established under the council and are providing advices and guidance for prefectural disaster management from scientific and technical view in each field. These advices and guidance from the Disaster Preparedness and Nuclear Council in Shizuoka Prefecture are reflected in formulating the estimate of damage from a large earthquake in an area along the Nankai Trough as well as tsunami countermeasures in the prefecture.

AdvisorAkito Arima (Trustee, Shizuoka University of Art and Culture)

Chairman Takafumi Matsui (Head, Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology)

Members Ichiro Yamamoto (Trustee and Vice President, Nagoya University)

Fumihiko Imamura (Head, International Research Institute of Disaster Science)

Makoto Akashi (Trustee, National Institute of Radiological Sciences)

Masakazu Otake (Professor Emeritus, Tohoku University)

Naotaka Oki (Professor Emeritus, Shizuoka University)

Tetsuo Kubo (Professor Emeritus, the University of Tokyo)

Toshiso Kosako (Professor, Graduate School of Engineering,

the University of Tokyo) Atsushi Tanaka (Head, the Center for Integrated Disaster Information

Research, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, the University of Tokyo)

Toshitsugu Fujii (Director, Crisis & Environment Management Policy Institute)

Taizo Yakushiji (Visiting Professor, National Graduate Institute for

Policy Studies) (as of April 1, 2014)

Nuclear Committee

Committee for Tsunami Countermeasures

Committee for Earthquake and VolcanoCountermeasures

Technical Committee for Verification of Economics of Nuclear Power

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1. Earthquakes

2. Results of the estimate of damage

(1) Physical damage (Target: around 1,420,000 buildings (as of January 2012)) The numbers in the table are expressed in thousands.

Without Prediction Categories Damage Categories winter, midnight summer, daytime winter, evening With Prediction

Completely Destroyed・ Destroyed by Fire 217 223 260 197

Level 1 Partially Destroyed 233 232 224 237

Completely Destroyed・ Destroyed by Fire 238 ~ 257 240 ~ 262 262 ~ 304 223 ~ 240

Level 2* Partially Destroyed 214 ~ 270 213 ~ 268 208 ~ 257 216 ~ 274

Completely Destroyed・ Destroyed by Fire 13 13 14 -

Level 1 Partially Destroyed 33 33 33 -

Completely Destroyed・ Destroyed by Fire 23 24 27 -

Level 2

Partially Destroyed 23 24 27 -

* min. ~ max. values of estimated results for three cases of seismic motion; the motion in the basic area, in the area closer to the land and in the eastern area. Damage caused by tsunamis is estimated for the case #1 (one of the basic cases for the motion in the basic area).

(2) Human damage (Target: around 3,765,000 people (national census in 2010), estimated for a case that the rate of early evacuation from

tsunamis is “low”) The numbers in the table are expressed in thousands.

Without Prediction Categories Damage Categories winter, midnight summer, daytime winter, evening With Prediction

(winter, midnight)Death 16 9 14 2.7 Severe Injury 20 31 21 5.4 Level 1 Moderate Injury 51 54 47 14 Death 102 ~ 105 65 ~ 67 78 ~ 82 13 ~ 14 Severe Injury 23 ~ 25 33 ~ 38 24 ~ 26 5.9 ~ 6.4

Level 2* Moderate Injury 50 ~ 62 58 ~ 62 52 ~ 55 13 ~ 16

Death 3 1.8 2.5 - Severe Injury 1.3 1.6 1.3 Level 1 Moderate Injury 5.6 4.9 4.7 - Death 6 3.6 4.9 - Severe Injury 2.2 2.6 2.2 -

Level 2

Moderate Injury 8.5 7.2 5.7 -


Categories Earthquake and Tsunami (Level 1) Earthquake and Tsunami (Level 2) along the Suruga Trough ・Nankai Trough

Tokai Earthquake, Tokai・Tonankai Earthquake, Tokai・Tonankai・Nankai Earthquake (magnitude 8.0 ~ 8.7)

Huge earthquake along the Nankai Trough (magnitude around 9)

along the Sagami Trough Taisho-type Kanto Earthquake (magnitude around 8)

Genroku-type Kanto Earthquake (magnitude around 8.2)

The 4th Estimate of Damage from the Earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture2

5

Function Failure Rate (%) right after the earthquake occurrence

Required Period for Emergency Recovery with recovery rate of 95% *1

Suruga Trough・ Nankai Trough Sagami Trough Suruga Trough・

Nankai Trough Sagami Trough Categories

Level 1 Level 2 *2 Level 1 Level 2 Level 1 Level 2 *2 Level 1 Level 2Waterworks 96 92 ~ 97 21 25 4 weeks 5~6 weeks 1 week 2 weeksSewer *3 53 67 2 12 2 weeks 5 weeks a few days 3 weeksElectric Power 89 89 33 33 1 week 1 week a few days a few daysLandline Phone 90 90 34 34 1 week 2 weeks a few days a few daysMobile phone 81 82 6 6 1 week 2 weeks a few days a few daysCity Gas 77 73 ~ 80 4 12 4 weeks 4~6 weeks a few days 1 week LP Gas 32 34 ~ 38 4 6

*1 Buildings damaged by tsunamis are not included in this estimate *2 min. ~ max. values of estimated results for three cases of seismic motion; the motion in the basic area, in the area closer to the land and

in the eastern area. Damage caused by tsunamis is estimated for the case #1 (one of the basic cases for the motion in the basic area). *3 Function failure rates for sewers and mobile phones are those on the next day, as they become max. one day after an earthquake.

The numbers in the table are expressed in thousands.

after a day after a week after a month Evacuee Population Evacuee Population Evacuee Population Categories

total at a refuge

not at a refuge total at a

refugenot at a refuge total at a

refuge not at a refuge

Level 1 834 502 332 1,222 614 608 837 251 586 Nankai Trough Level 2* 983 ~

1,078607 ~

664 376 ~

4141,156~

1,313618 ~

703538 ~

610960 ~

1,060 288 ~

318 672 ~

742

Level 1 57 35 22 96 48 48 48 14 33 Sagami Trough Level 2 112 69 43 151 76 74 83 25 58


Wide-area evacuation plan for Mt. Fuji volcano eruption In March 2012, the government showed a guideline to settle a concrete and practical evacuation plan and called for an establishment of a volcano disaster management council as well as a settlement of an evacuation plan for municipalities with active volcanoes in the region. Under these circumstances, the momentum for a settlement of an evacuation plan for Mt. Fuji volcano was gained and a volcano disaster management council for Mt. Fuji was established in June 2012, which consists of the national government, municipalities in the surrounding area, volcano experts and others. Around one and a half years later, “wide-area evacuation plan for Mt. Fuji volcano eruption” was settled and published: this is the first inhabitant evacuation plan for an eruption of Mt. Fuji, showing the evacuation timing as well as areas that require evacuation. In this plan, the population in areas that require evacuation from lava flows and others exceeds 700,000 and the estimated number of wide-area evacuees is 208,000 in total (described in green in the above map). To carry out the plan smoothly, further investigation on the evacuation procedure and others is necessary: an effort to enhance its effectiveness is to be continued by reviewing the plan and through drills.

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3. Seismic intensity distributions 【Earthquake along the Suruga Trough・Nankai Trough】【Earthquake along the Sagami Trough】

Level 1 Tokai・Tonankai・Nankai Earthquake Calculated with the strong-motion fault model for an earthquake along the Nankai Trough (for a case with seismic motion in the basic area) provided by the Cabinet Office (2012)

Level 2 Huge earthquake along the Nankai Trough(for a case with seismic motion in the basic area)

Level 2 Huge earthquake along the Nankai Trough(for a case with seismic motion in the area closer to the land)

Level 2 Huge earthquake along the Nankai Trough(for a case with seismic motion in the eastern area)

Seismic Intensity

Seismic Intensity

Seismic Intensity

Seismic Intensity

U H U H

UHUH

U H U H

UHUH

or below or below

or below or below

Level 1 Taisho-type Kanto Earthquake Level 2 Genroku-type Kanto Earthquake

U H U H

or below

Seismic Intensity

UHUH

or below

Seismic Intensity

7

4. Estimated tsunami heights at coasts The numbers in the table are expressed in meters above T.P.

along the Suruga Trough・Nankai Trough along the Sagami Trough Level 1 *1 Level 2 *2 Level 1 Level 2 City

Town maximum average maximum average maximum average maximum average

Kosai City 7 3 15 5 2 1 4 2 Hamamatsu City Kita Ward 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Hamamatsu City Nishi Ward 7 2 14 3 2 1 3 2 Hamamatsu City Minami Ward 7 6 15 13 2 2 3 3 Iwata City 6 5 12 10 2 1 3 2 Fukuroi City 5 5 10 9 2 2 4 3 Kakegawa City 6 5 13 11 2 2 4 4 Omaezaki City 11 7 19 12 3 2 6 4 Makinohara City 11 6 14 11 3 2 5 4 Yoshida Town 5 4 9 7 2 2 4 3 Yaizu City 6 4 10 6 2 2 4 2 Shizuoka City Suruga Ward 7 5 12 8 2 2 5 4 Shizuoka City Shimizu Ward 7 4 11 6 2 2 4 2 Fuji City 3 3 6 5 2 2 4 2 Numazu City 7 4 10 7 4 2 5 2 Izu City 7 5 10 8 2 2 3 2 Nishi-Izu Town 7 5 15 9 2 2 3 2 Matsuzaki Town 8 5 16 12 2 2 4 3 Minami-Izu Town 7 5 26 15 4 2 9 4 Shimoda City 9 4 33 15 5 3 10 5 Kawazu Town 4 3 13 10 4 3 6 5 Higashi-Izu City 3 3 14 8 4 3 6 4 Ito City 3 2 10 5 7 4 8 5 Atami City 2 2 5 4 7 5 9 6

Note: tsunami heights are rounded off to one decimal place in centimeters and rounded up to the nearest integer. *1 Maximum estimated heights for three scenarios; Tokai Earthquake, Tokai・Tonankai Earthquake and Tokai・Tonankai・Nankai Earthquake *2 Maximum estimated heights for an Earthquake along the Nankai Trough among the case #1, #6 and #8 provided by the Cabinet Office (2012).

Expansion of high-priority areas for nuclear disaster countermeasures

radius of 20 km from the plant and sheltering order for 20 - 30 km radius. Based on this, the high-priority areas for nuclear disaster countermeasures were reexamined by national governments. After reexamined, the area has been expanded to be within the radius of approximately 30 km from a plant which is called Urgent Protective action planning Zone (UPZ). In Shizuoka Prefecture, the UPZ for the Hamaoka NPP is within the radius of 31 km, considering the simulation results of diffusion of radioactive materials provided by national governments. Nuclear disaster countermeasures are implemented mostly for this area now. Also, an area within the radius of 5 km from a plant has been designated as where an immediate evacuation is required in the case of unusual conditions at the plant. This is called Precautionary Action Zone (PAZ).

High-priority area for nuclear disaster countermeasures against Hamaoka NPP

(PAZ and UPZ)

Areas in need of preparing nuclear disaster countermeasures with high priority are designated to take an immediate action to protect residents from being exposed to radiation efficiently in case of the abnormal emission of radioactive substances or radioactive rays from a nuclear power plant. Before the accident of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, this area was within the radius of 8 - 10 km from a plant: therefore, also in the area surrounding the Hamaoka NPP, equipments such as radiation meters and protect masks were prepared to be ready just in case in this range of area. However, for the accident of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, evacuation order was issued for the area within the

To ensure safety in the area around the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant (NPP)~ lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi NPP accident ~

UPZ

PAZ

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Achievements of Earthquake Preparedness Projects Operated by Shizuoka Prefecture (as of March 2013)

(unit: 100 million yen) #

3 Operation ofEarthquake Preparedness “Large-Scale Earthquake Countermeasures Special Act” enumerates the shelters, evacuation routes, firefighting facilities, emergency transportation routes and related facilities, communication facilities, etc. as examples of infrastructures that have to be constructed immediately, in order to protect lives and properties from the disaster by a Tokai Earthquake. Shizuoka Prefecture has been constructing various facilities since April 1980 following the Urgent Improvement Project for Earthquake Countermeasures based on “Special Fiscal Measures Act for Urgent Improvement Project for Earthquake Countermeasures in Areas under Intensified Measures against Earthquake Disaster.” The 35-year project will be completed in March 2015.

As for the Five-Year Plan for Earthquake Disaster Prevention Urgent Project based on “Earthquake Disaster Management Special Measures Act,” theprefecture also continues to construct the shelters, emergency transportation routes, etc. from April 2011 to March 2016 following the fourth Five-Year Plan.Additionally, Shizuoka Prefecture has some other earthquake preparedness projects operated individually by the prefecture. The prefecture operated the earthquake preparednessprojects by imposing extra corporation enterprise tax from April 1979 to March 1994, and it has started the projects again from April 2014, with understanding and cooperation of enterprises by using the extra tax as a financial resource.

Total 21,184

Other grant-in-aid to cities and towns 6,900

Reconstruction of earthquake-resistant hospitals, schools and social welfare facilities 4,118

Construction of emergency transportation routes 3,624

Construction of communication facilities 526

Construction of facilities to avoid tsunami hazards 897

Construction of firefighting facilities 839

Construction of shelters and evacuation routes 1,552

Landslide countermeasures 2,728

Construction of shelters and evacuation routes

shelters 92.4 ha, evacuation routes 43.7 km

Reconstruction of earthquake-resistant hospitals, schools and social welfare facilities

primary/junior high school 1,809 schools social welfare facilities 192 facilities

Construction of facilities for avoiding tsunami hazards

river management/coastal conservation facilities 67 facilities

Landslide countermeasures steep-slope-failure prevention facilities, landslide prevention facilities, etc.

2,804 facilities in total

Reduction of Human and Physical Damage

Faster Disaster Emergency Response Construction of emergency transportation routes

emergency transportation routes 25.1 km

Construction of communication facilities multipoint wireless 10,683 stations

Other grant-in-aid to cities and towns

construction of disaster management bases, improvement of densely inhabited areas with old buildings, promoting local voluntary disaster

management organizations, increasing disaster management consciousness, etc.

※as of March 2013

Rate of earthquake resistant public schools (99.2%) and government offices (95%)

Highest in Japan!!※

Rate of cities and towns with disaster prevention administrative radio (100%)

Highest in Japan!!

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Tsunami countermeasures based on the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

Shizuoka Prefecture established “the Review Meeting of Tsunami Countermeasures in Shizuoka Prefecture” in April 2011, right after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, reviewed tsunami countermeasures urgently and comprehensively and took necessary measures in both software and hardware parts such as the settlement of “Tsunami Countermeasures Action Program (short-term version)” in September 2011.

Category of countermeasures Main measures 1. Protection

(1) Urgent inspection of facilities Survey of current status and inspection of coastal dikes, water gates, etc. (2) Implementation of

urgent improvement Implementation of river dikes, breast wall structure for fishing ports, etc. (3) Steady implementation of

planned improvement Implementation of sea walls and water gates, and centralized management of the operation of water gates

2. Preparation

(1) Securing shelters Designation of tsunami evacuation buildings and establishment of tsunami evacuation towers ※ tsunami evacuation facilities: 518 (March 2011) 1,330 (March 2013)

(2) Securing and Implementation of evacuation routes Implementation of evacuation routes and emergency exit lights

(3) Review of local disaster management plan Review of tsunami evacuation plans for schools and social welfare facilities

(4) Review of estimate of damage Review of the 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes and tsunami hazard maps

(5) Inspection of facilities for earthquake and tsunami disaster management

Inspection of tsunami inundation risk for facilities and corrective actions

3. Evacuation

(1) Prompt and appropriate communication

Installation of emergency exit signs and information provision via emergency warning e-mails ※ emergency exit signs: 2,799 (March 2011) 13,368 (March 2013) ※ information provision service via area e-mails in 21 (all) coastal cities/towns

(2) Raising awareness of tsunami disaster reduction

Conducting disaster drills and lectures, and enhancement of materials for disaster preparedness

(3) Confirmation of damage situation, evacuation status and people’s safety

Installation of surveillance cameras and preparation of tsunami evacuation registers

Working on building “Shizuoka Model” Adding to securing the height and qualitative strength to protect from tsunamis categorized as Level 1, Shizuoka Prefecture promotes the improvement of “Shizuoka Model” which is a measure to improve the safety by raising and reinforcing the existing protection forest, sand hill, roads and others for areas where residents’agreement is obtained. This is a measure against the concern specific to Shizuoka Prefecture that significant inundation damage is expected to wide range of low-lying area, where tsunamis will hit in a very short time and is with a large amount of population and property.

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Shizuoka Prefecture established the “Earthquake and Tsunami Countermeasure Action Program 2013” (AP2013) in 2013 to reduce damage estimated in the 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes as much as possible. The AP2013 sets a goal of reducing the estimated number of deaths by 80% within 10 years. In this project, the prefecture is acting on tsunami countermeasures as well as a broad range of earthquake countermeasures by setting goals for the main tasks such as building damages, fires and landslides. The prefecture will support cities and towns in establishing action programs and it is planned to have all the cities and towns establish action programs by the end of the first half of 2014.

4 Earthquake and Tsunami Counter- measures Action Program 2013

The basic principle of AP2013 is the “mitigation” which aims at minimizing damages considering human life protection most important. Its basic objectives consist of the following three pillars, “protect life from earthquake and tsunami,” “protect daily life of prefectural residents after disaster” and “accomplish immediate and steady recovery and reconstruction,” and 162 measures in total have been conducted. The period of AP2013 is 10 years from 2013 to 2022.

In order to achieve the mitigation target, Shizuoka Prefecture will fully address to earthquake and tsunami countermeasures in both software and hardware parts given in the Action Program by protecting life from tsunamis and building collapse as well as by securing tsunami evacuation routes, increasing earthquake resistant houses which is also effective for reducing fire occurrences and enhancing local disaster reduction activities. Especially for tsunamis which are considered to take the largest number of life, the prefecture will secure heights and strength of sea walls and other facilities to reduce tsunami inundation areas as well as to delay the arrival of tsunamis, and promote implementation of “inochi-yama,” which is a tsunami evacuation facility whose ground level was artificially raised, and tsunami evacuation towers to eliminate areas without tsunami shelters. The prefecture also promotes early evacuation from tsunamis by conducting evacuation drills according to local characteristics and by strengthening the steady information provision methods for tsunami warnings and others via emergency warning e-mails, and aims at reducing the number of tsunami casualties significantly. The 4th Estimate

of Damage 10 years later

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Based on the officially announced 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes, Shizuoka Prefecture established a grant system for urgent earthquake and tsunami countermeasures with a revised budget in September 2013, in order to promote projects that cities and towns are urgently working on during the period from April 2013 to March 2016. This system grants to the operating cost of cities and towns for three years in one lump forming a fund, and raised the provision rate from one-third to a half for projects that affect people’s life directly such as the implementation of tsunami evacuation facilities. The prefecture paid the grant for the period from April 2013 to March 2016 in one lump in the fiscal year of 2013 so that cities and towns can work on multi-year projects on/ahead of schedule.

5 Grant for Urgent Earthquake andTsunami Countermeasures

Installation of signboards (Hamamatsu City) Earthquake experience section (Minami-Izu Town)

Conducting disaster drills Preparation of disaster prevention equipments

< April 2013 - March 2016 >< Fiscal year of 2013 >

Grant system for urgent earthquake and tsunami countermeasures

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Since the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the importance is emphasized to use national land well prepared for disaster and mitigation. Shizuoka Prefecture creates and accumulates new industries as well as growing industries using local resources, giving top priority to disaster management and mitigation in coastal・urban areas. It also promotes regional development of inland・high-ground areas to have beautiful scenery and individuality, aiming at developing attractive community that achieves both disaster management and mitigation and region’s growth in the whole prefecture.

6 Working on Developing “Inland Frontier”- “Fuji-no-kuni” Mitigation and Regional Growth Model -4 basic objectives

3 basic strategies

Strengthening disaster management and mitigation function

The prefecture develops disaster-resilient community by strengthening disaster management function using high-standard highways and Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport and by promoting implementation of social infrastructure resistant against earthquakes and tsunamis.

Creating and accumulating new industries using local resources

The prefecture promotes the development as a “city of food” by the sixth sector industrialization and branding prefectural products and invites companies in growing fields and distribution industries.

Creating an environment for a new lifestyle

The prefecture aims at creating an environment for a comfortable life in harmony with nature and promotes local production and consumption of energy using endemic renewable energy.

Implementation of infrastructure to support daily life

The prefecture implements transportation・information networks and constructs wide-area distribution networks to promote the development of disaster-resilient community with substitutability and redundancy ensured.

Renovation of coastal・urban areas The prefecture develops disaster-resilient community by enhancing the disaster management function in urban areas giving top priority to mitigation in coastal areas, as well as by creating an urban space with full of water and greenery using space after move.

Innovation of inland・high-ground areas The prefecture aims at developing a new type of community with new industries, an environment that achieves a lifestyle of “Satoyama” co-existing with nature, and so on in certain areas around the IC, SA or PA of the Shin-Tomei Expressway and others.

Formation of regional cooperation axis The prefecture implements transportation・information networks so that the coastal・urban areas and inland・high-ground areas can cooperate and complement each other that will lead to a well-balanced development throughout the region.

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(1) Disaster management system in Shizuoka Prefecture

● Disaster Management District Map ● Disaster Management System

(2) 24/7 risk management system

7 Working on EffectiveDisaster Management In order to improve and strengthen the disaster emergency response in the local areas in the prefecture, such as information collection and support of municipalities, Shizuoka Prefecture established regional centers for emergency management in Kamo, eastern, central and western areas respectively. These

centers are to play the central role as the local headquarters during a disaster. The prefectural headquarter will work in wide and close cooperation with national government offices and coordinate activities throughout the prefecture.

In Shizuoka Prefecture, communication system is ready for 24/7 to respond to emergency situation such as a large earthquake occurrence quickly and accurately. Each department has established a system to transmit the risk information quickly to a staff in charge of communication, who will report to the Director of the Emergency Management Bureau. The Director of the Emergency Management Bureau grasps the situation which requires measures across the entire organization and ensures the initial setup for

emergency measures as reporting to the prefectural governor as necessary. The prefectural governor, deputy governors and leading members in the Emergency Management Bureau has a system to take responsibility in turn that leads to a quick decision making in case of emergency situations. Additionally, disaster management specialists are

arranged in the prefectural office and the four regional centers for emergency management: they collect and transmit information also at night and on holidays.

as of 16 May 2014

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(3) Establishing permanent disaster management headquarters facilities

Shizuoka Pref. Crisis Management Center (East) Shizuoka Pref. Crisis Management Center (East) Area to make decision Area to plan measures and support

Shizuoka Pref. Crisis Management Center (West) Shizuoka Pref. Crisis Management Center (East) Area to collect and analyze information AV operation desk

Communication Control Room Helicopter TV Transmission System established by prefectural government control bureau (communication control room)

Shizuoka Prefecture has established a permanent

crisis management center at the disaster management headquarters in the prefectural government annex building to handle disasters such as large-scale earthquakes. Shizuoka Prefecture Crisis Management Center was re-equipped from December 2007 to July 2008, to enable the head (prefectural governor) and members to expedite decision making and operation, and to accept support teams smoothly that correspond to the Guidelines for Emergency Activities for the Prevention of Tokai Earthquake, in case of large-scale disasters.

Shizuoka Prefecture Crisis Management Center has arranged monitors to each location to understand damage throughout the prefecture immediately after a disaster occurs. The center shares information with staffs that are dispatched from related disaster prevention organizations such as Japan Self-Defense Forces when a disaster occurs so that they can coordinate quickly. The local disaster prevention bureaus also have the

permanent facilities for the local headquarters. Hotlines to the headquarters, municipal headquarters and other necessary functions are in place.

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(4) Plan to obtain support for wide-area in Shizuoka Prefecture

Main base locations of support teams Base of support team at Ashigara service area

(5) National on-site disaster management headquarters

National on-site disaster management headquarters Joint on-site management headquarters meeting (drill on August 31, 2010) (drill on August 31, 2010)

When a large-scale disaster such as a Tokai Earthquake occurs or Tokai Earthquake Warning is declared, “On-Site Headquarters for Urgent Disaster Management” (“On-Site Headquarters for Earthquake Disaster Alert” under declaration of Tokai Earthquake Warning) is established in the Shizuoka Prefectural Government Annex as the on-site headquarters of the national “Headquarters for Urgent Disaster Management” (“Headquarters for Earthquake Disaster Alert” under declaration of Tokai Earthquake Warning) .

This on-site headquarters is headed by the Senior Vice Minister or the Parliamentary Secretary for the Cabinet Office and consists of the staffs of related government offices such as the Cabinet Office, Fire and Disaster Management Agency, and Ministry ofHealth, Labour and Welfare. This on-site headquarterscoordinates the activities with prefecture, collects damage information and requests for support, provides information on the measures of the national government and supports prefecture.

In April 2005, Shizuoka Prefecture formulated the wide-area support acceptance plan to accept national wide-area support smoothly when a Tokai Earthquake etc. occurs. As for the four activity fields of relief and firefighting, medical treatment, providing relief goodsand transportation, this plan points out the number of support teams and patients in need of aid or wide-area medical transfer, amount of expected relief goods, and scale and area to transport clearly as the main activities. To carry out activities steadily based on the plans, Shizuoka Prefecture checks each role assignment, understands the stock status of personnel and equipment, and examines the plans for activity bases and heliports in cooperation mostly with local disaster prevention bureaus, and with municipalities and Self-Defense Force.

Scale of support team dispatch (maximum for the case of Tokai Earthquake)

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(6) Use of Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport in the case of disasters

Functions of Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport in the case of disasters

① Function as an initial assembly area for support teams and as a base camp

Acceptance place of a support team (national governments, Japan Self-Defense Forces, police, fire fighters, volunteers, U.S. Armed Forces) in case Shizuoka Prefecture is suffering from disasters

② Function to relay and distribute emergency relief goods

Relay and distribution base of emergency relief goods transported by air/road from out of Shizuoka Prefecture, and fueling base

③ Function as a wide-area staging care unit (SCU)

Establishment of SCU, transportation of seriously ill patients

④ Function as an on-site disaster management headquarters

On-site disaster management headquarters, and base for volunteer activities (both Japanese people and foreigners)

⑤ Function as a nuclear disaster base

Base facility for national, prefectural and local governments to take emergency response measures in one united body in the case of nuclear disasters

Range of Activity of a helicopter from Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport

Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport is to be used as a “large scale wide-area disaster-management base” to accept wide-area support by national governments and others effectively. It will also be used as a base to dispatch support staffs to other prefectures.

100 km

30 min.

150 km 45 min.200 km

60 min.

Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport

Large scale wide-area disaster-management base

Terminal building

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(7) Wide-area support system in case of disaster

Agreements on wide-area support concluded in Shizuoka Prefecture Name Region Member local public body and others Execution date

(original execution date)

Agreement on wide-area support in case of disaster in the whole country (National Governors’ Association)

The whole country

- Hokkaido Tohoku Governors’ Association - Kanto Governors’ Association - Chubu Governors’ Association - Kinki Governors’ Association - Chugoku Governors’ Association - Shikoku Governors’ Association - Kyushu Governors’ Association

18 May 2012 (18 July 1996)

Mutual aid agreement in case of earthquake disaster (Kanto Governors’ Association)

Metropolitan and 9 prefectures mainly inthe Kanto region

Prefectures of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Tochigi, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Kanagawa, Yamanashi, Shizuoka and Nagano

31 July 2013 (16 June 1977)

Aid agreement in case of disaster (Chubu Governors’ Association)

9 prefectures and 1 citymainly in the Chubu region

Prefectures of Toyama, Ishikawa, Fukui, Nagano, Gifu, Shizuoka, Aichi, Mie, and Shiga, and Nagoya City

26 July 2007 (31 March 1977)

Mutual aid agreement in case of disaster between Kumamoto and Shizuoka Prefectures

Kumamoto Prefecture Shizuoka Prefecture Same as on the left 25 July 2011

Mutual aid agreement in case of disaster between Kagoshima and Shizuoka Prefectures

Kagoshima Prefecture Shizuoka Prefecture Same as on the left 14 November

2011

Mutual aid agreement on disaster preparedness between Shizuoka Prefecture and Zhejiang Province

(People’s Republic of China)

Zhejiang Province Shizuoka Prefecture

Same as on the left 8 December 2008

Mutual aid agreement on disaster preparedness between Shizuoka Prefecture Emergency Management Department and Taiwan Fire Department

Taiwan local government Shizuoka Prefecture

Cities of Keelung, New Taipei, Taipei, Taoyuan, Chaiyi and Tainan (agreement was concluded individually)

17 February 2014

Shizuoka Prefecture concluded agreements on wide-area support to be able to obtain support from other prefectures in case that a large scale disaster occurs and the prefecture cannot operate enough emergency response. There are agreements among the National Governors’ Association, Kanto Governors’ Association and Chubu Governors’ Association that Shizuoka Prefecture belongs to, as well as those concluded individually with Kumamoto or Kagoshima Prefecture. In these agreements, the prefecture not only obtains

support but also supports other prefectures in case disaster occurs and they need support. Shizuoka Prefecture has not yet encountered the situation to obtain support from other prefectures but has experience of supporting others for the cases of the 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake, the 2007 Off Mid Niigata Earthquake and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (for Iwate Prefecture). Additionally, it supported Yamanashi Prefecture in February 2014 for the disaster due to heavy snow.

Medical examinations for the residents by medical relief staffs

Transportation of foods to the shelters bydispatched officers, etc.

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(8) Firefighter aviation corps

Rescue drill Fire drill

In order to prepare the quick and wide-area aviation fire and disaster management system, Shizuoka Prefecture established the firefighter aviation corps with disaster prevention helicopters and highly trained members in 1997. When a large-scale disaster such as a Tokai Earthquake occurs, the disaster prevention helicopter (nickname: Orange Arrow) carries out the disaster emergency response, relief/rescue activity and forest fire fighting, and protects Shizuoka Prefecture from the air.

Organization / - 8 firefighters dispatched to the prefecture - belong to emergency management dept. - members have an additional post as prefecture officers

Establishment / April 1, 1997 Flight time / - 365 days a year

- sunrise to sunset in emergency (except the maintenance season)

Air base / in “Shizuoka Heliport” / emergency dispatch and drill to prepare

the disaster quick response systems for medical transport, rescue, firefighting, etc.

Duties

- medical transport - rescue - fire fighting - disaster emergency response

- normal time investigation of disaster hazardous areas- ensuring the places for taking-off and landing out of the heliport - support of wide-area aviation firefighting activities - support activities under the emergency fire department support corps

Mutual assistance agreement related to disaster prevention helicopters

Shizuoka Prefecture and Shizuoka City, as well as Shizuoka Prefecture and Hamamatsu City concluded “the Mutual Assistance Agreement for the Aviation Fire Management in Shizuoka Prefecture,” respectively. In this agreement, the prefecture and the cities are to assist mutually when its helicopter is unavailable due to the routine inspection, when two or more helicopters are necessary for a case of disaster or when a plurality of disasters occur at the same time: they strengthen the aviation fire management system in Shizuoka Prefecture by covering the whole prefecture with three helicopters. Additionally, Shizuoka Prefecture has concluded the mutual assistance agreement with Yamanashi and Nagano Prefectures, respectively, and four prefectures and one city in Tokai Region (Shizuoka, Gifu, Mie and Aichi Prefectures and Nagoya City) have also concluded the mutual assistance agreement.

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(9) Fuji-no-kuni disaster information sharing system (“FUJISAN”)

In case of wide-area disaster such as an earthquake along the Nankai Trough, it is important to share information not only among the prefectural branch offices and municipalities but among related disaster prevention organizations like the Japan Self-Defense Force, police, fire-fighters and lifeline companies in order to move forward with disaster management. Shizuoka Prefecture established the “Fuji-no-kuni Disaster Information Sharing System (FUJISAN)” to collect damage information and share the information with municipalities, related disaster prevention organizations and lifeline companies. As strong shake with the seismic intensity of 5 upper or greater is expected in many places in the prefecture, Shizuoka Prefecture installed a server out of the prefecture for information processing using cloud computing, aiming at making the system disaster-resistant and available during a case of wide-area disaster. The system is designed to be available from anywhere at anytime by connecting cloud services (Internet) without a special software.

Disaster Information Sharing Database Basic data about shelters, first-aid stations, heliports, hospitals at

disaster management offices, first-aid hospitals and others are archived and visualized in the database. In case of disaster, information on their availability appears on this database.

Display for damage information collectionShared information is available not only in a list but in other styles according to the usage.

Main display of the system Icons are in color depending on the type of information. Items are selectable for easier use considering a case of emergency.

Visualized on Geographic Information System (GIS) Visualization of various data for disaster on the GIS enables those, not familiar with the place or not much experienced emergency responses, to grasp the situation of disaster easily. Easy information collection

Disaster information can be input from a mobile phone and a smart phone.

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Prefectural headquarters Damage situation will be grasped quickly in Shizuoka Prefecture by sharing information with municipalities, related disaster prevention organizations and lifeline companies.

Main display of the system

The following four kinds of information, which the prefecture, cities and towns input in the “FUJISAN,” are distributed to the media such as TV and radio via the “Public Information COMMONS.” 1. Establishment of prefectural and municipal

headquarters 2. Availability of shelters 3. Evacuation advisory/order 4. Comprehensive damage information Evacuation advisory/order can be distributed from the “FUJISAN” to emergency warning e-mails (area e-mails) provided by mobile phone companies and not only the residents but people in Shizuoka Prefecture including travelers can receive the information timely. The prefecture provides information in various ways, such as on its website.

Shizuoka Prefecture’s website

Distribution ofemergency warning e-mails

Public information COMMONS

Municipal Headquarters Evacuation advisories/orders can be distributed to TV and mobile phones timely, based on the collected information. This system is effective in case the information from the multipoint wireless is hard to listen to.

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(10) Advanced information network system

Communication Satellite “Super-Bird”

Municipality and Related Disaster Prevention Organization have functions of receiving images and simultaneous calls, fax communications, hotlines, etc. and play a role as a link between governments and local residents.

Civil Engineering Office and other Prefectural Branch Office works on disaster recovery and secondary disaster prevention by collecting information on roads and rivers etc.

Mobility Device transmits voice information in real time from damaged areas.

Wireless Relay Station relays information from prefectural government to local disaster prevention bureaus, municipalities, etc.

Portable Satellite Earth Stationtransmits initial information by voice, FAX, etc. from damaged areas.

In May 1996, Shizuoka Prefecture constructed the efficient “comprehensive information network system” by establishing two routes of satellite communication and ground wireless, as a part of information infrastructure to meet the advanced information system. This system unified the ground wireless and satellite communication synthetically and organically, and is highly reliable. The system is constructed as a communication channel connecting the prefectural office, municipalities and related disaster prevention organizations, and is used practically for various purposes such as data transmission, general administration phone and monitoring as well as disaster prevention communication. Currently, the prefecture has been working on the implementation of the digitized disaster prevention communication system centering on the digitization. It established the basic plan in 2008, created basic and detailed design in 2009 and 2010, and started the construction in 2011. The completion is aimed to be at the end of March 2015. From now on, Shizuoka Prefecture will establish the disaster-resistant and high-standard disaster prevention communication network taking advantage of digital system.

Local Disaster Prevention Bureau(Local Headquarters) acts as a local information base connecting the prefectural government and municipalities etc. by receiving simultaneous calls from prefecture and sending them to municipalities, etc.

Prefectural Government (Headquarters for Disaster Management)understands whole system as the general bureau and responds to disaster etc.

Relay Mobile for Satellite Transmission transmits videos from damaged areas.

Disaster Prevention Helicopter

records the situation at damaged areas with installed cameras and transmits it.

Location of facilities (as of April 1, 2013)Details

Name of facilities Deployed number of facilities

Ground wireless station

Satellite earth

stationPrefectural government (headquarters) 1 1 1Relay station 11 11 -Reflection plate 2 2 -Comprehensive office 9 9 9Independent civil engineering office 2 2 2Public works branch (include substation) 8 8 8Other prefectural branch office 9 9 9Enterprise bureau branch office 4 - 4Municipality (include branches) 44 44 44Fire disaster managementorganization 23 23 23Related disaster management organization 11 10 9Hospital at disaster management office 9 - 9Relay mobile for satellite transmission 1 - 1

Portable satellite earth station - - 18Total 134 119 137

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(11) Certification system for “Fuji-no kuni” disaster preparedness

Shizuoka Prefecture established a “Prefectural governor’s certification system for disaster preparedness in Fuji-no-kuni” to expand the range of local disaster preparedness in August 2010. This system has six kinds of certifications such as “Fuji-no-kuni disaster management specialist,” “Fuji-no-kuni disaster management meister,” “Fuji-no-kuni junior disaster management specialist” and others. The prefecture is working on human resource development to secure human resources with knowledge enough to take appropriate actions by their own judgement in case of the occurrence of large-scale disaster like a Tokai Earthquake, and/or those who can be a leader of local disaster preparedness in the next generation.

Type of certification Details Fuji-no-kuni disaster preparedness fellow

People who are engaged in practical business affairs related to disaster management in municipalities and/or companies, and have practical skill to understand disaster information.

Fuji-no-kuni disaster management specialist

People with expert knowledge in disaster management who can act as a leader of on-site disaster management such as in communities and/or business establishments.

Fuji-no-kuni disaster management meister

People who have national qualifications or other equivalent ones considered to be useful in case of disaster and knowledge on disaster management, and can take appropriate action by their own judgement using the knowledge and techniques in case of disaster.

Fuji-no-kuni local disaster management instructor

People assigned by cities/towns as a local disaster management instructor who can instruct in mitigation management in communities as well as in disaster imagination games held by local voluntary disaster management organizations.

Fuji-no-kuni disaster volunteer coordinator

People who can make coordination to do volunteer activities effectively to meet the supports needed by victims in damaged areas in case of disaster.

Fuji-no-kuni junior disaster management specialist

Elementary and junior/senior high school pupils in the prefecture with disaster management consciousness, who can protect themselves from disaster such as a Tokai Earthquake and are expected to be a leader in local disaster management taking part in local disaster preparedness activities in the next generation.

Training course of Fuji-no-kuni disaster management specialists

People to play a leading role in disaster management in their municipality, company or community take this training course and 1,263 people have been conferred with the certification by the prefectural governor so far.

Training course of Fuji-no-kuni junior disaster management specialists

This training course is conducted in cooperation with the Board of Education. In this training course, elementary and junior/senior high school pupils participate in disaster drills in theircommunity and submit a report. 1,190 pupils have been conferred with the certification by the prefectural governor so far.

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Disaster Imagination Game [DIG]

This drill was created for residents by Mr. Takashi Komura and Mie Prefecture in 1997 and was named DIG taking the first letters of words Disaster Imagination Game. Participants surround a map and write down the facilities for disaster management and estimated hazard areas, which will be effective for the following:

1. understanding the local disaster management system concretely andvisually

2. considering the voluntary disaster management through discussion and opinion exchange as well as increasing the awareness of disaster management

3. deepening the communication and cooperation among participants as well as extending the network of disaster management related people

DIG at home ~ method to stay home even after an earthquake ~

Shizuoka Prefecture created the “Domestic DIG – method to stay home even after an earthquake –” in November 2009 as a tool for residents to consider the reconstruction of an earthquake-resistant home, fixing furniture and the life after an earthquake occurrence and to promote the earthquake disaster management at home by themselves. This game is for families to discuss, with drawing chart and writing, the anticipated situation in the house at a large earthquake occurrence, how to live at home when electricity, water and gas are cut and what kind of preparation is required for the situation and to take action.

Hinanjo Un’ei Game [HUG] (meaning shelter management game) Shizuoka Prefecture developed the Hinanjo Un’ei Game [HUG] (meaning shelter management game) in 2007 as one of the approaches to consider shelter management together. HUG is named taking the first letters of words Hinanjo Un’ei Game but also named after the English word “hug” imagining the situation to accept evacuees with tenderness at shelters. It is a game for participants to simulatively experience how appropriately arrange evacuees on a ground plan regarding it as a gymnasium or a class room, or how to manage various events that happen in a shelter. In the game, participants arrange many evacuees includingelderly people, handicapped people, disaster orphans and people accompanying pets, who have their own individual circumstances. They also decide locations of rest rooms as well as for hot meal services and accept volunteers. This game is aiming at working on the shelter management with obtaining new awareness or viewpoint as well as with deepening understandings of each other by realizing the differences in the way of thinking through the above activities. HUG is a registered trademark of the prefecture (registered on 12 March 2010).

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(12) Encourage local voluntary disaster management organizations through collaboration and trainings (13) Acceptance and support of disaster volunteers

To protect ourselves and our family from a large-scale earthquake such as a Tokai Earthquake, we have to undertake enough preparedness measures for the occurrence of various disasters. However, once a large-scale earthquake occurs, what an individual or a family can do to prevent disaster expansion is limited, and sometimes it is accompanied with danger and difficulty. In such cases, it is necessary for neighbors, who meet in daily life, to gather, cooperate with each other and work on disaster prevention systematically. “Local voluntary disaster management organization” is an organization for local people to work on disaster preparedness together, not only during disasters but on a daily basis. Those organizations are formed almost 100%,

about 5,000 organizations, throughout the prefecture. In order for the residents to act adequately and minimize damage when a large-scale disaster occurs, local voluntary disaster management organizations are preparing for the damage due to earthquakes such as

safety check in local areas, dissemination andeducation of knowledge on disaster management to the residents, operation of disaster management drills, and more. Also, when an earthquake actually occurs, local voluntary disaster management organizations play very important roles such as initial firefighting, rescuing victims, collecting information, administration of shelters, among other things. Shizuoka Prefecture is also working on professional

trainings for “Fuji-no-kuni disaster management specialists” and “Fuji-no-kuni disaster management instructors” to promote enrichment and build-up of local disaster management ability through collaborationwith local voluntary disaster management organizations,related disaster management organizations, firefightingcorps, disaster management specialists, disaster volunteers, schools, business establishments, welfare commissioners and children’s commissioners, welfare groups, and so on.

Safety Check in Local Areas

Dissemination and Education of Knowledge on Disaster Management Disaster Management Drills

Initial Firefighting

Rescue

Collection and Transmission of Information Evacuation Guidance

Administration of Shelters

Normal Condition

Activ

ities

of l

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agem

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Activities to prepare for large-scale disasters through safety check in local areas or residences and disaster management drills

Activities to protect people and prevent disasters from expanding when large-scale disasters occur

DuringDisaster

Safety Check in Local Areas

Dissemination and Education of Knowledge on Disaster Management Disaster Management Drills

Initial Firefighting

Rescue

Collection and Transmission of Information Evacuation Guidance

Administration of Shelters

Normal ConditionNormal

Condition

Activ

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of l

ocal

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Activities to prepare for large-scale disasters through safety check in local areas or residences and disaster management drills

Activities to protect people and prevent disasters from expanding when large-scale disasters occur

DuringDisasterDuring

Disaster

When the disaster management headquarters and local headquarters are established, Shizuoka Prefecture will establish the prefectural disaster volunteer headquarters and information center as well as municipal support team and support the setup and management of municipal disaster volunteer headquarters, in cooperation with Shizuoka Council of Social Welfare, Shizuoka Volunteer Association and volunteer groups. In order to make this system work smoothly, the prefecture carries out the drills of setup and operation of volunteer headquarters in cooperation with Shizuoka Volunteer Association. Also, disaster volunteer coordinators are trained as human resources to support the management of these headquarters operations. Additionally, the prefecture established a “Fund for Shizuoka Prefecture Disaster Volunteer Activities” for the first time in the country as the fund for operation cost when the headquarters are established (the balance of the fund at the end of March 2014 was about 52 million yen).

Shizuoka Prefecture also established “the Fuji-no-kuni international disaster volunteer support network”on 4 March 2011 and is working on the establishment of a system to support as well as to obtain support both domestically and internationally in cooperation with Shizuoka Volunteer Association.

Support Activities by Disaster Volunteer Groups

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(14) Project "TOUKAI-0" (Project "no collapse" in Japanese)

Process from earthquake resistance evaluation to reinforcement work

….translation: Step 1. Earthquake resistance evaluation by a specialist (free of charge); Step 2. Designing seismic reinforcement work; Step 3. Seismic reinforcement work.

lives in an earthquake, it is significant to know the earthquake resistance of our houses and strengthen them not to collapse in an earthquake. To protect as many lives of the prefectural residences as possible from a Tokai Earthquake, Shizuoka Prefecture has been promoting the project "TOUKAI-0" in cooperation with cities and towns.

More than 80 % of the deaths in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake were a result of being crushed or suffocated to death due to building collapse and falling down of furniture. Especially, the wooden residences constructed before June 1981, following the former structural design criteria for earthquake resistance, were seriously damaged. In order not to lose precious

In the case of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake,around the half of the 5,400 deaths due to buildingcollapse and falling down of furniture were the elderly as elderly people tend to be weak in leg and waist muscles and have difficulty in evacuating immediately. Also, many of them could not continue living at their own home but had to live in an inconvenient shelter. Therefore, with high priority, the prefecture is making house-to-house visits to residences of the elderly, raising awareness through social and children’s social workers and holding visiting lectures seizing an opportunity of the elderly to gather.

This project is aiming at raising the rate of earthquake -resistant residences to 90% by the end of March 2016, with applying the grant for seismic reinforcement of wooden residences to 20,000 residences. The prefecture calls for the importance of reconstruction of earthquake-resistant residences in cooperation with officers of the Community and Environmental Affairs Department and the Public Works Office as well as municipal officers by conducting a promotion campaign, utilizing a simplified version of “Wooden Collapse Bu-Ru-Ru,” and distributing a collection book of renovation for earthquake-resistance.

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(15) Shizuoka Prefectural Earthquake Preparedness Education Center

Shizuoka Prefectural Earthquake Preparedness Education Center

Address: 5-9-1 Komagata-dori, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0042, Japan

Phone: +81-54-251-7100 Website: http://www.e-quake.pref.shizuoka.jp Close on Monday

Tsunami theater Earthquake experience section

Permanent exhibition corner Exhibition corner for emergency supplieschosen from the public

Introduction of the exhibits and learning by experience sections

TSUNAMI Theater: learn the threat and mechanism of tsunamis with powerful image in a 230-inch liquid-crystal multi display

Tokai Earthquake Section: learn the damage estimation in a Tokai Earthquake with a multi screenEarthquake Experience Section: experience the realistic seismic shake with three directions, front-rear,

right-left and up-down Earthquake Resistance Section: exhibits the methods for earthquake resistance reinforcement and those

to prevent furniture from falling in the existing full-sized wooden house, and also exhibits the new full-sized earthquake resistant house

Exhibition corner for emergency supplies chosen from the public: exhibits latest emergency supplies

Shizuoka Prefectural Earthquake Preparedness Education Center opened in April 1989 as an education center to let the citizens learn the knowledge and skill to stand up to a Tokai Earthquake, and also to activate the local voluntary disaster prevention organizations. The center has a “knowledge” area to learn the mechanism of earthquakes and disaster management, a “preparation” area to learn reconstruction of earthquake -resistant buildings and fixing furniture and an “action” area to experience various types of seismic shake as well as halls, conference rooms and a library. Around 50,000 people use this center every year. The exhibition of the center has been renewed since April 2014 mainly for the Tokai Earthquake Section. Explanation on the 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture and experimental devices to understand principles of shake, liquefaction and tsunami have been introduced (see the next page). The center is also used as a base to promote exchange of disaster management related people and researchers by establishing the “Shizuoka Disaster Management Consortium” in cooperation with each university in the prefecture and the press. It gives high priority in human

resource development to maintain and secure local disaster management activities with self- and mutual-support adjusting oneself to the change of social environment, and holds lectures on disaster managementfor citizens regularly as well as other types of lectures on that theme.

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Experimental devices introduced after the renewal of the exhibition of the center

The exhibition of the center has been renewed mainly for the Tokai Earthquake Section. Experimental devices to understand generation mechanisms of shake, tsunami and liquefaction have been introduced. For example, the shake experience device generates shakes by turning the wheel and shows the difference in shaking (resonance) of structures with different heights. A large display by the wheel shows the period of the shaking so that everybody from kids to adults can see the period of shaking that they generate with their hands. In the renewed Tokai Earthquake Section, people can gain knowledge of mechanisms how natural disasters occur and can also learn the 4th estimate of damage from the earthquakes in Shizuoka Prefecture, disaster preparedness with self-, mutual- and public-support and disaster management in details.

Shake experimental device

Tsunami experimental device

Liquefaction experimental device

Disaster response drill for local voluntary disaster management organizations “Image TEN”

In the case of super wide-area disaster, the role of local voluntary disaster management organizations, which will be the key of mutual-support, is very important. Therefore, Shizuoka Prefecture is working on disseminating a disaster response drill for those organizations called “Image TEN” in addition to the Disaster Imagination Game [DIG] and Hinanjo Un’ei Game [HUG] (see section (11) in this chapter) to all the local voluntary disaster management organizations in the prefecture. The “Image TEN” enables the organizations to imagine their disaster response concretely. This dissemination is aiming at their taking appropriate response recognizing the estimation of damage in each area concretely as well as conducting high-quality and practical drills considering the point of view of the elderly, handicapped people and women.

In this drill, participants raise questions using cards on which ‘what kind of situation may occur right after the disaster occurrence in each voluntary disaster management organization’ is written, for example, “some houses collapsed,” “fire has occurred” and “some people has been severely wounded.” Then, they consider possible responses and discuss the current situation of the organizations. This will be a high-standard drill to solve local problems.

Manual of “Image TEN” composed by Shizuoka PrefectureThis manual is available on the prefecture’s web site. URL: http://www.pref.shizuoka.jp/bousai/chosa/image10.html

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Disaster Management Drills 8 Therefore, Shizuoka Prefecture is conducting drills such as a drill to train prefecture officers and a drill to be conducted in conjunction with the regional community like local voluntary disaster prevention organizationssystematically throughout the year. Drills mainly operatedare as follows.

Since earthquake disasters cause wide and various damage and confusion, quick and accurate responses are expected. To keep calm in an emergency, it is necessary to learn what to do by practicing drills repeatedly for all possible scenarios in normal times.

Personnel Mobilization Drill in the Prefecture Middle or late April

This mobilization drill is annually held in middle or late April for all the staffs without notice in advance, under estimation of a Tokai Earthquake’s sudden occurrence. This drill aims to maintain initial responses in the disaster management headquarters after the personnel change in April.

Comprehensive Drill for Disaster Management Disaster Drill Day: September 1 Disaster Preparedness Week: August 30 – September 5

“Tokai Earthquake Theory” was presented in 1976 and “Large-Scale Earthquake Countermeasures Special Act” was enacted in 1978. In order to deal with the large-scale earthquake disasters, Shizuoka Prefecture has participated in the Comprehensive Drill for Disaster Management since 1979, which estimates the occurrence of a Tokai Earthquake, and is currently expecting the occurrence of a large earthquake along the Nankai Trough. The nation, prefecture, municipalities, related disaster prevention organizations and autonomous disaster prevention organizations cooperate to operate the drill, aiming to execute measures planned by each family and local voluntary disaster prevention organization and to learn how to act for disaster prevention.

Regional Disaster Drill Regional Disaster Drill Day: 1st Sunday in December

“Regional Disaster Prevention Day” was set considering the Tonankai Earthquake which occurred on 7 December 1944. Regional DisasterPrevention Drill has been operated on the 1st Sunday in December, which is called “Regional Disaster Prevention Day,” since 1983 every year. In the drill, each municipality individually operates a series of management drills, such as evacuation, firefighting and rescue after the earthquake occurrence, mainly under the local voluntary disaster prevention organization’s lead. This drill aims to make use of each local characteristic and learn how to mitigate disasters.

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Earthquake Countermeasures Operation (Role-Playing Simulation) Middle January

This drill operates repeatedly the practical role-playing simulation systematically, which estimates the occurrence of a Tokai Earthquake, and aim to improve comprehensive disaster management skill of theprefecture by inspecting the disaster emergency responses and enhancing the officers’ skill. It conducts drills for each disaster emergency response field, such as medical relief activities, securing emergency transportation routes, providing materials, communications, etc. and operates the comprehensive role-playing simulation drill in cooperation with the nation, municipalities and related disaster prevention organizations in January.

Tsunami Evacuation Drill Tsunami Preparedness Promotion Period: Early in March

When a large earthquake occurs, tsunami will hit the coastal areas in the prefecture and severe damage is expected. In order to prepare for this case, based on the experience for the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake,the prefecture, municipalities along the coasts, related disaster prevention organizations and local voluntary disaster managementorganizations operate Tsunami Evacuation Drill on one day during the Tsunami Preparedness Promotion Period early in March. This drill aims to operate drills of information communication to residents, evacuation drills for residents to confirm the location of shelters and evacuation routes, measurement of time required for evacuation and safety inspection of evacuation routes, and to learn how to mitigate disasters.

Emergency Response Aviation Help Drill Around February

When a large earthquake occurs, roads are to be cut off in various places in the prefecture which may make land traffic unavailable. In this case, helicopters will be used to transport support staffs and materials. To use helicopters effectively in case of disaster, Shizuoka Prefecture operates helicopters at regular intervals and examines the availability of temporary heliports in the prefecture in cooperation with the Japan Self-Defense Force and fire-fighters, and conducts landing-guidance drills operated by residents.

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(1) Governmental system of earthquake research

① Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion

Based on the Earthquake Disaster Management Special Measures Act, which was enacted in July 1995, the Headquarters of Earthquake Research Promotion was established to advance earthquake research. A Policy Committee was created to examine planning, coordination, formulation and public relations for the policies. An Earthquake Research Committee was created to assess research results for earthquakes. ② Earthquake Assessment Committee for ③ Coordinating Committee for Earthquake the Areas Under Intensified Measures Prediction against Earthquake Disaster

9 Monitoring System forTokai Earthquake

This committee is a consultative body under the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), established at the time of the designation of the Areas under Intensified Measures against Earthquake Disaster (August 7, 1979) based on the Large-Scale Earthquake Countermeasures Special Act. It is comprised of six university professors in Tokyo who will assess if the anomaly leads to a Tokai Earthquake when strainmeter data show irregular over reference values, etc. When the assessment indicates it is connected with the earthquake occurrence, it is reported to the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister will issue the warning declaration for the areas under intensified measures after the Cabinet meeting decision, and inform the residences in the areas about Tokai Earthquake Warning.

This committee was established in 1969. Members are specialists from government offices (JMA, GeospatialInformation Authority (GSI), etc.) and universitiesinvolved in the project of earthquake prediction and they examine the latest observed data. The secretariat is in the GSI. In addition to the regular meetings every three months, the central, east and west Japan sectional meetings and special plenary meetings are convened when anomalous phenomenon is observed.

Chairman Katsuyuki ABE (Professor Emeritus at University of Tokyo) Members Teruyuki KATO (Professor at the Earthquake Research Institute

(ERI), University of Tokyo) Naoshi HIRATA (Professor at ERI, University of Tokyo, and Director

of Earthquake Prediction Research Center, ERI) Akio YOSHIDA (Visiting Professor at Shizuoka University) Kazunari OBARA (Professor at ERI, University of Tokyo) Shuhei OKUBO (Professor at ERI, University of Tokyo) (as of April 1, 2013)

Chairman Kazuro HIRAHARA (Professor at Grad. School Sci., Kyoto University)Vice Chair / East Japan Branch Chair Toru MATSUZAWA (Professor at Grad. School Sci., Tohoku University,

and Director of the Observation Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University)

Vice Chair / Head of Steering Committee for intensive discussion subjects

Koshun YAMAOKA (Professor at Grad. School Env. Stu.,

Nagoya University) Central Japan Branch Chair Naoshi HIRATA (Professor at ERI, University of Tokyo, and Director

of Earthquake Prediction Research Center, ERI)West Japan Branch Chair Takuro SHIBUTANI (Professor at Disaster Prevention Research Institute,

Kyoto University)Members 25 members

(as of April 1, 2014)

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(2) Observation network for earthquake prediction in Shizuoka Prefecture In the Tokai region, earthquake observation system was strengthened following the Large-Scale Earthquake Countermeasures Special Act. As of April 2014, 496 observation facilities such as seismometers, GPS, strainmeters and tiltmeters are installed in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Distribution of tiltmeters to conduct observations for the prediction of a Tokai Earthquake

Preparation of Observation Facilities for Earthquake・Volcanic Eruption Prediction (as of April 1, 2014) Category of Observation Facilities Telemeters

Strain 29 29 (24) Earthquake 114 113 (98)

Tilt 42 42 (35) Tide 9 9 (9)

Self-Potential 4 4 0 Geomagnetism 23 18 0

Ground Water-Level 18 18 (12) Groundwater 1 1 0

Radon 2 2 0 Contraction 4 3 (2)

Gravity 1 1 0 GPS 233 133 (5)

Electromagnetic Total Force 1 1 0 Geomagnetic Total Force 2 2 0

Soil Temperature 1 1 0 Water Temperature 1 1 0

Dissolved Gas 1 1 0 Seafloor Crustal Movement 3 0 0

High-Sensitivity Camera 3 3 (3) Infrasound Monitor 4 4 (4)

TOTAL 496 386 (192)

Especially, a tiltmeter network of JMA is regarded as a leading force to detect a precursor to a Tokai Earthquake and is also the criteria for issuance of “Information about Tokai Earthquake.” To improve the detection capability in the northwest of the assumed focal region, Shizuoka Prefecture installed deep strainmeter observation equipments in the inland of the prefecture (Haruno-cho and Kawane-Honcho in Tenryu-ku, Hamamatsu City) in 1997 and 1998, and has been transmitting data to JMA.

Inserted strainmeter sensor

Appearance of strainmeter sensor

Concept of Deep Strainmeter

( ) indicates the number of facilities which introduced telemeter system to JMA and are observed 24 hours.

※facilities operated by organizations other than JMA and Shizuoka Prefecture are included

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JMA continually monitors the crustal condition 24 hours a day in detail using observation instruments such as seismometers, strainmeters, etc., installed in the Tokai region centering around Shizuoka Prefecture. When observed data show anomalous changes, JMA issues information about Tokai Earthquake in the following three categories, depending on the danger. ○ Investigation Report on Tokai Earthquake

[color level: blue]Information when investigation is held for phenomena

related to the Tokai Earthquake:

(Regular) issued as investigation results at the regular (monthly) Earthquake Assessment Committee

(Extra) when any anomalous phenomena are observed, issued as the investigation status for the cause of the anomaly

○ Tokai Earthquake Watch [color level: yellow]Information when there is increased likelihood that an

observed phenomenon is a precursor to the Tokai Earthquake.

○ Explanatory Information on Tokai Earthquake Warning [color level: red]

Information when it is considered that the Tokai Earthquake may occur and a “Warning Declaration” is issued. This information will be issued after the prime minister makes a decision in the Cabinet meeting and issues the “Warning Declaration” for the Areas under Intensified Measures against Earthquake Disaster includingthe whole Shizuoka Prefecture (all the cities and towns).

After Tokai Earthquake Watch or Explanatory Information on Tokai Earthquake Warning is issued, each announcement will be cancelled when it is interpreted that the occurrence of a Tokai Earthquake is no longer expected.

The issuances of Investigation Report on Tokai Earthquake, Tokai Earthquake Watch, Explanatory Information on Tokai Earthquake Warning and Warning Declaration are announced to the prefectural residences through TV and radio. When the Warning Declaration is issued, it is also announced through the public-address systems (wireless systems to transmit one message throughout a municipality), sirens, and vehicles with public address system.

Information when investigation is held for phenomena related to the Tokai Earthquake. When any anomalous phenomena are observed, it is issued as the investigation status for the cause.

Information when there is increased likelihood that an observed phenomenon is a precursor to the Tokai Earthquake.

Information when the occurrence of the Tokai Earthquake is expected and the “Warning Declaration” is issued.

(Possibility of the sudden occurrence of Tokai Earthquake) Though the observation system and analysis technique for the Tokai Earthquake prediction have improved and advanced every year, it is not 100% reliable. There is always the possibility that a Tokai Earthquake may occur without being predicted. Therefore, it is important to be prepared at all time by securing earthquake resistance of buildings, fixing furniture, storing food and water, etc., so as to respond appropriately whenever an earthquake occurs, without relying on the possibility of earthquake prediction.

Responses to the Issuance of “Information about Tokai Earthquake”10

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Responses to the issuance of “Information about Tokai Earthquake”

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Large earthqua

Preparation for a large-scale disaster such as a Tokai Earthquake

Shizuoka Prefecture was calling for storing drinking water for at least

3 days and food for 7 days at home to residents.

However, in the case of large-scale disaster like a huge earthquake along

the Nankai Trough, wide area will be damaged and support from

nation/municipality is expected to be delayed.

Please store drinking water and food for a week or more to support yourself at home.

Approximate amount for a week

Drinking water: 3 ℓ / day per person Food: 3 meals / day per person

Rolling stockpiling

Rolling stockpiling is a way to store foodstuff for daily emergency after use. If you put older drinking water/food in the front side so that you will use older ones first, it will circulate efficiently.

Examples of foodstuff to store

Ready-made meals, canned food, instant noodles, pasta, seasoning,dry foods, root crops (vegetablesthat can be kept at a normal temperature), freeze dried vegetables, dried fruits and so on.

※ Consider if the foodstuff are enough for meals for a week※ Make a habit of consuming canned foods and dried foods

regularly ※ Once consumed, buy and restock a new one constantly ※ Find your favorite canned food and ready-made meals by

eating them on a regular basis

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A large-scale disaster occurs (daytime on a weekday)

Some people happen to be unable to go home (around 5,150,000 people in metropolitan area

in the case of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake)

【Problems of going home right after the disaster occurrence】 - Secondary damage on the way walking home due to aftershocks and others- Increasing social disorders by obstructing traffics and so on → disturbing rescue operations of the Japan Self-Defense Force and Fire Fighters

Shizuoka Prefecture local disaster management plan (revised in June 2013) “Business establishments are to store necessary food, drinking water and other equipments so that employees can stay in the office for a while after the disaster

occurrence” (Shizuoka Prefecture local disaster management plan, p.27; chapter of common management)

Request for business establishments

○ Storing food, drinking water and blanket for employees, and preparing radios○ Checking the method to confirm employees’ safety ○ Calling employees for checking the method to contact with families

Request for business establishments (restraint of going home at once in the case of disaster)

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Disaster Prevention Information via Internet is available on the web site of Shizuoka Prefecture Emergency Management Department

Shizuoka Prefecture Emergency Management Department http://www.pref.shizuoka.jp/bousai/

Protecting you and your family from Earthquakes “Life Passport” http://www.pref.shizuoka.jp/m/lifepass/j_index.html (Japanese)This site is created for mobile phone access.

Edited and Published by

Shizuoka Prefecture Emergency Management Department

9-6 Ote-machi Aoiku Shizuoka City 420-8061, Japan

TEL: +81-54-221-3596 FAX: +81-54-221-3252

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Earthquake Preparedness in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan · Earthquake Preparedness in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan June 2014 Shizuoka Prefecture This document was originally created and