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新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
打通四六级和考研英语
主讲人：朱伟
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新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
恋练有词之打通考研、四六级词汇
LECTURE NOTE:
14 个核心词根
Meth
od
s
词根，词缀
*
词汇的辨析
*
江湖记忆法
AFTER-CLASS
WORK:
REPETITI
ON!
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
关于词汇记忆:
reading
cet-4, cet-6
Graduate Entrance Exams
Fundament of IELTS and TOEFL
the secondary course of Vocabulary 8000
关于词汇记忆
“忘”“记”
关于词汇记忆
The oppressed ________ freedom.
A. requires B. demands C. requests
Require: ask for sth. firmly
Demand: the ruler sets a rule with the expectation that nobody would refute it.
Request: ask for sth. politely
非母语词汇记忆的实质：
识记 + 应用
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
entail
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
Shrek : Ever After
Why does being your best friend entail me doing everything I don’t want to do?
Why does being the most intelligent creature in this blue planet entail us doing everything
unfriendly to our living condition?
朱伟“恋练有词”
value 出现次数 36
n. 30
v. 6
形近词
devalue overvalue
词组 place a high value on
【真题例句 3】1997 年 Text2 【v】尊重，重视
Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors
and strangers.
【真题例句 12】2004 年 Text 4 【n】
Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect.
词根(root) : to entitle the key meaning to a word
The radio can _______signals.
A transmit B emit
mit=send trans=across e=out
transmit v. 投递式的发射
emit v. 发散式的发射
词缀(affix):
前缀（prefix）: to settle the emotion of a word
e- = out, im- = in / not
------ emigrant n.移居海外者
immigrant n.移民，移居者
后缀（suffix）: to ascertain the word’s function
-ate migrate to
-ant migrant
farmer-migrant
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
最常用 14 个核心词根精选
Clude=close
exclude 拒绝，排斥
exclusion 排除
exclusive 排外的，专用的
exclusionism n.排外主义
include 包括，包含
inclusion inclusive inclusiveness
Clude=close
Conclude 下结论
conclusion conclusive
preclude 防止，杜绝
pre- pro- pri-
preclusion 排除，阻止
preclusive 除外的，妨碍的
动词 clude, 名词 clusion, 形容词 clusive
Clude=close
disclose vt.揭露，泄露，透露
enclose vt.围住，包住；附入，把 装入信封 envelop
enclosure n.（四周有篱笆、围墙的）围场
附件 attachment
attach to
attach importance to intellectuals
Gress=go
Progress=pro（forward）+gress（go）“进步”
make progress 进步
Regress=re（back）+gress（go）“退步，退回”
regression recession/depression
give sb. easy access to
Gress=go
progressive a.进步的，先进的，前进的
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
aggress=ag（to）+gress（go）“进攻，侵略”
Gress=go
aggression=ag（to）+gress（go）+ion“进攻，侵略”
aggressive=ag（to）+gress（go）+ive“1、侵略的,好斗的 2、敢作敢为的，有进取心的”
Duc duct duce=lead
pro`duce v.1、生产,制造 2、显示，出示 3、上演，制作
`produce n.农产品
`product n.1 产品，产物；2、积，乘积
by-`product n.副产品
Side effect
Duc duct duce=lead
repro`duce v.生殖;翻版;繁殖;复制,仿造
Reproductive fertile fertility infertility
pro`ductive a.1、生产(性)的,能产的,多产的，富饶的 2、富有成效的
produc`tivity n.生产率，生产力
Duc duct duce=lead
con`duct v.1、引导,带领;2、处理,管理;3、指挥(乐队);4 传导,传(热,电等)5、（oneself）表
现
`conduct n.举止，行为；管理（方式），实施（方式）
Duc duct duce=lead
con`ductor n.领队，指挥，列车长，售票员。导体
conduc`tivity n.传导性,传导率
semicon`ductor n.半导体
Duc duct duce=lead
deduce v.(from)演绎,推断
what do you deduce from these facts?
deduct vt. 扣除, 演绎
Don’t forget to deduct travel expenses.
Duc duct duce=lead
induce v.引诱,劝使;引起,导致;感应
induction n.感应,感应现象
inducement 诱因
reduce v.1、减少 缩小 2、使降级，使沦落 3、迫使 4、还原
reduction n.1、减少，缩小；2、下降，降低 3、还原
Turb=搅
disturb 打扰
perturb 烦忧
turb=搅动 stir swirl
irreasonable irrational
When you are singing over there, I just want to put my fingers into my eyes to my brain and
swirl it around.
turbine /ai/ n.透平机,涡轮机
turbulent a.狂暴的，汹涌的；骚动的，动荡的，混乱的
we’ve encountered some turbulence, please keep your seatbelt fastened
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
turbulent weather 狂暴的天气
turbulent crowd 骚动的人群
turbulent period 动荡的时期
disturbance n.1、骚乱，扰乱 riot；2、扰乱，打扰；3、心神不安，烦恼
erturb vt.使心烦意乱，搅乱
per=fully,through 完完全全
perfect=per+fect(do)，从头到尾做的很好，“完美的”
Permeate v.
Penetrate v. penetrative
pose = put
Pose v.造成(困难等);提出(问题等),陈述(观点等);摆姿势；假装，冒充
Pose one’s perception to the cosmetics industry
n.姿势，样子
Posture n.1、姿势，姿态；2、看法，态度 vi. 摆出姿势，装模作样
pose = put
compose v.作曲，作图，写作，合成；组成，构成
be composed of 由 组成
Be comprised of
composer 作曲家
pose = put
composite a.混合成的，综合成的 n.合成物，复合材料
composition n.1、构成，组成，成分 2、作文，作品，乐曲 3、创作，作曲 4、结构，布
局
Integrate integration integrity loyalty
pose = put
Decompose v.分解 dilute
Expose v.1、(to)使暴露；2、揭露; 3、使曝光；4、陈列
Our skin is exposed to the sunshine.
Be exposed to 暴露在 下；使处于 作用（影响）之下。
SH Expo. Exposition
exhibition display
pose = put
Exposure n.1、暴露，2、揭露；3、暴光
exposure to 受到 作用（或影响）
Subject to yield to defer to
Eg: Aristotle has subjected his firm belief to the assumption of the fixed human nature.
pose = put
Depose v.罢免
Impose v.1、征(税)，处以（罚款，监禁等）; 2、(on)把...强加给
impose sth. on sb.
pose = put
Dispose vt. 1. 布置, 安排; 2. 使倾向于,使有利于
vi.(of)除掉,去掉; 处置, 处理 get rid of
Disposal n.处理, 处置; 布置, 安排
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
at sb.’s disposal 任某人处理，供某人使用
Disposition n.1. 意想, 倾向; 2. 性格,性情
pose = put
Propose v.1、提议 2、提名，推荐 3、打算，计划 4、求婚
Proposal n.1、提议，建议 2、求婚
Proposition n.1、论点，主张；2、建议，提案 3、命题
Man proposes, God disposes.
pose = put
Deposit v.1、存放；2、储蓄；3、使沉淀；4、付（保证金）
n.沉积物，矿床，矿藏；押金，定金；存款
Deposition n.沉淀作用，沉淀物
pose = put
Oppose vt.反对，反抗
oppose to doing sth. 反对做某事
Opposite a.（to）对立面，对立的，相反的
n.对立面，对立物
prep./ad.在 对面
pose = put
Symposium sym- posi -um
n.讨论会，专题报告会，专题论文集
Preposition n.介词
pose = put
Purpose n.目的，意图；用途，效果
For/ with the purpose of 为了
on purpose 故意，有意
by design
Deliberately, intentionally
liberate intend to do sth
liberal deliberation
pose=pon=poun=put
Component n.成分，部件，元件 a.组成的，构成的
ingredient
Opponent op=against n.反对者，敌手，对手
Op- ob- of- anti- counter-
Op- ob- of- anti- counter-
oppose to homosexual couples’ adopting children
obstacle ob- stack
oblige be obliged to obligation
be liable to liability
offend offensive offense
anti-human anti-cancer anti-culture
counterfeit currency
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
fess=speak
fess=speak con=fully
profess
Confess v.倾诉，坦白，忏悔
Confession n.倾诉，忏悔，坦白
Confide in fid 信，贞
Credit integrity fidelity (mistress)
integrate
di=away
Dilemma n.进退两难的境地 困难的抉择
如 I am in a dilemma about whether to study abroad or pursue knowledge in domestic
atmosphere.
-Dom- 管辖
Domain dominate predominant
cide=cut
Pesticide=pest（害虫）+ I +cide（cut）杀死害虫的东西是什么呢？
n.杀虫剂
Insecticide n.杀虫剂
cide=cut
Suicide n.自杀
Mercy kill
Physically-assisted suicide
Commit v.犯(罪), 做(坏事)
make use of the slavery to commit many inhuman acts
Be committed to n./doing sth.
Commit oneself to
commitment
cid=cis=cut
Concise /s/ a.简明的，扼要的
Make a concise presentation/narration
Precise /s/a.精确的,精准的；严谨的
Precision n.精确（性），精确（度）
Scissors /sizez/ n.剪刀
pris=抓取，捕获
Comprise /z/ vt.组成，构成
Enterprise n. 进取心，事业心；（艰巨的）事业或计划；事业或企业，单位，公司
consist compose comprise constitute include
consist of/in = be composed of = be comprised of
（整体）由（部分）组成
A year consists of/is composed of 365 days.
Life consists not in holding good cards, but in playing well those you hold.
Rich Second Generation
Bureaucrat Second Generation
bureaucracy
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
consist compose comprise constitute include
comprise = constitute （部分）组成（整体）
365 days ~/~ a year.
lect=1.speak
Lecture n.学术讲座
`Dialect= dia（拼音嗲） n.方言
你知道吗，我好喜欢你。
你槽吗，卧宣你。
diagnose
lect= 2.choose
Intellect
n.智力，才智，理解力，才智非凡的人
lect= 2.choose
Intelligible lect=leg=lig=choose
a.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的
Leg= 1. choose legible （字迹）清晰的
Legible handwriting illegible
Leg= 2.law legal illegal
Legitimate illegitimate
Legislate legislation legislator
lect=1.speak 2.choose
Intellectual n.知识分子 a.智力的，善于思维的（接受良好的教育并在感兴趣的方面
长期钻研的人）
Intelligent a.聪明的，有才智的(才思敏捷,小孩子或小动物都可以用它形容)
Intelligence n.智力，智慧，理解力；信息，情报(CIA)
lect=1.speak 2.choose
CIA:
Central Intelligence Agency
FBI:
Federal Bureau of Investigation
lect=2.choose
Elect v.选举,推选，作出选择
Election n.选举
Elector n.选举者，有选举权的人
Candidate candid
Election campaign
lect= 2.choose
Select v.精挑细选 a.精选的 第一流的
Selection n.精选
Selective a.选择的，选择性的
-se- 盯着看
Observe -- perceive perception perspective
obsess preserve
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
lect= 2.choose
Collectivism n.集体主义
Individual a.个体的,独特的 n.个体
Individualism n.个人主义,利己主义
Personality ----- individuality
Egoism------altruism
egoistic-----altruistic
lect= 2.choose
Recollect v.回忆,追想
Neglect neg=不，无，未
v./n.忽视;疏忽,漏做,忽略
Neglectful a.疏忽的
Be ~ of = be blind to
= be ignorant of
lect=2.choose
Negligible
a.可以忽略的，微不足道的
Negotiate negotiation
Delegate “代表”
grassroot
=选出一个人派出去参加会议
nov=new
Novel n.(长篇)小说 a.新奇的,新颖的
Novelty n.新奇,新颖
Innovation= in+nov n.革新，创新
Revolution revolutionary
innovate v.革新
`innovative adj.创新的
创业
set/build up one’s own business
Innovative undertaking
Renovate =re（again）+ nov + ate v.翻新,修复
vers vert = turn
Anniversary n.周年(纪念日)
Annual a.每年的,年度的 n.年刊,年鉴
~ bonus year-ends lottery
vers vert = turn
Conversation n.会话,谈话
Converse a./v./n.相反的
Conversely ad.相反地
On the contrary / by contrast
con`version SWORD n.变换,转化 n. 论争, 辩论, 论战
vers vert = turn
Diverse a.多种多样的,(from)不同的
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
Inverse adj. 倒转的, 反转的 n. 反面 v. 倒转
Reverse n.反转;背面 a.相反的,倒转的 v.颠倒,倒转,180 (使)倒退
Reversal polarity reversal
pole dance
vers vert = turn
Versatile a.通用的,万用的;多才多艺的,多方面的
Verse n.韵文,诗;诗节,诗句
Version n.型,版本;译本,译文;说法,看法
Versus/vs. prep.与...相对,与...相比;以...为对手,对
vers vert = turn
vert a=away to turn away v.防止,避免;转移(目光,注意力等) distract
Aversion aversive distraction
Convert con=fully v.变换,转化
An overwhelming number of people, with money bulging out of their pockets, have
converted their realty investment into purchasing limousines, which are defined as typical
marks of success.
vers vert = turn
Universe n.宇宙 cosmology cosmos
uniform 制服，reform，unite v.统一联合，unique 唯一的）
Universal a.普遍的,全体的,通用的;宇宙的,世界的
It is universally acknowledged that drastic rules are supposed to be taken immediately to
regulate cosmetic market.
vers vert = turn
Divert /ai/ di=away v. 转移, 转向, 使高兴
Diversion n.转向,转移
diverse
Adverse adj. 不利的, 敌对的, 相反的 grow up under the adversity
ject=throw
Eject v.喷射,排出;驱逐
Ejection n.逐出，喷出
Project v.投射,放映;(使)凸出,(使)伸出;设计规划
`Project n. 计划，项目 课题，工程
Projector n.放映机,幻灯机,投影仪
ject=throw
In`ject v.注射(狭义); 注入,投入(广义)
Inject … into ; inject sb. with 把…注入某人体内
Injection n.注射，射入
ject=throw
ob`ject= ob（=against，如 obstruct 阻隔，阻塞） + ject v.反对（to）
They objected to the adoption of the children from abroad.
ject=throw
Objection n.反对，异议 (to)
She voiced her objection to traveling by bus.
ject=throw
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
`Object n.物体，目标，宾语，对象
Ob`jective a.客观的,真实的 n.目标,目的(target, goal, destination, aim, purpose)
ject=throw
Subject 1. n.主语,主题,题目,学科,科目
submarine 海洋下面行驶的舰船，潜艇 subway 道路以下，地铁
2. a. (to)易遭...的,受...支配的
Subject A to B 从属于，易受到…影响
be subjected to be subject to
ject=throw
reject
1.Decline= de+ cline (lean 缓坡)
“缓缓地下降” ——“委婉地拒绝”
2.Refuse =re（back）+ fus（pour 流淌）+e
“拒绝”
3.reject
ject=throw
fuse flu = 流 swine flu
Confuse v.迷惑
Transfuse v.输血
Diffuse v.扩散;传播 ,散布 a.(文章等)冗长的 ,漫无边际的;四散的 ,弥漫的 fantasy
fantastic
ject=throw
Effuse v.涌出，流出，泻出
Infuse v.灌输，注入
Interfuse v.使混入，使混合
ject=throw
Reject
`refuse n.废物，垃圾
`reject n.落选者，次品
graph=write
para=旁边,部分；不可分割的部分
Paragraph = para + graph 段落
`parasite= para + site（场所，地点） 寄生虫
graph=write
Parameter n.参数
thermometer barometer
Parallel level n.水平
a.(with)平行的;(to)相同的,类似的
n.平行线,平行面;类比,纬线
unparalleled
graph=write
Telegraph= tele（远程）＋graph 电报
tele=远程的
Telescope= tele + scope（范围） 望远镜
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
Scope n.范围
beyond the scope of people‘s imagination（超越了人们的想象）
graph=write
Television =tele + vision（图象） “ 电视”
Vision：视力, 洞察力
a statesman with great vision 一个非常有洞察力的政治家
vis=see
Visual a.视觉的
Visual image（视觉图象）
Visual effect（视觉效果）
Vision n.视觉,视力;眼力,想象力
Visit v.参观
vis=see
Visible a.看得见的
Invisible a.看不见的
Revise v.修订,校订;修正,修改
Envisage v. 正视
Visa n. 签证 vt. 签准(维萨信用卡)
vis=see
Supervise= super（从上到下） + vis + e “监督”，supervisor 总监
Telephone= tele + phone（phon=sound） “电话”
Microphone “麦克风”
Stereophone 立体音响
stereotype stereotypical
vis=see
Symphony= sym（same）+ phon（sound）+ y “交响乐”。 philharmonic
Symposium 讨论会, 专题报告会, 专题论文集
Sympathy= sym + path（感情）+ y “同情心” patriot compatriot
compatible incompatible
vis=see
Muse v.（艺术家创作时的）沉思，冥想 n.灵感
His muse has deserted him .他已经不再有任何灵感
Desert n.沙漠 v.抛弃 desolute
a deserted island 孤岛 sole isolated
de`ssert n.饭后甜点 appetizer
vis=see
Mu`seum 缪斯主管的地方，“博物馆”
~um 表示地点名词的尾缀
Stadium “露天体育场”
Forum (for+ um)（for ,“论坛”）
vis=see
Vacuum vac=vacu，empty 空，n.吸尘器 v.用吸尘器清扫
Vacant “空着的（未被占用的）” vacant post / hotel room / parking place
Hollow “中空的” a hollow tree， solid（实心的），a solid sphere
新东方在线—打通四六级和考研英语讲义
Blank “空白的，没有标记的”，a blank page
vis=see
Vacation on vacation“正在度假”
Vocation 职业 occupation
Evacuate “清空”，通常搭配某个场地
例：因为洪水，整个村子里都撤光了。
The village was evacuated because of the floods.
Audi 听
Auditorium= auditor + i +um “礼堂”
Audio: listen
Ballot n./v.选举，投票
Blackball n.反对票 v.投反对票,阻止
Audit 审计
Auditor n.审计员,旁听者
少一些功利主义的追求， 多一些不为什么的坚持。
More interest, less interests.
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