edIm/IesrIPaBExµr

karts‘U edIm/IesrIPaB nigÉkraCüExµr CadMeNIr d¾yUrGEgVg eBareBjeday«bs½kÁ

Edlvir³burs eyIg ehIynig Gñkts‘UCaeRcIn RKb;CMnan; )neFVIBlikmµ t²Kña \tman

Qb;Qr > manGñkts‘UCaeRcIn Edl mtimhaCnminTaMgsÁal;eQµaH b¤ )ndwgB¤pgeT

edayehtuEt karts‘Urrbs;Kat; sßitenAkñúgkarGaTikM)MgéRkElg edIm/IkarBarsnþisuxén

Gñkts‘UrÉeTot > RKb;CMunan; vir³bursExµr )ncgRkg«tþmKti RTwsþIneya)y ts‘U edIm/I

esrIPaBExµr TukCaekrþi dMENl CaKMrUsMrab; CMnan;eRkay >

ebIeyIgbenÞas CaTm¶n;raCrdæPi)lsBVéf¶ KW raCrdæPi)lsBVéf¶enH eFVI[raRsþeyig

Gs;sgÇwm Gs;sgÇwmkñúgkarts‘U eday[eCOxøÜnÉgfa KµanGVIeFVIekIteT kMucg;TUlEpndIGVI

Etmñak;Ég > KMnitGs;sgÇwm rebobenHÉgehIy EdleFVI[RsukeyIgliclg; sþaminrYc >

kalNaeyIgmanCIvit eyIgRtUvmansgÇwm eyIgGac ts‘U edaHRsayGVIsBVy:ag )nTaMgGs;

[EteyIgman GMNt;Gt;Fn; BüayamsikSa RbEmRbmUl rab;rkKñIKña >

yuT§saRsþneya)y edIm/IbBaÄb;sRgÁamCiHCan;-sIuvil

qñaM 1979 Exmkra kgT½BevotNam GgÁBlelx 5 cMnYn bImuWnBIrBan;nak;

vayekþab kMTicTmøaycuHBI ExRt kMBg;FM esomrab qøgkat;tam RsukmgÁl;bUrI dMrg;eTATIRkug

)t;dMbg >

ExµrRkhm rayT½B y:agRcIn rab;muWnnak; sMrab;Tb;Tl; k¾b:uEnþExµrRkhm min)n

dwgfa evotNam)nbgáb;Tuk CayUGEgVg mkehIy taMgEtGMBICMunan; GananiKm)raMgmk

T½Brab;Ban;nak; EdlrsenAeRkammøb;d¾RtCak; énshKmGnikCnevotNam >

shKmevotNam enAdMbn;enH )nbegáIt kUnecA bgáat;BUCGm/ÚrN_ CamYy

CnCatiPaKtic BYkKYy B’r r:aedr Pñg lav > GnikCnevotNamenATIenH mancMnYnTaMgGs;

RbEhlCa bIEsnR)MmWun nak; rsenAtamPUmi rayCab;²Kña rkUt dUcCa PUmi knÞWkgðt

PñMvaycab PñMsMeBA rhUtdl; tVak tamdgsÞwgtVak kñúgExRt)t;dMbg > tVakCamUldæanFM

énkgT½Bsm¶at;yYn > GugefIy CaGKÁsñgkar neya)yyYn ehIynigGKÁsñgkarrg tacik

ehIynig egogsWg GKÁsñgkareyaFa RbcaMPUmiPaK )t;dMbg esomrab kMBg;FM taMgEtGMBI

CMnan;GananiKm)rMgmk > egogsWg ecH esom Exµr )raMg bYsCasgÇ ehIyCaRKUmnþGaKm

GUmGam > rYcmk yYnevotmiuBaJ )nbegáItGgáarrNb ExµrevotmiuBa EdlCaédeCIg edIm/I

kþab;ekþab RbeTsExµreyIgenH >

fab; giug CaGKÁsñgkarneya)y ExµrevotmiuBaJ RbcaMPUmiPaK )t;dMbg esomrab

kMBg;FM taMgEtGMBI CMnan;GananiKm)rMgmk taMgTItaMg enAPUmixñacrmas >

eyIgsUmeqøótCMurabCUnfa fab;giug emExµrevotmiuBaJenHÉgehIy Edl)nEtgtaMg

saLútsr ¬b:ulBt¦ [kan;kgBl 3000 nak; kñúgqñaM 1957 > dabQYn CayYn

evotmiuBaJ ehIynig CamitþP½kS CitsñiT§ CamYy fab;giug ehIy eFVI\sSr³CamYyKñataMgEt

BIeGIymk > enAeBlenaH fab;giug )nbBa¢a Ta)BaJ; ¬rdæmRnþIRksYgkarBarCatisBVéf¶enH¦

EdlCaQøb narsar [naMpøÚv KNRbtiPU cMnYn 60 nak; [eTAsikSabeBa©keTseyaFa

enARsuklav edIm/I CYyevotNamvaylav enAeBlEdl lavkMBg:EtRcbUkRcbl; GukLúk

edaysarrdæRbhar > enAkñúgKNRbtiPU 60 nak;enaH BYkclnaEk¥kexµA manbgáb;BYk

Ek¥kexµA EkvsarIu ¬EkvmunI¦, taExøg, EkvDul ¬tas‘uy¦, EkvEst, GacarüyuaMg ¬tadwb¦, nwl,

eGo, Evg, eLg ehIynig Gacarüm:an; [eTAhVwkhVWn beBa©keTseyaFa CYyevotNam

edIm/I vayGaemrikaMg enARbeTslav enARkugevogcan; > BYkKNRbtiPUGs:TaMgenH

mksMNak;GaRs½y rsenAvtþeBaFi enAraCFanIevogcan; >

enAeBlenaH b:ulBt CacaghVagsalabzmsikSa enAXMubØaCI ¬extþkMBg;FM

Cab;RBMuEdnextþesomrab¦ > XMubØaCI CamUldæanFM énkg T½BExµrevotmiuBaJ taMgEtBIqñaM

1940 > fab;gIug mankUnRbus mñak; eQµaH pl; > kalenACMnan; ExµrRkhm kan;kab;

rdæGMNac kñúgqñaM 1976 pl; )nsmøab; eday édÉg ehIynigbBa¢a[smøab; ExµrenA)t;

dMbg tMbn; 3 Gs;y:agticNas; mYymWun nak; > kUnRsI rbs;fab;giug rsenAsBVéf¶

enAshrdæGaemrik >

eyIg´sYrfa ehtuGVI)nCa fab;giugmin cat;bBa¢Ún b:ulBt[eTAvay GaemrikaMgenA

RbeTslav ehIyEbrCa cat;taMg b:ulBt [dwknaM T½BeTAviBaJ ? cemøIy % manEtb:ulBteT

EdlecH k/ÜneyaFa RKan;ebI Gackan;kþab; bBa¢a kgBl 3000 nak; )n cMENk

GñkÉeTot minecHbeBa©keTseyaFaenAeLIyeT ehtudUecñHehIy)nCa eKbBa¢Ún[ eTAeron

CamYyevotNam enAÉ Rsuk lav > eyIgsUmesøHerOgenHEtbueNÑHsin >

kgrfeRkaHyYn 7500nak; Rbdab;GavuF§y:agTMenIb² KW eRKÓgsaRsþaGavuFGaemrikaMg

EdlkgT½BkumµúynisþyYn )nrwbGUsyk GMBIkgT½ByYnxagt/Úg kalBIqñaM 1975 RBmTaMg

T½ByYnbgáb;xøÜn rab;Ban;nak; vayxÞb;biTkþit T½BExµrRkhm BIeRkay bNaþl[T½BExµrRkhm

caj; dkT½Bfy rt;eTAdMbn; éb:lin > bnÞab;mk kgT½B evotNam edayman Exµr²ekþA

Rkhay nigExµr Rkhm rt;cUlrYmCamYypg )nbegáIn cMnYnT½BeLIg eTAdl; 50,000nak;>

enAeBlenaH kgT½BevotNam k¾bMEbkxøÜn CamuxRBÜjbI % muxRBÜjTImYy FMCageK

bg¥s; év:sMrukeq<aHeTA TIRkugPñMeBj muxRBÜjTIBIr év: tRmg;eq<aHeTA éb:lin ehIynig muxRBYj

TIbI év:eq<aHeTARBMuEdnéf >

Exµr²Edl cUlbeRmI kgT½BevotNam eTAvaytam muxRBÜjTImYy tRmg;eTA

RkugPñMeBj suT§swg)neLIgeFVIFM TaMgGs; enAéf¶eRkay edaymanmuxdMENgkñúg KN

rdæPi)l b¤kgT½B b¤kgRbdab;GavuF§ ehgsM rin - h‘unEsn mkTl; sB§éf¶enH >

ExµrRkhm braC½ycaj; k¾dkfy eTAtaMgmUldæan enAtMbn;éb:lin ehIy bnþr

karvayqµk; teTAeTot > enAeBlEdl ExµrRkhm kMBugEt Cab;édvayyYn raRsþExµr CaeRcIn

)nrt;R)s;Gayu ecjBIdMbn;ExµrRkhm >

ExµrRkhmcat;Tuk raRsþTaMg Gs;enH CasRtUv rbs;xøÜn > edayehtuEt ykraRsþCa

sRtUvy:agdUecñH ExµrRkhm cab; Gnuvtþ neya)y bg¥t;)yraRsþ edaydutecal RsUvEdl

enAkñúgCRguk ehIynigRsUvTMuminTan;RcUt EdlenA kñúgERsTaMgGs; > enHCaehtu bNþal[

raRsþeyIg rwtEtGt;)yxøaMgEfmeTAeTot>

semþcsg/CYnNat semþcRbv½nrtn_ GIuvTYt CaGñkbegáIt

clnakEnSgsr - Ek¥kexµA

taMgEt BIqñaM 1957 mk semþcsg/CYnNat semþcRbv½nr½tn_ GiuvTYt elak«tþm

esnIy ln;Nl; )nEtgtaMg Casm¶at; ecAdara CaRbFanénclnakEnSgsr - Ek¥kexµA>

rYcmk elak ln;Nl: cat;taMg ecAdara CaembBa¢akar kgBl Biess TYreTA RbeTs

km<úCa (Division Commander of Special Forces) Edlman mUldæan FM enAExtþ)t;dMbg >

edayeXIjfa yYnkMBg;EtCab;édvayExµrRkhm ehIynig raRsþeyIgcab; Gt;)y

y:agxøaMgNas;eTAehIy ecAdara yl;eXIjfa ExµreyIgRtUvEt bQÄb;sRgÁam > kar

bQÄb;sRgÁam GaceFVIeTAtam eKalneya)yBIrpÞúyKñaRsLH % b¤mYyvayyYn ehIyeFVI

CaKUrkn CamYyExµrRkhmmYyry³ b¤mYyeTot vayExµrRkhm ehIynigeFVIKUrknCa mYyyYn

mYyry³eBlsin > BIeRBaH eyIgminGacvayyYnpg ehIyvayExµrRkhmpg kñúgeBl CamYy

Kña Etmþg)neT > eyIgminGacmansRtÚvmþg BIr)neT > eyIgRtÚvEt eRCIs erIssRtÚv

mþgmYy > neya)yTaMgBIrxagelIenH suT§swgeBaeBjeTAeday eRKaHfñak;dUcKña >

eyIgKµanRckecBaJÉNaeToteT eyIgRtUvEteRCIserIs ykpøÚvNamYyedIrswn rYcehIy

EkrtRmUv edaHdUrtameRkay eday eyaleTA tamkal³eTs³ >

ehtudUecñHehIy )nCadara eRCIserIs ykyuT§saRsþ vaybnøúMrbbExµrRkhm

ehIyEGbeFVICa KUrknCamYy yYnmYyry³sin >

mUlehtuBIr EdltRmUv[eyIg sMercCabnÞan;dac;xat % TImYy KWedIm/I bBaÄb;Tukç

esaknadkmµ énbgb¥ÚnExµreyIg ehIynig TIBIr KWedIm/I bBaÄb;sRgÁam sIuvIlExµr >

cMNucsMxan;bMput KWRtUv bBaÄb;sRgÁam sIuvIlExµr ecAdara eCOCak;fa RbsinebI sRgÁamsIuvIlExµr bnþrraMér: yUrGEgVg yYnehIynig

ExµrRkhm Edl ecHeFVIswk tamk/ÜnyuT§saRsþdUcKña mukEt GnuvtþyuT§viFI dUcKña KW Ekn

ehIynwgekor yuvCnExµr bgçM[Exµrc/aMgsmøab;Kña > edayRtUveKEknehIynigekor TaMgsg

xag ExµrnaMKña smøab;EtKñaÉg > CaTIGvsan ExµrmukEtsmøab;Exµr KñaÉg Gs;ehIy >

yYneKx©IédExµr edIm/I smøab;Exµr >

ecAdara k¾ebþCJacitþfaRtUvEt bBaÄb;seRgÁamsIuvIl >

edayehtuEt ExµrRkhm enAEt eFVI)b kab;smøab;raRsþ teTAeTot \tQb;Qr

ecAdara sMerccitþ vaykMTicExµrRhmmun ehIyTnÞwmnigKñahñwg bBa©úHbBa©ÚlBYk kgcl½tExµr

Rkhm [dak;GavuF§ BIeRBaHExµreyIgRtUvkarT½BFMmYy CabnÞan; edIm/I vayyYn [ecjGMBI

EdndIExµr >

kgcl½t eRcInEtCa ekµg² Edl ExµrRkhmEkn bgçM[mkc/aMg > eTasCay:agNa

k¾eday eyIgminGaccat;Tuk kgcl½t ekµg² TaMgGs; CasRtUveyIg)neT BIeRBaH RbeTsExµr

eyIg RtUvkar yuv³zamBl ehIynig sm/tþimnusS edIm/I vayyYn rMedaHRbeTsExµreyIg GMBI

karCiHCanevotNam ehIynig ksagRbeTseyIg sarCafµIeLIgvij >

ecAdara k¾RbmUl CabnÞan; BYkclna Ek¥kexµA mYykgvr³esna Edlbgáb;xøÜn TukenA

kñúgCYrExµrRkhm ehIy naMKña kkayyk kaMePøIg ecjBIkñúgdI EdlBYkKat; )nkb;Tuk

enAeBl Edl BYkTah‘an elak ln;Nl; dak;GavuF§ >

Kb/Ikt;sMKal;fa RbswnebI kgT½ByYnmin)ncUl mkvaybnøMú rbbExµrRkhmeT

clnaEk¥kexµA Edlman ecAdara CaRbFan k¾GacvaybnøúM Tmøak; rbbExµrRkhm)nEdr

BIeRBaHraRsþekþARkhayxøMgNas; CamYyExµrRkhm ehIyrgcaM [EtmanRkumNamYy

naMGaT& dwkmux raRsþnwgegIbbHeLIg bnøúMrbbExµrRkhm eday)TédTeTr k¾h‘anEdr >

tamkarBit ebIniyay[gayRsYlyl; rbbExµrRkhmrlMubHeCIg % 25 PaKry

edaysar kgT½ByYnvay ehIynig 75 PaKryedaysar RbCaraRsþExµr kab;smøab;ecal

tamPUmi kmµaPi)l ehIynigeyaFaExµrRkhm TaMgLayNa [EtedIrtamRkumtUc² >

CaTIbBa©b; man kmµPi)lExµrRkhm xøHrt;rYc edayrteTAtam T½BFM eTAéb:lin - Gnøg;Evg

xøHeTotrt; cUlsarPaB CamYyyYn > BYkEdlcUrsarPaByYn eRcInEt)nsmøab; raRsþExµr

rab;Ban; mWunnak; > yYneRcInEt EtgtaMg ExµrRkhmEdl)n smøab;raRsþ rab;mWunnak; Ca

ecAhVay ExRt b¤GnuGPi)lExRt b¤ «tþmesnIy énkgRbdab; GavuF§ mkTl;sBVéf¶enH>

ebIFabeRbobCamYy tam:uk² smøab;raRsþticCagBYkecAhVayextþTaMgGs; EdlCa

GtItExµµrRkhm EdlyYnEtgtaMg [RKb;RKgsgát;raRsþ mkTl;sBVéf¶enH >

ecAhVayRkugPñMeBBaJ EkvCutiþma EdlCa BYkCnCatiPaKtic m:ug smøab;ExµreRcInCag

tam:ukeTAeTot > erOgenH eyIgnwg niyay[)n Bisþa enAeBleRkay GMBI BYkkmµaPi)l

PUmiPaKBayü½B Edlcaj; kl;l./ic yYn smøab;Exµr KñaÉg CagmYylan nak; >

yYnEdl GnuvtþEpnkar smøab;Exµrsøab;rgÁal Cag mYylannak; rsenAsBVéf¶ ehIy

manbuNs½kþFM kñúgraCkarExµrh‘unEsn > eBlNa kat:eTas ExµrRkhm eyIgnwgyk

erOgenHmk latRtdag > etIGñkNaEdl)nRbkas; y:agEkþg² tamviTüú bBa¢a[ smøab;

ecal TaMgGs; \tmanRtaRbNI Tah‘an ehIynigBYk rdækar sm½yelak ln;Nl;

ehIynig sm½yraCaniym RBmTaMgRkumRKYsar TaMgGs; Edl min)nrteTArsenAkñúgCYr

BYkRkhm> kñúgEt mYyéf¶ ExµrRkhmsmøab;Cag R)MEsnnak; > eyIg´RbugxøÜncaMCanic©

eFVICasakSI edIm/I bMPøWtulakar GnþrCati enAeBlkat; eTasExµr Rkhm >

RbswnebI eFVIc/ab;Rbkas;mYyfa [EtGñkNamYy )ncUl édsmøab; raRsþ cMnYn

y:agticmYyrynak; enAeBlenaH BYk kmµPi)lXMu énrbbExµrRkhm nwgRtUvCab;ecaT

TaMgGs; > BYkenH mancMnYnRbEhl R)MBan;nak; Edlesssl; rYcputGMBIhwgSaRbCaraRsþ

ehIyRtUv)n yYnbnþúb [RtYtRta eFVI)b smøab; sgát;sgáwnraRsþ t² mk Tl;sBVéf¶enH; >

clnaEk¥kexµA mancMnYn RbEhl mYymWunnak; bgáb;xøÜnkñúgCYrExµrRkhm > clna

kEnSgsr ehIynig calnaEk¥kexµA min Edl vayswk caj;T½BNamYyeT minEdlcaj;

kgT½ByYnmYydgNaeLIy >

ebIBitCaBUEkrdUecñHEmn ehtudUcemþc k¾RsukExµreyIg enAEt´kBa¢HyYn ehIy

Tuk[yYn esomrMelaP elbykTwkdIExµr)n ?

clna kEnSgsr - clnaEk¥kexµA BUEkrvayswk mansñaéd ykeCaKC½y)n

elIRKb;smrPUmi > k¾b:uEnþ clna kEnSgsr - Ek¥kexµA caj;eK KW caj;enAelI smrPUmi

neya)y >

ecAdar niyayfa % << CMunan; elakRbFanaFibtI ln;Nl; edaysarEt eKxøac

ehIynig eKRcENn clnakEnSgsr´ BYkGs;elakdwknaM neya)ycas;² ehIynig

Gs;elak emTah‘an CMunan; cas;² )neRbIkl;neya)y begáItc/ab; sMrab;bMEbkclna´

[eTACa RkumtUc² minTuk[ BYk´ enApþuMúKña)neT > eKbMEbkclnakEnSgsr´ bMEbk

kgvresna (Battalion commander) fac;b:Uc daBaJ;RkUc fac;epg fac;eb fac;sIuEy:m

fac;sUmalI fac;kay fac;suT§ fac;saF KimsuIy:a GwugkUv fac;RBhµvir³ elakRKU fac;QUk

eKograCü eKogm:ag > GgÁBl EnSgsr TaMgGs;cMnYn 35,000 nak; > eKbMEbkpþac:KñaBYk

´ min[enACamYyKña > elakGuintaM niyaycat;TukBYkkEnSgsr CaBYkGaéRB ehIyeBaJaH

BaJúgfa eKminEdlTuk[BYkGaéRBmkRtYtRtaBYkRsukeT >

c/ab;EdleKbegáIt ykmkGnuvtþmkelI clnakEnSgsr´ )nRKan:Et beRmI

mhicta GMnYt ehIynig esckþIQñaniH rbs;eKEt b:ueNÑaH > b:uEnþ CaTIbBa©b;

c/ab;enaHsmøab; CatiÉg eday benSay kgT½BCati eyIg >

´év:ExµrRkhm deNþImykRsUv edIm/I ykmk Eck[RbCaraRsþ > eyIg´EckRsUv

[RKYsar nimYYy² )nR)MeTA > ebIdUecñH RbsinebI Kµan GgákarGnþrCati CYyCMunYybEnßm

mkeToteT RKYsarnimYy² nwgRtUv dac;)y kñúgrvag BIrExeTot y:agyUrNas; KW enAkñúg

ExkumÖ³ qñaM 1979 >

edayeXIjfa RbCaraRsþ cab;Gt;)yehIy ´k¾sMerccitþ eFVIdMeNIreTA RBMuRbTl;

Ednéf edIm/ITak;Tg CamYy GgÁkarmnusSF’mGnþrCati rksMuCMunYy es/ógGahar ykmk

CYypÁt;pÁg; bgb¥ÚnExµreyIg cMnYn R)MEsnnak; EdlkMBg;Gt;)y RkhayTWk ehIy nigQW

RTuDeRTam TarunTra rgcaM y:agkuHkr naExtþ)t;dMbg eBaFisat; esomrab >

enAeBlCamYyenaH elakEb:nsUva:n; naykrdæPi)l )nlYcbBa¢a[BYk eyaFaExµr

evotmiuBaJEdlyaml/attampøÚv)t;dMbg GnuØat[raRsþExµrEdlkMBg;eRskXøan eTAykGgár

enARBMuEdnéf Edl´ erobcMsUmGMBIGgáarmnusSFm’GnþrCati >

enAeBlEdl´eTAdl;RBMúEdnéf ´man P½BsMNag )nCYb nayTah‘anéf

vr³esnIyÉk R)c½Rk, KiTi, R)sWt, GnuesnIyÉk yuv³Nat; nig sUPut xagkgBl Biess

esOdaM ¬xøaexµA¦ Edl kalGMBI qñaM 1973 raCrdæPi)léf )ncat;taMg Gs;elakTaMg

Gs;enH [R)Rs½yTak;Tg CamYYynig´ kñúgzan³ ´Ca tMNagBiess énelak RbFanaFibtI

ln;Nl; kñúgkarcrcar erobcMebIk CRmk enAtam RBMuEdnéf sMrab;kgT½BExµr edIm/Ibnþr

sRgÁamvayBYk kumµúynisþ ExµrRkhm teTAeTot enAeBlNa rdæFanIPñMeBjFøak;eTAkñúg

kNþab;éd énBYkkumµúynisþ ExµryYnRkhm >

´cab;epþImeFVIkarTak;Tg CamYy John Dell, Duck , Thumb George, Gary Colm

EdlCamitþP½kSGaemrikaMg ´sÁal;rab;Gan taMgEtBIqñaM 1956 > Duck Føab;)nbYseronCa

elaksg/ enAvtþeBaFival )t;dMbg kñúgqñaM 1958 eRkam]vat semþcRbv½nr½tn_ GIuvTYt >

GñkCMunajkarxag GgáarmnusSF’m CatiGaemrikaMg Mc. Brown, John Dell, Duck,

Robert Hass, Thom George, Gary Colm, ehIynig)raMg Père Venet, Madame Baudry

ehIynig elakEkm sus )nmUlmat;RBmRBagKña cat;taMg´ CaGñkTTYlxusRtUv kñúgkar

cat;Ecg GMeNayes/ógGahar [RbCaraRsþ enAkñúgCMurMuCnePosxøÜnExµrTaMgbYnEdl´begáIt

enA tam RBMuRbTl;Ednéf -Ngm:ak;mun b¤T§Iesn eKakFüÚg Ngc½nÞ - >

erOgdEdl rebobKña karBICMnan;elakRbFanaFibtI ln;Nl; ekItmaneLIgCa

fµImþgeTot enAkñúg eBl Edl´RKb;Rkgkan;kab; CMurMuCnePosxøÜn enARBMuEdnéf >

Gs;elakcas:² CMnan;edIm eRscXøan GMNac )ncUlédCamYyesom ehIynigExµrRkhm

BYtédKñavayRbhar´ edIm/I rMelaP bøn; eFVI)bCiHCan;raRsþ bøn;ykRTBsm/½tiþraRsþ bøn;yk

es/ógGahar EdlGnþrCati eKEckCUnCnePosxøÜn ykeTA bMerIneya)y plRbeyaCn_

rbs;xøÜn ehIynigbkSBYkxøÜn >

edayehtuEt ´)ns/fsnüa cMeBaHeTvelak ehIynig viØNx½nÞ énvir³bursExµr

EdlrkSar RbeTsExµr fa´nwg minbgðÚrQam rvagExµrKñaÉgeLIy ´k¾suxcwtþ edIrecj Tuk[

sWnsan ehIynig rNÑbJT§i Edl mkdl;CMurMu bUnEx eRkayGMBI´)n begáItCMurMu rYcGs;

CaeRscehIy [kan;kab;bnÞab; bnþreTA > >>

- )PYn -

edIm/IesrIPaBExµr ¬PaKTI2¦ RTwsþIneya)y rbs; semþcsgÇCYnNat, semþcRBH

Rbv½nrtn_GuIvTYt, elakRKÚmha s‘uT ehIynig elaktasux esriPaB minEdl)nmk edayKµankarts‘UeT > esrIPaB)nmk luHRtaEt

kulbuRtkulFita énCatienaH sukcitþ eFVIBlikmµsBVEbby:ag ts‘UdeNþImyk edayxøÜnÉg>

karts‘U ykesrIPaB nwgTTYleCaKC½y)n luHRtaEt eyIgRbkan;x¢ab;nUv RTwsþIneya

)y Edl manb¤sEkv cak;Cab; eTAnigvb/F’mExµr EdlCaekrþidMENlts‘U GMBIdUntaeyIg >

vir³bursExµreyIg )ncgRkg Cak/Ün tRma TUnµaneRbonRbedA eyIgral;Kña t²mk >

KNsg/ CaGñkcgRkgRTwsþI sMrab;RKb;RKgrdæ

KNsg/EdlmanraynamsmaCik dUcxageRkam enH % 1. semþcsg/ eTog 2.

semþcsg/ eTBelOg 3. semþcsg/ ):n; 4. semþcsg/ Gu‘gRsI 5. semþcsg/ CYnNat

6. semþcsg/ hYttat 7. semþcsg/ lVIÉm 8. semþcRBHRbv½nrtn_ GIuvTYt 9. elakRKU

mha sUhay 10. elakRKUmha EkvKg; 11. elakRKUmha RKIbesom 12. elakRKU

mha Gwums‘U 13. elakRKUmha ):gxat; 14. elakRKUmha exovCMu 15. elakRKU mha

GuMyutþi 16. elakRKU mha sVaynag 17. elakRKU mha eGomKuNKU 18. elakRKUmha

Gugman 19. elakRKU mha kuleTs 20. elakRKU mha s‘uT 21. elakRKU mha sux

¬EdlRtUvCa b¥úÚn elakRKU s‘uT¦ 22. elakRKU mha b:uNÑsMPaC 23. elakRKU mha

EkG‘uk > RBHsg/TaMgGs;enH suT§swgCa GñkR)CJ Epñkxag vb/F’m GkSrsaRsþ ehIynig

RTwsþIneya)y - k/ÜnyuT§saRsþ >

semþcsgÇPaKeRcIn manedIm kMeNIt enARBHRtBaMg ehIy naMKña ePosxøÜn mk

enA km<úCakNþal rYcmk dUreQµaH edIm/IkMu[)raMg cab;cg b¤evotNam smøab;ecal >

1

KNsg/enHÉgehIy )ncgRkgRTwsIþ neya)y-k/ÜnyuT§saRsþ sMrab; RKb;RKg

rdæExµr eTas/I rdæGMNac enAKg;vgÁ enAeLIy k¾eday b¤ rlMrlayeTAehIykþI edayBYk sRtUv

)nkMTicecal rYceRsc eTAehIy >

elak)nbeRgon TsSn³naeya)y tamKm<IburaN dUcCa Km<IéRtevdð CaedIm KWfa

Km<IéRt PUmi - Km<IéRtmnþ - ehIynig Km<IéRtyuT§ > semþcsgÇCYnNat elakbeRgon em

ts‘UExµreRkam xøÜnÉgpÞal; nUvKm<IéRtevdðenH edayelaksresr elIRkdas; ehIyelak [

TenÞBaJrt;mat; dUcCaeronF’m > luHeronecHrt;mat;ehIy semþcelakdutecalenAnigmux >

GMNacrdæBwgEp¥kTaMgRsugeTAelI

karrikcMerIn nigkarBRnwg énsgÁmsIuvIl GMNacrdæ BwgEp¥kTaMgRsugeTAelIGMNacRKb;RKgPUmiXMu > kalNa GMNac

RKb;RKgPUmiXMu rlMurlayGs;eTAehIy edaysar breTsvaykMTic rdæGMNac k¾nwgrlay

ehIynwgkøayeTACa GMNacrNbbreTs > dUecñH GMNac RKb:RKgPUmiXMu CamUldæanRKiH

énrdæGMNac >

k¾b:uEnþ GMNacRKb;RKgPUmiXMu nwgKg;vgÁ enAyUrlug)n luHRtaEtraRsþRsLaj;KaMRT

enHmann½yfa raRsþenAkñúgPUmi RsLaj;rab;Gan KNkmµkarPUmienH > ebIniyaytam

RbB½n§RbCaFibtI raRsþRsLaj;KaMRT luHRtaEt raRsþCa Gñkcat;taMg eRCIserIs >

ebIKNPUmi eFVI)braRsþ KNrdæGMNacPUmi nwgRtUvrlay enAéf¶mux CaminxaneLIy >

kñúgPUminimYy² cas;RBwT§acarü cat;taMg KNkmµkarPUmi kñúgcMeNam KñaKat; >

Kat;pþÚreyablKña Cabgb¥Ún CamitþP½kS sMruHsMrYlKña tam rebobRbCaFibtI nigesrIPaB >

GñkNaecHc/ab; CYybMPøW b¤beRgonGñkÉeTotkñúgvisS½y c/ab;Tmøab; > GñkNaBUEtxagKun

niym beRgon yuvsisS GMBIKunniym edIm/IbNþúHcitþ[mankarmuHmutGgáGac edIm/IkarBar

snþisuxPUmi ehIynig rebobrabry sNþab;Fñab; kñúgPUmi >

2

enAevotNam GCJaFryYn minGnuØat[ExµreronKuneT > enACMunan;GaNaniKm)raMg

yYncak;ruk)raMg faExµreronKun KWedIm/IbHe) RbqaMg)raMg > ehtudUecñHehIy )raMgham

Xat;min[ ExµreronKuneT > luHmkdl; raC¢kalsIhnu raCkarExµr k¾hamXat; min[eron

KunEdreT edaycaBaJ;kl;l/ic ehIynig kareBaJaHBaJúgénBYkevotmiuBaJ Edl)nbgáb;xøÜn kñúg

raCrdæPi)l > k¾b:uEnþ BYkExµreRkamman³ enAEtnaMKña lYc hat;hVwkhVWn enAkNþaléRB>

ecAdaraniyaybEnßmeTotfa %

dMeNIredImeLIy semþcsgÇCYnNat semþcRBHRbv½nrtn_ GuIvTYt ehIynig elakRKU

mha s‘uT§ elakta sux ¬EdlCa sc©aMg PñMKUEln ehIynig RKUhµr y:agBUEkrd¾cMNan¦

elak)n cgRkg «tþmKti neya)y beRgoneday lYclak; emdwknaMExµreRkam eRcInCM

nan; enAkñúgkudi semþcsgÇ CYnNat enAvtþ«NÑaelam > elakbeRgón neya)ypg

RBmTaMg viC¢aeBTüburaN dl;eyIg´RKb;Kña >

´)T CasisSCMunitmñak; rbs;semþc CYnNat ehIynig semþcGIuvTYt > semþcEtg

EteRbI´)T [buksøa RbeKnelak > enHCaels edIm/I¶[ ´ enACitelak edIm/I elak

beRgon RTwsþIneya)y sþIGMBI karerobcM kþab;ekþab rdæGMNac >

suinsIusamuT EdlCaGñkceRmog d¾l/IeQµaH k¾CasisS CMunit rbs;semþcGIuvTYtEdr>

suinsIusamuT GuwmsugsWg ehIynig´ eyIgTaMgbInak; CamitþP½kSKña > siunsIusamuT ekItenA

PUmi sMbYr extþ)t;dMbg > mþayKat;Catiesom GñkRsukkuyEm:g ]Buk GñkRsuksVayerog >

bTceRmogsuinsIusamuT ehIynigGwumsugsWg CaeRcIn EdlTak;Tinnig Cati b¤ eTsPaB

ehIy nigGnusSarIy énextþ)t;dMbg eRcInEtCa bTniB½n§eday semþcGIuvTYt >

enAeBlEdl ´buksøaenACit semþcTaMgBIrGgÁ beRgonRTwsþIneya)y edayviFI

(Socrates Teaching Method) saksUr ecaTsYr CasMnYr [edaHRsay qøgeqøIy mñak;Tl;

nigmñak; > ebIecAedIrcUleTAkñúgPUmi NamYy etIecAeFVI dUcemþcxøH edIm/I[dwgfa PUmienaH

Camitþ b¤CasRtUv ? ebIPUmienaH CaPUmisRtUv etIecARtUveFIV GVIxøH edIm/I[PUmienaH køayeTA

Camitþvij ? enAkñúgKm<IéRtyuT§ ebIecAqøgkat; TIkEnøgNamYy² RtUvecAkt;smÁal; cgcaM PUmi

3

saRsþ énTIkEnøg EdlecA eTIbEtqøgkat; ehIynig PUmisaRsþ énTIkEnøg EdlecAeTIbEt

mkdl; x<g;rab x<s; edImeQI éRB dMbUk RbLay PøWERs pÞHGñkRsuk viha >l> TaMgbYnTis

enACMuviBaJ xøÜnecA BIeRBaH Rbsin ebIsRtUv eKvayRbaharecA BITisNamYy RtUvecA ecHkar

Bar xøÜn edayrt;eTA)Mglak;xøÜn tamCRmkNamYy EdlecAkt;sMKal;Camun edIm/IdkxøÜn

fy b¤k¾vay RbharbkeTAviBaJ >

ehtuGVI)nCaeyIgcab;epþIm swkSaGMBIGMNacRKb;RKgPUmi?

semþcsgÇ CYnNat semþcRBHRbv½nrtn_ GuIvTYt elakta mha s‘uT§ elakta

mha sux TaMgbYnGgÁ elakmanBuT§dikarfa% edayehtuEtRsuk ExµreyIgenH Føab;EtyYn

esom vaykMTic bMpøaj bnøMúrdæGMNacExµreyIg Caragral;stivtS \tQb;Qr ehIyeday

ehtufa sRtUvdutbMpøaBaJ ÉksarCatieyIgGs; cUrecATaMgGs;Kña Kitfa ExµreyIgRtUvEterobcM

vb/F’m GriyF’mExµr eyIgeLIgGMBI )TsarCafµI eLIgvIj ehIyeyIg RtUverobcM rdæGMNacmYy

sMrab;RKb;RKgrdæ cab;taMgEtGMBI RsTab;eRkam eLIgmk > GgÁkarrdæGMNac enHÉgeTot

esat RtUv edIreday xøÜnÉg edIreday min)c; BwgEp¥k eTAelI GMNacrdækMBUl > GgÁkarrdæ

GMNacenH RtUverob cMeLIg edaymin)c; KiteLIyfaCa GMNac rbs; RBHmhakSRt b¤k¾Ca

GMNacGaNaniKmniymÉNaeT > eyIgRtUvEtecHedIredayxøÜnÉg > ebIeyIg erobcM Ggáar

RKb;RKg rdæGMNacPUmienH )nCasßaBr GMNacRKb;RKgrdækMBUl Nak¾eday R)kd CaRtUv

kar BwgEp¥kelI KNrdæGMNac EdleyIgerobcM TukCamunkñúgPUmienH CaminxaneLIy >

cUrecAKitfa GMNacrdæExµrkMBUlenaH hak;dUcCa rlMurlay)t;sUnüQwg Gs;eTA

ehIy² raRsþ eyIg BwgEp¥kmin)n ElgbMerIraRsþeyIg ehIyERbkøayeTACa GMNacbreTs >

dUecñH ExµreyIg RtUverobbcM sßabna GMNacrdæ BI)TeRkameLIgmk CafµImþgeTot >

cUreyIgKitemIlcuH BYkevotmiuBaJ eKbBa¢ÚnKñaeK cUlmkbgáb;xøÜn enAkñúgRsukeyIg >

evotmiuBaJmñak;² KµanR)k;Ex ÉNaeT > shKmevotNam naMKñaRcak;luykak; pÁt;pÁg[ >

4

eKRbTak;RkLaKña begáItCa rdæGMNacsm¶at; RKb;RKg RbeTsExµr > CaTIbBa©b; BYkevotmiuBaJ

Kas;bnøMú GMNacrdæExµreyIg rlMeRKgenA km<úCaeRkam \LÚvenHeKcab;bnþr Kas;bnøMú

rdæGMNac enAkm<úCakNþal eTotehIy >

k¾bu:EnþeyIg minRtUvePøceLIyeT, GMNacrdæ nimYy² eyIgGacksag ekIteLIg)n

luHRtaEt kgT½Brs;> kgT½Brs;)n luHRtaEt raRsþKaMRT > raRsþKaMRT luHRtaEt raRsþrs;>

ebI smøab;raRsþ kgT½BRtUvEtsøab; > ebIkgT½Bsøab; rdæGMNacRtUvEtsøab; >

raRsþCaCRmk d¾suxekSmkSanþénkgT½B > ebIsmøab;raRsþ mann½yfa smøab; kMTic

CRmk kgT½BCatiÉg >

semþcRBHRbv½nrtn_ GuIvTYt elakmanBuT§dika bEnßm eTotfa GMNacrdæ rsenA

Kg;vgÁ zitezr cIrkal yUGEgVg)n luHRtaEt eyIgpSarp¢ab; sgÁmeyIg edaykarRsLaj;

rab;Gan eyaKyl GFüaRs½yKña eTAvIjeTAmk RsLaj;Kña CaBUCBgS QamC½r sarela

hit Cab;Ca sNþan CaBUCGMbUrN_ CamYyKña CamhaRKYsarExµr >

høÜgmnIvgS¬1927-1941¦CaGñkesñhaCati

karBarbUrNPaBTwkdIExñr

RBHkruNamnIvgS ¬1876-1941¦ ekItenAqñaM 1876 ehIysuKt enAqñaM 1941 >

RTg;CaRBHraCbuRtTI 14 énhøÜg sIusuvtiþ dUecñHmann½yfa RTg;manP½BþsMNagsþÜcesþIgNas;

edIm/IeLIg esayraCü > RTg;)neronCab;ecBaJ BIsalaeyaFa)raMg (Ecole d'Infanterie de

Saint-Maixent) > RTg;eLIgesayraCü enAqñaM 1927 enAeBlEdl elakeFVICaTah‘an )raMg

manzannþr³s½kþ s½kþbI enARbeTs Gal;esðrIu > høÜgmnIvgS Ca bIta énRBHmha kSRtyanI

kusum³ EdlCa RBHmataén høÜg sIhnu >

5

rdæPi)l)raMg emIlgay høÜgmnuvgSNas; edaycat;Tukelak CamnusS Lb;² >

høÜgmnIvgS xøÜnelak k¾eFVICaLb;² edIm/I[)raMgeCOfa elakLb;² mindwgkic©kar rak;eRCAén

RbeTsExµreT > elakKitEtedIrelg )BaJ;stV Tuk[ )raMgylfa elakKµan KitKUrdl;

RbeTsCatieT >

eyIgenAcaM)nEdrfa rdæPi)l)raMg)nsIueBaJ: epÞrdMENg rdæGMNacRKb;RKg dIExµr

km<úCaeRkam [eTA høÜgyYn *day enA éf¶TI 4 Exmifuna qñaM 1949 KWfa eRkaysRgÁam

elakTIBir ehIynig kñúgrC¢kal høÜgneratþm sIuhnu > enAeBlenaH høÜgsIuhnu \tman

tva CaFMdMu GVIeT >

eRkaymkeTot kñúgsmaCBiess qñaM 1965 semþcsIhnu niyay cMGkLkeLIy

dUch‘unEsnÉcwg [BYkExµr km<úCaeRkam fakMu[ yl;sbþi eTAtva ykdIkm<úCaeRkammkviBaJ>

Exµrkm<úCaeRkam Edltva TamTayk dIkm<úCaeRkammkviBaJ suT§EtBYk RbqaMgnwg esckþIsux

ekSmkSanþ rmüna EdleK kMBg; Et rsenAy:agsb/ay CamitþPaBsñiT§sñal CamYyyYn >

eKmin)nyl eXIBaJfayYn vamkbøn; TwkdIExµreT > 1949 \tyUrb:unµaneT mkTl;bc©úb/nñ

kalenH > 50 qñaM \tyUreTcMeBaH ry³kal RbvtþisaRsþ > bnþiceTot mukEt eKniyay

cMGkLkeLIy fakMu[ yl;sbþi eTAtvayk km<úCakNþal mkviBaJ vahYseBlehIy>

enAl¶acbiTsmaCBiess qñaM 1965 enaH emdwknaMExµreRkam naMKñaeTAKal;semþc

sIuhnu mþgeTot edIm/IsYrbBa¢ak;elak [Gs;citþ etIsemþcelak ecaTRbkan;fa

BYkExµreRkam CaBYkylsbþi eFVI[ rlaysnþiPaBExµrkNþal dUecñHEmnb¤eT ? etIsemþc

hamXat; emdwknaMExµreRkam min[ tva ykkm<úCaeRkam mkviBaJ dUecñHEmnb¤eT ?

semþcsIuhnu manbnÞÚlbBa¢ak;fa elakhamemExµreRkam min[tva ykkm<úCaeRkam mk

viBaJeT > enHCaehtu bNþal[ ExµreRkam ElgKaMRT semþcsIuhnu taMgEt BIqñaM 1965 >

R)MqñaM eRkaymk edayeXIBaJ BYkyYnevotkug kan;kab; Bas;eBBaJ TYreTARbeTsExµrGs;

eTAehIy enAéf¶ TI 18mina 1970 emExµreRkam eRkamkardwknaM elakln;Nl; eFVIrdæ

6

Rbhar Tmøak;semþcsIuhnu > ebIKñan ExµreRkam minsb/aycitþ nigsemþcsIuhnu Kµan

18mina 1970 enHeT >

cuHebI Kñan 18mina 1970 etIRsukExµr Føak;cUlkñúg GeNþA nrKGviC½y énExµrRkhm

- yYn CiHCan; enHb¤eT ?

GaNaniKm)raMg RtYtsgát;RbeTsExµr edayeRbIyYn[RtYtExµr > rdæPi)lGaNa

niKm)raMg RtYtRtaRsukExµr manbI snÞab; % snÞab;TImYy KW)raMg snÞab;TIBIr KWyYn

ehIynig snÞab;TibI KWExµr > )raMg RtYtBinitü BIelITaMgGs;Kña > snÞab;TIBIr RtYtBinitü

snÞab;TibI > )raMgRtYtyYn ² RtYtExµr > BYkemRkum BYkemkar ¬kmµkr - sMNg; - eBTü

>l>¦ kñúgkarzan nimYy² suT§swgCayYnTaMgGs; > enAkñúgmnÞIsuxaPi)lnimYy² GñkTTYl

xusRtUv KW evC¢bNÐwtyYn emqµbyYn cMENk GñkÉeTotExµr > cMeBaHbBaða dIFøIviBaJ RksYg

EpnTI suT§swg CayYn > BYkevotNam eKCYyeFVI sMbuRtsñam c/ab;kmµsiT§dI ykdIéRB [

yYnKñaeK )ny:agRsYl >

esckþIGtßaFib/ayxagelIenH sr[eXIBaJfa RbeTsExµr sWgEtFøak;eTAkñúg knþab;éd

yYnGs;eTAehIy >

høÜgmnIvgS yl;eXIBaJ mhnþrayenH elakBwgEp¥kelIBYkExµreRkam [CYykarBar

edaHRsay > TIRbwkSaelak suT§EtBYkExµreRkam > esog Xwm CaTIRbwkSad¾eqñImmñak; mrN³

kalKat; Gayu 82 kñúgqñaM 1953 > esogXwm CaGñkR)CJ )ncgRkgc/ab;rdæ ehIyCaGñk

CYyENnaMTUnµan semþcsgÇ CUnNat > esogXwm ehIynig KNTIRbikSarRBHraCv½gÁ

)nsMerc bBa¢Ún RTg;sIuhnu [eTA sikSaeronenAÉ viTüal½y Chasseloup Laubart daLat

RsukyYn >

edIm/IRbqaMgnig)raMg EdlbeNþay[evotNam ratt/atekþabkþab; rdæGMNacExµr

RkumTIRbwkSa ExµreRkam TUnµanhøÜgmnIvgS [BRnwgrdæGMNac PUmiXMu tamry³ KNkmµkarvtþ

kñúg visS½y suxaPi)l EckdIFøI[RbCaraRsþ sikSaFikar ehIynigsnþisux > høÜgmnIvgS

ylRBm ehIybBa¢[ emdIknaMExµreRkam GnuvtþCabnÞan; Epnkarneya)yenH edays¶at;²

7

> cMENkÉRBHGgÁ xøÜnÉg elakeFVICamindwg minrvIrvl;nwgbBaðaCatieT > manxøøøøH elIk

BakSesøakfa cMkYthøÜg mann½yfa høÜgmindwgGVIeT >

rdæPi)l)raMg )nbgçM høÜgmnIvgS [RbKl; km<úCakNþal [eTAyYnRKb;RKg dYc

rdæaPi)l)raMg )nGnuvtþ db;qñaMeRkaymk enAkm<úCaeRkam eday RbKl;rdæGMNackm<úCa

eRkam [eTA RBHecAGFiraCü *day kan;kab; > esogXwm niyayfa% RBHkruNamnIvgS

minRBmsIueBa:J Cadac;xat eTas/I)raMg kMeBaJIBaJ cab;elak ykeTAdak;Kuky:agNak¾eday>

edayehtuenHehIy)nCa høÜgmnIvgS elakeFVI Ca minRKb;Twk > karBitelakman

Twkcitþ esñhaCati d¾x<g;x<s;CaTIbMput h‘aneFVIBlikmµCUnCati minRBm sIueBaJ: RbKl;

km<úCakNþal [eTAyYneT >

Ek¥kexµA CYykarBar rgSI

Cabzm ´sUmEføgGMNrKNy:agGenkkb/kar cMeBaHGs;elak ehIynig elakRsI

TaMgGs;Edl)nGan ehIy GFib/ayd¾xøwmsar cMeBaHGtßbTrbs;´ > ecAdara Ca rhasS

nam > Gñkts‘Umñak;² CaTYeTA manrhasSnamR)My:agtic > tamc/ab;evotmiuBaJ Et

kalNa dUrdMbn;eFVIkar eBlenaH RtUvEtdUreQµaH >

ecAdara CarhasSnam elak ln;Nl; Edl semþcsgÇCUnNat dak;CUnelak

ln;Nl; enAeBl EdlKNkmµkarGPi)l EtgtaMg elakln;Nl; eFVICaRbFanclna

kEnSgsr elIkdMbUgbg¥s; (The first President of KANSEIGN SAR) >

bg {dara} kñúgGtßbTrbs;´ Kat;[´yk rhasSnam ecAdaraenH ykmkeRbI

edIm/Isresr erOgclna kEnSgsr > erOgEdl´B’naenAkñúgGtßbTenH CaerOg bg {dara}

rbs;´ minEmnCa erOgelak ln;Nl;eT >

bg {dara} rbs;´ CaRbFan clna kEnSgsr - Ek¥kexµA CMnan;TI 6 (The Sixth

President of KANSEIGN SAR – KHAEK KHMAO) >

8

´nigsesr [)nBisþa CagenHbnþic enAeBleRkay GMBIclna kEnSgsr-Ek¥kexµA>

Ek¥kexµA enAEtbnþ kar ts‘U mkTl;sBVéf¶enH > ebIGt;man BYkEk¥kexµA lYcCYykarBar rgSI

emøHsm BYkXatkr smøab;rgSI yUrNas; eTAehIy >

rgSIGt;dwgxøÜneT kalBI)tukmµ qñaM 1998 > BYkXatkr edBaJ tamsmøab; rgSI >

kñúgEpnkareK² b:unb:gsmøab; rgSI enAmuxsNæaKar CAMBODIANA >

enAeBlEdl BYkXatkredBaJ tamsmøab; rgSI ² Gt;man Epnkar mindwgeTANa

mkNaeT > BYkkarBarsnþisux rgSI k¾Gt;dwgeTANaeTEdr > manEtBYk Ek¥kexµAeT Edl

man Epnkar RtUvCnøas; rgSIeTA CAMBODIANA >

tamEpnkarénBYkXatkr ² smøab;rgSI enAmux CAMBODIANA edayBYkeK sMGag

fa BYkvacak;esa CAMBODIANA Citmin[GñkNacUl)n> BYkvanwgbegáIt [ mancla

clenAmux CAMBODIANA rYcehIyBYkva)BaJ; smøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøab; rgSI > rYceTA BYkvart;dk xøÜnfy

)t;eTA> BYkb:Ulis )ncak;esaCit sNæaKar CAMBODIANA enH ehIyykesalak; >

Ek¥kexµA dwgerOgenHmun cmøgkUnesa CAMBODIANA Tuk > enAeBlEdl

BYkEk¥kexµA Cnøas;rgSI mkdl;TVa CAMBODIANA nisSitRsImñak; EdlCasamaCik Ek¥kexµA

mankUnesacmøg ebIkTVa CAMBODIANA [rgSIcUl > nisSitRsImñak;enH )nCYyCivit rgSI

eday rgSI mindwgxøÜnpgeT > nagsBVéf¶enH rs;enAshrdæGaemrik >

clnaEk¥kexµA )nbgáb; KñaxøH enAkñúg srésssUgén eyaFa bUlIs h‘unEsn >

BYkEk¥kexµA erobcMeFVIrdæRbharTmøak;rbbExµrRkhm kñúgqñaM 1979 k¾b:uEnþ evotNam

eKeFVImun > BYkTahan RKU ehIynigeBTü enAdMbn;xøH² )nrsesssl; edaysar Et

BYkEk¥kexµA lYcCYykarBar >

=================================================================

9

bBa¢IraynaménsmaCiksßabni énclna kEnSgs % BOARD OF KANSEIGN SAR FOUNDER MEMBERS:

1. semþcsg/ CYnNat 2. semþcRbv½nrtn_ GIuvTYt

3. elakRKUmha su‘T§ ¬PUmiTYlkMRbuk )sak;¦

4. elakRKUmha sux ¬sc©aMg PñMKUeln¦ 5. elakRKUmha Pim ¬vtþdMrIsr¦

6. elakRKU «k ¬vtþekaH GgÁrbUrI¦ 7. elakRKU fac;sal ¬vtþmgÁlbUrI¦

8. elakRKU mha fac; sag ¬vtþ kMEpg¦ 9. elakRKU mha Kiméf

10. elakRKU mha fac;ehog

11. elakRKU mha yWn ¬vtþkNþal¦ 12. elakRKU mha fac;QUk

13. ta køwk 14. ta r:t

15. ta BMu 16. tac½nÞ ¬efIy¦

17. taLab; ¬rUgéRC¦ 18. taRBwm

19. tarI 20. ta g:k; ¬RKUKunniym¦

21. ta Lúk ¬RKUKunniym¦ 22. tasM ¬RKUKunniym¦

23. elakRKU mha ePak ePOk 24. ta mwug ¬RKUKunniym¦

25. Gacarü Ca 26. Gacarü Eb:n

27. ta ém 28. «tþmesnIy ln;Nl;

GtIt RbFan clnakEnSgs %

FORMER PRESIDENT OF KANSEIGN SAR: RbFan TI 1 % «tþmesnIy ln;Nl; ¬ecAdara¦

RbFan TI 2 % elakRKU fac;QUk ¬BaJwm¦

RbFan TI 3 % elakRKU ehog ¬RtwgviBaJvag¦

10

RbFan TI 4 % elakRKU Kiméf

RbFan TI 5 % fac; RBhµvir³

RbFan TI 6 % ecAdara ¬rhasSnam¦

RbFan TI 7 % fac; b:Uc

GtIt embBa¢akar kgvr³esna, kgBl ehIynig GgÁBl én clnakEnSgs% FORMER BATTALION, BRIGADE & DIVISION COMMANDER OF KANSEIGN SAR

1. fac;b:Uc 2. GwugkUv ¬«tþmesnIy¦ 3. daBaJ;RkUc

4. fac;epg 5. fac;eb 6. fac;suIEy:m

7. fac; sUm:alI 8. fac;kay 9. facgIug

10. fac;;saT 11. fac;suT§ 12. KwmsuIy:a

13. eKograCü 14. eKogmwug 15. eKogENg

16. fac;sYn 17. fac;esO 18. raCüebg

19. kuyesO 20. Giuvsiun 21. nak;sM ¬«tþmesnIy¦

22. ecAGuI 23. ln;Nn; 24.; ecA dara ¬rhasSnam¦

qñaM 1957 ExmIna ecAbUrIu GKÁsñgkarneya)y énclnakEnSgs, RBabGiun

GKÁsñgkarrg, m³Fura GKÁelxaFikar RBmTaMg smaCikkEnSgs TaMgGs; 41 nak; RtUv

elakGiuntaM cab; enAtaEkv > BYkGñkTaMg 41 nak;enH \tman téd rwgrusGVIeT BIeRBaH

clnakEnSgs cg;dwgfa etIExµr smøab;ExµresñhaCati KñaÉgb¤eT ? etIrdæPi)lExµrsmøab;

ExµresñhaCati EdlKµan xuHGVIesaH eRkAGMBI h‘ants‘U bUCaCIvit edIm/I karBarÉkraCü

bUrNPaBTwkdIExµr b¤eT ? clnakEnSgs cg;bØak;mti mhaCn nUvsPaBeXaeXA

énGñkRKb;RKgrdæGMNacExµr [raRsþExµrPJak;eLIg nUvmhnþray EdlRsukeyIgkMBg;qøgkat; >

11

BYkGñkTaMgGs;Kña 41 nak;enH \tmantk;søútGVIeT enAeBlEdleKcgmux cgep¥ab

srsr )B;aJecal > m³Fura niyaypþaMfa % ´sUmepJI søab):káar enHTuk[ kUn´ > cUrkUn

cgcaMfa edayehtuEt ]Buk l¶g;caB;aJe)k BYkelµaPGMNac > cUrkUnxMeronsURt [ecHdwg

[)neRCARCH CYyrMedaHCatieyIg GMBIPaBl¶g;exøA eXaeXA >

semþcsgÇCUnNat ehIynig semþcRbv½nr½tn_ GIuvTYt sresrBaJtþi fVay semþc

sIuhnu sUm kMu[smøab; BYk kEnSgsr 41 nak;enH edaymanExµr² RBHRtBaMgenA)t;dMbg

cuHhtßelxaKaMRT > k¾b:uEnþ GuintaM eRbIkl;l/ic eday Exøgxøay Ekr suIeB:aJ rbs; BYkRbCa

Blrdæ EdlylRBm eTACa minyl;RBm elIkElgeTaseTAviBaJ edIm/I [BYk minylRBm

elIkElgeTas mancMnYn eRcInCag BYkylRBm >

elakGiuntaM elµaPbuNskþi cg;eFVInaykrdæmRnþI > semþcsIuhnu caBaJ;kll/ic

d¾Gkuslén elakGiuntaM > semþcsIuhnu eCOsøú‘b elakGIuntaM > CaTIGavsan

semþcsIuhnu bBa¢a [smøab;TaMg Gs;ecal > smøab;ecal GñkesñhaCati 41 nak; >

karN_enHbegáItCa KMnM > KMnM enH CaktþamYy CYyruBaJRcan [Qaneq<aHeTAkan;

karrdæRbhar Tmøak; semþc neratþmsIuhnu 13 qñaMeRkaymk enAéf¶TI 18 mIna qñaM1970>

semþcsgÇCYnNat Ca strategist GñkyuT§saRsþ kñúgkarerobcM eFVIrdæRbharTmøak;

semþcneratþmsIuhnu > semþcsgÇCYnNat elakminEmnCa GñksMerc faRtUvEteFVI

b¤minRtUveFVIrdæRbharenaHeT > luHmtiPaKeRcIn sMercfaRtUvEt eFVIrdæRbhar eTIbGñkTaMg

Gs;KñaenaH sYreyablelak fa etIQñH b¤minQñH ? etIeFVIy:agNa edIm/IQñH ?

semþcsgÇCYnNat elaksuKt R)MmYy Ex muneBl eKTmøak; semþc sIuhnu edayyYn

cak;fñaMbMBl; >

semþcsIuhnu RTg;RCabCamunfa elak ln;Nl; RbugeRbóbeFVIrdæRbharTmøak;

elak BIeRBaHman ExµrYyYnevotmiuBaJ mñak; Edlbgáb;xøÜn )neFVICa GKÁelxaFikar én clna

kEnSgs )nk/t;clna yksMNMuerOg kMNt;ehtuTaMgGs;én karb:unb:geFVI rdæRbharenH

eTATUl semþcsuIhnu > samaCik kEnSgsr k/t;clnaenH sBVéf¶ rsenA RbeTs)raMg >

12

´nigniyay briyayerOg rdæRbharTmøak; semþcsIuhnu [)nBisþaenAéf¶eRkay >

ecAdara bBa¢ak;CamYy´ fa % kEnSgs ehIy nig sWgg:ukfan; KµanGVITak;Tg

nigKñaeT taMgEtBIedImeLIymk > kEnSgs Cacalna dac;RsLH BIclna sWgg:ukfan; >

CIb‘unsg édsþaM sWgg:ukfan; mklYceKa GñkRsuk enAtMbn; xñacrmas cMnYn rab;Ban;k/al

bNþal[ GñkRsuk Gt;eKa P¢Ürrs > GñkRsukEdlTTYlrgeRKaHedayGMeBIlYcbøn; énBYk

elak sWgg:ukfan; enH CaeRcIn RtUvCa bgb¥ÚnBaJatieBaJam sarelhitnig BYkkEnSgsr

bþwgmk BYkkEnSgsr [CYykarBar >

BYk sWgg:ukfan; Kµan)neFVIGVICYy RbCaraRsþeT manEteFVI)braRsþ EfmeTot >

CaehtubNþal[ BYk kEnSgs eFVIb½kSsm<½n§ CamYyBYk sWgg:ukfan; minekIt >

BYkkEnSgs ecosvag min vay kMTic BYk sWgg:ukfan; ehIynig mincUlrYm shRbti

btþikar CamYy BYk sWgg:ukfan; mYy dgNaeT >

elaksWgg:ukfan; )ncUl b½kSsm<½n§CamYyevotNam xagt/Úg k¾dUc eGogsarIu cUl

b½kSsm<½n§ CamYyevotNam xageCIg CaehtubNþal[ clna kEnSgs eFVIshkar

CamYymin)n nigclnaTaMgBIrenH >

KYr[kt;sMKal; % clna kEnSgs CMunMu Kñaral;Ex enAshrdæGaemrik >

(Source: KANSEIGN SAR, interview with Chau Dara)

RTwsþIRbvtþisaRsþ GVIeTAEdlehAfaRbvtþisaRsþ ? GñkR)CJ EpñkRTwsþI RbvtþisaRsþ GgeKøs

ehIynig )raMg E.H. CARR & Edouard Ladurie )nbkRsay y:agc/as; nUvGVIEdl

ehAfa RbvtþisaRsþ > RbvtþisaRs KWkarsikSa Historical events > etIGVIeTAEdlehAfa

Historical events/ Evènement historiques ?

13

tamelak E.H. CARR, facts (faits) eRbob)neTAnigRtICaeRcIn EdleKKr enAelI

ran > RbvtþisaRsþviTU (Historian) sMerccitþeRCIserIsRtI NamYy tamEt citþKat;cg; edIm/I

eFVIsmør mYymuk > rYcmkKat;ykRtIenaH eTA pSMeRKOgCa smør kkUr b¤ smør karIu EdlKat;

yl; eXIBaJfa q¶aBaJ;RbesIrRKan;ebICageK > rYcmkKat;yk mkdak;can [eyIgTaMgGs;

KñaBisar >

RtICaeRcIn EdlenAkñúgKMnr elIran Ca facts > kalNa RbvtþisaRsþviTU eRCIserIs

RtINamYyecBaJ GMBIKMnrRtI RtIEdlKat;erIsykecBaJmkenH køayeTACa historical fact >

mðÚb smør kkUr b¤smør karIu Edl RbvtþisaRsþviTU dak;kñúgcan ykmkCUneyIg BisarenH

ÉgehIy køayCa historical event > historical event enHÉg CaRbvtþisaRsþ >

cMENkÉ Edouard Ladurie elakmanRbsasn_fa RbvtþisaRs minzitenARtimEt

karsikSaén BYkkan:GMNac Etb:ueNÑaHeT RbvtþisaRs KW CaRbvtþiRénraRsþTaMgGs;

RKb;snÞab; CaerOgCivitrsénCnsmØTYreTA >

edayeyaleTAtam RTwsþIRbvtþisaRsþ énelak E.H. CARR & Edouard Ladurie

TaMgBIrnak;enHÉgehIy )nCa´ epþCJasresr esckþIraykar énGñkneya)yExµr EdlGs

elakTaMgGs;enH )nniyayR)b; erOgR)b;´ edIm/ITukCaekrþi CUnbgb¥ÚneyIg [)nRCab >

RbvtþisaRsþviTU BIirnak; minEdlsresrRbvtþisaRsþdUcKñaeT > cMeBaH historical

event EtmYy RbvtþisaRsþviTU bkERb [témøxusKñaRsLH > k¾b:uEnþ GVIEdlsMxan;cMeBaH eyIg

mñak; ² GñkGan esckþIsMxan; sßitenAelI karBicarNaRtiHriH rkehtupl begáItCacm¶l;

etIvasmehtu sm pl b¤eT ? etIva)nkarGVIxøH va)nRbeyaCn_GVIxøH b¤eT cMeBaH

RbvtþisaRsþeyIg ? enHCaTmøab;EdleyIgRtUvman enAeBlEdleyIgGan RbvtþisaRsþ >

CaeRcInNas; EdlBYkGñkRsavRCav breTs fatamKña t²Kña> luHGvsanþ dl;eKeLIgeTA

dl;b¤sKl; eKeXIBaJfa b¤sKl;EtmYy KW GgÁkareXasna yYn EdlbegáItCa ÉksarRKb;

Ebby:ag edIm/IekgRbv:aBaJ; bnøM n½yRbvtþisaRsþ edaybgçÚcmYlbgác; sRtUvyYn >

BYkGñkRsavRCav breTs sikSaEt elIÉksar ebIÉksarenaH rcnaedayyYn lT§pl

14

mukEtlMeGog RsbeTAelIplRbeyaCn_yYnehIy > [Et erOgTak;Tinnig ExµrRkhm b¤

ExµrevotmiuBaJ b¤sKlénÉksarecBaJEt GMBI RbPBVyYn >

etIeyIgRtUveFVIdUcemþcedIm/IedaHRsay ? manEtpøÚvmYyeT KweyIg xitxM smÖas;Gs;

elakcas; ² Edl)nRbLÚkkñúgRbvtþisaRsþenH >

sUmGs;elak emtþa GP½yeTas cMeBaHGkçraviruT§ BIeRBaH ´min)ns<ay evc©nanuRkm

tammk CamYy´eT >

ecAdara ehIynig hgSFunhak; niyayCamYy´ fa b¥ÚnÉgRtUvsresr erOgclna

naeya)yeyIg TukCaekrþi dMENl CUnbgb¥ÚnrYmCatieyIg [)nRCab > cMeBaH clna

rMedaH hgSFunhak; ´minTan;sresrenAeLIyeT > ´k¾dUcbgb¥ÚnÉeTot²Edr ´ecHdwgyl

neya)y d¾tictYcenH edaysar ´)nsikSa eron neya)y GMBI eromc/geyIg dUcCa

bgecAdara, hgSFunhak; ehIynig elakRKU ekgvan;sak; CaedIm > ebIKµaneromc/g

TaMgGs;enHeT ´minP½BVvasna nigyl RbvtþisaRsþeyIg [)nEvgq¶ayNas:NaeT >

)PYn

15

edIm/IesrIPaBExµr ¬PaKTI 3¦ ExµrCa BUCBgSGñkts‘U

viØaNx½nþénbuBVvir³bursExµr TwkdI éRBPñM emXGakas Exµr vtßús½kþisiT§ Gmt³TaMgGs;

enH nwgbBa©Úlcitþ mnusSRKb;rUbEdlrs enAelIEdndIExµr min[bMePøcExµr)neLIy >

GñkNamYy [Et mk rsenA RsukExµr minhYsmYyCMunan;eT mukEt RsLaj; eKarB

ehIynig xwtxM tbsñgsgKN RbeTsExµr EdlmanKN«bkar elIxøÜnmñak;² Caminxan

eLIy > RbeTsExµr EtgEtseNþaH emtþaR)nIy CYy«bßm CnRKb;rUb Edl cUlmk

RCkekan ehIy rsran manCivit d¾sm/ÚrN_sb/ay suxekSmkSanþ >

ta Kg;CacinmYyrUb EdlePosxøÜnecBaJBI RbeTscin kalRsukcin ekItkløiyuKÁ

vwkvr Rbkab;Rbcak;Kña > taKg;CaemKunniym ehIyCaRKÚeBTühµr fñaMburaNcinEs y:ag

cMNan > Kat;mkrsenA RBHRtBaMg > Kat;karRbBn§RsIExµrmñak; > Kat;rkTTYlTan

y:agRbsBV ehIykøayeTACa GñkmansþúksþmÖ CaTIeKarB RsLaBaJ;rab;Gan énGñkPUmipg

TaMgBYg > taKg; CasmaCik énKNkmµkarRsukRBHRtBaMg >

Kg;sIum CakUnRbusrbs;taKg; eronCab;sØab½Rt salardæ)l)raMg ehIy eron

Cab;sØb½Rt visVkrsaFarNkar)raMg > tamTMnamTMlab;ExµreyIg Kg;sIum ecHKunniym

ehIynig viC¢aeBTüfñaMburaN y:agsÞat;CMunaj dUc]BukKat; > Kat;eront²Kña BIGñkPUmi cas;

RBiT§acarü >

rdæGMNacGaNaniKm)raMg )ncat;taMg Kg;sIum [eFVICa GPi)lRsukRBHRtBaMg >

RbBn§ Kg;sIumeQµaH ys;Lúg CaExµrRBHRtBaMg kat;BUCGm/ÚrN_cam > bgRbusKat;mñak;

eQµaH esogXim CaTIRbwkSaén høÜgmnIvgS bnÞab;mk høÜgsuram:ariT§ EdlCaRBHbIta énhøÜg

sIuhnu > esogXim CaGKÁelxaFikar énhøÜg mnIvgS TTUlbnÞúk dwknaM neya)y RbqaMg

rdæPi)l )raMg kñúgkarN_Edl rdæPi)l)raMg b:unb:g RbKl; km<úCakNþal [yYn

kan;kab; > esogXim semþcsgÇCUnNat elakta suT§ ehIynigelakta sux ehIynig

emdwknaMExµreRkamÉeTot naMKña xwtxM BRnwgBRnIkrdææGMNac ekþabkþab; PUmiXMu tamry³

KNkmµkarvtþGaramN_ > elakTaMgGs;Kña yleXIjfa manEt GMNac Edlman

mUldæan enAkñúgvtþeT eTIbGacTb;Tl; nigGMNac)raMg Edlcg; ykkm<úCakNþal RbKl;[

yYnkan;kab; )n>

«)yklevotNam edIm/IbnøM rdæGMNacExµr evotNam eRbIkl«)yRKb;Ebby:agedIm/Ielb TwkdIExµr edayejaHjúg [Exµr

smøab;ExµrKñaÉg > yYnejaHjúgExµr)sak; [eFVI)bExµrRBHRtBaMg > «TahrN_ enAeBl

sRgÁamelakelIkTIBIr qñaM 1940 )raMgcat;[yYn EknmnusS ykeTAeFVITah‘an edIm/Ivay

GaløWm:g; NasIu > yYnecosvag minEknyYnKñaeK ykeTAeFVITah‘an)raMgeT edayevotNam

RbugeRbóbxøÜn nwgvaykMcat; )raMg[ecjGMBI \NÐÚcinenAeBlxagmuxenH > dYecñH edIm/I

[RKb;cMnYn Edl )raMgtRmÚv[yk yYncat;taMg BYkExµr)sak; [Ekn BYkExµr RBHRtBaMg

ykeTAeFVI CaTah‘an)raMg CMunYsyYn >

KµanGñkNamYy cg;[kUneTAc/aMg enARsukq¶ay eT > mþay]BukrEmgRsLaj;kUn

mincg;[kUneTAq¶ayBIxøÜneLIy > k¾b:uEnþ edayxøac)raMg k¾beNþaykUn [eTAeFVITah‘an)raMg

eTA > luHdl;BYkRBHRtBaMgeXIj kUnRbus² rbs;BYkExµr)sak; CaeRcIn mineTA eFVITah‘an

)raMg erOgenH bNþal [ekIteTA CaerOgekþARkhay ekItCakarecaTRbkan;Kña faÉgbBaÚ¢n

EtkUnGj[eTA eFVITah‘an)raMg cMENkÉkUnÉgvij ÉgTukkUnÉg[enApÞH > enHCaehtu

bNþal[ Ebk)k;samKÁI rvag BYkExµr )sak; ehIynig ExµrRBHRtBaMg rhUteTAdl;

ekItCa erOgr:av kab;cak;Kña > enHehIyCa kll/icyYn Edl eKbMEbkExµr >

yYndutExµr - yYnkab;Exµr

yYneKeRbI «)ykledIm/I [)raMgs¥b;Exµr > eRkayGMBI sRgÁamelakelIkTIBIr bnþic

mk kñúg qñaM 1946 evotNam ehIynigExµr naMKñabegáIt clnaedIm/IrMedaH matuPUmi rag²xøÜn>

emdwknaMevotNam esñIsUm[mankarCUbCMuKña rvagExµrevotNam edIm/I BiPkSaKña GMBIEpn

karrYm rMedaHCati > emdwknaMevotNam niyaybEnßmeTotfa enAeBlCMunMu eyIgmin RtÚv

ykeRKOg saRsþavuF§ kaMbit BUefA mkCamYyxøÜneyIgeT edIm/I ecosvag kMu[ )raMg cab;fñak;

)n fa eyIgbMrug eFVIsRgÁam vayGaNaniKm)raMg > ExµreCO emdwknaMyYn > luHdl;eBl

CMunMu emdWknaM ExµrswgEtTaMgGs; RbmUlKñIKña eTARbCMu > edIm/Ilak;kMu[ )raMgdwg BYkemdwknaM

TaMgGs;; mUlmat;KñaeRCIserIsyk CRgúkRsÚv CaTIkEnøgRbCMu > CRgúkRsÚv enAkm<úCaeRkam

maMNas; mingayGñkNa eTAkab;Tmøay)n edaygay²eT > kMBg;EtCMunMu emdwknaMyYn

lYcecj mñak;mþg² > bnÞab;mk yYnbiTexÞaH TVaCRgúk BIeRkACit rYcehIy yYnnaMKña

dutCRgúk >

kñúgEt mYyéf¶ enAeBlCamYyKña CRgúkRsÚvExµr enAkm<úCaeRkam eqHTaMgGs; > kñúgEt

mYyéf¶ ExµreRkam RBmTaMgemdwknaM cMnYnRbEhl bImWun ¬30,000¦ nak; søab;eday

yYndut TaMgrs > ExµrrgeRKaH minGaceTAbþwg rdæPi)l)raMg)neT >

«)yklyYn manBIrknøak; > knøak;TImYy yYndutExµrTaMgrsenAkñúgCRgúk >

luHGnuvtþ knøak;TImYyrYcehIy emdwknaMevotNam dwgc/as;fa ExµrmukEtsgswk vijCa

minxan > emdwknaMyYn xSwbR)b;KñIKñaeK [rt;eTABYnkñúgéRBCit² k¾b:uEnþ eKminR)b;BYkyYn

EdlCa kUnecar yUkUg lYcqk; KWfa BYkyYn sMNl;sgÁm EdlsgÁmyYneKminrab;rk

[dwgeT > bnÞab;mk yYneTA xSwbR)b; GñkkaEst)raMg EdlyYn)n Tak;Tgy:agCitsñiT§

BImun fanigman RBiT§kar d¾sMxan;mYy nwgekItmaneLIg enA eBlqab;² enH >

edayehtuEt ExµrekþARkhayxøaMgeBk [Etcab;yYn)n enAkñúgPUmi Exµrcab;ykeTA

dutecal TaMgrs TaMgGs; > yYnsøab;RbEhl 400 nak; TaMgGs; k¾b:uEnþ yYnsøab; enAmux

ksiNsakSI GñksaB’tman)raMg >

Kg;sIum GPi)lRsukRBHRtBaMg CaemdwknaM karsgswk > Kat;Føak;kñúgGnÞak;yYn >

emdwknaMyYn niyayR)b;)raMgfa emIlcuH Exµrshav éRBépS xøaMgNas; > Exµrdut

yYn TaMgrs dUecñH minKYr[Exµr RKb;RKgrdæGMNac enAkm<úCaeRkameT > BYkGñkkaEst )raMg

eCOBYkemdwknaMyYn edayeKeXIjxøÜnÉgenAnwgEPñk rYcehIy GñksarB’tman)raMg sresr

erOgenH enAkñúgsarB’tman)raMg ):rIs eRkamcMNg eCIgFM² fa ExµrdutyYn > emdwknaMyYn

eKTTYlkar KaMRT y:ag skmµ énGñkkaEst)raMg > yYndutExµr yYnEkrbnøM mtimhaCn

)raMg [eCOfa ExµrdutyYn eTAvij eKEkr seTACa exµA ehIyexµA eTACa s eTAvij >

BYkGñkneya)y)raMg ehIy nig mtimhaCn)raMg eCOtamkaEst )raMg > CaTIGvsan

rdæPi)l )raMg dkbuNs½kþ Exµr TaMgGs; enAkm<úCaeRkam Elg[RKb;RKg rdæGMNac >

bnÞab;mk )raMgEtgtaMg yYn [mk RtYtRtaExµrenA km<úCaeRkam taMgEtBIeBl enHmk >

km<úCaeRkam ebIkTMB’rRbvtþi saRsþ d¾CUrct; CafµImYyeTot > rdæPi)l)raMg epÞrrdæGMNac

RKb;RKgkm<úCaeRkam enAéf¶ TI 4 mifuna qñaM 1949 dkrdæGMNacRKb;RKg GMBI høÜgsIuhnu

[eTA høÜgyYn *day kan;kab; eday KµansaksYrmtiRbCaraRsþ EdlrsenAelI TwkdI

km<úCaeRkam d¾mYydgNaeLIy >

minyUb:unµan eRkaymkeT yYnejaHjúg)raMgfa Exµr cg;bHe)rvay )raMg ehIy

yYnykels enH edIm/Icab;emdwknaMExµr eTAdak;Kuk > rYcmk yYnykExµreTAsmøab;

edayedat Ca RteNat ExSrlYs > yYnsmøab;Exµr TaMgRteNat² yYnsmøab;Exµr TaMgCug²

dak;[RtI smuRTsIu > rYcehIy yYnedIrxSwbexSóv pSayR)b;mtimhaCnfa Exµrkab;yYn

Exµrkab;yYn eTAvij >

qñaM 2003 taraÉkceRmóg TUcRsInic nageRcog cMerogEføgGMBI Tukçesaknadkmµ

énExµreRkam nageRcógerOgRbvtþi yYndutExµr ehIynigyYn kab;Exµr xagelIenH lk;pSay

tam DIvIDI > R)MmYyEx eRkaymk eKb:geFVIKt;nag > nagRtUvrbYs y:agTm¶n; >

nagTUcRsInic Kµanxus GVIeRkAGMBI cg;CMurab ExµreyIg nUverOgRbvtþisaRsþ GMBIerOgyYn dutExµr

ehIynigyYn kab;Exµr enHeT >

Kg;sIum RtUvyYntamsmøab; > Kat;rtePosxøÜn rttaméRB mkExµrkNþal > KñaKat;

TaMgGs; 12 nak; suT§swgyYntamsmøab; > Kat;minEdlmkExµrkNþaleT > Kat;RKan;Et

dwgfa CayUknøgNas;mkehIy manCItama mñak;ePosxøÜnmkenAExµrkNþal > Kat;Kµan

sÁal; Gas½ydæan ÉNaeT >

CayUGEgVgNas; mkehIy ral;stvtS RKb;rC¢kal taMgEtBIburmµN_buraNkalmk

clna ts‘UrExµr EtgEt rt mkRCklak;xøÜn enAExµrkNþal b¤enAéf surin Rtat EdlCa

dIExµr Edlesom )nrMelaP ykeTAkan;kab; >

Kg;sIum ehIynig mitþP½kSTaMgGs;Kña dUreQµaHTaMgGs;Kña enAeBlEdl mkdl;Rsuk

ExµrkNþal >

esomRtYtRtakan;kab; extþExµrbI )t;dMbg møÚéRB ehIynigesomrab mkTl; qñaM

1945 > sVaydUnEkv Ca RsukenAcugb:UcEdl )raMg kan;kab; munnwgqøgkat;cUleTA

RbeTsesom > munnwgeTAdl; sVaydUnEkv GñkdMeNIr RtUvqøgkat;PUmiRtBaMgCgsin >

RtBaMgCg CaPUmi Edl CnePosxøÜn BYkRBHRtBaMg CaGñkbegáIt > RtBaMgCg CakEnøg

cugeRkayehIy Edl GñkdMeNIrsYrrk jatiþsNþan enA)t;dMbg b¤enARsukesom munbnþr

dMeNIr teTAeTot > GñkdMeNIrminGac sYreKÉg CasarFar)neT BIeRBaH ebI)raMg b¤yYn

dwg )raMgnwgcab;dak;Kuk edayecaTRbkan;RKb; Ebby:ag facg;begáItclna ts‘Ur b¤k¾rt

eKc kMENnTYreTA minRBmeFVITah‘an)raMg >

enARtg; RtBaMgCgenH edIm/IeKcBIBYk rdækar)raMg manpøÚvBIredIm/I qøgeTA)t;dMbg

rYceTA qøgeTAesom > pøÚvTImYy KW pøÚvelI KWfapøÚvPñM > pøÚvelIenH nwgnaMeq<aHeTA PUmi sMLÚt >

sMLÚt CaPUmibegáIteday ExµrRBHRtBaMg > sMLÚt 25 qñaM eRkaymk l/IxÞrxÞar edaysar

BYkExµrRkhm b:ulBt niyayGYtGag GMBIvir³PaB Edl BYkeK )nbUCaCIvit edIm/IvayTah‘an

semþcsIuhnu [hinehac > k¾b:uEnþeKmin)n dwgxøÜnfa eKkMBg;Etcaj; e)kneya)yyYn

eT >

pøÚvmYyeTot eTAtam Tenøsab kMBgFM esomrab rYccUl eTAesom > ExµreRkam sg;

PUmirkUt hUrEhr rhUteTAdl; surin c½nÞburuI QunburIu Rtat > RkLaj; Et/g ¬esomrab¦

bvwl ¬)t;dMbg¦ suT§swgCa PUmiExµreRkam >

BYkExµreRkam Edlrt eKcGMBI GaCJaFryYn )raMg EdltamBü)Tkab;smøab; suT§swg

rt;R)s;Gayu dUecñHehIy eRcInEtrt;mkEtmñak;Ég TukRbBn§kUnenAÉRsukeRkam > BYkTaMenH

karRbBn§ CamYy BYkPñg, KYy, r:aedr, B’r ehIynig BYk xm > BYkyYn k¾dUcKñaEdr >

BYkyYn eKmk Rbkat;BYCsasn_ CamYynigBYkCnPaKtic > yYnkat;BUCGm/ÚrN_ CamYynig

BYkPñg, KYy, r:aedr, B’r enAEtBas; kñugextþ RkecH sÞwgERtg kMBgFM esomrab )t;dMbg

møÚéRB > etIGVIEdlsMxan; enAkñúgerOg kat;BUCsasn_enH?

KµanBUCNamYysuT§eT! GVIEdlsMxan;bMput KW eyIgpSarsgÁmeyIg edayesckþI

emtþakruNa RsLajrab;GanKñaCa bgb¥Ún Cajati sNþan edayQrelI esrIPaB

RbCaFibtI >

enAeBlEdl Kg;sIum eTAdl; )t;dMbg enACMnan;enaH GaNaniKm esomRKb;RKg

enAeLIy Kat;eXIjfa PUmiyYnenAtam dgTenø sEgár sÞwgtVak b¤mYy PumiRbdak Cit

esomrab yYn ehIynigBUCGm/ÚrN_yYn eKrsenARbTak;RkLaKña y:agCitsñiT§ > Kg;sIum

yl;eXIjfa yYnkþab;ekþab km<úCakNþal xøaMgCag km<úCaeRkameTAeTot >

edayKat;ecHyYn y:agsÞat; Kat;edIrdUr Es/k xñaytan; CamYy bgb¥Ún CnCatiPaK

tic ehIyTij sENþkeBat BIyYn ykmklk;ÉpSar)t;dMbg > enH eFVI[Kat; yleXIj

kan;Etc/as;eTAeTot nUv GMNacsm¶at;yYn ekþabkþab; PUmiXMuExµr enACnbT > manPUmi

enACnbT CaPUmiyYnbegáIt ehIyyYn dak;eQµaH edIm/IrMB¤kvir³PaByYnKñaeK >

Kg;sIum ehIynigmitþP½kSKat; begáItsmaKmExµreRkam edIm/IkarBar plRbeyaCn_Exµr

CYyEfrkSakarBar rdæGMNacRKb;RKgExµr kñúgRsukPUmi > smaKmExµreRkam RbTak;RkLaKña

CabNþaj mansaxarayKñaeTA dl;surin Rtat ehIynig km<úCaeRkam >

éxesg Ca b¥ÚnCIdUnmYy elaksWnsan > éxesg niyayR)b;Kat;fa )raMgRtUvkar

emkarmñak;edIm/I sg; pøÚvrfePøIg BI)t;dMbgeTA e):yEb:t > Kg;sIum mincgeTAeFVIkar CamYy

)raMgeT Kat;cg;edIrrkTTYlTan tamPUmiXMuvij edIm/I Tak;TgraRsþRbCa[rwtEt CitsñiT§sin >

edayéxesg GgVrKat; faeyIgRtUvEt BrnwgkarR)Rs½yTak;Tg rvag ExµrCamYy)raMg >

eyIgminRtUvTuk[ yYn):vpþac;mux EtmñakÉgeT > edayehtuenH Kat; k¾suxcitþTTYleFVICa

emkar > emkarÉeTot² siT§EtyYn > Kat;lak;xøÜn bnøMeFVI CayYnEdr > Kat;BUEkreFVIkar

Nas; > dl;eFVIkaryUr²eTA )raMgcUlcitþKat; k¾cat; taMgKat; [eFVIkan;EtFM eTAeTot >

yYnekIt mnÞwlsgS½y yYnesIubeTAdwgfa Kat;CaExµreRkam >

l¶acenaH KNkmµkarsmaKmkm<úCaeRkam 12 nak; CYbCMuKña CECkedaHRsay GMBI

bBaðakñúgPUmi CaFmµta > rYcehIynaMKña BIsar)yCamYyKña enAePaCnIydæan edayBIsar

RsaelgkMsanþ > Kg;sIum Kat;mincUlcitþ júaMRsaeT > k¾b:uEnþ CakarKYrsm Kat;CIb

surabnþic² CamYymitþ P½kSKat; > luHBIsar)yrYcehIy mñak;²RtLb;vwleTApÞHrag²xøÜn >

eRkaymk )nRbEhl CaBIr b¤bIem:ag GñkTaMg 12 nak; Bl;Rbkac; søab;TaMgGs;Kña >

Kg;sIum søab;eRkay eKbg¥s; edaysar Kat;BisarRsa ticCageK > Kat;søab; enAelIéd

kUnRbuseBA rbs;Kat; EdlKat; eGovdak;elIsµa enAeBlEdlKat;rt; cakecal km<úCa

eRkam > manEtelakta sux sc©aMg PñMKUElneT Edlelakdwg fa Cm¶W enaH KWRtÚveK

bMBl; > elakGacemIl [Ca)n RbsinebIelak dwgTan;eBlevla > Kg;sIumxøÜnÉg

k¾GacemIlGñkÉeTot Ca)nEdr RbsinebIxøÜnKat;minBl; >

emdwknaMyYn eKminjejItsmøab;emdwknaMExµrBUEkreT >

Kg;sIum manbgb¥Ún 9 nak; RbBn§Kat; ys;Lúg manbgb¥Ún 7 nak; > kUnRbus

Kat;mñak; CasmaCikmYyrUb EdlbegáItclnakEnSgs > kUnkµÜy Kat; ehIynigkUnKat; 45

nak; cUlbeRmI CaemdwknaM clna kEnSgs CaembBa¢akar kgvr³esna ehIynigkgvr³

esnaFM (Brigade commander and Division commander) > ExµrRkhm evotmuij smøab;

kUnkµÜyKat;Gs; 40 nak; k¾b:uEnþclna kEnSgs-Ek¥kexµA enAEtbnþskmµPaB teTACanirnt_

RbqMagnig yYnQøanBan elbTwkdIkm<úCa >

kalBI éf¶TI 24 kumÖ³ 2004 knøgputeTAenH viTüú GasIuesrI )npSayfa enAPñMeBj

ePøIg eqHpÞHxÞm cMnYn 500 Gs;rlIg > pÞHxÞmTaMgGs;enaH suT§swg CakUnxÞmén ExµreRkam >

GaCJaF’ryYn eFVI)bExµreRkam \tQb;Qr Tal;Et rsenAmin)n > enHCa neya)yyYn

beNþjExµreRkam min[enAkm<úCaeRkam > xøHrtmkRCkenA km<úCakNþal enAtamvtþ >

ehtuEdl ExµreRkam rtcakecalkm<úCaeRkam mkRCkekan enAkm<úCakNþal KWeday

ehtuEt rdækaryYn rwbGUs ykdIGs;eTA > viTüúGasIuesrI min)nbBa¢ak;fa BYkrgeRKaHfñak;

CaBYkExµr eRkameT >

)PYn Source: Chau Dara interview

RbPBVB’tman % smÖasn_ CamYy ecAdara