111 CC1liexclrihIlCio llcs MtIOJnloacutegicIS iexclJI CnllnC inllllllo Je lo Rleacuteursos N1tllrdc~ (Ay aliexcl middot Iiquest IL 1 1 Ciomiddot Argiu R y lri gL)middot Hui N IJs)

Uniacute Autoacutenllctrop xol hi1liho IIIuc Ciell del Mar y Liul1ll l UN tM y Soe Ml ~ Ili 1 NII

M UIS II ~ 10 I S1RA111ICAIJ0 y IJ 1()~1 ASA DE A111 CA 11 (-l 51 j

EL MUESTREO EST RATIFICADO UN AH ER RA MIENTA PARA ESTIMAR LA BIOMASA DEARTEMIA EN ESTANQUES

SALINEROS MENORES DE 10000 m2bull

Castro Mejiacutea Jorge Castro Mejiacutea Germaacuten Monroy Dosta Mariacutea del Carmen amp Torres Hemaacutendez Cinthia Jesica

Resumen Imiddot i la investigacioacuten permitioacute analizar si el muestreo estratificado sirve como herramienta para determinar el potencial producti vo

le- 1uemia en estanques semi-ruacutesticos de una Salinera en el poblado de Las Salinas San Luiacutes Potosiacute Se mlI1ejaron

stanques con dimensiones de 40 x 50 m y de acuerdo a sus dimensiones se formaron tres estratos Se comparoacute la

liormacioacuten obtenida por todos los cuadrantes 30 de los cuadrantes seleccionados al azar o los cuadrantes que forman

1 primer estrato Dura nte un antildeo cada 15 diacuteas los es tanques fueron mu estreados En cada cuadrante se fi liraron 100 L de

gua y los organismos obtenidos fueron contados y separados en tres estadios principales nauplio juveniles y adultos

stan machos y hembras Los va lores promedio de los organismos se extrapolaron al volumen del estanque considerando 30

cm de profundidad Comparando los dos primeros meacutetodos el valor promedio obtenido no muestra variaciones considerables

SIIl embargo lo uacutenico qu e cambia para beneficio de la persona encargada es la disminucioacuten del nuacutemero de cuadrantes

ll1uestreados por lo que el tiempo y esfuerzo implicado para ello se reduce Al utilizar so lo la informacioacuten del primer estrato

la densidad poblacional de Artemia se incrementa por lo que hay que tener cuidado en la extrapolacioacuten de la informacioacuten

al total del estanque Nunca hay que considerar que se va a cosechar el 100 de la poblacioacuten ni extrapolar la informacioacuten

a la profundidad total del estanque a menos que este sea menor de OJO m ya que Artellia suele ocupar solamente la supershy

IIcie (10-30 cm) y de preferencia las orillas Por otro lado hay que considerar el compOJ1amiento gregario de AUelllia yel viento

ya que su accioacuten puede crear cOITientes que acumulan la biomasa de Artellio en determinadas zonas del estanque Este tipo

de muestreo podraacute ser realizado solamente en aquellos cuerpos de agua que tengan bien delimitado su periacutemetro en aacutereas que

no sobrepasen los 10000m2 La decisioacuten de utilizar este muestreo o el combinado lo tendraacute la persona encargada de realizarlo

Palabras clave Muestreo estmtifrc(frlo Artelluacute(f CItilO biolll(fsa

Abstract This research allowed ifthe stratified sampling data analysis can be used to determine the productive biomass potential of

Artelllia under I Ha malll1lade sal tponds in Las Salinas San Luis Potosi for this research 40 x 50 m semirustic ponds were

handled and according to their dimensions three layers were formed The mean value biomass dala was compared using all

quadrants only 30deg( of all quadrants (at random) 01 all quadrants from the fiacuterst layer ofthe pondo During one year every 15

days was taking a sample In each quadrant 100 L ofwater pond was filtered and the organisms were counted and classified

in three main stages naupllus jllvenile and adult (classified in males and females) The mean values average of the

organisms Vas extrapolated to total volume of the pond considering 30 cm depth Comparing the two lirst methods the

mean vallle obtained d idnt show considerable variations Nevertheless the only thing that it changes is for benefit of the

researcher because he can reduce the number of quadrants that need to take a sample and time and effort implicated in this

teclmique reduced too When you use the information obtained for the first layer ofthe pond the population density of ArtellliI

increased reason to be carefulIy in the extrapolation ofthe information oftotal area In a eontinllous culture cycle ofArtell1i(f the

researcher can not considered to take off the 100 of Ihe population neiacutether to extrapolated oftotal volume depth of iexclhe pondo

just in case les s than 30 cm depth pond becallse Artelllia only use or find at the water surface (10-30 cm) and prefers the bOImiddotdcrs

It is necessaly to consider the Arlell1i(f gregarious behavior and Ihe wind blows because its action can acc111l1ulated the biomass

in specific zones oflhe pondo The stratified samplillg techn ique only calluse in waler bodies that have delimited borders and in

areas that do not exceed 10000 mThe researcher is the only persone can make the decision to use one method or other

Key words stratifred sil lIlpling Artelllia culture biolll(fss

Departamento El Hombre y su Ambienle Universidad Autoacutenoma Mctropolitana-Xochill1ileo camj7509concoxocuammx

45

Hidrob iol oacutegica 200717 [1) SJ60

Anti~iotics incor~oration in Artemia franciscana naupli metal1au~lii juveniles ano adults

ano tneir inni~itory action 011 Aeromonas hydrophila hacteria

Incor~oracioacuten oe anti~i[lticos en nauplios metanau~lios juveniles yaDultos oe Artemia franciscana ysu accioacuten inhi~itoria en la bacteria Aeromonas hydrophda

Germaacuten Castro Mejiacutea l Thaliacutea Castro Barrera l

Joseacute Luis Arredondo Figueroa 2

Jorge Castro Mejiacutea 1

and Ramoacuten De Lara Andrade l

Laboralorio ele Alimento Vivo Departamento del Hombre y Su Ambiente Divi sioacuten de Ciencias 8oloacutegeca5 y de la Salud Universidad Autoacutenoma Me~tropolctaoa Xo chlmclco Calwcla del Hueso 1100 Col Villa ~uietud 04960 Mexlco DJ emiddotmall aecastrocorreoxocuammx

Planta ExpelClnrntal dr Produccioacuten Acuicolil DepiJltilmento de Hidroheologia Divisioacuten de Ciencias Bioloacuteg icas y de la Salud Universidild Autoacutenoma Metropolililna Iztapalapa Avenida San flafael Atlixco 186 Colonia Vice ntina Iltapalilpa 09340 Mexico DJ Aparlado Postal 55middot535

CaSliomiddot Melia G T Castro-Barrera J L Arredo ndo-figueroa J CaslromiddotMelia ampR De Lara 2007 Anl iblOlics incorporailon io AIemla franciscana nauplii metanauplii luveniles and adults and their Inhibitory aClion on Aelo onas hydlophla b2CIcria HidloblOoacutegica 1711) 53-60

ABSTRAeT The crustacean Anemia franciscana has be en used as a drug carrier mainlv in its nauplius stage however the

use 01 other developmental stages ie metanauplius juvenile and adult potentiallv allows treating diseases not

onlV in Irv but also in juveniles and adults In the present work we studied the incorporation 01 antibiotics in these

stages to inhibit the growth 01 the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophifa which causes a high mortalitv in Ireshwater

lishes The antibiotics used were chloramphenicol (base antibioticl nitrolurantoin (Macrodantinareg 50 mg capsules)

and ciprofloxacin (Ciprolloxreg 250 mg capsules) Four we lls were made in Petri dishes with Trvpticasereg sovbean

agar (T SA) and 2 mL 01 bacterial inoculum The wells were used for each antibiotic and one for the control A 1shy

mL sa mple 01 each Anemia stage incorporated with an antibiotic was placed in each well and incubated lor 24 h

at 37degC measuring the inh ibition halos thereafter Re sults indicated that 4 h are needed for the nauplii to become

satura ted and lor the metanauplii juveniles and adults 10 liJl their digestive tract with the antibiotic In nauplii the

three antibiotics producrd inl1ihition h~los in metanaufllii ciprolloxacin produced the best result (2257 mm) in

luveniles chloramphenicol (38 mm) ~nd ciflrollox~cin 133 mm) g~ve the hest results in adults the he SI results were

oiltaincd also with chlorallljlhcl1icol (33mrl1) nl1d ciflrofloxilcin (40 mm) Nitrolurilntoin did not Vielli flositive reslllts il1

rnctanaufllii juveniles nnd 1[lllt5 nlld ilcciJlsr it is so luble in water it is recOlTlrncllded to i1Pflly it in liflidic solutinns

10 ease its incorporation f1eslJlts fr om tllls stllrlV nllow us to csteacutelblis]iexcl tilO bases lar tile co r1trol ilnd trciltmcnt 01

infcctious disea ses ClIIS( ~ cllJy tlir Iractc fltllll AcrnfTIullas hyrlrophifa throuQil tile use 01 cl1lllrllcrci11 iln tib iotics cls ily ilvilrlillilc in Mcxicn

Kry wl1rc1s J1rlCllliil J1iexclrn IlWII7S hyilroiexclhifa ltIllllbiotics liiocllcljlslllillion

en la reproduccIoacuten crustaacuteceo Artemia spsalinidad y su

y su Hidrobiologiacutea Planta Piloto

e-mail uammx

Recibido 24 de abril de 2009 03 de julio de 2009

Resumen El funcionamiento normal de un de de I a correcta entre las relaciones fiacutesishycas y del entorno en donde se encuentra asiacute como de los diferentes procesos bioquiacutemicos que el debe ltle llevar lt1 cabo para su mantenishy

mantener y controlar una estabiliacuteshyioacutenico e hiacutedrico de su cuerpo Toshy

dos los tienen la cer un control sobie la o ausencia de soshylutos en sus o ceacutelula y es por ello que toshydos y cada uno de ellos lo han hecho do de la relacioacuten existente entre las condiciones inshyternas que ueben mantener y las condiciones fiacutesico

qne el haacutehiacutetat qe ocupan

Hna de 113 funciones que se ve alterashyda por los cambios ioacutenicos e hiacuterlricos es la

en que donde la fluctuacioacuten de la sashy

liniu13u es constante COI10 es el caso del ArtemW Esta alteracioacuten en la

debido al gRStO

mita que el individuo nes internas y externas de su medio y asiacute formar un

bull Este trabajo forma parte de la Tesis Doctoral del prishymer autor inscrito en el Programa de Doctorado de Cienshycias Bioloacutegicas de la Universidad A uloacutenoma Jvletropotitana

nuevo individuo con caracteriacutesticas las cuashyles si son exitosas iexcler heredadas a la

En el caso del crustaacuteceo se observa que con ciertas caracteriacutesticas

o o en cantidad o en tasa de a una salinidad que

variar desde los 35 hasta los 170 l Este conocillliento permitiraacute un manejo adecuado de cada

no soacutelo a nivel sino tambieacuten en los distintos en donde se encuentra este recurso de forma natural

Abstract The normal

cal and chemical relationships of the environment as well on the different biochemical processes that tite

should carry out to maintain and control on the ionic and balallce into their

All the need to maintain the conshytrol over the presence or absence of solutes in their tissues and cells Thus each needs to moshy

all their systems on their relationsshyamong the internal conditions that must maiacutenshy

tain in good health and the chemical and physical conditions of their habitat One of the functions that is altered ionie and ges is the and in first

who Uve in saline systems and have con8shytant salinity like the clUstaccan Arte-miacutea Tbese were made becaushyse the energy expenses to maiacutentain other

functions that not exiacutest energy to start the process The

success of of an and mainly on the sexual type reproduction has allow the preshysence of variations among the population and

5

(j ContactoS 73 5-15 (2009)

enutes OlgitlliSlIlS called hyblids that might be Iesshygtolld ill bettcr ways to illternal and external conshy(1 iliollS nI the cllvirolllllent This process produces illl OIgalJ iSIII with i ts own successfu I characteristics Vith tIIC possibility to be inherited to next geneshyra tiolJ In crustDceon Jlrtemia5 case we observed tllat cadl stnlill ltlIISWCr in different ways for reproshyductive characteristics (cysts 01 nouplii production) amount and rate in specific salinity and it amount CDn change to 35 to 170 gL -1 Iange This knowledshyge call allow a better use and management of Arshyterruacutea since laboratory conditions to natural saline systems

Introduccioacuten Mantenimiento de un equtlibrio ioacutenico e hiacutednco El funcionamiento llormal de un organismo depenshyde de la corrNtn regnlilcioacuten entre las relaciones fiacutesishyUL~ Y qlIacutemicis del entorno en donde se encnentril asiacute como ele los diferentes procesos bioquiacutemicos que debe de llevar al cabo para su mantenimiento Los nishyveles de las relaciones son muy amplios ya sea que hablemos del lI1undo externo que lo rodea o el munshydo externo citoplasmaacutetico auacuten de una enzima intrashycelular (Fig 1) Lo que e11 realidad es importante es que todos los iJ1dividuos deben mantener una conshycenlracioacuten desfabJiexcl~ de solutos Y soluciones en sus fluidos corporales ya sea de forma intracelular o exshytracelular sobre todo por medio de los tejidos epishyteliales que son los que fOlman la principal barreshyra en contra del exterior (Moyes y Schulte 2007) (Fig2)

Figura 1 Equilibrio ioacutenico en la ceacutelula

Figura 2 Proceso homeostaacutetico

Cada grupo sean animales o plantas utilizan difeshyrentes combinaciones de ceacutelulas estrurt1ras oacutergashynos o tejidos para mantener y controlar el equilishybrio ioacutenico e hiacutedrico de su cuerpo Estas estructushyr3s regulan tres procesos homeo~taacuteticos para ltlScgushyrar una composicioacuten riexcluiacutemiceacutel adecuada en el inteshyrior del cuerpo y asiacute poder realizar diferentes funshyciones o que eacutestas no se vean alteradas (Fig 3) Esshytos tres procesos son

Regulacioacuten osmoacutetica que controla la preSlOn de lus tejidos o de la ceacutelula seguacuten sea el caso y detershymina la fuerza impulsora del movimiento del agua a traveacutes de las membranas bioloacutegicas

bull Regulacioacuten ioacutenica que controla la composicioacuten de estos en los liacutequidos corporales

bull Eliminacioacuten de compuestos nitrogenados como prolt1ucto final del catabolismo de los organismos en conjuncioacuten con el sistema excretor

-~IIIS1Jl bullbullbull11

Figura 3 ElilIlinacioacuten de cOlllpuesto~

Cada tipo de haacutebitat que los organismos ocupan imshypone una cierta combinacioacuten de retos a nivel ioacutenishyco e hiacutedrico para mantener la horneostasis (Fig 4 pago 7) Cuando los individuos habitan un ambienshyte marino deberaacuten de mantener un equilibrio ioacutenishyco estable al verse influenciados o expuestos a nishy

(j ContactoS 73 5-15 (2009)

enutes OlgitlliSlIlS called hyblids that might be Iesshygtolld ill bettcr ways to illternal and external conshy(1 iliollS nI the cllvirolllllent This process produces illl OIgalJ iSIII with i ts own successfu I characteristics Vith tIIC possibility to be inherited to next geneshyra tiolJ In crustDceon Jlrtemia5 case we observed tllat cadl stnlill ltlIISWCr in different ways for reproshyductive characteristics (cysts 01 nouplii production) amount and rate in specific salinity and it amount CDn change to 35 to 170 gL -1 Iange This knowledshyge call allow a better use and management of Arshyterruacutea since laboratory conditions to natural saline systems

Introduccioacuten Mantenimiento de un equtlibrio ioacutenico e hiacutednco El funcionamiento llormal de un organismo depenshyde de la corrNtn regnlilcioacuten entre las relaciones fiacutesishyUL~ Y qlIacutemicis del entorno en donde se encnentril asiacute como ele los diferentes procesos bioquiacutemicos que debe de llevar al cabo para su mantenimiento Los nishyveles de las relaciones son muy amplios ya sea que hablemos del lI1undo externo que lo rodea o el munshydo externo citoplasmaacutetico auacuten de una enzima intrashycelular (Fig 1) Lo que e11 realidad es importante es que todos los iJ1dividuos deben mantener una conshycenlracioacuten desfabJiexcl~ de solutos Y soluciones en sus fluidos corporales ya sea de forma intracelular o exshytracelular sobre todo por medio de los tejidos epishyteliales que son los que fOlman la principal barreshyra en contra del exterior (Moyes y Schulte 2007) (Fig2)

Figura 1 Equilibrio ioacutenico en la ceacutelula

Figura 2 Proceso homeostaacutetico

Cada grupo sean animales o plantas utilizan difeshyrentes combinaciones de ceacutelulas estrurt1ras oacutergashynos o tejidos para mantener y controlar el equilishybrio ioacutenico e hiacutedrico de su cuerpo Estas estructushyr3s regulan tres procesos homeo~taacuteticos para ltlScgushyrar una composicioacuten riexcluiacutemiceacutel adecuada en el inteshyrior del cuerpo y asiacute poder realizar diferentes funshyciones o que eacutestas no se vean alteradas (Fig 3) Esshytos tres procesos son

Regulacioacuten osmoacutetica que controla la preSlOn de lus tejidos o de la ceacutelula seguacuten sea el caso y detershymina la fuerza impulsora del movimiento del agua a traveacutes de las membranas bioloacutegicas

bull Regulacioacuten ioacutenica que controla la composicioacuten de estos en los liacutequidos corporales

bull Eliminacioacuten de compuestos nitrogenados como prolt1ucto final del catabolismo de los organismos en conjuncioacuten con el sistema excretor

-~IIIS1Jl bullbullbull11

Figura 3 ElilIlinacioacuten de cOlllpuesto~

Cada tipo de haacutebitat que los organismos ocupan imshypone una cierta combinacioacuten de retos a nivel ioacutenishyco e hiacutedrico para mantener la horneostasis (Fig 4 pago 7) Cuando los individuos habitan un ambienshyte marino deberaacuten de mantener un equilibrio ioacutenishyco estable al verse influenciados o expuestos a nishy

I

AqUeacuteJcultuTe NutritlOn 2009 15 123-128 doi 101111 J1365- 20952008 00574 x

Monthly assessments of proteins fatty acids and amino acids in Arten1ia franciscana cultivated in Las Salinas de Hidalgo state of San Luis PotosIacute Mexico

T CASTRO H SANDOVAL2 A CASTRO I J CASTRO G CASTRO I R DE LARA amp

LH HERNANDEZ 1

Luiexclororio iexclc 1lil1clIllI Vivo DelwwnUlIlo El I1l1lJ1hre v Sil Amhicllle

Lohllruluri de rdlIf(lmiddot Biiexcliiexclicos DejrlUIJ1Cnlll de SisrCJJ1IIs BiohigiclIs Universidud AlliIacuteJJuJa Melr0loilullu-)ociexclilll ico

Col Vilu Qllielud 1exiclI Dr Miquestico

Abstract

Thi s sludy presen ls lhe biochemical conlcnls 01 Arel1i(

bipmass produccd in iexcliexcl pond in LIS Salinas de Hidalgo

SI1Ie oi Siexcln Luis IUlosiacute Mcxico The eullure W1S rea lized

over a period (JI 1 year in an 80 x 50 x 065 m (200 m)

pondo The fced clt)n SiSlCd 01 a mixllHc 01 rour micro algae

Slnplcs 01 I kg elf j Jllmiu hiomass (wel basis) were lakcn

mOl1thly and IOlal prolcin 10111 lipid 1mino aeids ano

rally acids werc Isscssed The eonlenlS 01 lolal prolein ano

lipids showed a simi lar lendency rrom July to December

(maintained vtlues 01 lbolll ]00 mg g-I rol prolein tnd

90 mg g- iexcl rol lipids) Wilh Ihe cxception 01 methionine

and argininc other sevc n indispensable ami no acids wele

oelected in Ihe Jl10nlhl y samplcs having similar valu-s

during Ihe pcriod rrO)) Jul y to Deeemhcr Thc 1110S1

C(lmmon riexcllIy Icid delermincd Vere Ihe CI6 CIR C 181

ane CIRllloacute 110lil C204n6 Ind C205)3 were observed

occdiona lly hUI in high qUlnlities Thc use 01 Ihe

rour milro ligac iexclS food for the 1r1emia cullured cXlcllshy

sivcl y improvcd the hiochcmiciexclJ composition nnd

ll1ow usillt this crustaccan as Iced ror several spccies 01

iexclquatic orglllism used ror ornamental nI human conshy

sumplieln

KI Y WOIWS amino acids conlenl rlell1i( jimiddotoJcilco)o culshy

lure ratly aeius clmlenl Mexico 1I1-ponus

RCIed 5 Seriexclcm oer ~()1)7 lCcepled 28 iexclnuary 2UacuteOS

Corr(pfllUcmiddot1(C 1lIis lcC1 (11 -(rmiacutentc Lahoralo(ll de Alil1lc1fto

Vi I Ikgtol1l1I11CIIO iexcliexcl lIomhrl y Sil Awhit11I1 Un il(rridu(

AUJIIOll1f1 flrollilunu-Xodllmilco Caato del Jlulml lOO Col

Vi QlhlIu HiacuteIcO nF vCUacuteCfI CP (41)(SO 1-I11(il IlIis3~

H1I1I(ICO J

ltf 2008 Tlle Authors

iexclournal compilation laquo12008 Blackwell Publishing Ud

Introduction

The orine shrimp Anemia is the mosl widely used aquashy

eullure live rood ror rearing larval stages orscveral speeies 01

lishes and erustaceans 01 co mmcrcia l importanee (Na varro

(10 1992) There are several nlllritiol1al studies on lhshy

IHltriliona1 eontenls 01 Arlemia bUI Ihey have foells-d

mainly on lipids and rally aeids (Watanabc el ll 1978 1983

Leacutegcr (1 u 1986 Lavens el 01 1989 Navarro el ul 1992

Malpiea er 01 2004 Monroig er al 2006 Pall1llag el (l 2006

Chakraborty 1111 2007 Moraili-I oiannidou el 1 20(7)

beeause 01 the il1lportance 01 Ihose eompounds (mainly Ihe

polYllnsalurated fally acids) on Ihe larval growth lnd surshy

vivtl (Hellane el ul 2(00) Seant inrormation is available on

theacute prolein and amino acid eonlnlS 01 Ihis crustacean

(Hclland el 01 2000 Malpiea 2002 Aragio (1 (l 20(4) deshy

spi le this Ihey are vcry important becaLlse growth is esscnshy

ti a lly l1l1lscle protcin depositi on (Cart er amp Houlihan 200 1)

ami Ihe qllanlily ami (]lIality 01 the amino ncio pool 01 Ihe

food are vital rol Ihe early lish larvac (Aragiexclo el ul 2004) In

addilion Iherc is no inronnalipn 1vailahle on Ihe nUlrilioual

(omposilion 01 Arl(IJJiu billl1lil5S eXlcnsivel y culturcu in

ponds anu reccnLly the shrimp produclion and Ihe ornashy

menlal lish markel have heen inercasing slcadily in Mcxico

and thus causing an inercasc in the demand ror 1el1li(

laquo(15110 (1 al 20(3) This dcmand has raised Ihe interesl 01

several owners 01 salt-ponds Vherc Ihi s cruSlaeean is n1ushy

rally dislrihulcd (Castro el ll 1987) in developing commershy

cial cultures 01 this cru slacell to sllpply lhe l(lUlculture

industry wilh good quantity and (]llality biomass 01 Anemia

For Ihis r-ason the mlin ohjectivc 01 lhis work WIS to

analyze lhe nlltlitional qllalit y (particularly protein lipids

conlents and proliks 01 indispensable amino acids iexcliexclnd SOi11e

middot--------

BIOCYT X(X) xx-xx XXXX

~FI~bullbull~~iquestJUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO bull feslztocolo unom _ FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES IZTACALA

copy 2009 BIOCYT

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EFECTO DE DOS DIETAS PROTEICAS EN E ~CIMIENTO y SOBREVIVENCIA DE PREJUVENILES DE A TRACTOSTEUStROPICUS GILL

1863 (PEJELAGARTO) -1 ~~~ -~~~ t iquest- ~

Jorge Castro-Mejiacutea1 Yolanda Espindola-Ronquiacutello t Germaacuten CastrQ-Mejiacuteaacute~y J~an Caro$Cremiuxshy

Grimaldiexcl2 -o ~ ~r ~ lt 1 1 bull

~~( bull Jl lo bull

1 Universidad Autoacutenoma Metrop~litana-Xochimilco Deg~() middott~ffompe YsUfm~iente Labora~orio de produccioacuten de Alimento VIVO Calzada del Huesf)middotNo1100 Coacutelonla)llJaQuretud MeacutexICO

04960 DF Del CoyoacaacutenbullTer~54837151 - PeacuteiX 548J7lf69 2 Unidad de Manejo p3ra la conservacioacuten y AI~oVordfchamieacutento de favida silvestre Cocodrilos de

Palizada Comunidad de Santa ~~bel Paliada)1) el Esta-d9 de Ciexclmpeche ~ -t ~ middotjJl ~uZ ~~t

I~

RESUMEN ~o ~

Se evalu el ~fecto de d~s 2~~aproteic~ ~~biexcliexcl~i~1 creci~iento (peso y talla) y sob~evivencia en 300 pre-Juvenlle~ del pe)~la~J rto ~fractost~J1s tropfJus alimentados durante 90 dlas La dieta control fue un~ dieta co~Tclahj~iexcl tr~pQ~E1g~so talla ~obrevlv~ncl~ TCA T~R TIC KM GP Y GT se detenmlnaronaacute1Jlhal del e)(~timento PQ(a determinar la eficacia de las dietas con respecto a la dieta control Lampoorgani)moacutei~om~tiexcldos a la dieta elaborada a base de harina de res registraron el mayo~pesamp(73~5 t 03Miexcliexclty talla (13419t 0703 cm) asiacute como mejor TCA (0 064 peso 0063 talla) TCR (146peso 059talla) TIC (0017 peso y 0006 talla) Aunque la dieta ~ontrol y la di~liacuteI a baseacutetI~ f~~~a d~~~~rdo registraron un mejor ~ ~ ~ 365 respectivamente) esta no p~rmltlOacuteque los ~~es IlJ~lltJvleran su forma alargada caracterlstlca La dieta a base de ha~ina sectsectfeacuteSmiddot~ipbttiacutey9 los vat9res ~aacutes altos de GP (390 29) Y GT (7276) Los ~alores maacutes baJOS tanto en las tifSas de pteclmlento como de ganancia en peso y talla se obtuvieron con la di~~ ~ 9aacute~d~~~arinadeiquesteacutefdo Cabe sentildealar la importancia que tiene esta informacioacuten en las comunldaacutedesmiddot 4urales Jas cuales pretenden realizar proyectos de acuicultura con especies end~ica t PQr coriexcl~iguiente encontrar insumos alternativos para elaborar dietas que les permiacutefurntildeo solo mantener a los organismos sino obtener buenos rend imientos en peso y talla y elevar laacute~Qbrevivencia de los peces en cultivo

Palabras cla1e Atractosteus tropicus pejelagarto acuicultura peso talla

Correspondencia al autor Universidad Autoacutenoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco Depto El Hombre y su Ambiente Laboratorio de produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso NOll00 Colonia Villa Quietud Meacutexico 04960 D F Del Coyoacaacuten Tel 54837151 Fax 5483 7469 Correo electroacutenico camj7509correoxocuammx

Manuscrito recibido el 23 de Septiembre de 2009 aceptado el 28 de Octubre de 2009

middot--------

BIOCYT X(X) xx-xx XXXX

~FI~bullbull~~iquestJUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO bull feslztocolo unom _ FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES IZTACALA

copy 2009 BIOCYT

httpwwwiztacalaunammxlbiocvt

EFECTO DE DOS DIETAS PROTEICAS EN E ~CIMIENTO y SOBREVIVENCIA DE PREJUVENILES DE A TRACTOSTEUStROPICUS GILL

1863 (PEJELAGARTO) -1 ~~~ -~~~ t iquest- ~

Jorge Castro-Mejiacutea1 Yolanda Espindola-Ronquiacutello t Germaacuten CastrQ-Mejiacuteaacute~y J~an Caro$Cremiuxshy

Grimaldiexcl2 -o ~ ~r ~ lt 1 1 bull

~~( bull Jl lo bull

1 Universidad Autoacutenoma Metrop~litana-Xochimilco Deg~() middott~ffompe YsUfm~iente Labora~orio de produccioacuten de Alimento VIVO Calzada del Huesf)middotNo1100 Coacutelonla)llJaQuretud MeacutexICO

04960 DF Del CoyoacaacutenbullTer~54837151 - PeacuteiX 548J7lf69 2 Unidad de Manejo p3ra la conservacioacuten y AI~oVordfchamieacutento de favida silvestre Cocodrilos de

Palizada Comunidad de Santa ~~bel Paliada)1) el Esta-d9 de Ciexclmpeche ~ -t ~ middotjJl ~uZ ~~t

I~

RESUMEN ~o ~

Se evalu el ~fecto de d~s 2~~aproteic~ ~~biexcliexcl~i~1 creci~iento (peso y talla) y sob~evivencia en 300 pre-Juvenlle~ del pe)~la~J rto ~fractost~J1s tropfJus alimentados durante 90 dlas La dieta control fue un~ dieta co~Tclahj~iexcl tr~pQ~E1g~so talla ~obrevlv~ncl~ TCA T~R TIC KM GP Y GT se detenmlnaronaacute1Jlhal del e)(~timento PQ(a determinar la eficacia de las dietas con respecto a la dieta control Lampoorgani)moacutei~om~tiexcldos a la dieta elaborada a base de harina de res registraron el mayo~pesamp(73~5 t 03Miexcliexclty talla (13419t 0703 cm) asiacute como mejor TCA (0 064 peso 0063 talla) TCR (146peso 059talla) TIC (0017 peso y 0006 talla) Aunque la dieta ~ontrol y la di~liacuteI a baseacutetI~ f~~~a d~~~~rdo registraron un mejor ~ ~ ~ 365 respectivamente) esta no p~rmltlOacuteque los ~~es IlJ~lltJvleran su forma alargada caracterlstlca La dieta a base de ha~ina sectsectfeacuteSmiddot~ipbttiacutey9 los vat9res ~aacutes altos de GP (390 29) Y GT (7276) Los ~alores maacutes baJOS tanto en las tifSas de pteclmlento como de ganancia en peso y talla se obtuvieron con la di~~ ~ 9aacute~d~~~arinadeiquesteacutefdo Cabe sentildealar la importancia que tiene esta informacioacuten en las comunldaacutedesmiddot 4urales Jas cuales pretenden realizar proyectos de acuicultura con especies end~ica t PQr coriexcl~iguiente encontrar insumos alternativos para elaborar dietas que les permiacutefurntildeo solo mantener a los organismos sino obtener buenos rend imientos en peso y talla y elevar laacute~Qbrevivencia de los peces en cultivo

Palabras cla1e Atractosteus tropicus pejelagarto acuicultura peso talla

Correspondencia al autor Universidad Autoacutenoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco Depto El Hombre y su Ambiente Laboratorio de produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso NOll00 Colonia Villa Quietud Meacutexico 04960 D F Del Coyoacaacuten Tel 54837151 Fax 5483 7469 Correo electroacutenico camj7509correoxocuammx

Manuscrito recibido el 23 de Septiembre de 2009 aceptado el 28 de Octubre de 2009

-------------------------------------

BIOCYT 3( 10) 145-1582010

t r ~sl~=~~f) ~- ~o bull --- -r

UNIVERSlDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE VlEXICO bull feslztocOIOe l

nom - shyFACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES IZTACALA

ti 2010 BIOCYT

ht rpw itaca launa 111 mlhioc t

POTENCIAL REPRODUCTIVO DE SEIS POBLACIONES MEXICANAS DE Artemiafranciscana Kellog 1906 CULTIVADAS EN

LABORATORIO A 100 Y 120 UPS

ICastro Mejiacutea Jorge ITaliacuten Castro Barrera Joseacute Luis Arredondo Figueroa JLuis Heacutector Hernaacutendez Hernaacutendez IGerman Castro Mejiacutea I Ramoacuten de Lara Andrade y tMariacutea del

Carmen Monroy Dosta

I Laboratorio limento Vivo Dell31l 3mento El Hombre y su Ambiente Universidad Autoacutenoma Metrorolitanu-Xochimi leo Calzada del ~Iueso No J 100 Colonia Villa Quietud Meacutexico 04960 Distrito

Federal

llanta Experimenlal de Produccioacuten Actiacutecola Universidad Autoacutenoma Metropolitana-Iztapulapavenida Sal1 Rarilel Alliacutexco No 186 Colonia Vicentina Meacutexico 09340 Izuralara Distrito Federal

I aboratorio de Produccioacuten Acuiacutecola (Acuario) UNAM FES Iztacala Av de los Barrios l Los Reyes Iztacnla Tlalnepantla Estado de Meacutex ico 54090 Mico

RESUMEN

En eacuteSle estudio se comparoacute el potencial productivo de seis poblaciones mexicanas de A franciscona provenientes de aguas costeras del Paciacutefico y de la peniacutensula de Yucataacuten asiacute como de aguas interiores de Meacutexico Cada poblacioacuten fue cultivada en cilindros de 200 len salinidades de 100 Y 120 UPS La temperatura se mantuvo en 25 plusmn 2 oC con luz y aireacioacuten continua y un pH de 8-10 Los organismos fueron alimentados ad Iibiwn con 50 mi de salvado de arroz y microalga Tetrasemis sp Cuando las poblaciones alcanzaron la madurez sexual fueron separadas en 25 frascos de 250 mi con una proporcioacuten de dos machos por hembra para determinar sus caracteriacutestic8s reproductivas La cantidad de biomasa y quistes se obtuvo al final de dos meses de cultivo Los valores reproductivos s~ incrementa en 120 UPS No se observaron diferencias significativas (Tukey pltO05) en nuacutemero de puestas nauplios producidos y duracioacuten del ciclo de vida no asiacute con los quistes producidos Las poblaciones que mayor biomasa produjeron fueron RSAL y JUCH y en cuanto a quistes JUCH y OHUI Esta informacioacuten puede sentar las bases bioloacutegicas para su explotacioacuten en cultivos de tipo semi intensivo en su haacutebitat natural

Palabras clave Artemiuji-ol1ciscllJ7o Meacutexico potencial reprocluctivo biomasa quistes

Correspondencia al autor 1 Jnlvcrsiund lI luacute n Melrogtolil~na-Xochilnilclt) 1)lt plO El Hombre y $lI Arnbienle Laboralorioue produclion de AlimcnlO Vio Cllnd del 11~so e t lOO eolon i ViII QUl elud Maacuteicl 04(160 D F Del Coyoacoacuten Te 54837151 Fagt 548 7469 Correo clectronico ~lJllJL~~uacute~JsJl~~~C__JlilU1J

Manuscrito recibido el9 (k noviembre de 2009 aceptado el 12 de febrero de 2010

Effects of salinity on growth and survival in five (Anostraca Artemiidae) populations from Mexico

Taliacutea Castro-Barrera l Luis Heacutector Joseacute Luis Germaacuten Caslro-Mejiacutea l amp Ramoacuten de Lara-Andrade l

1 Laboratorio Alimento Vivo Departamento El Hombre y su Ambienle Universidad Autoacutenoma MetropolitanashyXoehimiJco Calzada del Hueso NOII OO Colonia Villa Quietud Distrito Federal 04960 Meacutex ieo Tel 5255-5483 7151 camj7509correoxocuammx cabt7515correoxoc_uammx gecastromejiacorrceoxQCuammx rlaracorreoxocuammx

2 Laboratorio de Produccioacuten AcuiacutecoJa (Acuario) UNAM FES Iztacala Av de Barrios l Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla Estado de Meacutexico 54090 Meacutexico Tel 5255-56231197 luish3yahoocom

3 Planta Experimental de Producci6n Acuiacutecola Universidad Autoacutenoma Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186 Colonia Vicenlina Distrito Federal 09340 Meacutexico TeI5255-58046585 afjlxanumuammx

Received 23-XI-2009 Corrected 02- VIll-20 10 Accepted 01-IX-2010

Abstrael Salinily is an importanl factor influencing growlh and survival of aqualic organisms such as Arlemiacutea a valuable aquacullure species This study evaluated the effecl~ of salinily on A franciscana populations from diacutefferent water bodies in Mexiacutecos Pacific CoasL With this purpose five autochlhonotls bisexual Anemia popushylalions were tested to assess theiacuter survival and growlh values against salinities of 406080 100 and 120gI under laboratory condiliacuteorls (25plusmn2C pH 8-10 constant light and aeralion) The organisms were fed with 100mL of rice bran and 2L of Tetrasemis suecica (500 OOOcelml) The culture experimems were made in 200L plastic tanks and survival and growth final values were obtained aner 21 culture days Survival and growlh curves were determined by a regression analysiacutes (R2) The significant differences between salinities were determined by ANOVA test The beSl survival and growlh fales were found at salinities of 100-120gl When the t1exiacuteclln Artemia populations were cultivated at 4Og1 of salinily 100 mortality was observed in the juvenile slage This sludy delerrnined thal survival and growlh values of Afranciscana populaiexclions increased Wilh saliacutenmiddot iexclty Thc five A fral1ciscana pOpul~lions presenled significant differences in Iheir survival rate under various salinily regil11es The sludied populations experienced high lllortality nI salinilies under 60gfl and over 200g1 and cspecially during lile mClanauplius stagc Tlle presel1t ~iexcludy confirrns tlmt growlh mies in Mexican Afranmiddot ciacuteSCIIlI1I populalions rmm ltlufie Coasl Jahilals are not inversely proportioflallo salinilY These Afranciscana populmions should he ndlurcd il IOOmiddot12()gll nI silJinily lO oblain bctter survival and growlll rules This dnta usefulln improve cullure yICltl in ([C1lllIre biol11ass prodllcliol1 ylerns Rev Binl Trop 59 (1) 199-206 Epub 2011 March 01

The genus Anelllia consisls of bisexual ami e iexcles that are similar A grour llameu Nrw Wmld Imn l A Iilliw (Cai I IS ofA ( 1(06) counrics) A liJcliw1(

Central and SOlull AIlHrila) A 1)(1ishy 11 al 19lJX) Cfibes high 1gtlaleatl) Artemia sr milis amp Prosumiacutemi IX) (Argclllishy (Pilla amp Bcardl110re I (Kazakhstun) and na)andAmonica I IXfllt)(USA) al10lilcr parll1cllogcllctic ronns localcd only in the Old

Rev Biol Trap (Inl J Trap UioIISSN0034middot1144) Vol S9 (l 199middot206 March 2011 199

Effects of salinity on growth and survival in five (Anostraca Artemiidae) populations from Mexico

Taliacutea Castro-Barrera l Luis Heacutector Joseacute Luis Germaacuten Caslro-Mejiacutea l amp Ramoacuten de Lara-Andrade l

1 Laboratorio Alimento Vivo Departamento El Hombre y su Ambienle Universidad Autoacutenoma MetropolitanashyXoehimiJco Calzada del Hueso NOII OO Colonia Villa Quietud Distrito Federal 04960 Meacutex ieo Tel 5255-5483 7151 camj7509correoxocuammx cabt7515correoxoc_uammx gecastromejiacorrceoxQCuammx rlaracorreoxocuammx

2 Laboratorio de Produccioacuten AcuiacutecoJa (Acuario) UNAM FES Iztacala Av de Barrios l Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla Estado de Meacutexico 54090 Meacutexico Tel 5255-56231197 luish3yahoocom

3 Planta Experimental de Producci6n Acuiacutecola Universidad Autoacutenoma Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186 Colonia Vicenlina Distrito Federal 09340 Meacutexico TeI5255-58046585 afjlxanumuammx

Received 23-XI-2009 Corrected 02- VIll-20 10 Accepted 01-IX-2010

Abstrael Salinily is an importanl factor influencing growlh and survival of aqualic organisms such as Arlemiacutea a valuable aquacullure species This study evaluated the effecl~ of salinily on A franciscana populations from diacutefferent water bodies in Mexiacutecos Pacific CoasL With this purpose five autochlhonotls bisexual Anemia popushylalions were tested to assess theiacuter survival and growlh values against salinities of 406080 100 and 120gI under laboratory condiliacuteorls (25plusmn2C pH 8-10 constant light and aeralion) The organisms were fed with 100mL of rice bran and 2L of Tetrasemis suecica (500 OOOcelml) The culture experimems were made in 200L plastic tanks and survival and growth final values were obtained aner 21 culture days Survival and growlh curves were determined by a regression analysiacutes (R2) The significant differences between salinities were determined by ANOVA test The beSl survival and growlh fales were found at salinities of 100-120gl When the t1exiacuteclln Artemia populations were cultivated at 4Og1 of salinily 100 mortality was observed in the juvenile slage This sludy delerrnined thal survival and growlh values of Afranciscana populaiexclions increased Wilh saliacutenmiddot iexclty Thc five A fral1ciscana pOpul~lions presenled significant differences in Iheir survival rate under various salinily regil11es The sludied populations experienced high lllortality nI salinilies under 60gfl and over 200g1 and cspecially during lile mClanauplius stagc Tlle presel1t ~iexcludy confirrns tlmt growlh mies in Mexican Afranmiddot ciacuteSCIIlI1I populalions rmm ltlufie Coasl Jahilals are not inversely proportioflallo salinilY These Afranciscana populmions should he ndlurcd il IOOmiddot12()gll nI silJinily lO oblain bctter survival and growlll rules This dnta usefulln improve cullure yICltl in ([C1lllIre biol11ass prodllcliol1 ylerns Rev Binl Trop 59 (1) 199-206 Epub 2011 March 01

The genus Anelllia consisls of bisexual ami e iexcles that are similar A grour llameu Nrw Wmld Imn l A Iilliw (Cai I IS ofA ( 1(06) counrics) A liJcliw1(

Central and SOlull AIlHrila) A 1)(1ishy 11 al 19lJX) Cfibes high 1gtlaleatl) Artemia sr milis amp Prosumiacutemi IX) (Argclllishy (Pilla amp Bcardl110re I (Kazakhstun) and na)andAmonica I IXfllt)(USA) al10lilcr parll1cllogcllctic ronns localcd only in the Old

Rev Biol Trap (Inl J Trap UioIISSN0034middot1144) Vol S9 (l 199middot206 March 2011 199

tfecto de cuatro probioacuteticos en el crecimiento y la sobrevivencia de Carassius auratus

IllUlIa Castro-Barrera Mariacutea del Carmen Monroy-Dosta Jorge Castro-Mejiacutea Ramoacuten de Lara-Andrade y Germaacuten Castro-Mejiacutea

1lllle eSludio se evduoacute el efecto de tres cepas de BaeillLls sp (81 B2 Y 83) bactcri8s aisladas del tracto

digestiv() (Iel pe ngel P(mph)lul1l seaare y el probioacutetico co~ercial LaCohacillus casci Shirota en el

crecimiento y 1 sohrcvivencia ele CCISSiLlS aLlralus L8 elleta b8sal con h8rina ele pescado como fuente

de rroteiacutenas y enriqueciela con diferentes cepas probioacuteticas a una concentracioacuten el e 107 UFCml L os ormiddot

gnismos fueron pesados y medielos al inicio y al final del experlmento que tuvo 120 diacute8S de duracioacuten Sc

efectuoacute un anaacutelisis de viexclrianza (ANDEVA) ele una sola viacutea (plt005) con los datos para establecer diferenshy

ci as significaliv8s entre los tratamientos posteriormente se aplicoacute 18 teacutecnica ele compariCioacuten de medias

muacuteltiples por el meacutetodo ele Tukey (plt005) Los resultados muestran que la dieta G2 fue la que generoacute

mayor ganancia en peso (2520 g) En cuanto a la longitud to tal la dieta Bl fue la que presentoacute mejores

resultados (48S 5~0649 cm) con una ganancia de 2160 cm Los datos de sohrcvivencii1 inelic8n que 1

dieu con mejores resultados fue la enriquecida con Bl (7166) Los resu ltados l1luestran qle las ce pas

prohioacuteticas aisladas de los peces independienlemente ele que provengan ele olras especies confieren mashy

yores beneficios en su biometriacutea que probioacuteticos comerciales aislados elel ser humano u otros mamiacuteferos

Pa labras clave llacillus Carassius auralus probioacutetico LaclObaeilllls case

Effect of four probiotics on growth and survival of Carassius auratus

This study evaluated the effect of tlHl~e strains of Bacillus sp ( BI 82 and 8)) bacteria isolated from the

digestive tract of ilngcl fish Plerophyllwl1 sudarc an d commercial probiotic Laclooucilllls cnsci Shirota on

growth performance ~nd survival of C auralus A basal diet was used w ith fishllle ill as source of protein

an d enriched with different prob ioti c strains at a concenlration o[ 107 (FUmI The organisms were weight

anO measureel at the initial ilnd fini sh of 120 dily experiment Delta was ana lyze d witll a one-way analysis of

var iance (iNOVA) to determine the significallt differences among the treatmellts after that lhe Tukey tesl

of l1lultipl e means comparison (p laquo)OS) The results show Ihat diet 82 hall Ihe highcst weight gain (2520 g)

Regarding lhe total ength diet ni wa s the one with the best valucs (48SS~064 9 CI11) wit h a gain 01 2160 cm The best survival rale (7J Ni) was Gl diet Results show that probiolic isolated from fisll nl)

matter Ihe spec ies give better biometric benefits th an commercial probiotics isolateel from human heings 01 olher mammals

Kcy words Bacilus Carassiu aumlus probiotics LaClooacillus casei

Introduccioacuten en el mundo su calidad comercial estaacute determishynada por su forma su tamantildeo y su color Esta esshy

Li1 acuicultura ha tenido en los uacuteltimos antildeos adeshy pecie se cultiva en sistemas intensivos y sel11iinshylantos significativos en la produccioacuten de una vashy tensivos donde los requerimientos nutrimentales riedad de organismos acuaacuteticos tanto para conshy se satisfacen mediante dietas artificiales Sin emshysumo humano como de especies de ornato (fAO bargo debido a las condiciones de cultivo como 2002 Marantildeon et al 2008) Vaacutezquez el al (2005) altas densidades de siembra y variaciones en la mencionan que la carpa dorada Carassius aiquestiexclratus calidad del agua los organismos estaacuten sujetos a (Linneus 1758) es la especie que maacutes se cultiva un estreacutes constante que se traduce en bajas tasas

de crecimiento y eficiencia alimenticia asiacute como a la presencia de enfermedades ocasionadas por

Univcr~iclacl Al1lOacuteI1UIll~ MClrupolilanamiddotXoclJimilco DqJlU patoacutegenos oportunistas (Auroacute y Ocampo 1 (99) El Hombre y ~1 AmbieJlle Calzd del Hueso No 1100 Co Para sob rellevar estos problemas se ha estudiashyViII Quielud M0xico 04l)(() Dr ()75 15Ci~ COIC()WC IIII do el liSO de suplementos alimenticios que evishynu tJ( )troytoS(f (j roJl((l con1 (middot(l1j75()lt)(j~C()(()()c 1111

IIIX iexclm ~iexcl((JlnI)X()cIIII I1U ge(il sm(jCI)II(( )XOL lI IlIJ I IIlr ten la aparicioacuten de enfermedades y operen C0l110

Vol 19 nuacutem 1 mayo de 2011 ~~ Ciencia Peslt]uera 21

bull iexclolIO

- - ~= ---- _ _~ bullbulle

j InstitutO~) ( ~ Nacional

~ ~ de Pesca -OmiddotIo ~ 11

11

~=i 0= 1

Rev istel llcctroacutel1ltl del Ikpall lHI1lfllO

El Hombre y su AmlllIl ISNNmiddot el1 Irmile e-aio Vol I (1) 20-21gt

Comparison of weight increase in Cambarellus montezumae (Saussure 1857) fed with a diet enriched with probiotic

Castro-Mcjiacutea 1 Castro-Mejiacutea G Alcaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Pacheco-Goacutemez V and Rodriacuteguez- Estrada E

lJniversidad AacuteUlOacuteI1011llt Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Laboratorio de Produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso I ) 00 Col Villa Quietud C P 04960 Tel (55) 5483-7) 5 )

camj7509correoxocuammx

SUMMARY An experiment was undertaken with 70 crayfish

(Cambarellus moctezumae) obtained at middot Xochimilco Channels (CIBAC) using an artificial diet enriched with a probiotic (Lactobacillus) and as controacutel the same diet but without probiotic The experiment was performed for 24 weeks in two acrylic tuacutebs (350rgtub) of 1m2 x 0040 cm depth with 200L of water The temperature was k~p at 25degplusmn2degC Each wee~ theltgtrganismswere wcighteo anc measured and al thecompletion of theexperiment middotthe relative growth Rate (TCR) and themiddot condition Factor (KM) would be determined The average weight of the crayfish at the beginning of the experiment was 0560 plusmn0160 g At week 24 of the experiment the organisms fed with the enriched diet reached a weight of 3167 plusmn0156 g and with th cltfntrol diet 1292 10112 g The TCR values of the die with probiotic indicate hat majar growth occurs within the first 8 weeks w~ile in the case ofthe control diet it can be observed at the completion of the experiment This can be corroborated gtIith the KM The enriched diet allowed organisms to have a better wellbeing along the whole experiment on the contrary with the control diet the benefit is slightly observed on week 24 The main objective of this investigation is the addition of probiotics to the diet of these organisms in order to obtain a major gain ofweight in order to beacute able to solve the problems raised by the commercia] exploitation thereof

Key words Cambarellus montezumae rCR KM Probiotics

INTRODUCTION Within aquaculture activity the growth and

the fattening of organisms are phases that can be

considered as overcome in most cultures The ecological and economical importance of crustaceous has conducted for the last years to further deepen in the knowledge of their biology as a basic requirement for the efficient use thereof Crayfish are one of the few crustaceous that live in brooks continental lacustrine deposits They live both in temperate as well as in tropical climate therefore they are the most important big and longshylived members of macro benthonic sweet aquaculture communities and for this reason they have successfully invaded a great variety of habitats are resistant to humidity and temperature variations and present important adaptations that allow them to subsist even if body waters dry up (Rodriacuteguez 1991) This development has been based more in a practical knowledge such as shrimp and crayfish (Rodriacuteguez and Carmona 2002)

Cambaroides crayfish given its characteristics is considered as a great potential organism for culture and it has been affirmed that these are the only crustaceans that have been successfully cultivated in temperate regions (Iheu and Bernardo 1993) Crayfish are invertebrates that dominate macro-benthos of different latitudes in the world There are approximately 500 species divided into three families Astacidae Cambaridae and Parastacidae among which the genera such as Astacus Austropotamobius Cherax Euastacus Orconectes Pacifastacus and Procambarus have a commercial and recreational importance (Marshall and Orr 1960)

Crayfish has various nourishment uses as it is consumed in rural populations in different parts of

Weight inerease in craytish red with diets enriched with probioties Castro-Mejla J Caslro-Mejiacutea G Aleaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Paeheeo-G6mez V y Rodrlguez- Estrada E

Eeeived June 1 2011 Accepted September 12011 Published November 12011

20

-

bull iexclolIO

- - ~= ---- _ _~ bullbulle

j InstitutO~) ( ~ Nacional

~ ~ de Pesca -OmiddotIo ~ 11

11

~=i 0= 1

Rev istel llcctroacutel1ltl del Ikpall lHI1lfllO

El Hombre y su AmlllIl ISNNmiddot el1 Irmile e-aio Vol I (1) 20-21gt

Comparison of weight increase in Cambarellus montezumae (Saussure 1857) fed with a diet enriched with probiotic

Castro-Mcjiacutea 1 Castro-Mejiacutea G Alcaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Pacheco-Goacutemez V and Rodriacuteguez- Estrada E

lJniversidad AacuteUlOacuteI1011llt Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Laboratorio de Produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso I ) 00 Col Villa Quietud C P 04960 Tel (55) 5483-7) 5 )

camj7509correoxocuammx

SUMMARY An experiment was undertaken with 70 crayfish

(Cambarellus moctezumae) obtained at middot Xochimilco Channels (CIBAC) using an artificial diet enriched with a probiotic (Lactobacillus) and as controacutel the same diet but without probiotic The experiment was performed for 24 weeks in two acrylic tuacutebs (350rgtub) of 1m2 x 0040 cm depth with 200L of water The temperature was k~p at 25degplusmn2degC Each wee~ theltgtrganismswere wcighteo anc measured and al thecompletion of theexperiment middotthe relative growth Rate (TCR) and themiddot condition Factor (KM) would be determined The average weight of the crayfish at the beginning of the experiment was 0560 plusmn0160 g At week 24 of the experiment the organisms fed with the enriched diet reached a weight of 3167 plusmn0156 g and with th cltfntrol diet 1292 10112 g The TCR values of the die with probiotic indicate hat majar growth occurs within the first 8 weeks w~ile in the case ofthe control diet it can be observed at the completion of the experiment This can be corroborated gtIith the KM The enriched diet allowed organisms to have a better wellbeing along the whole experiment on the contrary with the control diet the benefit is slightly observed on week 24 The main objective of this investigation is the addition of probiotics to the diet of these organisms in order to obtain a major gain ofweight in order to beacute able to solve the problems raised by the commercia] exploitation thereof

Key words Cambarellus montezumae rCR KM Probiotics

INTRODUCTION Within aquaculture activity the growth and

the fattening of organisms are phases that can be

considered as overcome in most cultures The ecological and economical importance of crustaceous has conducted for the last years to further deepen in the knowledge of their biology as a basic requirement for the efficient use thereof Crayfish are one of the few crustaceous that live in brooks continental lacustrine deposits They live both in temperate as well as in tropical climate therefore they are the most important big and longshylived members of macro benthonic sweet aquaculture communities and for this reason they have successfully invaded a great variety of habitats are resistant to humidity and temperature variations and present important adaptations that allow them to subsist even if body waters dry up (Rodriacuteguez 1991) This development has been based more in a practical knowledge such as shrimp and crayfish (Rodriacuteguez and Carmona 2002)

Cambaroides crayfish given its characteristics is considered as a great potential organism for culture and it has been affirmed that these are the only crustaceans that have been successfully cultivated in temperate regions (Iheu and Bernardo 1993) Crayfish are invertebrates that dominate macro-benthos of different latitudes in the world There are approximately 500 species divided into three families Astacidae Cambaridae and Parastacidae among which the genera such as Astacus Austropotamobius Cherax Euastacus Orconectes Pacifastacus and Procambarus have a commercial and recreational importance (Marshall and Orr 1960)

Crayfish has various nourishment uses as it is consumed in rural populations in different parts of

Weight inerease in craytish red with diets enriched with probioties Castro-Mejla J Caslro-Mejiacutea G Aleaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Paeheeo-G6mez V y Rodrlguez- Estrada E

Eeeived June 1 2011 Accepted September 12011 Published November 12011

20

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Rev istel llcctroacutel1ltl del Ikpall lHI1lfllO

El Hombre y su AmlllIl ISNNmiddot el1 Irmile e-aio Vol I (1) 20-21gt

Comparison of weight increase in Cambarellus montezumae (Saussure 1857) fed with a diet enriched with probiotic

Castro-Mcjiacutea 1 Castro-Mejiacutea G Alcaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Pacheco-Goacutemez V and Rodriacuteguez- Estrada E

lJniversidad AacuteUlOacuteI1011llt Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Laboratorio de Produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso I ) 00 Col Villa Quietud C P 04960 Tel (55) 5483-7) 5 )

camj7509correoxocuammx

SUMMARY An experiment was undertaken with 70 crayfish

(Cambarellus moctezumae) obtained at middot Xochimilco Channels (CIBAC) using an artificial diet enriched with a probiotic (Lactobacillus) and as controacutel the same diet but without probiotic The experiment was performed for 24 weeks in two acrylic tuacutebs (350rgtub) of 1m2 x 0040 cm depth with 200L of water The temperature was k~p at 25degplusmn2degC Each wee~ theltgtrganismswere wcighteo anc measured and al thecompletion of theexperiment middotthe relative growth Rate (TCR) and themiddot condition Factor (KM) would be determined The average weight of the crayfish at the beginning of the experiment was 0560 plusmn0160 g At week 24 of the experiment the organisms fed with the enriched diet reached a weight of 3167 plusmn0156 g and with th cltfntrol diet 1292 10112 g The TCR values of the die with probiotic indicate hat majar growth occurs within the first 8 weeks w~ile in the case ofthe control diet it can be observed at the completion of the experiment This can be corroborated gtIith the KM The enriched diet allowed organisms to have a better wellbeing along the whole experiment on the contrary with the control diet the benefit is slightly observed on week 24 The main objective of this investigation is the addition of probiotics to the diet of these organisms in order to obtain a major gain ofweight in order to beacute able to solve the problems raised by the commercia] exploitation thereof

Key words Cambarellus montezumae rCR KM Probiotics

INTRODUCTION Within aquaculture activity the growth and

the fattening of organisms are phases that can be

considered as overcome in most cultures The ecological and economical importance of crustaceous has conducted for the last years to further deepen in the knowledge of their biology as a basic requirement for the efficient use thereof Crayfish are one of the few crustaceous that live in brooks continental lacustrine deposits They live both in temperate as well as in tropical climate therefore they are the most important big and longshylived members of macro benthonic sweet aquaculture communities and for this reason they have successfully invaded a great variety of habitats are resistant to humidity and temperature variations and present important adaptations that allow them to subsist even if body waters dry up (Rodriacuteguez 1991) This development has been based more in a practical knowledge such as shrimp and crayfish (Rodriacuteguez and Carmona 2002)

Cambaroides crayfish given its characteristics is considered as a great potential organism for culture and it has been affirmed that these are the only crustaceans that have been successfully cultivated in temperate regions (Iheu and Bernardo 1993) Crayfish are invertebrates that dominate macro-benthos of different latitudes in the world There are approximately 500 species divided into three families Astacidae Cambaridae and Parastacidae among which the genera such as Astacus Austropotamobius Cherax Euastacus Orconectes Pacifastacus and Procambarus have a commercial and recreational importance (Marshall and Orr 1960)

Crayfish has various nourishment uses as it is consumed in rural populations in different parts of

Weight inerease in craytish red with diets enriched with probioties Castro-Mejla J Caslro-Mejiacutea G Aleaacutentara-Muntildeiz NF Paeheeo-G6mez V y Rodrlguez- Estrada E

Eeeived June 1 2011 Accepted September 12011 Published November 12011

20

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Revisla electroacutenica dLl IkpnrlllltHnlo El Hombre y su mhiIlImiddot ISNN en lraacutemile e-Siol Vol 1 (1) 27 34

Fishes as water quality indicators recorded in Apatlaco and Amacuzac rivers Morelos Meacutexico

Vaacutezqucz-Silva G Castro-Mejiacutea G Castro-Barrera T Castro-Mejiacutea 1 y De Lara Andrade R

Universidad Autoacutenoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Laboratorio de Produccioacuten de Alimento Vivo Calzada del Hueso 1 100 Col Villa Quietud C P 04960 Te (55) 5483-7151

gavazcorreoxocuammx

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION Water resources in many places have been

affected by fastest growth of human population and their activities like agriculture industry and urbanization in particular urban downloaded many organic wastes to the rivers increasing pollution and exerting a negative influence on aquatic ecosystems (Thorne and Wi 11 iams 1997)

Aquatic ecosystems contain a large diversity of organisms and their interactions help maintain a balance that trans1ates into a unique biodiversity that is influenced by chemical and

physical factors of the environment (Laws 1981) Impacts such as pollution induce changes in community structure in the biological function of aquatic systems in the body affecting their life cycle growth and reproduction (Bartram and Ballance 1996 Raz-Guzmaacuten 2000) Thus aquatic organisms may have di fferent levels of tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors whose resistance to the passage of time allows them to be considered as indicators of pollution (Whiton 1975) These perturbations include temperature high or low pH conditions of hypoxia and anoxia pesticides heavy metal s hydrocarbons and organic matter among the most frequent Groups that are frequently used as bioindicators of contami nation are bacteria algae invertebrates and fish (Chapman 1996 De la Lanza el al 2000 Aguilar 2005)

The use of fish as indicators based on these substances may accumulate in their tissues denoting a low survival as well as low tolerance to live in much polluted waters (Lindroth 1949 Whiton 1975) When there is a high diversity and abundance of fish in rivers lakes and oceans show that the environment is healthy for both fish and for other life forms in water (Aguilar 2005) Unlike high mortality or a high percentage of diseased fish could be caused directly or indirectly by significant levels of contaminants

Some of the advantages of the use of fish as indicators are that the disturbing environmental factors and these effects are easy to identify as they are manifested as physical abnormalities in the body (Huidobro 2000)

Peces indicadores de la calidad de agua VazquezmiddotSilva G CaslromiddotMejia G CaslromiddotBarrera T CaSlromiddotMejia 1 y De Lara Andrade R

Recib ido 1 de Junio de 2011 Aceptado 1 de Sepliembre de 2011 Publicado 1 de Noviembre de 2011

27

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En el caso de lOs camarones se realizaron dos prueshy

bas La primera lue para observar el crecimiento microbiano lavando diez camarones con agua

des Ionizada y diez con agua purificada ambos grushy

pos se dejaron inmersos en sus respectivas aguas

por 30 minutos Despueacutes de este periodo los

camarones se colocaron uno por uno en las plashy

cas de agar y se incubaron en una es tufa Oven

Series 9000 a 27degC durante 24 horas En la segunda prueba se extrajeron los camarones

del agua y fueron puestos en papel filtro para quitar

el exceso de liacutequido cinco camarones lavados con

agua desionizada y cinco con agua purificada se coshy

locaron en bolsas de plaacutestico con sello hermeacutetico

para posteriormente ser puestos en refrigeracioacuten a

7degC durante 22 diacuteas Transcurridos los 22 diacuteas de experimentacioacuten en

donde se colocaron los alimentos en refrigeracioacuten

se observoacute que en el caso de la lechuga sin el efecto

del agua desionizada el tej ido vegetal mostraba rupshy

tura y abundante crecimiento de microorganismos

en contraste con el trozo de lechuga con el efecto

de la accioacuten del desionizador en donde no se mostroacute

accioacuten aparente de microorganismos

En cuanto al melocotoacuten se observoacute la presencia de microorganismos con una mayor aacuterea de color

marroacuten que indica deterioro en comparacioacuten con el

melocotoacuten sometido a la desionizaciOacuten

Asimismo en la carne sin tratamiento de desionizacioacuten

se ve el cambio de color por el efecto de los microshy

Le or rece procuclos de In maacutes olla coliexcldoiexcl] en el mercodoeOdeg

o

organismos en comparaCioacuten con el trozo de carne que fue en refrigeracioacuten y que no fueron tratados con agua desionizada

lavada con el agua desionizada observando que el color inicial mostraron a los 22 diacuteas un alto grado de descomposicioacuten

permanece y la accioacuten bacteriana es menor quedando totalmente desechos En relacioacuten con los resultados obtenidos con los camarones Con base en estos resultados se demuestra que el uso del

que se colocaron en la estufa se pudo observar el crecimiento agua desionizada en la conservacioacuten domeacutestica de alimenshy

microbiano eacuteste se manifestoacute en mayor proporcioacuten en los tos puede ser una opcioacuten econoacutemica para conservarlos

camarones sin tratamiento desionizante que aquellos que siacute hasta por 22 diacuteas fueron sujetos al tratamiento Los camarones que se colocaron En general el uso del agua desionizada retardoacute el crecimiento

microbiano en los alimentos considerados

en esta investigacioacuten (lechuga melocotoacuten

carne y camaroacuten) aunque la lechuga fue

el alimento que mostroacute un periodo de vida

maacutes largo en buen estado

Universidad Autoacutenoma

Metropolitana-Xochlmt1co

Departamento El Hombre

y su Ambiente

Aacuterea de InvestigaCioacuten Estrateglcl

Bioloacutegicas para el AprovecllClmiello

de los Recursos Naturales A CUlICOS

Laboraorio de Prol Iiexclr DOI

cle iexcl1m I(IIU Vivu

e-mail cabt7515correoxoclI II1 I1 IX

iexcl ( J ( 25-middot J- AGRO r