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ary
2009
Electrical and calorimetric measurements and related software
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
N. Catalan Lasheras, Z. Charifoulline, M. Koratzinos, A. Rijll t A Si k J St it L T i R W lf
ksho
p, C
ham
on Rijllart, A. Siemko, J. Strait, L. Tavian, R. Wolf
orm
ance
Wor
kLH
C P
erfo
1
Outline
What did we see on 19 September 2008?
Data from the final ramp– Data from the final ramp
– Data from the hardware commissioning powering tests
Investigation in other sectors of the machine
ary
2009
Investigation in other sectors of the machine
– Calorimetric method, calibration
– Sector 1-2 results
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
– Electrical measurements: across the splices
– Electrical measurements: inside the magnets
ksho
p, C
ham
on
– Verification from SM18 data
Summary for all sectors
orm
ance
Wor
k
– Suspected cases
Conclusions
LHC
Per
fo
2
19 September 2009 Sector 34LBALA 12R3
Expected temperature increase around 8mK.
Ramping on 19 September
LBBLA_25R3
0.012
0.014
LBALA_12R3LBALA_14R3LBALA_16R3LBALA_18R3LBALA_20R3LBALA_22R3LBALA_24R3LBALA_26R3LBALA_30R3LBALA_34R3LBALB_12R3LBBLA_12R3LBBLA_13R3LBBLA_14R3LBBLA_15R3LBBLA_16R3LBBLA_17R3LBBLA 18R3
Some sensors show between 10 mK and 13 mk increase
LBBLA_24R3
0.006
0.008
0.01
Del
ta T
in T
T821
LBBLA_18R3LBBLA_19R3LBBLA_20R3LBBLA_21R3LBBLA_22R3LBBLA_23R3LBBLA_24R3LBBLA_25R3LBBLA_26R3LBBLA_27R3LBBLA_28R3LBBLA_29R3LBBLA_30R3LBBLA_31R3LBBLA_32R3LQOAA_25R3LBBLA_33R3LBBLA 34R3
ary
2009
0
0.002
0.004
2008-09-19 2008-09-19 2008-09-19 2008-09-19 2008-09-19 2008-09-19 2008-09-19
LBBLA_34R3LBBLD_13R3LBBLD_17R3LBBLD_15R3LBBLD_19R3LBBLD_21R3LQATD_15R3LBBLD_23R3LBBLD_25R3LBBLD_27R3LBBLD_29R3LBBLD_31R3LBBLD_33R3LQASB_23R3LQASB_27R3LQATA_13R3LQATA_17R3LQATA 21R3
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Feb
rua
Ramping on 19 September
LBBLA_25R30.014
11:02:24.000 11:05:16.800 11:08:09.600 11:11:02.400 11:13:55.200 11:16:48.000 11:19:40.800
Time
Q _LQATD_19R3LQOAC_31R3LQOAI_29R3LQOAK_33R3
Parabolic dependence with ti (h t)
ksho
p, C
ham
on
LBBLA_24R3
LBBLA_29R3
LQASB_23R3
0.008
0.01
0.012
n TT
821
time (hence current).All of them around cell 24R3
orm
ance
Wor
k
0.002
0.004
0.006
Del
ta T
in
3
LHC
Per
fo
3
0
2008-09-1911:02:24.000
2008-09-1911:05:16.800
2008-09-1911:08:09.600
2008-09-1911:11:02.400
2008-09-1911:13:55.200
2008-09-1911:16:48.000
2008-09-1911:19:40.800
Time
7kA cycle in sector 3-4 on 15 September
Sector 3-4. Plateau at 7 kA on 15th September.pTemperature increase about 30 mK in one hour
ary
2009
Valves blocked at 57.5% limitStrong temperature
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua Strong temperature
gradient across the cryogenic sub-sectorResistance estimated
ksho
p, C
ham
on Resistance estimated somewhere between 180 nOhms and 270 nOhms
orm
ance
Wor
kLH
C P
erfo
4
All sectors quick comparison
S1 2 S2 3 S3 4 S4 5S1-2 S2-3 S3-4 S4-5
7 kA 7 kA 7 kA 9.3 kA
+40 mKem
pR
elat
ive
te
ary
2009
S5-6 S6-7 S7-8 S8-1-10 mK+40 mK 1-2 hour flat tops
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2-6
Feb
rua
7 kA 7 kA 8.5 kA 7 kA
e te
mp
ksho
p, C
ham
on
Rel
ativ
eor
man
ce W
ork
All the current plateaux scrutinized for suspect temperature increase-10 mK
LHC
Per
fo
5
Unstable conditions and dynamic temperature control prevent accurate calculations.
Sector 1-2 PGC tests at 8.5 kA. Sub-sector 15R1
Powering a group of circuits tests at the end of the sector
Temperature
commissioning
– Endurance test of 8 hours
ary
2009
– All circuits powered
The cryogenic sub-sector 15R1 shows an excessive
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
heating with current
JT valve opens from 41% to 52% and is effective 3 to 5 h
ksho
p, C
ham
on 52% and is effective 3 to 5 h into the flat top
The sector is overcooled after th i
orm
ance
Wor
k the powering
JT valve opening
LHC
Per
fo
6
JT valve opening
Procedures for repowering sector 1-2
Dedicated procedure to assess the quality of the bus bars jointsof the bus-bars joints
– test sequence
ary
2009
– risk analysis
– conditions to go
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2-6
Feb
rua
ahead with the next step
T i ti ti
ksho
p, C
ham
on Two investigation methods
Calorimetric
orm
ance
Wor
k – Calorimetric
– Electric
LHC
Per
fo
7
EDMS Document No. 973396
Calorimetric measurements principle
Hydraulic restriction(cutting conduction in HeII
w/r to adjacent sub-sectors)
Q Q DDDDBayonet HX
Supply pipeSaturated LHeII
DD D D Q Q DDDDDD D D
HX
CV910TT911
j )
ary
2009
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2-6
Feb
rua
The JT valve (CV910) is blocked at the right value to compensate
ksho
p, C
ham
on The JT valve (CV910) is blocked at the right value to compensate the static heat loses before the poweringThen, the temperature drift is mainly due to electrical resistive h ti di i t d d i th i
orm
ance
Wor
k heating dissipated during the poweringAfter powering the temperature shall remain constant
LHC
Per
fo
8
1 21 89
Methodology
1
1.2
1.88
1.89TemperatureCurrent
0.6
0.8
1.86
1.87
I plat
eau
[-]
pera
ture
[K]
ary
2009
0.2
0.4
1.84
1.85
I /
Tem
p
T)
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2-6
Feb
rua
01.83
0 1 2 3 4Time [hour]
ΔU(Δ
T
ksho
p, C
ham
on Time [hour]
Assessment of the baseline slope (valve opening mismatch)
orm
ance
Wor
k
Assessment of the temperature increase during powering plateauAssessment of the internal energy variation (J/kg)
LHC
Per
fo
9
Assessment of the deposited energy assuming a mass of 26 l/m of He
1 92
Experimental validation with en electrical heater
1 91
1.915
1.92[K
]LQATO_15R1_TT821.POSST
LBARA_16R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRA_16R1_TT821.POSST
LBARB_16R1_TT821.POSST
1.9
1.905
1.91
e ev
olut
ion LQATH_16R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRA_17R1_TT821.POSST
LBARA_17R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRD_17R1_TT821.POSST
10 W applied on Q15R1
ary
2009
1.89
1.895
empe
ratu
re LQATK_17R1_TT821.POSST
LBARA_18R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRA_18R1_TT821.POSST
LBARB_18R1_TT821.POSST
LQATH 18R1 TT821 POSST
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
1.88
1.885
Te LQATH_18R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRA_19R1_TT821.POSST
LBARA_19R1_TT821.POSST
LBBRD_19R1_TT821.POSST
TaverageBefore heating With heating
ksho
p, C
ham
on 9:30 10:30 11:30g g g
ΔU [J/kg] -1.1 78M [kg] 823
orm
ance
Wor
k
ΔU [kJ] -0.92 64.2t [s] 2880 6600
LHC
Per
fo
10
W [W] -0.3 9.7ΔW [W] 10
Calorimetric measurements in sector 1-2
35
40
m]
3500 A
5000 A
25
30
ng [m
W/m
5000 A
7000 A
ary
2009
10
15
20
tive
hea
tin
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
0
5
10
ecif
ic re
sist
ksho
p, C
ham
on
-10
-5
0
Spe
orm
ance
Wor
k
07R1 11R1 15R1 19R1 23R1 27R1 31R1 29L2 25L2 21L2 17L2 13L2 09L2
Cryogenic sub-sector
LHC
Per
fo
11
Measuring the dipole bus-bar splice resistance
Mobile system with eight channels
Measure of all theMeasure of all the bus-bar segments in the dipole circuit in one cell
ary
2009 Only after analysis of
the calorimetric measurements
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua measurements
ksho
p, C
ham
onor
man
ce W
ork
LHC
Per
fo
12
Bus-bar Splice Resistance Measurements
0 00107 + 0 2828010
CH2y = 0 00118x - 0 2974810CH1 y = 0.00107x + 0.28280
R² = 0.97272
00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
CH2y 0.00118x 0.29748R² = 0.96524
10
00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
CH1
y = 0.00097x + 0.06244R² = 0.99646
0
10
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
CH4y = 0.00075x - 0.05277R² = 0.98655
0
5
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
CH3-10
ary
2009 y = 0.00096x - 0.44630
R² = 0.93882
0
10CH5 y = 0.00048x + 0.43382
R² = 0.85466
5CH6
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000-5
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2-6
Feb
rua
-10
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
y = 0.00113x - 0.21192R² = 0.99279
10 CH7 y = 0.00100x + 0.37774R² = 0.94271
10CH8
ksho
p, C
ham
on
-10
00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
orm
ance
Wor
k
Measurement of voltage against current across bus-bar segments
Micro Volt accuracy, resolution in nOhms
LHC
Per
fo
13
No anomalous resistance measured in sector 15R1
“Snapshots” using the QPS acquisition
60min @ 7kA
10min @ 6kA,5kA,4kA,…,0kA
ary
2009
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
“Snapshots”: triggering PM-data collection of individualQPS for the dipoles A15R1 – C19R1 (15 magnets)
ksho
p, C
ham
onor
man
ce W
ork
Uses the magnet instrumentation to measure the internal voltage across the
LHC
Per
fo
14
Uses the magnet instrumentation to measure the internal voltage across the dipole/quadrupole through the QPS acquisition
Results from cells A15R1 to C19R1
B16R1 => 2334
ary
2009
0.7mV/7kA=100nOhm0.7mV*7kA=4.9W
B16R1 > 2334
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
ksho
p, C
ham
on
Snapshot on 03 09 08 : 0 85mV*8 4kA=7 1W
orm
ance
Wor
k Snapshot on 03.09.08 : 0.85mV 8.4kA=7.1W
Found 100 nOhms in magnet B16R1
LHC
Per
fo
15
g
Confirmed by snapshot during powering at 8500 A
Verification from SM18 data on magnet 2334
y = 1.05E-04x - 8.65E-021 20
1.40MB 2334 (MB.B16R1, S12, 100nOhm found in LHC).
D1_L-Ua D2_U-La
R² = 9.98E-01
1.00
1.20
)
Error Bars:±2σ/√n
105 nOhms
ary
2009
0.60
0.80
Volta
ge (m
V)
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
y = 1 58E 06x + 2 12E 020.20
0.40
V
1.6 nOhms
ksho
p, C
ham
on y = 1.58E-06x + 2.12E-02R² = 2.72E-01
0.000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
Current (A)
orm
ance
Wor
k -0.20
Data from SM18 acquired during the cold tests confirms an inter-pole splice of 105 nOhm in magnet 2334 (B16R1)
LHC
Per
fo
16
g ( )
Sector 56: RB Sector 56: RQD + RQF
Calorimetric measurements in other sectors
Sector 56: RB Sector 56: RQD + RQF
Not reproducible
ary
2009
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
Sector 67: RB Sector 67: RQD + RQF
Confirmed electrically
ksho
p, C
ham
on Confirmed electrically B32R6 Local bus-bar elec. measurements missing
orm
ance
Wor
kLH
C P
erfo
1717
Snapshot for sector 6-7 on 03-Nov-08ar
y 20
09ni
x, 2
-6 F
ebru
aks
hop,
Cha
mon
orm
ance
Wor
k
Snapshot on all subsector found a resistance of 49 nOhms in magnet B32R6
LHC
Per
fo
18
Signals noisier than in other sectors
Verification from SM18 data on magnet 2303
MB 2303 (MB.B32R6, S67, 49 nOhm found in LHC)
1 2
y = 5.33E-05x + 3.79E-01R2 = 9.95E-01
1
1.2
D1_L-Ua D2_U-La
ary
2009
0.6
0.8
ge (m
V)
53nOhm
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
y = 2E-06x + 0.429R2 = 0 0562
0.4
Volta
g
2nOhm
ksho
p, C
ham
on R = 0.0562
0
0.2
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
orm
ance
Wor
k
Inter-pole resistance of 53nOhms in magnet 2303 confirmed by SM18 data.
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000Current (A)
LHC
Per
fo
19
Sector 78: RB Sector 78: RQD + RQFSec o 8 Sec o 8 Q Q
Excluded after electrical measurements
ary
2009
Local bus-bar elec. measurements missing
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
Sector 81: RB Sector 81: RQD + RQF
ksho
p, C
ham
on Excluded after electrical measurements
orm
ance
Wor
kLH
C P
erfo
2020
Calorimetric measurements for dipole circuits
60 3500 A 5000 A 7000 A200 nΩ
4
40
50
mW
/m]
S3-4
ary
2009 30
heat
ing
[
75 nΩ
100 nΩ15R1
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
20
resi
stiv
e h
50 nΩ25 nΩ
31R631R1 ?
ksho
p, C
ham
on
0
10
Spec
ific
r
orm
ance
Wor
k
-10
0
R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 L6 L6 L6 L6 L6 L6 R6 R6 R6 R6 R6 R6 R6 L7 L7 L7 L7 L7 L7 R7 R7 R7 R7 R7 R7 R7 L8 L8 L8 L8 L8 L8 R8 R8 R8 R8 R8 R8 R8 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 R3S1-2 S6-7 S7-8S5-6 S8-1
LHC
Per
fo
21
07R
11R
15R
19R
23R
27R
31R
29L
25L
21L
17L
13L
09L
07R
11R
15R
19R
23R
27R
31R
29L
25L
21L
17L
13L
09L
07R
11R
15R
19R
23R
27R
31R
29L
25L
21L
17L
13L
09L
07R
11R
15R
19R
23R
27R
31R
29L
25L
21L
17L
13L
09L
07R
11R
15R
19R
23R
27R
31R
29L
25L
21L
17L
13L
09L
23RS1 2 S6 7 S7 8S5 6 S8 1
Calorimetric measurements for quadrupole circuits
50
60 3500 A 5000 A 7000 A
40
50
mW
/m]
ary
2009
30
heat
ing
[m
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
20
esis
tive
h
50 nΩ
25 nΩ
ksho
p, C
ham
on
10
Spec
ific
re
orm
ance
Wor
k
-10
0S
S6-7 S7-8S5-6 S8-1
LHC
Per
fo
22
0
07R5
11R5
15R5
19R5
23R5
27R5
31R5
29L6
25L6
21L6
17L6
13L6
09L6
07R6
11R6
15R6
19R6
23R6
27R6
31R6
29L7
25L7
21L7
17L7
13L7
09L7
07R7
11R7
15R7
19R7
23R7
27R7
31R7
29L8
25L8
21L8
17L8
13L8
09L8
07R8
11R8
15R8
19R8
23R8
27R8
31R8
29L1
25L1
21L1
17L1
13L1
09L1
Summary of the findings in 2008
25
Dipole (5 sectors) Quadrupole (4 sectors)
NNXN: Confirmed by electrical measurements
20
[-]NNXN: Confirmed by electrical measurements
~ 2 W @ 7 kA
ary
2009
10
15
ub-s
ecto
rs
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
31R15
10
# of
su
ksho
p, C
ham
on 31R1 31R6
15R1 23R331R7
0-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
orm
ance
Wor
k 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Sub-sector resistance variation w/r to baseline [nΩ]
Two more cases suspected at the limit of 2W in the quadrupole powering
LHC
Per
fo
23
Two more cases suspected at the limit of 2W in the quadrupole powering
Summary of electrical measurements
Main Dipoles Circuits, Resistance Measurement SnapshotsSector Date Current CommentsA12* 3-Nov-08 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 B16R1 -> 100nOhm, all others less than 10nOhm (+ switch open snaphots)A23A34A45A56 28-Nov-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothing more than 5nOhmA67 14-Nov-08 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 B32R6 -> 50nOhm, all others less than 10-20nOhm; noisy signal
ary
2009
A78 14-Nov-08 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 nothig more tha 10nOhmA81 2-Dec-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothig more tha 10nOhm
Main Quads Circuits, Resistance Measurement SnapshotsSector Date Current Comments
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua Sector Date Current Comments
A12A23A34A45A56 26 N 08 0 3500 5000 7000 hi h 5 Oh
ksho
p, C
ham
on A56 26-Nov-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothing more than 5nOhmA67 21-Nov-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothing more than 5nOhmA78 18-Nov-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothing more than 5nOhmA81 3-Dec-08 0, 3500, 5000, 7000 nothing more than 5nOhm
orm
ance
Wor
k
Local bus-bar segment measurements done on demand. Not high resistances detected.
Snapshots both inside the magnets and in the bus bar segments will be
LHC
Per
fo
24
Snapshots both inside the magnets and in the bus-bar segments will be implemented from the new QPS system. (See R. Denz talk)
Summary of measurements
S t A di l A Q d l IPQSectors Arc dipole Arc Quadrupoles IPQTests
Calorim
Mag
Bus-barequ
Calorim
Mag
Bus-barequ
Calorim
Mag
Bus-barequm
etric
gnet
ar (on uest)
metric
gnet
ar (on uest)
metric
gnet
ar (on uest)
1-2 (2) 1
ary
2009
( )2-33-4
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
4-55-6 (0) 0 (0) 06 7 (1) 1 (1) 0
ksho
p, C
ham
on 6-7 (1) 1 (1) 07-8 (1) 0 0 (1) 08-1 (1) 0 0 (0) 0
orm
ance
Wor
k
(1) suspected cases from calorimetric measurements1 confirmed cases by electrical measurement
8 1 (1) 0 0 (0) 0
LHC
Per
fo
25
1 confirmed cases by electrical measurement.It may change with current!
Conclusions
An abnormal temperature rise was seen as a precursor of the incident in sector 3-4.
A t / t ll d t f t t i th i tiAccurate/controlled measurements of temperature using the existing equipment can /have spot other potential risks.
Electrical measurements are needed to confirm and quantify the resistive splice
ary
2009
q y pbut required special equipment and were only local.
Check of internal splices in the magnet is now done during cold tests in SM18.
nix,
2-6
Feb
rua
The main circuits in four sectors have been fully investigated plus the dipole circuit in sector 1-2. Seven suspected cases have been found. Two were excluded, two confirmed and three are pending electrical measurements.
ksho
p, C
ham
on
New QPS system will be able to measure the resistance of individual magnets and bus-bar segments in the LHC during dedicated tests. See R. Denz presentation in session 4.
orm
ance
Wor
k
Improved calorimetric measurements in preparation
The new powering procedures will demand mandatory calorimetric and l t i l t t i ALL t t th b i i f th t LHC i
LHC
Per
fo
26
electrical tests in ALL sectors at the beginning of the next LHC powering campaign
