Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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At a Glance to Battery Systems of Electric Cars

Istanbul Technical University Energy Institute

Energy Science & Technology Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto. App. ELK 579E Cem LALE 301961010 April 28th 2015

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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TERMS in our life

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Structural Analysis

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Detailed Battery Composition

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Total Lithium Required for Passenger Auto

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Relative Battery Masses

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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World Lithium Usage

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Lithium Demand

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Trends

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Trends

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Projections

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Chemical Behaviour

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Different Material Types

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Future of Batteries

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Future energy Needs

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Li Ion Cell in Electric circuit

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Construction

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Modules

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Applications

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Energy Analysis

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Lithium-Ion Variants

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Key Parameters

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Different Battery Behaviour

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Power and Energy Behaviour

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Compact Production

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Compactness Analysis

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Availability

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Look the Cars

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

PB - Lead7 Ah usable capacity 12 nominal 10,5 kg 210 EURLife time 1-2 Years = 210 EUR/year / Yuasa PB-Gel REC GiantLafree 1999 / 15,9 km Range (EE Test 1999)

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

NiCd - Nickel-Cadmium7 Ah usable capacity 7 nominal 5,3 kg 390 EURLife time 5-8 years = 78 EUR/year / Sanyo NiCd 7 Ah F Size /Sachs Elotouring 2000 / 34,7 km range (EE Test 2000)

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

7 Ah usable capacity 7 nominal 4,2 kg 393 EURLife time 3-6 years = 131 EUR/year / Sanyo NiMhd 7 Ah D YamahaEASY Super 2001 / 37,2 km range (EE Test 2001

NiMhd - Nickel-Metall-Hydrid

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric VehiclesLi-Ion /Li-Polymer - Lithium

7 Ah usable capacity expected 7,2 nominal 1,9 kg 695 EUR / Lifetime no real world experience yet 4-6 years expected this would bea theoretical value of 173 EUR/year / NEC Tokin Lithium flat packcells / Biketech Flyer C Series / not tested jet

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Today: 24V Yamaha system Future: 36V system with front hub motor

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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A Few words for light Electric Vehicles

Istanbul Technical University Energy Insttitute Energy Science & Technology ELK 579E Adv. El. & Elec. Sy. Auto App. Cem LALE

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References• Automotive Lithium-Ion BatteriesJohnson Matthey Technol. Rev., 2015, 59, (1), 4–13• Lithium Ion Batteries: Possible Materials Issues‐ , Linda Gaines and Paul Nelson, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL• Present and Future Role of Battery Electrical Vehicles in Private and Public Urban Transport, Adolfo Perujo, Geert Van Grootveld and Harald Scholz• Energy Storage: Current Status and Future Trends, James Miller, Ph.D., Deputy Director, Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory.• A Review of Battery Technologies for Automotive Applications (EUROBAT)• Growth field example: Batteries for Mobility, Driving the future of electromobilityBASF Factbook, July 2013• The worldwide battery market 2011-2025, Christophe PILLOT, Director, AVICENNE ENERGY, BATTERIES 2012, October 24-26, 2012, Nice, France• Batteries for Vehicular Applications, Venkat Srinivasan, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70R 0108B, Berkeley, CA 94720• Electric Battery• Actual and future Battery Technology Trends, Peter Birke,Continental AG, Prague, May 6th, 2010• Electric Mobility –Rethinking the Car, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Germany• The Tesla Battery Report, Menahem Anderman, Advanced Automotive Batteries, November 12, 2014• Batteries for Electric Cars, Challenges, Opportunities, and outlook to 2020, Boston Consulting Group• Batteries for Light Electric Vehicles (LEV‘s), Lithium Battery Seminar / 15 November 2005 / Karlstein - Germany© Hannes Neupert, President ExtraEnergy.org and Hannes Neupert Consulting• Hybrid power for the future, Lithium-ion batteries for hybrid combat vehicles, Saft• Safety of lithium-ion batteries, The European Association for Advanced Rechargeable Batteries, June 2013• The Electric Vehicle Battery Landscape, CET Technical Brief, University of California Berkeley, 2009.9.v.1.1• Assessment of Future Li-IonBattery Production Costs, Peter Mock, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Vehicle Concepts,Stuttgart, Germany• Product Roadmap, Lithium Ion Batteries 2030 , Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI• The Lion Battery Value Chain Trends and Implications, Roland Berger Strategy Consultants August 2011.• State of the Art Electric Propulsion :Vehicles and Energy Supply, Work Package December 2013.