Elektrik Devreleri 2 - Eemdersnotlari.com - Alternatif Akımın Tanımı

8/10/2019 Elektrik Devreleri 2 - Eemdersnotlari.com - Alternatif Akmn Tanm

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JK^FTMJ^G JOHINFWTFKFT:


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JK^FTMJ^G JOHIHM ^JT@FU4


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Fkfotrhhm ^jmi vf stmkokfrhFkfotrho fkfotrhosfk yomvjrkvf jomnjmifynjmj

afkfm fhtkh ckaukjr tjmikjyjm szeotr. Iomjtsko(ijmyfthzij) hkf dhrkhotf ncjnjoh tfifk ftohkfhikfrnfm dhrhckjm fkfotrc iomjtsk ckuturur. Xknri, fkfotrho joi vfjkjm ahdh yjyam ckjrjo dhkhmfm dhrco ckauyu dmyfshmnf

djrmnrijmm yjm srj, fm mfikh fmnstrhyfk uyaukjijkjrjrjsmnjfkfotrcmho vf fkfotrho aesjykjdhkhr. Fkfotrhhmcuzfkkhokfrh :8. yzyk fsmjsmnj jmkjki ckup, sjmjyhnfvrhihmhm mfikh ftofmkfrhmnfm dhrhnhr. Amiznf hsf,fkfotrho uyajrkmjyrkijzpjrjsocmuiumnjnr.

5


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Fkfotrhhm vjrkykj hkahkh hko ojytkjrj I.416< ykmnjJmtho Isrnj rjstkjmijotjnr. Ojytkjrj arf Mhk mf`rhmnfyjjyjm vf dtm djkokjrm ocruyueusu ckjrjo jnkjmnrkjmFkfotrho Djkmm fkfotrho cou hmsjmkjr tjrjgmnjm gjro

fnhkihth.

Fkfotrhokh ykjm djkokjr (Fkfetrhe ffk)fkfotrho jkjm rftif ojpjshtfshmf sj`hpthr.

>


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Jmtho Xumjmnj of`rhdjrm (Arfof2, fkfotrcm) srtmifsh hkf nhfrmfsmfkfrhfothhmh azkfikfih vf du aef fkfotrho jnmvfrihkfrnhr. Xzykkjr scmrj, :164'nf, DfmbjihmGrjmok hm (:1) jkijkjrhkf mfikhojtonjdukumiukjrnr


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7

:8. vf 4


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Fkfotrhhm^jrh`hFsoh XumjmknmrIhkftkh ^`jkfs

I yjokjo 7


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:8. yzyknj nj`j mef dhkhmfm stjtho fkfotrho yjmmjfkfotrho joi fokfmih vf srfokh fkfotrho joim iiomokjm phk hejt fnhkihthr. Fkfotrhhm du njkmnjoh jkijkjrdjkjtjm ohh, mk ourdjj nfmfyh hkf tjmmjm Kuhah Ajkvjmh(:151:180)nhr.

:10< ykmnj yjpt nfmfykfrhm scmukjrm :18:nfjokjyjmAjkvjmh, "`jyvjmsjk fkfotrho" tfcrhshmh crtjyj jtt. Dutfcrhshmh, rjstkjmt scmueu k dhr ourdjjmm djejmnjoh

shmhrkfrhm mftfr hkf ofshknhhmnf ojsknm azkfyfrfockuturiutu. Dumj arf, ejmkkjr ckuturjm `erfkfr fkfotrhohfrifotfynh.

0


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8

:185'nf Ajkvjmh'mhm nfmfykfrhmf nfvji fnfmJkfssjmnrc Wcktj (:1>6:041) ourdjjdjejojskijkjrmmgjrok hoh iftjknfm ojymjokjmnm dukur. Djejm uyjrkijs,dhrdhrhmf dfmzfifyfm hoh gjrok iftjknfm vf `erfkfrhm sv

hfrifshmnfm ojymjokjmycrnu. C `knf fkfotrho fknffnfdhkifo hhm hoh gjrok iftjkf vf svyj h`thyj ckijkyn.Dumnjm yjrjrkjmjrjo djorvf hmocijnfmkfrh jkjrjo jrjkjrmjtuzku suyj djtrki smafrkfr yfrkfthrfm Wcktj, fkfotrho

joimfknf ftifyh djjrn. DykfefWcktj \hkh jnvfrhkfm phkhduknu(:0


10/51Wcktj \hkhJkfssjmnrc Wcktj :0


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Fkfotrcijmyfthzijmm tjmmijs yjmh fkfotrho vfijmyftho ckaukjrm dtmkfifsh, :0:8-:04


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Gjrjnjy nhsoh, hko fkfotrho rftfehnhr. Jt mjk fokhmnfohiomjts (J) nhso (N) hhmnf ijmyftho jkjm ckuturur. Nhso

nmfrofm ifrofznfm n ofmjrj ncru nmfr fohknf dhrfkfotrho joihmnokfr.Joi,ojyjr yjy ocmtjo (i), nnfvrfvf nhmahk sjyfshmnf nhso ifrofzhmf afrh nmfefofohknfjojr.

:4

Gjrjnjy nhsoh


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^`cijs Fnhscmum crhbhmjk ojrdcm gkjijmkjipuku


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Jktfrmjthg Joim^jrh`fshJktfrmjthg joim hko prjtho uyaukjijs fkfotrctfrjphyh

hejt fnfm vf afkhthrfmAuhkkjuif Nue`fmmf (GrjmszMrckca)tjrjgmnjm uyaukjmit. :066tf ojs ojskijkjrmm

fkfotrctfrjpho tfthokfifsh hhmjktfrmjthg joimncrujoinjmnj`j stmcknuumuhgjnf ftth.

:>

Nue`fmmfmhm jppjrfhk vcktj-kfetrhquf(fkfotrho eh`jz)arjvrrfsih


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:6

:00:nfKuehfm Ajukjrn (GrjmszIueht) vf Bc`m NhxcmAhdds (mahkhz) tjrjgmnjm afkhthrhkfm dhr a trjmsgcrijtrKcmnrjnj astfrhknh vf Qfsthma`cusfum hkahshmh foth. :00>ykmnj fkfotrho jynmkjtij shstfihmf uyjrkjnokjr hejtkjrm

^urhmnf nf sfrahkfnhkfr. ^jsjrikjrmm cu VOnf fkfotrhonjtim nzfmkfyfm dfkkh ojmumkjrj uynuruknu. Ajukjrn vfAhdds trjmsgcrijtrkfrhmhm pjtfmth hhm :004, :00> vf :006tfdjvurnukjrjmejo Mhockj ^fskjmmnj`j mefohjkijkjrvf

Ufdjsthjm Rhjmh nf Gfrrjmth tjrjgmnjmdjkjtkjmgjjkhyftkfrnfmnckjyafrh fvrhknhkfr.Gfrrjmth tjsjrkjn fhtkh fkfotrho jyatkjr hhm

Kcmnrj'nj dhr noojm ournuu zjijm :004 ykmnj duhf ahrhihth. Gfrrjmth jktfrmjthg joim a njtimnjohdjjrsmj hko hmjmjm vf du shstfihm VOnfoh uzijmkjrmnjmdhrhynh.


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:001nf Kcmnrj Fkfotrho Njtihrofth Nfptgcrntj fkfotrho sjmtrjkhtjsjrkjijo hhm Gfrrjmthyh hf jkn.Gfrrjmth dhmjy, rfthi sjmtrjkhmh vfnjti shstfihmh tjsjrkjn. :08:nftjijikjmnmnj jym scojotjoh tofthehhhm ojymjotjoh yosfo vcktjb nrfm hkoafrfo icnfrm fkfotrho sjmtrjkhynh. Du

tfifk shstfi nmyjftrjgmnjamiznfoukkjmkijyj nfvji ftifotfnhr. @jkjnmyjmm `fr yfrhmnfoh pfo co fvGfrrjmth JE pjtfmtkh fkfotrho kfrkfrf

sj`hpthr.

:7

Ufdjsthjm Rhjmh nfGfrrjmth

(:07>-:85


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:1

Qhkkhji Utjmkfy, Br. yjktkinfvrfkfr jrjsmnjJE aevfrhikh fohknf nmtrifo hhm hko oukkjmk jkftkfrnfm dhrhmhtjsjrkjn. mnoshycmdcdhmh ckjrjo jnkjmnrncrtjo dhr nfihrmvf zfrhmf sjrki dcdhm hgtkfrhmh oukkjmjm tjsjri, hko

trjmsgcrijtrn.

\rjtho dcdhm nfvrfkfrh icnfrm trjmsgcrijtrkfrhm prctcthpkfrhynh.

(V.U. \jtfmt 5>8,7::)

A n o kk k JE


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:0

Amiznf oukkjmkjm JE ashstfikfrh :007njmscmrj `zkjafkhth

AfcrafQfsthma`cusf

Jifrhojk ahrhhiehvf i`fmnhs

:0>7-:8:>Nmyjmm hko thejrhJE shstfihmh hejt ftth

Qfsthma`cusf koJE Uhstfih :001

JE h t k n t th h A


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JE shstfikfr scmrjnjm pjtfmthmh AfcrafQfsthma`cusfjsjtjm (7


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^`cijs Fnhscm, Ifmkc \jro (kofmnstrhyfk jrjtrij

kjdcrjtujr) Uh`hrdjz ckjrjodhkhmfm Jifrhojk iueht vf

hjnji? NE a fdfofshmhmafkhifsh hhm urjit.


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Jifrhojnj g j z k jktfrmjth g j o ioukkjmjm hko thejrh


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Jifrhoj nj g j z k jktfrmjth g j o ioukkjmjm hko thejrhfkfotrho sjmtrjkh Ojkhgcrmhyj, Tfnkjmns yjomkjrmnjoh JkihrhjmNfeofr tjrjgmnjm tjsjrkjmjm Ihkk Erffo Mc.: @ynrcfkfetrhe\kjmt fkfotrho sjmtrjkhnhr. 1 Fykk:085 ykmnjfkfotrho rfthihmf

djkjn. @fr dhrh 46


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:08: Dj`jrmnjrfthifdjkjyjmJifs @ynrcfkfetrhe

Afmfrjthma \kjmt fkfotrho sjmtrjkh. Afmfrjtr 54< gfft djkojktmnj jkt gfft pfktcm jro hkf tj`rho fnhkifotfnhr. :


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@rvjthstjm njoh^`f Bjruaj @ynrcfkfetrhe \cwfr \kjmt40 Justcs :086tf rfthif djkjn. @fr dhrh 664@zkho hoh afmfrjtr vf trjmsgcrijtrkfrIjejr hrofthAjmztjrjgmnjm rfthknh vf icmtjb yjpkn. kfthi `jtt fkfotrho

sjmtrjkhmnfm hdfmhof`rhmfojnjr ::,6oikhoifsjgf dcyumejjjnhrfokfr vf yfrfk njtifdfofshhhmnf 5


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Mhockj fskj vf Dfmbjihm A. Kjiifmhmjkijkjrmj njyjmjm 6


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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Waveforms.svghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Waveforms.svghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Hydroelectric_dam.svg


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Okjsho dhr `hnrckho djrjb tfshsh (`hnrcfkfotrho djrjb) `hnrcfkfotrho

sjmtrjkhmhm fm yjyam thphnhr.

56
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Hydroelectric_dam.svg


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Oirkf jkjm friho Ujmtrjk fijs


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Tzajr Fmfrbhsh Ujmtrjk (TFU) fijs


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Bfctfrijk Fmfrbh Ujmtrjk fijs


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Amf Fmfrbhsh Ujmtrjk fijs


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>:

Dhycijs (Dhycotkf) Fmfrbhsh Ujmtrjk fijs

Jktfrmjthg Joim Ncru Joikj Ojrkjtrkijs


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Jktfrmjthg JoimNcruJoikjOjrkjtrkijsJktfrmjthg vf ncru joikjrm dhrdhrhmf arf djz

stmkokfrhvjrnr. Dumkjr?

Jktfrmjthg joiafmfrjtrkfrhmhmvfrhikfrh %86 hm zfrhmnfckup? akfrh,nfvhr sjykjrncrujoiafmfrjtrkfrhmfarfnj`j dyotr.

>4

Dhr Jktfrmjthg joiafmfrjtr(Jktfrmjtr)

Jktfrmjthg joinj afrhkhihm afmkhhmh nfhthrifo hhm


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joinj a afmkhhmh nfhthrifo hhmoukkjmkjm trjgckjr yjrniykj fmfrbh njti nj`j ockjyckur.

>5

Fkfotrho fmfrbhsh rfthi,hkfthi vf njtifijs


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>>Fkfotrho fmfrbhsh rfthi,hkfthi vf njtifijs

Jktfrmjthg joi ijohmfkfrhmhm yjpikjr ockjy ckup jym


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y p y p yatfohncrujoiijohmfshmhm yjrijkhyfthmnfnhr.

>6

Ncru joi ijohmfsh(Ncru joi ictcru)

Jktfrmjthg joi ijohmfsh(Jsfmorcm ictcr)

Jktfrmjthg joiijohmfkfrh dyoatfyjpkjdhknhokfrhmnfm,


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y a y p ,fkfotrhhmdhrhi ijkhyfth ueuz ckur.

>7

Jktfrmjthg joi, ouru ncruktijkjr yjrniykj ockjyej


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, y y yncru joij fvrhkfdhkhrofm ncru joim jktfrmjthg joijfvrhkifshockjy dhr hkfickijijotjnr.

>1


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Fkfotrhokf yjpkjm yzfy ojpkjijek vf ijnfm jrtij


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y p y y p hkfihmnfsjnfef ncrujoioukkjmkr.

>8


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Elektrik Devreleri 2 - Eemdersnotlari.com - Alternatif Akımın Tanımı