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Emergency VentilatorEmergency Ventilator
Joshua GessJoshua GessJimmy GrottingJimmy Grotting
Tim WeaverTim WeaverRyan WinterRyan WinterWhitt IsraelWhitt Israel
Advisor:Advisor:Dr. Paul KingDr. Paul King
April 11, 2005April 11, 2005
Lung Volume During Lung Volume During Emergency RespirationEmergency Respiration
• The average human has a total lung capacity (TLC) of 4-6 liters
• The average tidal volume is only 0.5 liters
• Even at vital capacity, about 25% of the lung volume remains (residual volume)
• Residual volume can allow chemicals or other foreign substances to remain in the lung
How High Frequency Ventilation How High Frequency Ventilation Promotes Fluidic MixingPromotes Fluidic Mixing
• Shorter bursts of air create a turbulent atmosphere
• Fresh air mixes with residual volume
• Clean air reaches alveoli more quickly
• Allows for oxygen to be more efficiently absorbed
• Waste gases are removed more efficiently
IPV vs. Bulk-Flow VentilationIPV vs. Bulk-Flow Ventilation
Figure 1: Bulk flow ventilation
Figure 2: Percussive ventilation
Design ProgressionDesign Progression
Ambu Bag – too much attention to device and Ambu Bag – too much attention to device and not enough to patientnot enough to patient
SureVent – looked to improve this existing SureVent – looked to improve this existing systemsystem
High Frequency Jet Ventilation – revolutionary High Frequency Jet Ventilation – revolutionary form of ventilationform of ventilation
Incorporation into new idea-(piston actuator, Incorporation into new idea-(piston actuator, reverse whistle, acoustics, pneumatic actuator, reverse whistle, acoustics, pneumatic actuator, fans)fans)
Final Design: Solenoid ValveFinal Design: Solenoid Valve
Overall Importance of the Five Design Constraints1 FEASIBLE - Designs that could be built by project deadline or were relatively more likely to
work are checked.
2 VARIABILITY - The doctors expressed a concern with complete control over the variables ofa ventilator such as inlet pressure and frequency. Designs having variables that aredependent upon one another are NOT checked.
3 PORTABLE - EMT's expressed a concern that any device they used must be able to beeasily carried around the waist. Any design that is too bulky to be carried around by an EMT is NOT checked.
4 INEXPENSIVE - Designs that produced significant costs in production and materials are NOTchecked. It should be noted that all of these designs are cheaper than the existing systembut the designs that are exceptionally cheaper are those that are noted.
5 MECHANICAL - Any design that incorporates electrical power of any kind is NOT checked.
DESIGN SELECTION MATRIXDESIGNS OPTIONS
VARIABILITY PORTABLE MECHANICAL FEASIBLE INEXPENSIVEPISTON ● ●ACTUATED
REVERSE ● ● ●WHISTLE
ACOUSTICS ● ●
FAN ● ● ●ACTUATED
SOLENOID ● * ● *VALVE
MicroKing Air Control ValveMicroKing Air Control Valve
3-Way inline valve for rapid control actuating3-Way inline valve for rapid control actuating 4.8 Watt Solenoid for 12 VDC4.8 Watt Solenoid for 12 VDC Operating pressure: .42 psiOperating pressure: .42 psi Operating frequency: 0 – 15 HzOperating frequency: 0 – 15 Hz Price: $25.00Price: $25.00
Function GeneratorFunction Generator
MFJ Portable Function MFJ Portable Function Generator for $80.00Generator for $80.00
Simple square waves with Simple square waves with variable frequencyvariable frequency
Oscillator circuit consisting of Oscillator circuit consisting of step function generator step function generator
Prototype TestingPrototype Testing
Pressure TransducerPressure Transducer PX24APX24A Arrives 4/11 or 4/12Arrives 4/11 or 4/12
LabVIEW data LabVIEW data acquisition softwareacquisition software Simple data recordingSimple data recording FFTFFT