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MTC001 EMF Report COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE
Sat-Com (Pty) Ltd Original Company Registration Number: 91/415 Sat-Com House, No 2-6 Jakaranda Street,
Suiderhof, Windhoek, Namibia P.O. Box 22951, Windhoek Tel +264 (0)61 374 700
Fax +264 (0)61 251 615
http://www.sat.com.na/
Electromagnetic Field Measurements and
Predictive Report
Date: 05 September 2012
Project Code: MTC001 – EMF Measurements Revision: 1.0
APPROVAL
AUTHORITY NAME SIGNATURE DATE
Sat-Com Reinhold Rothkegel 05 September 2012
Enviro Dynamics Eloise Carstens 11 September 2012
Non-Disclosure Protection Statement The information contained within this document is confidential in all respects and it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the information as provided shall only be used for study and evaluation purposes. It is further agreed that the information furnished will not be used for any other purpose than stated above and that the information will not, either directly or indirectly, by agent, employee, or representative, be disclosed either in whole or in part, to any other third party; provided however that the information
provided may be disclosed only to those directors, officers, employees, and advisors who need such information for the purpose of evaluation, it being understood that those directors, officers, employees and advisors shall be informed of the confidential nature of the information and shall be directed to treat the information confidentially
Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential
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Contents REPORT DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY 6
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 6
Section A: EMF Measurement Report 1. INTRODUCTION 7 2. MEASURED RESULTS 7
3. PHOTOS OF SELECTED MEASUREMENT POSITIONS: 13
4. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 15 5. INDEPENDENT ASSESSOR 15
6. MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT AND METHODOLOGY 15
Section B: EMF Predictive Report 1. INTRODUCTION 16 2. BASE-STATION DETAILS 17
3. CALCULATED RESULTS 19 4. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 23
5. REFERENCES 24
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List of Figures
Section A: EMF Measurement Report Figure A 1 : Overview Map of sites where measurements were performed ........................................... 8
Figure A 2 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Mission Road ........................ 9 Figure A 3 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Gloudina Road ...................... 9
Figure A 4 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Kwame Road Mini Base
Station Site ............................................................................................................... 10 Figure A 5 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Hebenstreit Base Station
Site .......................................................................................................................... 10 Figure A 6 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Reuning Base Station Site ..... 11
Figure A 7 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around Gevers Street Mobile Base Station Site ..... 11
Section B: EMF Predictive Report Figure B 1 : Overview of installation ............................................................................................... 17 Figure B 2 : Overview of Site Locations .......................................................................................... 18
Figure B 3 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at Mission Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............... 20
Figure B 4 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............. 20 Figure B 5 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Kwame Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............... 21 Figure B 6 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Hebenstreit site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ........................ 21
Figure B 7 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the Reuning site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure) ............................. 22
Figure B 8 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of
expected highest RF exposure) ................................................................................... 22
Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential
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List of Tables
Section A: EMF Measurement Report Table A 1 : RF Exposure Levels at Measurement Positions ................................................................. 12
Section B: EMF Predictive Report Table B 1 : Antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction ..................................................... 18 Table B 2 : Predicted maximum exposure summary at 1.5m above ground level .................................. 19
Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential
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5 September 2012
Enviro Dynamics
16 Seder Street Suiderhof
Windhoek Namibia
To Whom It May Concern:
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED MTC POLE BASE STATION SITES
(MISSION ROAD MINI, GLOUDINA ROAD MINI, KWAME ROAD MINI, HEBENSTREIT, REUNING) IN THE LUDWIGSDORF AND SURROUNDING AREAS
Sat-Com PTY LTD and EMSS Consulting (EMSS) has expertise in the field of human exposure assessment to radio-frequency (RF) fields. For more than a decade we have focused our efforts in this area on the
assessment of human exposure to cellular technologies.
With the current available scientific knowledge, international regulating bodies have set guidelines for safe exposure to electromagnetic fields. The most widely accepted of these are the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (or ICNIRP) guidelines.
A number of independent international expert groups have also reviewed this scientific literature. All
concluded that the balance of evidence indicates that exposure below the ICNIRP guidelines would not cause any negative health effects.
Exposure predictions around the proposed installations were performed, using numerical simulations based on the site information supplied by MTC.
The results obtained show that:
1) The maximum expected RF exposure anywhere at 1.5m above ground level around all the
proposed sites is at least 2300 times below the general public guidelines of limiting exposure
proposed by ICNIRP.
2) The maximum expected RF exposure at 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini base station is at least 450 times below the
ICNIRP general public guidelines.
3) According to the numerical EMF exposure assessment performed by Sat-Com and EMSS, the site is
classified as Provisionally Compliant and will be Compliant with the ICNIRP Guidelines if the equipment is installed as specified in the planned documentation.
Should the base station be constructed and switched on, Sat-Com and EMSS could verify that the installation is performed as in the information received from MTC before certifying the site in terms of the
ICNIRP guidelines. Yours sincerely,
______________________ Reinhold Rothkegel Pr Eng.
Sat-Com (PTY) LTD
Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential
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Report Document Revision History
Revision No Revision Date Reason for Amendment
1 5 September 2012 Initial Report
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations
Term
EMF Electromagnetic Fields
EMSS EMSS Consulting (PTY) Ltd.
Exclusion Zone
Area around an antenna or antennas where the RF field values emanating from the antennas exceed the ICNIRP public guidelines (public exclusion zone) or the ICNIRP occupational
guidelines (occupational exclusion zone)
ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection
RF Radio-Frequency
Sat-Com Sat-Com (PTY) Ltd
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Section A: EMF Measurement Report
1. Introduction
During a measurement survey commissioned by Enviro Dynamics, measurements were performed at and
around the locations of five planned and one mobile base station sites of MTC in the Ludwigsdorf area,
Windhoek. The aim of the survey was to measure the electromagnetic exposure levels at various positions
around these sites.
Measured results are compared to the guidelines of limiting exposure proposed by the International
Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).
The measurement protocol used is the IEC 62232 (May 2011) standard for determination of RF field
strength and SAR in the vicinity of radio communication base stations for the purpose of evaluating human
exposure.
2. Measured Results Figure 1 to Figure 7 and Table 1 presents the measurement positions and exposure levels in terms of a
percentage of the ICNIRP guidelines, where a 100% value would indicate that the safe exposure limit for
the General Public has been reached. The cellular contribution to the total exposure is given in the last
column of the table.
Since the aim of the survey was to measure the typical exposure values, the reported results are un-
extrapolated peak field instantaneous exposure results, at the specific date and time of the measurement
survey.
Measurements were performed around the position of the following six base station sites (five of which are
planned base station sites and the remaining one an operational mobile base station):
• Mission Road Mini, planned site to be located next to the south eastern boundary wall of 1 Herbst
Street, on Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.
• Gloudina Road Mini, planned site to be located alongside the Gloudina Pumpstation, at the corner
of Babs and Joseph Mukwayu Ithana Streets.
• Kwame Road Mini, planned site to be located next to the northern boundary wall of 70 Dr. Kwame
Nkrumah Avenue.
• Hebenstreit, planned site to be located on the corner of Hebenstreit and Wilemien Streets.
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• Reuning, planned site to be located along the northern boundary fence of the Lutheran Church on
Reuning Street.
• Gevers Street Mobile, operational mobile site currently located at the Maria municipal substation
next to Belvedere Guest House on Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.
Figure A 1 : Overview Map of sites where measurements were performed
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Figure A 2 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Mission Road
Mini Base Station Site
Figure A 3 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Gloudina Road
Mini Base Station Site
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Figure A 4 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Kwame Road Mini Base
Station Site
Figure A 5 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Hebenstreit Base Station
Site
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Figure A 6 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around the planned Reuning Base Station Site
Figure A 7 : Map of Area and Measurement Positions around Gevers Street Mobile Base Station Site
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Table A 1 : RF Exposure Levels at Measurement Positions
Measured On
No. Location Total Exposure
Cellular Exposure
4/08/2012
11:37
1 At the proposed position of the Mission Road
Mini site.
0.0025% 0.0002%
14/08/2012
11:48
2 On the road in front of 52 Quenta Street. 0.0141% 0.0047%
14/08/201 11:52
3 On the driveway of 24 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue.
0.0177% 0.0090%
14/08/2012
12:09
4 In front of 2 Herbst Street at the end of the cul-de-
sac.
0.0036% 0.0010%
14/08/2012
12:33
5 At the proposed position of the Gloudina Road
Mini site.
0.0027% 0.0004%
14/08/2012 12:40
6 In front of 1A Babs street. 0.0016% 0.0003%
14/08/2012
12:49
7 On the driveway of the house on the corner of Olga
and Portia streets, opposite 19 Portia Street.
0.0119% 0.0028%
14/08/2012
12:54
8 On the driveway of 39 Joseph Mukwayu Ithana
Street.
0.0072% 0.0008%
14/08/2012 14:32
9 At the proposed position of the Kwame Road Mini site.
0.0042% 0.0008%
14/08/2012
14:38
10 On the corner of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue
and Jeanette Street.
0.0030% 0.0016%
14/08/2012
14:43
11 In front of 73 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue. 0.0049% 0.0029%
14/08/2012 14:48
12 Opposite the proposed position of the Kwame Road Mini site.
0.0061% 0.0013%
14/08/2012
14:53
13 At the gate of 68 Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue. 0.0019% 0.0004%
14/08/2012
15:15
14 At the proposed position of the Hebenstreit
site.
0.0091% 0.0047%
14/08/2012 15:20
15 In front of 45 Hebenstreit Street, close to the small gate.
0.0094% 0.0059%
14/08/2012
15:26
16 In front of 38 Hebenstreit Street 0.0106% 0.0036%
14/08/2012
15:32
17 In the courtyard of the Square Park Shopping
Centre, in front of the entrance to Hugo
Scheepers Architects.
0.0082% 0.0037%
15/08/2012
9:11
18 At the proposed position of the Reuning site. 0.0020% 0.0005%
15/08/2012 9:20
19 Against the northeastern corner of the Lutheran Church building.
0.0055% 0.0019%
15/08/2012
9:26
20 In front of the gate of 11 Reuning Street. 0.0111% 0.0023%
15/08/2012
9:33
21 On the driveway of 20 Reuning Street.
0.0103% 0.0040%
15/08/2012 11:00
22 At the base of the Gevers Street Mobile site. 0.1483% 0.1407%
15/08/2012
11:07
23 Next to the entrance gate to 89 Dr. Kwame
Nkrumah Avenue Street.
0.0318% 0.0240%
5/08/2012 11:16
24 Close to the Dr. Kwame Nkrumah Avenue entrance of the Belvedere Guesthouse.
0.0698%
0.0622%
5/08/2012 11:36
25 On the disabled parking, in front of the steps leading to the East Side Baptist Church entrance.
0.0044%
0.0030%
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3. Photos of selected measurement positions:
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4. Summary of Results and Conclusion Various positions around the Ludwigsdorf area, Windhoek, were surveyed and measurements were
recorded at positions of maximum exposure in areas around the planned and mobile cellular base stations.
For the measured results presented in this report a 100% value would indicate that the ICNIRP exposure
limit for the General Public has been reached. The highest value measured is 0.1483% of the ICNIRP
General Public guidelines and was obtained at position 22. This is more than 650 times below the General
Population limit.
5. Independent Assessor EMSS Consulting (EMSS) has expertise in the field of human exposure assessment to radio-frequency
fields. Work performed includes site surveys, numerical predictions (computer simulations) and the
interpretation and establishment of guidelines for limiting exposure. For more than a decade EMSS has
focused its efforts in this area on the assessment of human exposure to cellphone technologies. These
include measurements and numerical predictions of exposure to cellphones and base station antennas.
EMSS publishes its research results in international peer-reviewed literature and has written numerous
technical reports on base station site surveys performed on request from cellular operators and/or
members of the public.
6. Measurement Equipment and Methodology The survey meter and probes must be calibrated on a regular basis. The calibration status is presented in
the following table.
Survey
Meter:
Narda SRM 3006 Selective Radiation
Meter, S/N: D-0058
Calibration
Status:
Calibration valid until:
17 September 2012
Probe: Narda BN 3501/03 Three-Axis E-Field
Probe, S/N: K-0238
Calibration
Status:
Calibration valid until:
25 August 2012
A full uncertainty analysis for the measurement methodology used by Sat-Com and EMSS, as required by
the IEC 62232 standard, has been performed and is available on request. Detailed information on the
equipment specifications and the uncertainty assessment can be obtained on request.
For more information, contact Sat-Com PTY Ltd at: Tel: (061) 374-700 (Reinhold Rothkegel)
Email: [email protected]
Created: 05 September 2012 Proprietary and Confidential
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Section B: EMF Predictive Report
1. Introduction
In this section, numerical EMF exposure predictions are presented for the proposed MTC base-station sites
in and around the Ludwigsdorf area. The aim of the numerical simulations is to establish if the proposed
base-stations, if erected and switched on, would result in EMF exposure values such that International
guidelines for limiting exposure to EMF are adhere to. Results are presented in terms of the International
Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines [1], [2].
The numerical technique employed for the predications are based on the CENELEC EN 50383 (2008) [3]
and IEC 62232 (2011) [4] international standards for human exposure assessment in the vicinity of base
stations antennas.
Exposure predictions in a 500m x 500m area around each of the proposed MTC installations were
performed, using numerical simulations based on the site information supplied by MTC.
The results obtained show that:
1. The maximum expected RF exposure anywhere at 1.5m above ground level around all the proposed sites
is at least 2300 times below the general public guidelines of limiting exposure proposed by ICNIRP.
2. The maximum expected RF exposure at 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a
multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini base station is at least 450 times below the ICNIRP
general public guidelines.
Although RF exposure levels below the international guidelines are predicted for all areas accessible to the
general public around these sites, the following recommendation is made:
1. As an extra precaution, on-site field measurements could be performed if each base-station is erected
and switched on. The purpose of this would be to verify, through compliance measurements, the
exposure levels predicted in this report.
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2. Base-Station Details
These planned sites each consists of one camouflaged equipment container and a cellular antenna mounted
at 9m on a pole, situated throughout the area of Ludwigsdorf, Windhoek.
The height to the bottom of the antenna is 9m for each of the planned sites.
Figure 1 shows an overview of the typical site model. Figure 2 shows on overview of the site locations.
Figure B 1 : Overview of installation
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Figure B 2 : Overview of Site Locations
The antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction are listed in Table 1 below.
Table B 1 : Antenna parameters used for the numerical prediction
Site
Number
Site Name Owner Antenna Type Frequency
Band
Electrical
Tilt (°)
Power
Watt)
1 Mission Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20
2 Gloudina Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20
3 Kwame Road Mini MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20
4 Hebenstreit MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20
5 Reuning MTC Kathrein 741790 UMTS2100 0 20
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3. Calculated Results
The RF exposure levels were calculated 1.5m above the ground level of the area
surrounding each of the proposed base stations, as well as at 1.5m above the level of
expected maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the proposed Gloudina
Road Mini base station.
Figure 3 to Figure 7 shows the RF exposure levels, for each of the proposed base-
stations as a percentage of the ICNIRP general public guidelines at 1.5m above ground
level over 500m x 500m areas near each base station. The positions of the expected
highest RF exposure are indicated in each figure. Table 2 summarizes the predicted
exposure for each proposed base-station as a percentage of the ICNIRP general public
guidelines and as a multiple below these guidelines.
Table B 2 : Predicted maximum exposure summary at 1.5m above ground level
Site Name Percentage (%) of ICNIRP
General Public guidelines
Times below ICNIRP
General Public guidelines
Mission Road Mini 0.03474 2878
Gloudina Road Mini 0.04241 2357
Kwame Road Mini 0.03380 2958
Hebenstreit 0.03492 2863
Reuning 0.03329 3003
Figure 8 shows the RF exposure levels, for each of the proposed base-stations as a
percentage of the ICNIRP general public guidelines at 1.5m above the level of expected
maximum exposure of a multiple storey building near the proposed Gloudina Road Mini
base station. The position of the expected highest RF exposure is indicated in the figure.
In this area, the predicted exposure is at least 450 times below the ICNIRP general public
guidelines, or 0.2112% of these guidelines.
The natural contour of the areas simulated was approximated with best effort. The hills in
the area were approximated as uniform slopes to account for the rise in terrain.
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Figure B 3 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at
Mission Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
Figure B 4 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
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Figure B 5 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Kwame Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
Figure B 6 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Hebenstreit site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
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Figure B 7 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above ground level over a 500m x 500m area at the
Reuning site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
Figure B 8 : Predicted RF Exposure levels 1.5m above the level of expected maximum exposure of a
multiple storey building near the Gloudina Road Mini site (including the position of expected highest RF exposure)
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4. Technical Background
The site parameters used for the numerical predictions in this report are based on
documentation supplied by MTC. Free-space propagation (radiation from the antennas
into free-space, with no buildings, houses or any other structures included in the model)
is also assumed. In reality, the RF exposure levels would drop considerably inside the
building and houses (see reference [5]). More complicated models could be developed to
quantify this drop in RF exposure levels. This would increase the accuracy of the
predictions, but is beyond the scope of this document. The predictions assuming free-
space propagation are conservative and should be sufficient for the investigation at hand.
It can be concluded with confidence that, unless the installation of the antennas at the
site is changed, the results in this document represent the expected “worst case”
exposure conditions predicted at the site.
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5. References
[1] “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and
Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300GHz),” ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-
Ionizing Radiation Protection), April 1998.
[2] ICNIRP Statement on the “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric,
Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300GHz),” Health Physics, Volume 97,
Number 3, September 2009.
[3] “Basic standard for the calculation and measurement of human exposure to
electromagnetic fields from radio base stations and fixed terminal stations for
wireless telecommunication systems (110 MHz – 40 GHz),” CENELEC EN 50383,
March 2008.
[4] “Determination of RF field strength and SAR in the vicinity of radiocommunication
base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure,” IEC 62232, Edition
1.0, May 2011
[5] “On the Propagation of RF into a Building Constructed of Cinder Block Over the
Frequency Range 200 MHz to 3 GHz,” C.D. Taylor, S.J. Gutierrez, S.L. Langdon, and
K.L. Murphy. IEEE Trans. On Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 41, No. 1, February
1999.