1

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Number of beneficiaries 118,200

Duration of project 12 months (April 2012 to March 2013)

WFP food tonnage 14,509

Cost (United States dollars)

WFP food cost 7,550,862

WFP cash/voucher cost 0

Total cost to WFP 26,133,519

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Haut-Uélé and Bas-Uélé districts of the Oriental Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been destabilized since the 1990s by a succession of armed groups, including the Lord’s Resistance Army from Uganda. Prevailing insecurity has affected food security, agricultural production, trade and the social economy of communities. The province is already constrained by very poor road conditions that worsen during the rainy season. WFP’s 2011 emergency food security assessment shows that conditions are not improving and likely to decline further unless emergency food assistance is continued: in Haut-Uélé district 18 percent of the households are severely food insecure, while in Bas-Uélé 7 percent are severely food insecure. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs estimates that there are 300,000 internally displaced persons in the Uélé districts, almost 90 percent of whom reside with or near the food-insecure host communities.

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This emergency operation (EMOP) will reach 118,000 people over the twelve-month period. Planned activities include:

� General food distribution for newly displaced people, returnees, refugees, repatriating refugees and severely food-insecure people in host communities.

� Targeted supplementary feeding for malnourished pregnant/lactating women and children 6-59 months.

� Emergency school feeding for children from newly displaced and recent returnee households.

� Food-for-work activities for moderately food-insecure populations previously affected by displacements and violence.

This EMOP follows emergency assistance that has been provided by WFP in these districts since 2009. This EMOP is fully aligned to the 2012 Humanitarian Action Plan for the Democratic Republic of Congo, which has been developed by the United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations in collaboration with the Government to establish humanitarian priorities, ensure a coordinated response and mobilize funding. The operation addresses WFP Strategic Objective 1 – Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies. It also contributes to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals 1 and 4.

���� ������� ����� ����� �The Overall Context 1. Since 2008, the presence of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) has seriously disrupted

parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the Central African Republic, and the Republic of South Sudan. Despite international efforts to enhance civilian protection, improve humanitarian access and apprehend the LRA leadership, LRA violence in DRC resulted in 130 deaths, 327 abductions, and 35,000 displaced persons in 2011.1 The protection of civilians is reliant on the United Nations Stabilisation Mission (MONUSCO) and the Forces Armées de la République du Congo (FARDC) but their capacities across such a large area are too stretched to offer effective protection.

2. In recent months, LRA attacks have declined in scope and frequency, though insecurity and population displacement remain high in Haut-Uélé and Bas-Uélé districts of Oriental Province. Many people have been forced to flee their villages because their homes have been burnt down and their sources of livelihoods looted, including crops and livestock. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) often return with no food stocks or cash resources, making them highly vulnerable and reliant on daily labour and food assistance. Insecurity also affects host populations who rely on agriculture as their main livelihood activity but now have limited access to their lands. This exacerbates conditions in an already poor socio-economic environment, with limited essential and basic services.2

3. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reports that out of a population of 3.2 million people in Haut-Uélé and Bas-Uélé, 300,000 persons became IDPs between the start of the LRA attacks until mid-2011.3 Over the same period, 81,000 people returned to their areas of origin (65,600 to Haut-Uélé and 15,400 to Bas-Uélé).

1 OCHA, 2011. 2 For rural women, small-scale agriculture is an important source of income and employment, although they have limited access to economic resources such as credit, training and land. 3 OCHA, September 2011, Monthly Report.

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4. More than 1,000 refugees who fled LRA attacks in the Central African Republic are living in a remote location of Bas-Uélé district. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) expects more refugee influxes in 2012. A few thousand Congolese returnees from South Sudan are also expected to arrive in Haut-Uélé, mainly in Dungu and Faradje territories.

5. LRA-affected areas are extremely remote, vast and insecure, lacking basic road/communication networks, essential basic services and state authority. Access to vulnerable people in these areas is therefore extremely difficult.

6. The brutality of past LRA attacks, including fear of abduction and sexual and gender-based violence, has left displaced people traumatised. Hundreds of thousands of people continue to live in poor conditions far from their homes, too afraid to return to their villages and fields due to the continued threat of small, mobile LRA groups perpetrating attacks on isolated villages: 36,000 IDP’s live in IDP-specific areas in Haute-Uélé, while the remainder of IDP’s reside with or near existing communities.

7. The crisis has affected the lives and livelihoods of all population groups: displaced persons, returnees, refugees and host communities. Many people now are food insecure with limited livelihood opportunities4 and lack access to clean water, sanitation, shelter, and health care. They are also vulnerable to rising food prices at local markets.

8. Education opportunities for children in conflict-affected areas are precarious: during the 2009/2010 academic year, some schools in the Uélé districts were closed down because they became a target for LRA child abduction, which has had an impact on thousands of children. Only 49 percent of school-age children from severely food-insecure households are attending school: with the additional burden of paying school fees, food-insecure IDPs and returnees are tending to not send their children to classes.

9. Sexual and other physical violence, looting, extortion and illegal taxation, abduction, arbitrary detention and forced labour are the main protection issues in the Uélé districts. Survivors of rape and other forms of sexual violence are highly traumatized, requiring prolonged physical and mental healing processes which slows the resumption of normal social and productive activities. Although most victims are women and girls, the consequences go beyond the damage to individuals, and have a severe impact on the coping strategies of affected families and communities. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence is as high as 26 percent among victims of sexual violence in conflict areas, and 8 percent among female IDPs, compared with a 2 percent prevalence among women in the general population.5

4 WFP, July 2011, EFSA. 5 USAID, 2010, USAID HIV/AIDS Country Profile for the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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The Food Security and Nutrition Situation 10. The July 2011 emergency food security assessment by WFP with the Ministry of

Agriculture and cooperating partners in Oriental Province found: � In Haut-Uélé district, 18 percent of households are severely food insecure and 30

percent moderately food insecure. � In Bas-Uélé, 7 percent of households are severely food insecure and 29 percent

moderately food insecure. � Within these districts, the territories most affected by food insecurity are: Faradje (27

percent severe, 40 percent moderate); Dungu (24 percent severe, 29 percent moderate); Rungu, Wamba and Watsa (15 percent severe, 35 percent moderate); and Ango and Bondo territories (8 percent severe, and 34 percent moderate).

� The integrated phase classification in mid-2011 classified most of these districts as phase 3: “acute food and livelihood crisis”.

11. Food insecurity is both shock-related and structural, stemming from causes that include:6

� The effects of repeated attacks by the LRA and the subsequent loss of assets. � Reduced access to agricultural lands and inputs resulting in reduced production: 22

percent of surveyed households did not cultivate their land this year due to insecurity. � High food prices. � Frequent sickness in households. � The burden on resources for households hosting IDPs: 20 percent of households

reported having hosted IDPs during the past 12 months. � Widespread poverty. � Limited access to basic infrastructure and social services.

12. A market analysis is presently not possible because of the fluid and volatile security situation in the two districts. Markets are still not properly established, and it is unclear whether preferred foods (such as rice) are sufficiently available, particularly during the lean season.

13. A multiple indicator cluster survey by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in 2010 showed “serious” global acute malnutrition (GAM) rates in Oriental Province, which had increased from 8 percent in 2007 to 11 percent, while stunting prevalence was “very high” at 45 percent.7 Localized nutrition surveys by Action Contre la Faim (ACF) show GAM rates vary between territories in the Uélé districts: from 5 percent in Dungu Health Zone and Niangara to 10 percent in Wamba, Ango and Doruma.8 Vitamin A and iron deficiencies are also prevalent among children, pregnant women and nursing mothers: seven out of ten children 6-59 months suffer iron deficiency anaemia.9

14. WFP, UNICEF and the national programme for nutrition (PRONANUT - programme national de nutrition) recently undertook a detailed nutrition survey in Oriental Province that is disaggregated by territory. Findings from this survey will inform the provincial nutrition cluster’s activities for treatment and prevention of malnutrition. Children will be screened using weight-for-height or mid-upper arm circumference measures, in line with

6 WFP, July 2011, EFSA. 7 WHO, 1995. Cut-off values for public health significance. http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/en .8 Rapport ACF-PRONANUT, février 2010, Evaluation du statut nutritionnel des enfants âgés de 6 a 59 mois et la mortalité rétrospective: zone de sante de Dungu et Doruma-territoire de Dungu, Mahagi, Djugu et Irumu de District de Ituri. 9 Plan stratégique national pour la fortification à grande échelle en vitamines et minéraux des aliments consommés en République Démocratique du Congo, Kinshasa, February 2010.

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the Government’s national nutrition protocol. Furthermore, to advocate for strengthening nutritional treatment and recovery success of people living with HIV through food and nutrition assistance, WFP will work with UNHCR to propose an inter-agency needs assessment/feasibility study on HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

15. WFP has been providing emergency assistance in the Uélé districts since 2009 (EMOPs 108240 and 200186), mainly to IDPs through general food distribution (GFD).

Scenario 16. The prevailing insecurity and the lack of effective protection for civilians restrict the

sustainable solutions for IDPs to return home. General poverty and the lack of basic services in remote LRA-affected areas do not encourage voluntary returns or reintegration of IDPs. In line with the provincial 2012 Humanitarian Action Plan (HAP) that was finalized under the leadership of OCHA, this EMOP anticipates that poor conditions in the Uélé districts will persist in 2012 and early 2013, and continued food assistance for people who do return to their homes will be required until livelihoods are re-established. The HAP also envisages the continuation of related emergency assistance in health care, sanitation, and support to basic social services.

17. This emergency operation (EMOP) is planned for 12 months (April 2012-March 2013). If

conditions become favourable towards the end of 2012, WFP plans to have the Uélé districts integrated into a protracted relief and recovery operation (PRRO) from April 2013.

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Policies, Capacities and Actions of the Government 18. The Government plan “Stabilization and Reconstruction for Areas Emerging from Armed

Conflict” for eastern DRC is supported by the International Security and Stabilization Support Strategy and guides overall stabilisation interventions. A re-oriented provincial Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper provides the framework at the sub-national level, focusing on peace consolidation, and emphasizing governance, reconstruction and economic recovery, provision of social services, commitment to gender, and protection of the environment. It includes an annual provincial Priority Actions Programme outlining sectoral priorities and gaps, to which humanitarian and development partners should contribute.

19. National policies directly relevant to this EMOP include the National Food Security Policy, the National Strategic Plan against HIV (2010–2014), the National Gender Policy, the protocol for community-based management of acute malnutrition, and the Strategy for the Development of Primary, Secondary, and Professional Education (2010-2015).

20. The provincial orientation and development committee is the primary coordination mechanism for all humanitarian and development interventions. However, the Government has limited capacity to coordinate or contribute to humanitarian interventions in the LRA-affected areas.

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21. Guided by national-level memoranda of understanding, WFP has been implementing supplementary feeding in direct partnership with PRONANUT in Ango territory and will seek to continue and, where possible, expand this partnership to further promote government ownership. The territory administration in Dungu has been involved in the targeting, planning and monitoring of GFD, which will also continue and, where feasible, be expanded to other territories.

Policies, Capacities and Actions of Other Major Actors 22. The response actions of humanitarian actors are aligned to the HAP,10 with over 90

organizations (United Nations and NGOs) working within this framework. The 2012 HAP for DRC in total requests US$718 million for 2012, of which the food security sector is US$215 million, the nutrition sector is US$68 million, and the logistics sector is US$66 million. WFP is responding within the HAP through PRRO 200167 “Targeted Food Assistance to Victims of Armed Conflict and other Vulnerable Groups”, special operation 105560 for logistics, special operation 107440 for aviation, and this EMOP 200362 specifically for the Uélé districts. WFP’s aggregate requirements for DRC in 2012 are US$202 million.

23. In the LRA-affected areas, other organizations working in the framework of the HAP include: the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), ACF, Première Urgence, the Danish Refugee Council, Catholic Relief Services, Solidarités International, Samaritan’s Purse, Caritas, and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The main food security and livelihood interventions include provision of agricultural inputs, seed multiplication, income-generating activities, and capacity building. Most NGOs benefit from bilateral funding sources, including from the Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department of the European Commission (ECHO), the United States Office for Foreign Disaster Assistance and the pooled fund managed by the United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator for DRC.

Coordination

24. The cluster system is the primary coordination mechanism for humanitarian response,

with an OCHA-led provincial inter-agency coordination committee ensuring complementary humanitarian responses, needs assessments, early warning, and contingency planning. The committee agrees upon provincial strategies, identifies gaps and priority interventions areas, and develops strategic plans such as the HAP and pooled fund processes. In view of the hazardous operational context, MONUSCO provides security escorts in the most insecure zones (classified as “red”).

25. In Oriental Province, WFP leads the logistics cluster, co-leads the food security cluster with FAO, actively participates in the nutrition cluster (co-organizing and co-financing nutrition surveys with UNICEF and the government), and facilitates inter-cluster links, including with protection, education, and water, sanitation and hygiene. There is close coordination with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) on assistance to refugees and repatriated refugees, and with UNICEF on nutrition and school feeding.

10 République Démocratique du Congo, Plan d’Action Humanitaire, 2012. www.rdc-humanitaire.net

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26. The overarching goal of this EMOP is to save lives and protect the livelihoods of IDPs, returnees and host communities in the LRA-affected Haut-Uélé and Bas-Uélé districts. The immediate objectives are to: � Improve food consumption in targeted populations. � Reduce acute malnutrition in targeted populations. � Stabilize school enrolment in targeted populations, especially IDPs and returnees.

27. The EMOP addresses WFP’s Strategic Objective 1 – Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies, and contributes to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals 1 - Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, and 4 - Reduce child mortality.

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28. Geographical targeting is guided by the findings of the mid-2011 emergency food security assessment (EFSA): LRA attacks have left displaced persons and returnees in Dungu and Faradje territories of Haut-Uélé and in Ango and Bondo territories of Bas-Uélé.

29. Projected beneficiary numbers consider the access constraints caused by insecurity, delivery capacity and availability of appropriate partners in target areas. For food-for-work (FFW) activities, beneficiary numbers take into account availability of household labour. Overall, WFP will target over half of all food-insecure households - 45 percent through GFD and 6 percent through FFW – whilst closely monitoring for opportunities to reach vulnerable households currently outside the reach of WFP and its partners when conditions allow. Activities include general food distributions, targeted supplementary feeding, emergency school feeding, and food for work, as described below:

30. General food distributions (GFD): Newly displaced people11 returnees, refugees, repatriating refugees from neighbouring countries, victims of sexual and gender-based violence, and severely food-insecure people amongst host communities will be targeted under this activity. WFP has developed a tool to identify severely and moderately food-insecure vulnerable households that considers exposure to shocks, assets, coping strategies, and food consumption. IDPs and host communities, government authorities, and NGOs will be involved in the registration of IDPs and returnees, and the identification of vulnerable and food-insecure households.

31. Targeted supplementary feeding (TSF): This will support malnourished children and

malnourished pregnant and lactating women (PLW). TSF will be implemented through existing health centres and is provided to identified individuals in addition to the family GFD ration. In line with national guidelines, the assistance will be provided for 90 days to moderately malnourished children 6-59 months old, while for malnourished PLW the rations will be provided for up to six months after delivery and is, in practice, for an average of nine months. Given existing access, delivery, and capacity constraints, the coverage is expected to reach 60 percent of the estimated population of malnourished children and PLW.

11 Newly displaced IDPs have been displaced for less than three months.

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32. Emergency school feeding (ESF): the provision of school meals will ensure regular food consumption among school-age children in newly displaced and recent returnees’ households, and will promote access to education for children whose learning has been disrupted by the long-lasting insecurity and displacement. This safety-net will contribute to stabilizing newly displaced and recent returnees in identified safe areas, allowing households to focus on protecting and rebuilding their livelihoods. Since the opportunity costs of sending children to school are much higher for IDP and returnee households, synergies with the GFD and FFW components will be sought to support these particular groups as they re-settle and re-establish livelihoods: 35 percent of children under this activity will be from families receiving GFD. The nutritious school meals are also expected to reduce micronutrient deficiencies among children from food-insecure households.

33. Food for Work (FFW): The objective of FFW is to provide a food transfer to offset seasonal hunger, improve access to food by repairing key community infrastructure, protect livelihoods, and support return and reintegration. FFW activities will be scheduled throughout the year, and, taking into consideration the agricultural calendar, will be implemented at a lower level between March-September when agricultural labour needs are at their highest. Each participant will work for 26 days, which can be spread over a 2-3 month period where required. Activities will be limited to small-scale short-term community-based projects (road rehabilitation, land reclamation, agricultural community work) requiring minimal technical supervision and machinery. FFW activities should permit strengthening and establishing livelihoods, through community asset-building that improves household income and diet diversification. Families will both build resilience and reduce exposure to risk by complementing subsistence farming with activities that increase family food intake, such as kitchen gardens. Apart from small-scale irrigation and land preparation works, displaced communities in camp-like settings will work on water and sanitation activities. FFW is targeted to moderately food-insecure households without labour constraints that have previously been affected by displacement and violence. Men and women from IDP and host communities, government authorities and NGOs will be involved in identifying community priorities, project needs, and beneficiary selection.

TABLE 1. BENEFICIARIES BY ACTIVITY TYPE

Activity Male Female Total

General food distribution � IDPs and returnees � Host population � Repatriates (Congolese refugees from South

Sudan): Haut-Uélé � Refugees (Central Africa Republic): Bas-Uélé � Victims of sexual and gender-based violence

30 120 3 240 1 000

400 20

45 180 4 860 1 500

600

1 180

75 300 8 100 2 500

1 000 1 200

Targeted supplementary feeding � Moderate malnourished children aged 6-59

months � Malnourished PLW

1 320

1 380

720

2 700

720

Emergency school feeding � School children

12 950

12 050

25 000

Food for work* 6 810

7 090

13 900

Adjusted total** 50 900 67 300 118 200

* Under FFW, WFP will provide an individual ration to each participant. **The total number of beneficiaries has been adjusted to avoid double-counting beneficiaries assisted under more than one activity: families of all beneficiaries enrolled in TSF programmes will receive GFD, as will families of 35 percent of children under ESF; some may also be targeted under FFW.

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���� � ������ ����� � �������� � ���34. Daily rations and nutritional values take into account food preferences and the nutritional

requirements of the targeted populations (see Table 2). For GFD, FFW and ESF, the food basket will include fortified maize meal, pulses, vegetable oil, and iodized salt.

35. The ration for malnourished PLW will consist of Supercereal, vegetable oil, and sugar. Moderately malnourished children will receive Plumpy’sup® as a treatment.

36. To counter micronutrient deficiencies, WFP will ensure that all rations include fortified food, iodized salt and vitamin A-enriched vegetable oil.

TABLE 2: DAILY FOOD RATION BY ACTIVITY

Commodity type GFD TSF Children 6-59 months

TSF - PLW ESF FFW

Fortified maize meal 400 - - 120 400 Pulses 120 - - 30 120 Vegetable oil 30 - 25 10 30 Iodized salt 5 - - 5 5 Supercereal - - 250 - - Sugar - - 20 - - Plumpy’sup® - 92 - - - Total 555 92 295 165 555 Total kcal/day 2 115 500 1 301 623 2 115 % kcal from protein 12 10 14 10 11 %kcal from fat 16 56 30 16 14 Number of feeding days

180 / 270 / 365 days*

90 days 270 days 220 days 26 days

* Duration of GFD depends on target groups: refugees will be supported throughout the year, households identified as “severely food insecure” will receive rations for nine months (excluding months following the harvest), IDPs and returnees will be supported for six months.

37. An estimated 14,509 mt of food commodities will be required to assist 118,200 people in Haut-Uélé and Bas-Uélé districts (summarized in Table 3 with costs shown in Annex IB). While cash or voucher transfers could have certain advantages, and are being utilized and scaled-up by WFP in other in other parts of DRC, both capacity and market constraints prevent their immediate use in Uélé districts. WFP will conduct a further feasibility study on cash and voucher transfers in these areas and if these approaches are found to be viable, cash and vouchers may be introduced in the second half of 2012.

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TABLE 3 : FOOD REQUIREMENTS BY ACTIVITY (mt)

Commodity type GFD TSF Children

6-59 months TSF - PLW ESF12 FFW Total

Fortified maize meal 7 660 - - 586 2 170 10 417

Pulses 2 298 - - 151 651 3 100

Vegetable oil 575 - 3 49 163 789

Iodized salt 96 - - 23 27 146

Supercereal - - 32 - - 32

Sugar - - 3 - - 3

Plumpy’sup® - 22 - - - 22

Total 10 629 22 38 809 3 011 14 509

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38. WFP will implement this operation in collaboration with international and national NGOs, community-based organisations, government counterparts and other United Nations agencies, in line with existing coordination mechanisms. Field-level agreements will be signed with NGOs present in the area, including Danish Refugee Council, Samaritan's Purse, Caritas, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cooperazione e Sviluppo, which will include provisions for gender and protection. WFP will be responsible for mobilizing food and delivering commodities to specified extended delivery points. WFP will continue to undertake regular cooperating partner capacity assessments before the approval and renewal of partnership agreements.

39. Cooperating partner responsibilities include beneficiary verification, food distribution and

monitoring, distribution reporting and statistics, and monthly food utilization (post-distribution) monitoring. WFP will enhance partners’ operational capacities with complementary inputs and training. Additionally, partners will be responsible to seek convergence between the activities they wish to undertake in collaboration with WFP and other projects they are implementing in the Uélé districts, including those financed through pooled funding.

40. Currently, there are two sub-offices in Ango and Dungu covering Haut-Uélé and Bas-

Uélé districts respectively, ensuring the day-to-day implementation of the EMOP. The sub-offices fall under the supervision of the WFP area office located in Bunia, and the technical and normative guidance and support of the WFP country office in Kinshasa.

41. An operational plan and standard operating procedures will serve as guidelines for the implementation of the different activities in the EMOP. Specific guidance and training

12The requirements include food provided for school teachers and cooks: teachers will be entitled to the same ration as for children, taking into account the irregular payment of teachers’ salary and the high level of poverty and food insecurity; cooks will be provided three rations each, as an incentive given the low capacity of the communities to provide in-kind and service contributions.

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materials developed by the country office are available for the implementation of FFW, nutrition and school feeding activities.

42. The participation of communities in activity design, food distribution, and local project management remains of key importance for WFP, particularly in view of protection concerns and the ‘do no harm’ principle. A community-based planning approach also stimulates better ownership of activities. The involvement of parent-teacher associations, school officials, pupils’ representatives, and district education authorities will be promoted under the school feeding activity.

43. WFP will continue to ensure the full and equal participation of women in food management committees for GFD and FFW activities, in line with WFP’s gender policy.13 Together with cooperating partners, WFP will also continue to ensure that women are the food entitlement holders, and that special attention is given to women’s participation in food distribution committees, with proactive monitoring ensuring that they are not put at additional risk of abuse or violence as a result of the policy.

44. Local and regional purchases are the preferred food procurement modalities: they provide a relatively shorter lead-time given the distances of the Mombasa/Kampala corridors used for commodities arriving by ship. WFP’s purchase decisions will take into account price parity and delivery times to ensure the optimal utilization of funds.

45. WFP began utilizing a commercial fleet for internal transport in the Uélé districts in April 2011, and plans to progressively expand its deployment.14 In the event that commercial transport is inadequate, WFP maintains a fleet in Dungu as a contingency measure. Commercial transporters are increasingly adapting to the very poor road conditions, and are now able to provide more reliable and adequate capacity.

46. In Dungu, insecurity prevents storage by partners so food has to be trucked in by large fleets to meet requirements at distribution points. While a number of large transporters are already in place, more time is needed to ensure sustainability of commercial transport in such locations. WFP has undertaken a comprehensive review to ensure timely and cost-effective deliveries with commercial transporters, based on updated road accessibility assessments.

47. Airlifting of humanitarian consignments to the Uélé districts is not envisaged unless insecurity on roads increases significantly. WFP shall continue using the hubs in Koboko and Kampala to restock the sites in DRC, using the South Sudan and DRC borders (Koboko-Yei-Aba) where cargo clearance processes at border points have been simplified. Storage facilities managed by Samaritan’s Purse in Faradje (Haut-Uélé) will remain, but storage capacity assessments of cooperating partners in other locations (e.g. Doruma/Gangala in Haut-Uélé) are planned. Cost savings associated with handling services are reflected in this operation’s landside transport, storage and handling matrix. The operation will use the Kampala-based logistics intervention fleet if necessary (WFP special operation 200345).

13 WFP Gender Policy: Promoting Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women in Addressing Food and Nutrition Challenges. WFP/EB.1/2009/5-A/Rev. 14 The transport allocation for food is currently 65 percent for commercial transporters, and the remaining covered by a WFP fleet managed by the Swedish Civil Emergency Agency.

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������������ �� ����48. Participatory monitoring approaches will be used in all phases of the project cycle of this

EMOP. To strengthen data collection, analysis and reporting, the collection and triangulation of data from different sources will be undertaken by WFP and cooperating partner staff. In areas inaccessible to WFP staff, cooperating partners will continue to play a vital role in collecting and sharing data with WFP.

49. A results-based management and monitoring system developed by the country office provides the benchmark for the EMOP performance monitoring. A new electronic data collection system available throughout target provinces aims to reduce reporting delays, data collection costs, and data losses. This will increase performance and data integrity, improve monitoring and decision making, and enhance reporting.

50. A mid-year review of this operation will strengthen implementation and delivery.

�����0��� ���������51. The provincial Government has insufficient capacity to manage an emergency operation

of this scale and has limited access to most intervention areas. Neither cash nor in-kind contributions could be provided by the DRC Government for WFP’s previous two EMOPs, and government contributions are not foreseen under this operation. However, WFP has initiated collaboration with the PRONANUT and the local education office to implement and monitor the supplementary and school feeding activities. Where possible, WFP will strengthen project management capacity.

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Hazard and Risk Assessment 44. This EMOP faces different levels of risks:

� Contextual - the risk of state failure, return to conflict and humanitarian crisis. � Programmatic - the risk of failure to achieve programme aims and objectives due to

inadequate capacities of cooperating partners, and risk of causing harm through interventions.

� Institutional – risk to WFP (security, fiduciary failure, reputation loss).

45. To prepare for and mitigate contextual risks, WFP will continue to review and update its emergency preparedness and response planning, together with its partners. Local responses lingering from the 2011 presidential elections could aggravate existing tensions and contribute to a further deterioration of security, for example, between the Mbororo15 and the FARDC in Haut-Uélé.

46. Programme risks will be mitigated by strengthening assessment, targeting and monitoring capacity through enhanced technical support, compliancy visits, and the new electronic monitoring and evaluation system. WFP will continue to incorporate gender, do-no-harm

15 Mbororo are a subgroup of the Fulani ethnic group. They are traditionally nomadic cattle-herders and traders.

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and protection issues into assessment, planning and monitoring tools and will enforce its corporate gender policy. Institutional risks will be addressed through close attention to internal controls including security (see “Security Considerations” below). The assumptions and risks for outcomes and outputs of the EMOP are set out in the logical framework summary (Annex II).

Preparedness Planning

47. WFP contingency and preparedness plans for the Uélé districts (initially focusing on population movements resulting from the political transition in South Sudan) will be updated and kept in line with the provincial inter-agency contingency plan. WFP would undertake a budget revision of this EMOP for any additional requirements beyond current planned resources.

���� ����� ����� � ��48. Ango and Dungu territories are classified as security level four (‘Substantial’) and some

roads are still classified as “red” or unsafe.

49. In Ango, there is no MONUSCO and United Nations Department of Safety and Security (UNDSS) presence, with the consequences that there is no 24-hour, seven days per week radio room coverage and WFP missions cannot travel beyond 5 kilometres of Ango due to lack of escorts. WFP is the only United Nations agency based in Bas-Uélé district.16

50. In Dungu, the availability of MONUSCO escorts means WFP has greater capacity, although scheduling conflicts cause occasional delays. In case of staff evacuation, and for staff security and safety, UNDSS operates a 24 hour seven days per week radio room in Dungu. There are two very small aperture terminal (VSAT) systems, one established by OCHA at the Dungu inter-agency base and the other at the WFP logistics base. WFP has established a radio room that will be operational in early 2012.

51. Air Transport in and out of Dungu is regular with MONUSCO, United Nations Humanitarian Aviation Services, Aviation sans Frontières- France (ASF-F) and ECHO. In Ango, only twice-weekly ASF-F flights exist.

52. Measures are being taken to ensure that all WFP facilities are compliant with minimum operating (residential) security standards. Additional security-related equipment has been budgeted for under this EMOP to mitigate the security risks for WFP and partner staff in Dungu, given the security situation there.

16 WFP has recently been notified by OCHA and UNDP of their plans to position staff in Ango.

14

���������� ���

The Executive Director of WFP and the Director-General of FAO are requested to approve the proposed emergency operation 200362 for the Democratic Republic of Congo.

��0����

………………………… …………………………….

Josette Sheeran José Graziano da Silva Executive Director, WFP Director-General, FAO United Nations World Food Programme Food and Agriculture Organization of the

United Nations

Date: … … … … … … … Date:………………………

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ANNEX I-A

PROJECT COST BREAKDOWN

Food17 Quantity (mt)

Value (US$)

Value (US$)

Cereals 10,417 4,696,582

Pulses 3,100 1,589,120

Oil and fats 789 1,161,920

Mixed and blended food 54 84,940

Others 149 18,300

Total food 14,509 7,550,862

Cash transfers

Voucher transfers

Subtotal food and transfers 7,550,862

External transport 1,802,023

Landside transport, storage and handling 9,130,327

Other direct operational costs 2,802,821

Direct support costs18 (see Annex I-B) 3,137,816

Total WFP direct costs 24,423,850

Indirect support costs (7.0 percent)19 1,709,669

TOTAL WFP COSTS 26,133,519

`

17 This is a notional food basket for budgeting and approval. The contents may vary.

18 Indicative figure for information purposes. The direct support costs allotment is reviewed annually. 19 The indirect support cost rate may be amended by the Board during the project.

16

ANNEX I-B

DIRECT SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS (US$) Staff and staff-related costs

International professional staff 1,613,940

International general service staff 0

Local staff - national officers 47,746

Local staff - general service 0

Local staff - temporary assistance 411,730

Local staff – overtime 10,000

Hazard pay and hardship allowance 126,000

International consultants 100,000

Local consultants 0

United Nations volunteers 0

Commercial consultancy services 0

Staff duty travel 330,000

Subtotal 2,639,416

Recurring expenses

Rental of facility 0

Utilities 60,000

Office supplies and other consumables 10,800

Communications services 65,000

Equipment repair and maintenance 6,000

Vehicle running costs and maintenance 90,000

Office set-up and repairs 21,000

United Nations organization services 35,000

Subtotal 287,800

Equipment and capital costs

Vehicle leasing 81,600

Communications equipment 50,000

Local security costs 79,000

Subtotal 210,600

TOTAL DIRECT SUPPORT COSTS 3,137,816

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ANNEX II - LOGICAL FRAMEWORK SUMMARY: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO EMOP 200362Results Performance indicators Risks, assumptions

Strategic Objective 1 : SAVE LIVES AND PROTECT LIVELIHOODS IN EMERGENCIESGoals1. To save lives in emergencies and reduce acute malnutrition caused by shocks to below emergency levels2. To protect livelihoods and enhance self-reliance in emergencies and early recoveryOutcome 1.1Reduced acute malnutrition in children 6-59 months in targeted,emergency-affected populations

• Prevalence of acute malnutrition among children 6-59months (Weight-for-height as percent) Target:reduction in acute malnutrition prevalence achievedamong children 6-59 months for 80 percent of targetedpopulations

• Supplementary feeding performance indicators:recovery rate >75 percent, defaulter rate <15 percent,death rate <3 percent, non-response rate <5 percentTarget: 80 percent of targeted populations

Assumption: Complementarity: partnersfocus on other causes of malnutrition

Output 1.1Food and non-food items distributed in sufficient quantity andquality to targeted women, men, girls and boys under secureconditions

• Number of women, men, girls and boys receiving foodand non-food items, by category and as percent ofplanned figures

• Number of supplementary nutrition units assisted• Tonnage of food distributed, by type, as percent of

planned distribution• Quantity of fortified foods, complementary foods and

special nutritional products distributed, by type, aspercentage of planned distribution

Assumption: Availability of requiredcommodities and security conditionsallow access to sites for distributions

Assumption: Presence of cooperatingpartners with adequate capacities

Outcome 1.2Improved food consumption over assistance period for targetedemergency-affected households • Household food consumption score. Target: score

exceeds 28 for 80 percent of targeted households

Risk: Accessibility of targeted zones

Risk: Pipeline breaks

Assumption: Funding available forsurveys and assessments

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Results Performance indicators Risks, assumptionsOutput 1.2Food and non-food items distributed in sufficient quantity andquality to targeted women, men, girls and boys under secureconditions

• Number of women, men, girls and boys receiving foodand non-food items, by category and as percentage ofplanned figures

• Tonnage of food distributed, by type, as percentage ofplanned distribution

• Quantity of fortified foods, complementary foods andspecial nutritional products distributed, by type, aspercentage of planned distribution

• Number of community assets created or restored bytargeted communities and individuals, by type and unitof measure

Assumption: Availability of requiredcommodities and security conditionsallow access to sites for distributions

Assumption: Presence of cooperatingpartners with adequate capacities

Outcome 1.3Enrolment of girls and boys, including IDPs and refugees, inassisted schools stabilized at pre-crisis levels

• Retention rate Target: retention rate met for 70 percentof sampled schools)

Risk: Security situation

Risk: Pipeline breaks

Assumption: School infrastructureuseable, teacher presence, Schoolaccessories present and used

Output 1.3Food and non-food items distributed in sufficient quantity andquality to targeted women, men, girls and boys under secureconditions

• Number of women, men, girls and boys receiving foodand non-food items, by category and as percentage ofplanned figures

• Tonnage of food distributed, by type, as percentage ofplanned distribution

• Number of schools assisted

Assumption: Availability of requiredcommodities and security conditionsallow access to sites for distributions

19

20

����/� �� � ���������� ��ACF Action Contre la Faim AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome ASF-F Aviation sans Frontières - France DRC Democratic Republic of Congo ECHO Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department of the European

Commission EFSA emergency food security assessment EMOP emergency operation ESF emergency school feeding FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations FARDC Forces Armées de la République du Congo (National Army) FFW food-for-work GAM global acute malnutrition GFD general food distribution HAP Humanitarian Action Plan HIV human immunodeficiency virus IDPs internally displaced persons LRA Lords’ Resistance Army MERITS Monitoring Evaluation and Reporting in Time Solution MONUSCO United Nations Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo; (Peacekeeping Mission) NGO non-governmental organisation OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs PLW pregnant and lactating women PRONANUT Programme Nationale de Nutrition (national programme for nutrition) PRRO protracted relief and recovery operation TSF targeted supplementary feeding UNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security UNHCR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund VSAT very small aperture terminal WFP United Nations World Food Programme

21

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Annex IV – MAP