EMSO European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory

Symposium on transatlantic EU-U.S. cooperation in the field of large scale research infrastructures - 1st October 2010 CNR, Rome, Italy

EMSOEMSOEuropean Multidisciplinary European Multidisciplinary

Seafloor ObservatorySeafloor Observatory

Paolo FavaliPaolo Favali

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy

http://www. emso-eu.org/


EMSOEMSO, a Research Infrastructure of the ESFRI Roadmap, is the European network of fixed seafloor and water column observatories constituting a distributed infrastructure for long-term (mainly) real-time monitoring of environmental processes

In the EC-FP7 EMSO Preparatory PhaseEMSO Preparatory Phase (12 countries) started in April 2008 for 4 years with the aim to design and create the legal entity in charge of the infrastructure

N

GBIR

S

DF

IP E

NL

GRTU


EMSO isEMSO isA European distributed marine Research Infrastructure: A European distributed marine Research Infrastructure: permanent, large-scale, deep-sea laboratory to address permanent, large-scale, deep-sea laboratory to address the key issuesthe key issues

Marine Ecosystems Marine Ecosystems

Climate Change Climate Change

Geo-HazardsGeo-Hazards


Features and types of Fixed ObservatoriesFeatures and types of Fixed Observatories

Unmanned, multi-sensor platforms to make measurements from above the air-sea interface to below the seafloor, and with different configurations related to the communications:

1)1) Stand-alone and delayed mode observatoriesStand-alone and delayed mode observatories

2) 2) Mooring and seafloor observatories with Mooring and seafloor observatories with acoustic acoustic or cabled capabilitiesor cabled capabilities


Mooring with satellite

communications Cabled configuration

NRC, 2003

Source “Implementation Strategies for ESONET and EMSO Appendix A”, 2009


• multiparametric long-term (years) multiparametric long-term (years) time-seriestime-series

• seabed and water column seabed and water column measurements measurements

• common set of sensors for basic common set of sensors for basic measurements and further sensors measurements and further sensors for specific purposesfor specific purposes

Observatory Observatory MeasurementsMeasurements

• Seismic ground motion• Gravity• Magnetism• Geodesy and seafloor deformation • Fluid related processes monitoring• Chemical and Aqueous Transport (CAT) • Pore pressure• Gas hydrate monitoring• Dissolved Fe, Mn and sulfide species• Acoustic tomography• CTD equipment for hydrothermal vents• Methane• Carbon dioxide• Heat Flow

• Nutrient analyzers • pH, Eh and alkalinity• hydrocarbon fluorescence• In situ Mass spectrometer• Particle flux trap• Image based particle flux• Pigment fluorescence• Deep biosphere sensors• Time-Lapse Cameras• Holographic imaging• Video• Passive acoustics• Active acoustics• Zooplankton sampling• In situ sample processors with molecular/ genetic probes• In situ respiration


Unravelling the complexity: interactions Unravelling the complexity: interactions between atmosphere, ocean, earth processesbetween atmosphere, ocean, earth processes

Ruhl et al., 2010 (submitted)


Sustained observations are essential at a sufficiently high frequency to explore the time changing properties of the oceanic environment

Investigation of the complex interrelations between processes and properties from the top of the ocean to the seabed beneath:

- Short-time scales (minutes, hours to days)

- Longer-time scales (annual to decadal)

EMSO Mission EMSO Mission is to address the following needs:is to address the following needs:


Open Access ModalityOpen Access Modality

The EMSO real time or near-real time data will be The EMSO real time or near-real time data will be available through internet to scientists and they will run available through internet to scientists and they will run their experiments remotelytheir experiments remotely

Open Access (data, facilities and personnel) does not Open Access (data, facilities and personnel) does not mean unrestricted and unlimited accessmean unrestricted and unlimited access

Access rules will be defined and will depend on:Access rules will be defined and will depend on:• Country involvement in the RICountry involvement in the RI• Profile of the user (scientist, industry or others)Profile of the user (scientist, industry or others)


e-Infrastructures for data management, e-Infrastructures for data management, communication and decision makingcommunication and decision making

Real-time and near-real-time data require appropriate storage, data quality assessment and processing/modelling addressable through e-infrastructures

Web-based platform for data and instrumentation remote access


History of European Observatory InitiativesHistory of European Observatory Initiatives

- Feasibility studies: ABEL, DECIBEL (FP3, 1990-1993)- GEOSTAR 1 & 2 (FP4, 1995-2001)- NEMO-SN1 (Italian funds & FP6, 2000-ongoing)- ASSEM (FP5, 2002-2004) - ESONET CA (FP5, 2002-2004) - ORION-GEOSTAR-3 (FP5, 2002-2005)- ESONIM (FP6, 2004-2007)- EXOCET/D (FP6, 2004-2007)- NEAREST (FP6, 2006-2010)- ESONET NoE (FP6, 2007-2011)- EUROSITES (FP7, 2008-2010)- HYPOX (FP7, 2009-2011) - EMSO Preparatory Phase (FP7, 2008-2012)


SN4

GMM

SN3

SN1

GEOSTAR

MABEL (SN2)

PlatformPlatform

Overall Overall dimensions dimensions

(m)(m)(L x W x H)(L x W x H)

Weight Weight (kN)(kN)

(in air)(in air)

Weight Weight (kN)(kN)

(in water)(in water)

Depth Depth rated (m)rated (m)

GEOSTAR 3.50 x 3.50 x 3.30

25.4 14.2 4000

SN1 2.90 x 2.90 x 2.90

14.0 8.5 4000

SN3 2.90 x 2.90 x 2.90

14.0 8.5 4000

SN4 2.00 x 2.00 x 2.00

6.6 3.4 1000

GMM 1.50 x 1.50 x 1.50

1.5 0.7 1000

MABEL (SN2)

2.90 x 2.90 x 2.90

14.0 8.5 4000

GEOSTAR-class SEAFLOOR OBSERVATORIES

Favali et al., 2006b; Favali & Beranzoli, 2006; 2009b


The ongoing ESONET Demonstration Missions (DMs) and S&T activities progress towards “permanent” installations

Mainly:

Geo-Hazards

Climate change & Ecosystem

LIDO-DMLIDO-DM

MARMARA-DMMARMARA-DMMODOO-DMMODOO-DM

LOOME-DMLOOME-DM

AOEM-DMAOEM-DM

MOMAR-DMMOMAR-DM

The EMSO EMSO nodes are located in the ESONET key sites


SN4 locationSN4 locationeastern part of the

sea at the westernmost end of

the fault rupture caused by the 1999 Izmit earthquake.

Main goals: Relationship between Seismicity & Gas seepage

Marmara SeaMarmara Sea

EC-ESONET-MARMARA-DM EC-ESONET-MARMARA-DM (exp. Sept’09-ongoing)(exp. Sept’09-ongoing)

Partners: Turkey, Italy, FrancePartners: Turkey, Italy, France


Iberian Margin Iberian Margin Acoustically linked observatoryAcoustically linked observatory

GEOSTARGEOSTAR

Gulf of Cadiz 85 km off-shore 3200 m w.d.

Portugal

N-E A

tlantic

Main goals: Geo-Hazards & Bio-acoustics R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa

MODUSMODUS

GEOSTARGEOSTAR

SISM

ACC

ML=4.7 Gulf of Cadiz (Jan.11, 2008)

EC-NEAREST (exp. Aug.’07-Aug.’08)EC-NEAREST (exp. Aug.’07-Aug.’08)EC-ESONET-LIDO-DM (exp. Nov’09-ongoing)EC-ESONET-LIDO-DM (exp. Nov’09-ongoing)

Partners: Portugal, Spain, Partners: Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany, France, Italy, Germany, France,

MoroccoMorocco


Optical sensors

Electronic vessels

Western Ionian SeaWestern Ionian SeaThe 1st cabled prototype node (from 2005)

Synergy between the 2 ESFRIESFRI infrastructures: KM3NeT KM3NeT andand EMSO EMSO

East Sicily (Western Ionian Sea)

2005 Real-time data transmission2008 Recovery for refurbishment2010 Re-deployment (ESONET-LIDO-DM)

Main goals: Geo-Hazards & Bio-acoustics, Test site for Neutrino Telescope

Partners: Italy, Portugal, Partners: Italy, Portugal, Spain, Germany, FranceSpain, Germany, France


Running S&T activities

Test sites (shallow water)

Permanent infrastructures

Status of the nodes Status of the nodes


INGVINGV - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy)Co-ordinatorCo-ordinator

ITUITU - Istanbul Teknik Universitesi (Turkey)

IFREMERIFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l’exploitation de la MER (France)

UiTUiT - University of Tromsø (Norway)

NOCSNOCS - National Oceanography Centre Southampton (United Kingdom)

HCMRHCMR - Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (Greece)

KDMKDM - Konsortium Deutsche Meeresforschung e.V. (Germany)

IMIIMI - Irish Marine Institute (Ireland)

NIOZNIOZ - Stichting Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Zeeonderzoek (The Netherlands)

UGOTUGOT - Goteborgs Universitet (Sweden)

UTM-CSIC - Unidad de Tecnologia Marina - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (Spain)

FFCULFFCUL - Fundação da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal)

EMSO-Preparatory Phase PartnershipEMSO-Preparatory Phase Partnership


Governance StructureGovernance StructureERIC Statute in preparationERIC Statute in preparation

GOVERNING BODIES

• Assembly of Members - AoM

• Director General - DG

• Finance Committee - FC

• Scientific Advisory Committee - SAC

ORGANISATION

• Executive Board - EB

• Network Control Department - NCD

• Regional Departments - RDs


Key elementsKey elements

EMSO will have:EMSO will have: CentralCentral

co-ordination co-ordination RegionalRegional

DepartmentsDepartments

Arctic

Iberian margin

MarmaraSea

LigurianSea

W. IonianSea

HellenicArc

Secretariat(Italy)

…RDs…


Design of a funding planDesign of a funding plan

ResearchInfrastructure

Member States

European Commission

Other Stakeholders

(e.g., Industry)

EIB

Funding through national programmes

Funding through RTD programmes or inclusion in DG-REGIO/DG-DEV strategic plans

Loans

Up to 50% of project costs


20112010 2012 2016-20202013-2015

EMSO Implementation PlanEMSO Implementation Plan


EMSO and the SocietyEMSO and the Society


Benefits Benefits for the Scientific Communityfor the Scientific Community

EMSOEMSO brings about a breakthrough on:

Geo-hazard warning Environmental policies Understanding the climate impacts and the anthropo- genic forcing High-level training and education of researchers, engi- neers and technicians Knowledge and technology transfer Interaction with industry


Innovation: knowledge Innovation: knowledge spin-out processspin-out process


Interactions with stakeholders Interactions with stakeholders

Great potential to have a large number of users outside the Scientific Community

Civil Protection (e.g., tsunami early warning, disaster management)

Governmental environmental monitoring organisations

Operational oceanography Fisheries management


Links with IndustryLinks with Industry

Involvement of the Industry (large and SMEs) within EMSOEMSO is at multiple level

As RI component developer/supplier and service provider• Sensors, acquisition systems, cables, software, etc...

• Ship-time

As user• Existing involvement: Oil companies

• Potential: biotechnology, materials technology, others…


The Level of ServicesThe Level of Services

Hosting scientific experiments• Technical Assistance

• Power supply and data transmission (e.g., junction boxes)

• Logistics (e.g., ships, underwater vehicles)

Test beds for• Validation of prototype of underwater sensors

• Validation of new devices for underwater applications

• Materials in corrosive ambient and lasting high pressure

Service to other sites• Sites different from the initial EMSO sites of interest of

stakeholders (e.g., oil & gas companies)


A different approach to education A different approach to education about the role of the oceansabout the role of the oceans

• Education and recreational activities Education and recreational activities (aquaria, etc…): real-time images (aquaria, etc…): real-time images

from the abyssfrom the abyss

(courtesy of J. Delaney, OOI)


Benefits for the SocietyBenefits for the Society

• Natural hazard mitigation

• Understanding climate changes

• Marine environment preservation and sustainable development

• Strong impact on SMEs in marine technologies

• Impact on education and job creation opportunities


SIOS

EMSO complementary/synergic interactions with other ESFRI ESFRI Infrastructures


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EMSO

NEPTUNE (Canada)

DONET (Japan)

MACHO (Taiwan)

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MARS(USA)

VENUS(Canada)

OOI(USA)

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Long-Term, Real-TimeCabled Observatories


Tim CowlesTim Cowles OCEANLEADERSHIP/OOI OCEANLEADERSHIP/OOI

Martin Taylor Martin Taylor Ocean Network Canada Ocean Network Canada

Yoshiyuki KanedaYoshiyuki Kaneda

JAMSTEC (DONET)JAMSTEC (DONET)

Eeva Ikonen ()Eeva Ikonen () ESFRI TWG ENV ChairESFRI TWG ENV Chair

Heinz Olbers (as observer)Heinz Olbers (as observer) European Investment Bank European Investment Bank

Ingunn Nilssen Ingunn Nilssen Statoil Statoil

Emilio Migneco Emilio Migneco INFN - KM3net coordinator INFN - KM3net coordinator

Georg Heinrich Hansen Georg Heinrich Hansen NRC - SIOS CoordinatorNRC - SIOS Coordinator

Advisory BoardAdvisory Board


Integrate and enhance the existing infrastructures

Expand the observations in critical, representative locations in particular environments

The overall vision is to develop a global system of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sustained observatory networks

VisionVision


Arctic

Norwegian Margin

Nordic Sea

Porcupine Abyssal

Plain

AzoresIslands

Iberian Margin

Ligurian Sea

Western Ionian Sea

HellenicArc

Black Sea

Marmara Sea

Thank you Thank you for your attention for your attention

Paolo Favali Paolo Favali EMSO-PP Co-ordinatorEMSO-PP Co-ordinator

[email protected]@ingv.it

http://www. emso-eu.org/

Documents

EMSO European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory