ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA

INTRODUCTION

• 7% of all invasive carcinomas in women

• Most common invasive cancer of the female genital tract.

• arise mainly in postmenopausal women 55- to 65-year-old

• Clinicopathologic studies and molecular analyses support the classification of endometrial carcinoma into two broad categories, referred to as type I and type II

ETIOLOGY• The exact cause of endometrial cancer remain

unclear.• However, there is clear association with high

circulating levels of oestrogen.• In post-menopausal women, conversion of

androgens to oestrogen occurs in adipose tissue,there is also interaction with insulin-like growth factor and insulin. Hence, endometrial cancer is more common in diabetic patient.

RISK FACTORS• OBESITY• DIABETES, HYPERTENSION,HYPERTHYROIDISM• NULLIPAROUS• LATE MENOPAUSE• UNOPPOSED OESTROGEN THERAPY• TAMOXIFEN THERAPY• HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY• FAMILY HISTORY OF COLORECTAL OR OVARIAN

CANCER• ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA WITH ATYPIA

CLINICAL FEATURES

• Irregular vaginal bleeding and postmenopausal bleeding (PMB)

• Intermenstrual bleeding (IMB)• Blood-stained vaginal discharge• Heavy menstrual bleeding• Lower abdominal pain or dyspareunia