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Energy, Environment and Social Change
INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, NORWAY 2018
Course ISS SUM 4180
Course Leader: Chris Butters Course Secretary: MeeNilankco Theiventhran
Contacts: [email protected] mobile +47 9936 0976 [email protected] mobile +47 41325123 SUM: Center for Development and the Environment P.O.Box 1116 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway. Phone: +47 2285 8900
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Week 1 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic Lecturer
June 25 Monday
09.00-09.20 09.20-10.00 10.20-11.20 11.30-12:30
Welcome to SUM, the Centre for Development and the Environment at Oslo University Introduction of participants and staff. Course program overview; practical info; expectations Sustainable development: concept, history, the SDGs Norway, energy and environment. Discussion
Sidsel Roalkvam Chris Butters /Participants Chris Butters Chris Butters
June 26 Tuesday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
The impact of electrification in rural Zanzibar; social and environmental aspects Electricity, gender and development Energy in development; overview of case studies Discussion
Tanja Winther Tanja Winther Tanja Winther All
June 27 Wedn’day
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Climate science: Overview, status. Climate: temperature changes and extreme weather events, issues, uncertainties Climate policy: Paris Agreement, policy instruments Discussion
Steffen Kallbekken Steffen Kallbekken Steffen Kallbekken All
June 28 Thursday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30 14.30-16.30
The local level. Ecology, economy, society; success stories, sustainable communities and municipalities. Towards Low Carbon Society: Challenges in Clean Energy Transition How do we evaluate Sustainability? Holistic methods; The Sustainability Value Map Discussion Participant presentations 1 (max 8-10 min each)
Chris Butters MeeNilankco Theiventhran Chris Butters All Participants 1-7
June 29 Friday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30 14.30-16.30
Renewable Energy Technologies: sources, global scenarios, trends, supply side challenges Sustainable Buildings Ecodesign and Green Architecture: status, principles and solutions in different climates Discussion Participant presentations 2
Chris Butters Chris Butters Chris Butters All Participants 8-14
How do we Evaluate Sustainability? The Sustainability Value Map / Chris Butters Ecology, Economy, Community: … costs versus values? This tool includes all three aspects, both quantities and qualities, in the evaluation.
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Week 2 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic Lecturer
July 02
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30 14.30-16.30
Social dimensions of energy use Cultural and anthropological perspectives in energy and development Kerala, India: Socio-cultural change and sustainability Discussion Participant presentations 3
Hal Wilhite Hal Wilhite Hal Wilhite All Participants 15-21
July 03
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Water resources. Ecological issues, water scarcity,
desalination. Treatment and recycling of wastewater
Sustainable engineering, case studies Egypt/Middle East The water/energy/food nexus (WEF) Discussion
Omar Elnady (Egypt) Omar Elnady Omar Elnady All
July 04
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Energy quality and energy end use The North Sea: the development of oil and gas Norway and fossil fuels: achievements, effects, controversies and future perspectives Discussion
Chris Butters Bjørn Vidar Lerøen Bjørn Vidar Lerøen All
July 05
08.30-09-30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30 14.30-1600
Land use, agriculture and changing resource use Life Cycle Analysis (LCA): methodologies, applications, Environmental Impact Assessments, ISO standards etc The National Road Map for Sustainability, Egypt 2030 Discussion Optional afternoon seminar with Omar
Chris Butters Omar Elnady Omar Elnady All Participants/Elnady/CB
July 06
08.30-09.10 09.30-10.40 11.00-11.30 11.40-12.30 14.30-16.30
Sri Lanka: Environmental Cases and Conflicts Development Theory and concepts; Focus on the Emerging Economies Discussion Participant presentations 4 and week summary Optional afternoon seminar with Chris – Green buildings
M. Theiventhran Benedicte Bull Bull/All Participants/CB CB
Renewable Energy Flows in Norway; From a parliament white paper, 1981 (total human consumption: approx. 20GW) A net inflow of warmer air from southern Europe, as well as the warm Gulf Stream, are what keeps Scandinavia from freezing
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Week 3 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic
July 09 Monday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Sustainable Cities Case studies: Tainan Ecocity Masterplan GAIA Internat’l, China and Europe; examples. Cities, energy and equity. Urban warming and District Cooling solutions. Discussion Norway: Hydropower, Industry, regional development: Info and preparations for the field trip
Chris Butters Chris Butters Participants/CB Chris Butters
EXCURSION, July 10-14 The field trip, an integral part of the program, provides perspectives on Norwegian settlement patterns, ecology, energy and resources. It includes mountain, valley and fjord environments. There are visits to sites of energy production, industry, agriculture and sustainability. We have our own bus and driver for the whole trip. All the meals are included and simple, usually shared accommodation. Bring a warm pullover/jacket as well as other supplies you may need – no time for shopping! July 10 July 11 July 12 July 13 July 14
nb early start 08.00 sharp Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
Route: Oslo-Porsgrunn- Telemark- Røldal 1.Norcem Cement Industry: energy, CO2, waste recycling 2.Yara Industries and Fertiliser factory Overnight and dinner: Haukeliseter mountain lodge Route: Setesdal-Stavanger-Jæren 3.Erga Ecological farm and the Centre for Green Living 4.Stavanger: oil and regional development Overnight: Stavanger Bed and Breakfast Route: Stavanger-Kårstø-Etne-Odda 5.Oil and Gas development: visit to the Oil Museum. 6.The North Sea: seminar TBC Tunnel under fjord; dinner + overnight Odda Route: Odda -Eidsfjord-Hardangervidda 7.Boliden Zinc factory and Waste deposit 08.45-11:30 8.Tyssedal Industrial History museum 12:00-12:30 9.Tyssefaldene Hydropower company: 13.30-16.30 Dinner and overnight: Øen Tourist Cottages, Geilo Route: Geilo-Brandbu-Hurdal-Oslo 10.The Energy Centre, Brandbu. Bioenergy. 12:30-15:00 11.Hurdal Ecovillage 16:00-19:00. Return Blindern 20:00
Evening stays:
Haukeliseter Fjellstue Tlf: +47 35062777 Stavanger Bed and Breakfast Tlf: +47 51562500 Dinner: Naree Thai Breigt.22, tlf. 51890510 Hardanger Hotel, Odda Tlf: +47 53646464 Dinner: at Smelt Cafe Tlf. 48603330 Øen Turistsenter, Geilo Tlf: +47 32087060 61336090, 93206156 Dinner: Hurdal?
Norway’s “White Gold”: Rjukan Hydro Power Station – one of the first large scale plants – in Telemark. Monumental architecture – it’s quite like the king’s palace! - shows how very important hydro was felt to be. The modernised power plant is inside the mountain, to the right.
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Week 4 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic Lecturer
July 16 nb! afternoon
14.00-15.00 15.20-16.20 16.30-17.00 17.00-17.30
Materials, indoor environment and Health no Ecological Economics: the growth paradigm and the need for a new paradigm for economics Ecological economics and the environment Discussion
Chris Butters Ove Jakobsen Ove Jakobsen All
July 17
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-12.30 14.30-16.30
Nuclear Energy: principles, reactor types, history: issues, accidents, and future perspectives. Brief notes on thorium and on nuclear fusion. Nuclear: spent fuel and nuclear waste. Discussion Afternoon session, to be planned by participants
Alwin Wiederhold (UK) Alwin Wiederhold Participants/AW/CB Participants/CB (6)
July 18
08.30-09.20 09.40-10.40 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Open for participant inputs Environmental NGOs and their role in Scandinavia. How NGOs influence decisions on climate Global Warming: CO2 capture + storage (CCS) solutions Discussion
Participant inputs Aage Stangeland Aage Stangeland All
July 19
08.30-09.00 09.00-10.00 10.20-11.20 11.30-12.30
Introdiction to Inspera. An Historical Review of Environmental Sustainability. The “Limits to Growth” study, 1972: origins and debate. Conservation or End-use Efficiency vs Energy Saving. The Rebound Effect. Discussion
Participant inputs Jorgen Norgaard Jorgen Norgaard
All
July 20
08.30-09.00 09.00-09.50 10.10-11.00 11.10-12.30 14.00-16.00
Open for participant inputs (TOD/Conrado+Jade) Tools for making future scenarios. The I=P.A.T model Low Impact Future with better Health and Environment? Decoupling, downscaling and degrowth. Equity, Work and Happiness. Discussion Optional Afternoon discussion with JN
Participants Jorgen Norgaard Jorgen Norgaard
All participants/JN/CB
The CO2 Abatement Cost Curve, McKinsey Global Institute 2008. Many options are cost-effective, including efficiency rather than supply side solutions. Some of the renewables are becoming very feasible too
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Week 5 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic Lecturer
July 23 Monday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Global institutions, energy and sustainability. The Strategic role of Energy Efficiency Energy conservation: Appliances, lighting and labelling standards India and Asia case studies Discussion
Ashok Sarkar (India/World Bank) Ashok Sarkar Ashok Sarkar All
July 24 Tuesday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30 14.30-16.30
Sustainable Energy: DSM, ESCOs, Financing. and the key issue of Delivery. International energy policy issues. instruments, barriers and regional differences. Case studies. The SE4all initiative. Discussion Optional afternoon seminar with Ashok
Ashok Sarkar Ashok Sarkar Ashok Sarkar All AS/CB/participants
July 25 Wedn.
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
Indirect Energy and Consumption Based Carbon Accounting. Some issues with C2C and LCA approaches. How to save the world, cost free, by next Friday - Green growth versus lifestyle? Open, participant inputs (Gvantsa, Helen, Oxana, Stinne) Discussion
Chris Butters Chris Butters Participant inputs All
July 26 Thursday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.40 11.50-12.30
A Short History of Good Ideas Complex Sustainability: case studies from GAIA planning and research in Scotland. Community participation processes. Case studies; The Childrens’ Eco-city Discussion
Sandy Halliday Sandy Halliday Sandy Halliday All
July 27 Friday
0830-09.30 09.50-12.30 14.30-16.30
Ecominimalism – the antidote to Ecobling Workshop/participants: Delivering Sustainability Optional Afternoon discussion with SH
Sandy Halliday
participants/SH/CB participants/SH/CB
Energy Descent ? Official prognoses for continued growth (EP86, EP91) and alternative proposals (AE83) by very progressive researchers in Denmark in the early 1980s. At that time, energy reductions were seen as being impossible as well as ridiculous
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Week 6 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Date Time Topic Lecturer
July 30 Monday
08.30-09.30 09.50-10.50 11.00-11.30 11.50-12.30
Presentations and discussion of workgroup papers (4 groups, 20 minutes each plus 10-15 min. Q+A) Presentations and discussion of workgroup papers Presentations and discussion of workgroup papers Brief course recapitulation, Q+A
Participants Participants Participants CB/participants
July 31 Tuesday
08.30-09.40 10.00-11.00 11.10-11.40 11.50-12.30
Bhutan: a hospital project. Culture, Sustainability and Gross National Happiness Energy Diplomacy and Science Diplomacy in promoting Sustainable Development Norway, sustainability and the oil age: where to now? - participant questions and comments to Jostein Mykletun Discussion
Chris Butters Jostein Mykletun Participants/JM/CB All
August 01 Wedn.
09.00-13.00
Final exam; written exam, details to be announced and explained. (Evening: course party)
Participants
August 02 Thursday
09.30-10.00 10.30-11.30 ca 12.00
A look back; brief course review Participant feedback and evaluation. Conclusion.
Chris Butters Chris, course staff and participants
More green products, or less consumption? Green growth or degrowth? Energy, Environment, Sustainability … What’s the Real Question?
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Lecturer Biographies: ISS SUM 4180, University of Oslo, 2018 session
Chris Butters has worked with environmental architecture, energy, and ecology for 35
years, as architect, researcher, lecturer, and author of several books. He holds a Masters in
Architecture from Montpellier, France and a Bachelors in Literature from Stellenbosch.
Chris worked in Bhutan for 10 years for international organisations and NGOs as project
coordinator and architect for schools and a hospital. He has also done Tibetological
research. Former positions: Director of the UIA program The Road from Rio - Sustainable
Built Environment; Project Leader, Norwegian Architects for Sustainable Development;
Special Adviser, the Ideas Bank Foundation; Guest Professor at the Oslo Architecture
School and at St Johns University, Minnesota, USA. Chris is co-founder of the GAIA
network for sustainable architecture and planning. He recently finished a 3-year research
posting at Warwick University, UK, on low energy / low carbon housing in hot climate
developing countries. He is now researcher at SUM.
Tanja Winther Tanja Winther is Associate Professor at the Centre for Development
and the Environment (SUM), University of Oslo. Her PhD-study in Anthropology
concerned the social impact of electrification in Zanzibar, Tanzania. In addition to
anthropology, she holds a Masters degree in Power Engineering and has been working in
the Norwegian electricity sector. Over the last decade, Winther's anthropological and
interdisciplinary research has centred on sustainable electricity use in Norway (heat
pumps, in-home displays, prosumers/PV systems) as well as socially and gender equitable
electricity access provided through grid and off-grid systems (India, Kenya, Nepal).
Harold Wilhite is a Professor of Social Anthropology and Research Director at the
University of Oslo’s Centre for Development and Environment. He has published widely
on energy consumption, sustainable energy use and globalizing consumption, with articles
ranging from theoretical approaches to applied research and policy applications. Books
include ‘Consumption and the Transformation of Everyday Life: A View from South
India’ (2008 Palgrave MacMillan). His most recent book monograph is ‘The Political
Economy of Low Carbon Transformation: Breaking the Habits of Capitalism’ (2016,
Routledge).
He has worked at bridging the gap between research and policy, including consulting to
the IEA, OECD, UNEP and to Norwegian Ministries. He was one of the founders of the
European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE) and has been active in its
development.
Ashok Sarkar is a Senior Energy Specialist involved in strategic efforts for scaling up
energy efficiency operations and finance in the World Bank, Washington. He set up the
Energy Efficiency Community of Practice at the Bank and led it for 7 years until 2013.
Previous posts: Asian Development Bank; USAID; and RMA, an international energy
consulting firm. With 22 years of experience in over 35 countries, he is currently engaged
in India, Bangladesh and Saudi Arabia. After his engineering degree from Delhi
University he worked with BHEL-India, designing thermal power stations. He has an MS
in Energy Planning and Policy from the Asian Institute of Technology and a Ph.D from
Madison, Wisconsin. A member of UNFCCC-s CDM Methodologies Panel in 2005-07, he
currently chairs UNEP-s U4E Expert Task Force on LED Lighting and Controls. He has
published over 50 papers and delivered over 125 presentations.
Jostein Mykletun has a successful record as a senior Norwegian diplomat with a long
and distinguished career in science, academia, executive management and international
affairs. He holds a Ph.D in political science from the University of Minnesota, USA. His
career includes long experience within Norway’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, notably of
oil and gas affairs and the broader energy industry as Norwegian Consul General in
Houston, Texas (2010-2015). He has lectured and published widely. He has held many
senior positions, both advisory and elected, including in Arctic Affairs, Social Science
Research, the Oil and Gas and Renewables Industries, Science and technology Business
innovation, Peace Research, Climate Change and Sustainable Development, and Corporate
Social Responsibility. He is currently a Collaborating Partner in Burson.Marsteller, Oslo,
as well as Adjunct Fellow at the Norwegian Business School (BI) in Oslo.
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Aage Stangeland is a Dr. scient. in material technology and worked formerly as an adviser (with particular focus on CO2 Capture and Storage, CCS) in the energy section of Bellona - one of Norway’s leading environmental NGOs, with a mixture of activism and cooperation and broad experience both within Norway and as regards the former Soviet Union. Bellona addresses environmental issues, climate change, renewable energy, oil production, nuclear, EU environmental policy, etc.
Aage is now working as a Special Advisor for The Research Council of Norway, one of his fields being Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS).
Jørgen Stig Nørgård, born in 1933 in Denmark, joined the academic and research
world rather late after working as a farmer and mechanic. He has an MSc and PhD from
the Technical University of Denmark, DTU, and has worked there since 1970 as associate
professor, investigating and teaching how to achieve environmental sustainability through
changes in technology, economics, equity, life styles, etc, with particular focus on energy
savings and downscaling..
Jørgen has written numerous papers, articles, and books, given lectures and seminars all
over the world, and been advisor for Denmark, the EU, the UN, governments, and NGOs.
He is now an emeritus associate professor at DTU, and although theoretically retired,
continues to work tirelessly for a sustainable and equitable world.
Sandy Halliday, based in Edinburgh, is a chartered engineer, has worked in building
research, training, policy guidance and as project advisor for local and national
government and private clients for 30 years. Her degree in Engineering Design &
Appropriate Technology focused on socially and environmentally responsible engineering.
She initially worked as a research manager developing UK policy & disseminating
information on passive design, resource efficient, clean technologies and benign
processes, products & materials.
Sandy founded GAIA Research (1996) to develop sustainable solutions for the built
environment; research, policy guidance, brief development, design support, community
consultation and inter-disciplinary education. She has published extensively including the
The Sustainability Guide to the RIBA Plan of Work and a leading book now out in a
revised second edition, Sustainable Construction.
Sidsel Roalkvam, Social anthropologist, Professor and Director at SUM, has worked in
interdisciplinary environments for the last 15 years, has an extensive research network and
participates in several collaborative research programs. She has designed and led several
radical interdisciplinary researches funded by the Norwegian Research Council. Sidsel was the
academic director of Livelihoods in Developing Countries, one of seven interdisciplinary
research programs initiated by the Oslo University board (2010-2015). She initiated and then
led the research group backing the Lancet University of Oslo Commission on Global
Governance for Health (2012-2014) and is currently advisor to the Independent Scientific
Monitoring Panel on Global Social and Political Determinants of Health. Her research receives
numerous citations as well as concrete policy impacts. The highly cited commission report
generated a substantial debate about global governance for health within the scientific press,
and pioneered use of the term ‘political determinants of health’ as a critical concept to assess
and develop governance mechanisms.
Steffen Kallbekken has worked at CICERO, the Centre for International Climate and
Environmental Research, since 2002, managing research projects on environmental taxes,
transport policy, behavioural interventions ("nudges"), and energy efficiency. He was
Research Director of the Climate Policy unit in 2012 and 2013, and the Climate
Economics Unit from 2014 to 2017. Since 2014 he has been Director of the FME-center
CICEP Center for International Climate and Energy Policy, and much of his recent
outreach and research has focused on the Paris Agreement.
His current research interests follow two main lines: The design of international climate
agreements, with a particular focus on the role of short-lived climate pollutants, and the
effectiveness and acceptability of climate policy instruments. Most of this research is
based on use surveys, lab and field experiments.
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Benedicte Bull is professor of Political Science at SUM and is also director of the
Norwegian Latin America Research Network (NorLARNet) and the Oslo Academy
of Global Governance. Bull’s main research interests are development theory, global
development practices, state building, inequality, violence, and Latin American
political economy. She has led various research projects focusing on elites and
business-state relations in Latin America and in global institutions. Among her books
are Norwegian Social Thought on Latin America (CLACSO, 2016), Environmental
Politics in Latin America: Elite dynamics, the left tide and sustainable development
(Routledge 2015, with Mariel Agular-Støen); and Business Groups and Transnational
Capitalism in Central America: Economic and Political Strategies, with Yuri
Kasahara and Fulvio Castellacci, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), International
Development (vol 1-4) with Morten Bøås (Sage, 2010), and Development Issues in
Global Goverancne (with Desmond McNeil, Palgrave, 2008).
Alwin Wiederhold is a physicist working in the nuclear power industry since
1993. He is currently a member of the Spent Fuel Team in Nuclear Fuel and
Liabilities at EDF Energy, the United Kingdom.
His professional experience includes South Africa and the United Kingdom and he is
professionally associated with nuclear power industries in Germany, France, USA
and Sweden.
Nuclear safety analyst. Member of UK Working Party on Criticality (vice-chair
2007–2008). Member of Nuclear Fuel and Liabilities Department Spent Fuel Team.
Strategic analyst responsible for long term strategy and opportunities.
Omar Elhosseiny Elnady, Egypt, had his Ph.D from Ain Shams University in
Environmental engineering, and has also completed various additional higher
education in engineering, business, economics and politics overseas. He is a
consultant engineer who has designed several infra structure projects, as well as
being a lecturer in sustainable development, environmental and water engineering at
different universities including the American University in Cairo and Canadian
International College.
Omar is specialized in sustainable water resources management and environmental
solutions. He has over 12 publications; Topics include desalination technologies,
wastewater treatment, water supply, and strategic resources management.
Ove Jakobsen is professor in Ecological Economics at the Business School/Nord
University, Norway. He is co-founder and leader of Centre for Ecological
Economics and Ethics. Jakobsen holds master degrees in Marketing,
Business administration, and Philosophy. He received his Dr.Oecon. degree from
NHH (Norwegian School of Economics) in 1989.
He has published a great number of books and articles both nationally and
internationally. In 2000, Jakobsen was awarded the SAS and the Norwegian
Economics Association prize for the best integration of environmental and
social responsibility in higher economic education in Norway. He is frequently
invited as speaker at conferences, seminars, workshops and public meetings.
MeeNilankco Theiventhran is a PhD candidate at the Department of Political
Geography at the University of Bergen and also attached to Faculty of Engineering
and Science at Western Norway University of Applied Sciences as a Research
Fellow. He is presently researching on policymaking on renewable energy and how
technology and investment can influence policymaking. He has 12 years of
experience in diplomatic missions and also teaches at the Department of Political
Science, University of Colombo and Open University of Sri Lanka. He is also a
Senior Researcher attached to Social Scientists Association in Sri Lanka. He has
extensive field experience in Sri Lanka and Nepal. His research interests include
environmental politics, clean energy technologies, energy policymaking. He is a
regular political commentator on local and international affairs in Sri Lanka.
