Energy Production for Activity

Anaerobic vs. Aerobic Energy Systems• Anaerobic

– ATP-CP : 10 sec. Or less– Glycolysis : Few minutes

• Aerobic– Krebs cycle– Electron Transport Chain

2 minutes +

100%

% C

apacity of Energy S

ystem

10 sec 30 sec 2 min 5 min +

Energy Transfer Systems and Exercise

Aerobic Energy System

Anaerobic Glycolysis

ATP - CP

Energy Sources for Muscle Contraction and the Restoration from Exercise

• Energy is required for muscular contraction which comes from the conversion of food stuffs at the muscle level into a high energy compound known as adenosine triphosphate ATP

• One molecule of adenosine and three molecules of phosphate

Energy Sources for Muscle Contraction and the Restoration from Exercise

• Energy required for muscular contraction is released by the conversion of high energy ATP into ADP+P (adenosine diphosphate + phosphate).

• As one phosphate is broken down Adp +P is formed from ATP and energy is released

• There is a limted amount of ATP stored in the muscle cells thus ATP supplies must be continually replenished to facilitate continued activity

The ATP-CP System (Anaerobic Alactic or Phosagen System)

• Creatine phosphate which is stored in the muscle cell, is broken down into creatine (C) and phosphate (P).

• This process releases energy which is used to resynthesize ADP +P into ATP• CP is stored in limited amounts in the muscle cell which means energy can

be supplied in this system in limited amounts• 8-10 seconds is time frame for this system• This system is a chief source of energy for extremely quick and explosive

activity such as: 100m dash, weight lifting, jumping and throwing events, diving

• Restoration• Phosphogen restoration occurs quite rapidly• First 30 seconds 70% is restored• 3-5 minutes it is fully restored 100%

The LACTIC ACID System (Anaerobic Lactic or Anaeorbic Glycolysis)

• In this system glycogen is broken down which is stored in the liver and muscle cells releasing energy to resynthesize ATP from ADP+P

• Due to the absence of O2 during the breakdown of glycogen a by-product called lactic acid (LA) is formed• When high intensity work is continued for prolonged periods of time large quantities of LA accumulate in

the muscle which limits the rate of processing causing fatigue• The time frame for this system is up to approximately 40 seconds

• Restoration • Full restoration of glycogen requires longer time, sometimes days• Depending on the activity and the diet of the individual• 2 hrs 40% restored• 5 hrs 55% restored• 24 hrs 100% restored• This is in the case of intermittent activity where rest/recovery periods are incorporated and the work

sessions are not continuous• • If activity is longer and continuous• 10 hrs 60% restored• 48 hrs 100% restored

The O2 System or the AEROBIC System

• The aerobic system requires approx. 60-80 seconds to commence producing energy for the resynthesis of ATP

• The heart rate and respiratory rate must be increased sufficiently to transport the required amount of oxygen to the muscle cells in order that glycogen be broken down in the presence of oxygen

• The Aerobic system is the primary source of energy for events of duration between 2 minutes and 2-3 hours

Rankings of Rate and Capacity of ATP Production

• Rate of production-How fast ATP can be produced• • 1.Phosagen ATP-CP • • 2.Fast Glycolysis• 3.Slow Glycolysis• • 4.Oxidation of Carbohydrates• 5.Oxidation of Fats and Proteins

Rankings of Rate and Capacity of ATP Production

• Capacity of Production- How much ATP can be produced

• 1. Oxidation of Fats and Proteins• 2. Oxidation of Carbohydrates• • 3. Slow Glycolysis• 4. Fast Glycolysis• • 5. Phosagen ATP-CP

Video Review of Presentation

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifD1YG07fB8&feature=related

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHfN3J8cKi4