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Changing Forms
Energy transforms continuously from one form to another
Observed by change in our environment
The Law of Conservation of Energy
Remember energy cannot be created or destroyed!The only change occurring is the
form in which energy appearsEnergy moves from place to place
The original amount of energy is always the same (it is always accounted for)Is used to track the energy
changes in a system
Changing Kinetic and Potential Energy
Track the energy of throwing a ball in the air and catching it:
P = 5 JK = 5 J
P = 5 JK = 5 J
P = 0 JK = 10 J
P = 10 JK = 0 J
P = 0 JK = 10 J
Transforming Chemical Energy
Inside our bodies, chemical reactions take place that cause molecules to changeMuscles contract, part of the body moves
chemical kinetic energyFood – gives us energy when we digest the
molecules chemical thermal energy
Chemical energy breaks down when organisms dieBiomass = fuel from matter in living thingsFossil fuels
Transforming Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is used daily
Can be changed into:Sound energy via wavesKinetic energy (speaker vibration or
powered machines)Chemical (when sound reaches nerve
cells)Thermal (when a cord heats up)Light/Radiant (powering a light source)
Transforming Thermal Energy
Energy in the form of heat is almost always a product of an energy transformation Chemical Thermal
Something being burned Electrical Thermal
Electric chord heats up Thermal Kinetic
Water boils into steam to energize steam engines (the steam turns the turbine)
Thermal Radiant Heated metal glows
How Thermal Energy Moves
Always from something with a higher temperature to something with a lower temperatureEx. From a warm cup to the air
around it
Generating Electrical Energy
We use an enormous amount of electrical energy daily
POWER PLANTS: Usually the final 2 steps contain a:Turbine- is a set of narrowly spaced
fan blades that is turned by steam to power the generatorFossil fuels are burned to generate
the steamGenerator- a device that transforms
kinetic energy into electrical energy
Nuclear power plants operate similarly