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UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIETSTYRELSEN FORUNDERVISNING OG KVALITET

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Torsdag den 9. maj 2019 Kl. 9.00-10.00

UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIET Forside 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 10 11 Listening comprehension

Reading comprehension

Reading Comprehension

Section 9

Choose a heading for each paragraph and write the letters on the lines.There are more headings than you will need. There is an example at the beginning.

Being Amish9.0 _EEver heard of the Amish community? It is best known for an old-fashioned way of living. Amish people ride buggies, dress plainly and reject modern technology such as cars and phones. They fled Europe and came to live in America more than two centuries ago. The Amish belong to the Anabaptist church, which has around 200,000 members.

9.1The “father” of the Amish community, Jakob Ammann, was born in 1644 in Bern in Switzerland. At the age of 35, he became a strict Anabaptist leader . He promoted purity and spiritual discipline, banning the trim­ming of beards and the wearing of fashionable clothing. Jakob Ammann was said to be a strong-willed leader. People who followed him were soon referred to as Amish.

9.2In the early 18th century, many Amish immigrated to America with expectations of a better life. They longed for the freedom in which to practice their religion and traditions, which were governed by their fundamental rules, called the Ordnung. At first, Amish communities faced misfortune and were met by Indian raids, droughts and crop failures, but they did not accept defeat. Eventually, they found somewhere that matched their lifestyle and settled down in Pennsylvania.

9.3Even today, the Amish lead a strict and humble life which emphasizes hard labor and living by the Bible. Family is the foundation of the Amish community, and large families, with up to ten children, are common. When its members live, work, worship and socialize together, the Amish family becomes stronger. The man is the breadwinner of the family, whereas the woman oversees the household.

9.4The Amish developed their own regional dialect, which is called Pennsylvania Dutch. It has some similari­ties with dialects of German, but also includes numerous English words. When conversing with non-Amish, or doing business with outsiders, the Amish people speak English, which is taught at their schools. Out of respect, they tend to switch to English when non-Amish people are within earshot.

9.5The Amish wear simple and functional garments, symbolizing their separation from the world. They believe women need no more than four handmade dresses: one for wash, one for wear, one for dress, and one for spare. A married woman wears a black apron, whereas a single woman wears a white one. The men wear black suits with no outside pockets and straw or black felt hats. Their trousers are held up by suspenders since belts are not allowed because of flashy buckles.

9.6When Amish teenagers reach the age of 16, they go through an important period: Rumspringa. Rumspringa is a German term for “running around”, in which teens experience life outside the Amish community before deciding whether or not to commit to the Amish church. If they choose not to be baptized, they gradually drift away from the community and are shunned, meaning that they are no longer welcome. More than 9 out of 10 return to the Amish church.

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UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIET

□ Listening comprehension□ Reading comprehension

Forside 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 10 11

A. MOTHER TONGUE

B. RITE OF PASSAGE

C. NEW BEGINNING

D. FORGOTTEN PAST

E. ORIGINS

F. KEY FIGURE

G. EVERYDAY CLOTHES

H. TRADITIONAL LIFESTYLE

I. ELECTRICITY SHUNNED

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UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIET

Listening comprehension Reading comprehension

Forside 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11

Reading comprehension

Section 10

Some sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from sentences A-J the one which fits the gap.There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning.

The Nose Knows!

12 years ago, Joanne Nelson gave up her secure job in a bank to train sniffer dogs. However, nobody gave her a chance of making it as a professional trainer, as it was a male-dominated world. But Nelson was determined. 10.0 E

Nelson was not content only to train dogs to sniff out explosives, drugs and bodies, as most handlers do.10.1

Nelson works in North Wales with her black Labrador, Lex. 10.2 A pine marten is a cat-sized member of the weasel family. When Lex identifies the animal’s characteristic sweet-smelling excrement, he reacts immediately. 10.3 The excrement found by Lex can then be used to determine the size of the martenpopulation in the area.

Nelson also has a springer spaniel trained to detect bat carcasses in windy coastal areas, where a great number of new turbines have been built. 10.4

She has another dog, a cocker spaniel working in Africa. 10.5 Illegal trafficking from ports on thecontinent has been markedly reduced in the course of the last few years.

Nelson’s team of dogs are extremely active and enthusiastic whilst at work, and need an unusual amount of exercise and tasks to perform. 10.6 Their need to expend energy must be satisfied every single day.

What makes a good sniffer dog? 10.7 Does it take a particular personality?

Nelson has no doubt. Lex is the best.

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UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIET

□ Listening comprehension□ Reading comprehension

Forside 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11

A. He stops wagging his tail, lies down and his body tenses.

B. Any type of dog can be used.

C. He is trained to find droppings of a seldom seen and endangered species, a pine marten.

D. They would therefore not be suitable as ordinary family dogs.

E. So it was a bold decision to change careers.

F. These sites present a major threat to the flying mammals, especially in the breeding season.

G. This dog is trained to find leopard skins and investigate shipments of ivory.

H. The best have no problem sniffing out the poachers.

I. She was also eager to test their potential in a new arena - wildlife conservation.

J. Are there certain breeds that perform best?

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UNDERVISNINGS MINISTERIET

□ Listening comprehension□ Reading comprehension

Forside 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Reading Comprehension

Section 11

Put x in the right box.

Smart Cities

i By the year 2030, 60% of the world’s population is expected to live in cities. One out of three people will live in cities with populations of more than 500,000. There are already 31 cities with populations

5 of more than 10 million inhabitants, and more will soon emerge. Most of these mega-cities lie in the southern hemisphere.

The steady movement of the world’s inhabitants towards very big cities offers opportunities for jobs

10 and economic growth. However, it also presents enormous challenges to infrastructure, such as transport, health and education services, and supplies of food, water and other resources.

One solution to these challenges is the development 15 of the concept of the “smart city”. In brief, a smart

city is a city that makes use of digital technology in different areas of urban management. This can improve everything from transport and parking to crime prevention.

20 For example, the city of Columbus, Ohio has a first- of-its-kind modern transportation system. All public

transport runs on green electricity and collects data from its passengers and journeys to ensure that the system works better. Other planned technologies

25 include streetlights that also function as wireless internet hubs, a system that allows emergency vehicles to control traffic signals, and a one-card system for payment of services.

Kansas City is another model smart city. For30 instance, it collects data along its tramline system

in order to find out how many people are in the area, where they are from and whether it is their first visit or not. This data is then used in real time to adjust levels of street lighting, help police decide

35 where they should send their patrols, and assist businesses with their sales strategies. The city’s aim is to become the smartest city on Earth within five years.

Columbus, Kansas City and other cities using smart 40 technology all enjoy government support. They are

also open to innovation from the private sector.Other cities with ambitions to take on a smart identity should look to these leaders for inspiration.

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