Engineering Graphics I

DRAWING SECTION MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

BIT, SINDRI, DHANBAD 828 123 (JHARKHAND) 0

Suggestions and corrections may be sent to the Drawing Section at email ID: [email protected]

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ENGINEERING GRAPHICS I PAPER CODE: ME 1202

SYLLABUS

Learning drafting codes as per ISO and IS preparation and use of scales, Technical lettering One Plate

Conic Section & Curves: Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola, Involutes, Cycloid, Spiral Curves One Plate

Projection of point and straight lines One Plate

Projection of planes One Plate

Projection of simple solids, cylinders, cones, parallelepiped & pyramids in different orientation and isometric projections, isometric scale Three Plates

Section of simple solids One plate

Simple cases of intersection of solids and development of plane and curved surfaces of solids Two Plates

Introduction, Construction of Nomograms, Histograms and frequency distribution One plate ______________________________________________________________________________

First Semester Graphics Sessional Work:

I. Total Eleven Plates II. Assignments 30 Marks

III. One Class Test IV. End Semester Viva-voce Examination: 20 Marks

The sessional would be evaluated for 100% marks by the respective departments through practical examination / viva voce / written test covering the total syllabus.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

Text Books:

1. Engineering Drawing (Plane and Solid Geometry) N.D. Bhatt & V.M. Panchal ISBN: 81-85594-58-9 Charotar Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Anand

2. Engineering Drawing (with an Introduction to AutoCAD) Dhananjay A Jolhe ISBN(13): 978-0-07-064837-1 Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi

3. Engineering Graphics And Drafting P.S. Gill ISBN: 81-85749-61-2 S.K. Kataria & Sons, New Delhi

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Drawing Basant Aggarwal, C. Aggarwal ISBN: 978-0-07-066863-8 Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi

2. Engineering Drawing R.B.Gupta ISBN: N/A Satya Prakashan, New Delhi




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3. A Text Book of Engineering Graphics K. Venugopal, V. Prabhu Raja ISBN: 978-81-224-2457-7 New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi

4. A Text Book of Engineering Drawing P.J. Shah ISBN: 81-219-2964-4 S. Chand and Company, New Delhi

5. Practical Geometry and Engineering Graphics William Abbott ISBN: N/A Available at www.amazon.co.uk

LIST OF INSTRUMENTS

Sl. No. Name of Instrument Specifications No. of Pieces

01. Mini Drafter --- 1

02. Drawing Instrument Box Full Set 1

03. Set Squares 45o-45o, 30o-60o 2

04. Drawing Boards B2 (500mm X 700mm) 1

05. Protractor 360o 1

06. Circle Master --- 1

07. Engineering Scale With Rib 1

08. Steel Scale --- 1

09. French or Irregular Curves Full Set 12

10. Drawing Papers A2 (Trimmed, 420mm X 594mm) As per requirement

11. Drawing Pencils H, 2H, 3H, 4H 4

12. Eraser (Rubber) White 1

13. Drawing Copy --- 1

14. Sketch Book --- 1

15. Drawing Clips Rust Free Tempered Steel 4

16. Sand Paper For Pencils 1

17. Pencil Leads H 1

18. Pencil Sharpener --- 1

19. Paper Knife --- 1

20. Black Sheet A1 1

21. Duster Large 2

22. Drawing Sheet Box --- 1

The instruments must be as per standards and specifications mentioned in the classroom. Please bring the drawing instruments in a school bag for your convenience.

Use of polythene carry bags etc. is strictly prohibited.

General Instructions

1. Students must be punctual in their all classes. 2. Students must be seated in their drawing classes as per sitting plans mentioned in their

first class. 3. Students must submit their drawing sheets, five minutes before the end of scheduled

drawing classes. Late submission of drawing sheet may attract appropriate negative marking.

4. The assignments must be submitted on the scheduled dates and time. 5. Students must fill the Title Block of the drawing sheets by pencil in all respects. The Roll

Number only is to be written in black ink. 6. Students must get drawing sheets signed by their class teachers, whenever start

working on a new drawing sheet. 7. Students must follow all the instructions given by their class teacher time to time.


BIT, SINDRI, DHANBAD 828 123 (JHARKHAND) ENGINEERING GRAPHICS I

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SHEET NO. 01 TITLE: PRINTING AND LETTERING TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Write the free hand lettering on Drawing Sheet A to Z, a to z and 0 to 9 in Vertical and Inclined or Slant as per sheet supplied in 8 mm size.

2. Draw all the lines as per IS code shown in next page. Draw at least a length 200 mm of each. 3. Write down the following words in 8 mm size.

(A.) BIRSA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, SINDRI (B.) VINOBA BHAVE UNIVERSITY, HAZARIBAG (C.) DESHPANDEY AUDITORIUM (D.) ENGINEERING GRAPHICS I (E.) ENGINEERING MECHANICS (F.) BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

4. Write the following in normal letters (as “Dhanbad”) in 8 mm size. (A.) Your Name (B.) Father’s Name (C.) Your Branch (D.) Your Roll No. in B.I.T. (E.) Name of Your School / College last attended (F.) Your home district

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 01 TITLE: SKETCH BOOK

1. Write the Q. No. 1, 3 and 4 of Sheet No. 01 in Sketch Book. 2. Write the name of 20 Engineering Institutions in India in Full (Not in Abbreviated Form) in

block letters. 3. Name and District of 100 first year students / your friends with their district in block letters. 4. Write down the names of your 20 teachers at BIT, Sindri in block letters.



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SHEET NO. 02 TITLE: SCALES TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Draw a scale of 1:50 to show meters and decimeters and long enough to measure upto 6 meters.

2. Draw a diagonal scale of full size showing 1/100 inch and measure up to 6 inches. Show a distance of 4.57 inches on this scale.

3. Draw a backward vernier scale of R.F. = 1/25 to read centimeters up to 4 meters and on it, show lengths representing 2.48 m and 0.82 m.

4. Construct angles of 35o and 115o by means of scale of chords.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 02 TITLE: SCALES

1. Construct a diagonal scale of 1:25 showing meters, decimeters and centimeters and measure up to 5 meters. Show a distance of 2.48 m on this scale. 2. On a map a scale of kilometer is shown. On measuring a distance of 1 km is shown 1 cm long. Construct this scale to read kilometers and to measure up to 16 kilometers. Construct a comparative scale, attached to this scale and to read up to 10 miles. 3. Construct a full size forward vernier scale in inches and show on it 2.56”, 1.32” and 0.52”. 4. Construct angles of 42o and 127o by means of scale of chords.

SHEET NO. 03 TITLE: CONIC SECTIONS AND CURVES TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Construct an ellipse when the distance of the focus from directrix is equal to 70 mm and eccentricity is 3/4. Also draw a tangent and normal to this ellipse at any general point (not vertex etc.) on the ellipse. 2. Draw an ellipse having major and minor axis 100 mm and 75 mm using the four centre method. 3. Construct a parabola, when the distance of the focus from the directrix is 60 mm. Also draw the tangent and normal to this parabola at any general point (not vertex). 4. Construct a hyperbola, when the distance of the focus from the directrix is 60 mm and eccentricity is 3/2.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 03 TITLE: CONIC SECTIONS AND CURVES

1. Draw an ellipse having major and minor axis 100 mm and 60 mm respectively by using: (i.) Concentric circle method (ii.) Arc of circle method 2. A circular base of φ 25 mm rolls on another fixed disc of φ = 60 mm, with external contact, for one complete revolution of the rolling circle. Draw the curve traced out by a point P, on the rim of the rolling disc, which is situated diametrically opposite to the point of contact in the starting position. Also draw the curve traced by the point of contact Q, of the two circular discs in its initial position. 3. Draw a hypocycloid, given the radii of rolling and directing circles as r=20 mm and R = 75 mm respectively. Also draw a tangent and a normal at any point to the curve. 4. Construct an Archimedean spiral of two convolutions, given the greatest and the shortest radii as 86 mm and 14 mm respectively.

SHEET NO. 04 TITLE: PROJECTION OF POINTS AND STRAIGHT LINES TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Draw the projection of the following points on the same ground line keeping the projectors 30 mm apart. Proper dimensioning must be done as per BIS standards.

(i.) 25 mm above H.P. and 25 mm in front of V.P. (ii.) 25 mm above H.P. and 25 mm behind the V.P. (iii.) 25 mm below the H.P. and 25 mm in front of V.P. (iv.) 25 mm below the H.P. and 25 mm behind the V.P. (v.) In the H.P. and 25 mm in front of V.P. (vi.) In the H.P. and 25 mm behind the V.P. (vii.) 25 mm above the H.P. and in the V.P.

(viii.) 25 mm below the H.P. and in the V.P. (ix.) In both the H.P. and V.P. (x.) 25 mm above H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (xi.) 25 mm above H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P. (xii.) 25 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (xiii.) 25 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P.



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2. A point A is 50 mm below the H.P. and 15 mm behind the V.P. A point B is 20 mm above H.P. and 30 mm in front of V.P. The distance between the projectors of A and B is 60 mm. (i.) Draw the projections ab and a’b’ of the straight line AB. (ii.) Determine the traces of the line joining A and B. (iii.) Determine the inclination of the straight with reference planes. (iv.) Determine the true length of straight line AB. 3. A line AB 70 mm long has its end A in both the H.P. and the V.P. It is equally inclined to both the H.P. and V.P. at an angle 30o and it lies in first quadrant. Draw its projections.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 04 TITLE: PROJECTION OF POINTS AND STRAIGHT LINES 1. Draw the projection of the following points on the same ground line keeping the projectors 30 mm apart. Proper dimensioning must be done as per BIS standards.

(i.) 50 mm above H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (ii.) 50 mm above H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P. (iii.) 50 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (iv.) 50 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P. (v.) In the H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (vi.) In the H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P. (vii.) 50 mm above the H.P. and in the V.P.

(viii.) 50 mm below the H.P. and in the V.P. (ix.) In both the H.P. and V.P. (x.) 30 mm above H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (xi.) 30 mm above H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P. (xii.) 30 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm in front of V.P. (xiii.) 30 mm below the H.P. and 50 mm behind the V.P.

2. A point A is 50 mm above the H.P. and 15 mm behind the V.P. A point B is 20 mm below H.P. and 30 mm in front of V.P. The distance between the projectors of A and B is 70 mm. (i.) Draw the projections ab and a’b’ of the straight line AB. (ii.) Determine the traces of the line joining A and B. (iii.) Determine the inclination of the straight with reference planes. (iv.) Determine the true length of straight line AB. 3. A line AB 70 mm long has its end A in both the H.P. and the V.P. It is inclined at 45o to the H.P. and at 30o to the V.P. and it lies in third quadrant. Draw its projections. 4. A line CD 100 mm long is inclined at an angle 30o with H.P. and at angles 40o with V.P. Its mid-point is in V.P. and 15 mm above the H.P. Draw its projections, if its end C is in first quadrant and end D in the third quadrant.

SHEET NO. 05 TITLE: PROJECTION OF SOLIDS TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Draw the projections of a pentagonal pyramid, base 35 mm side and axis 60 mm long, having its base on H.P. and an edge of the base parallel to the V.P. Also draw its side views. 2. Draw the projections of a cone, base 70 mm φ and axis 100 mm long, lying on the H.P. on one of its generators with the axis parallel to V.P. 3. A hexagonal prism, base 50 mm side and height 40 mm has a hole of 40 mm φ drilled centrally through its ends. Draw its projections when it is resting on one of its corners on the H.P. with its axis inclined at 60o to the H.P. and two of its faces parallel to V.P.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 05 TITLE: PROJECTION OF SOLIDS

1. Draw the projections of a pentagonal prism, base 25 mm side and axis 60 mm long, resting on one of its rectangular faces on H.P. with the axes inclined at 30o to the V.P. 2. A hexagonal pyramid, base 25 mm side and axis 50 mm long, has an edge of its base on the ground. Its axis is inclined at 30o to the ground and parallel to V.P. Draw its projections. 3. Draw the projections of a cone, base 50 mm φ and axis 65 mm long, when it is resting on the ground on a point on the base circle with axis making angle 30o with the H.P. and 45o with the V.P. 4. Three equal spheres of 40 mm diameter are resting on the ground so that each of them touches the other two and the line joining the centers of two of them is parallel to the V.P. A fourth sphere of 50 mm diameter is placed on the top of the three to form a pile. Draw three views of the arrangement and find the distance of the centre of the fourth sphere above the ground.




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SHEET NO. 06 TITLE: ISOMETRIC PROJECTION TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Draw the isometric projection of the frustum of a cone whose plan and elevation is shown in Figure I. 2. Draw isometric projection of a pentagonal pyramid whose two views are shown in Figure II. 3. A square prism having length of each side 60 mm and height 40 mm is placed on H.P. with a square face as its base and the one side of base parallel to V.P. A hexagonal prism having length of each side of base 25 mm and height 60 mm is placed over the square prism such that axis of hexagonal prism coincides with the axis of square prism and one of the sides of the base of hexagonal prism is parallel to V.P. Now a sphere of radius 20 mm is placed at the top over the hexagonal prism centrally i.e. the centre of sphere lies on common axis of square and hexagonal prism. Draw the isometric projection of the assembly the one view of which shown in Figure IV.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 06 TITLE: ISOMETRIC PROJECTION

1. What is difference between ‘isometric view’ and ‘isometric projection’? Explain. 2. What are the methods of drawing ‘isometric view’ and ‘isometric projection’? Explain. 3. A cylindrical block of base 50 mm diameter and height 80 mm standing on H.P. with its axis perpendicular to the H.P. Draw its isometric views. 4. Draw the isometric projection of the model of steps, two views of which are shown in the Figure III. 5. A hexagonal prism having side of the base 35 mm and height of 75 mm is resting on one of the corners of the base and axis inclined to 30o to the H.P. Two of the rectangular faces of hexagonal prism is parallel to V.P. Draw its projections and also prepare the isometric projection of the prism in the above stated condition.

80 80

35 40R 60R Figure I Figure II 48 16 20R 16

60

36

100 25

25 25 25 40

60 SQ Figure III Figure IV

(All dimensions are in mm. Figures are not to scale)




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SHEET NO. 07 TITLE: ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

The pictorial view of some blocks is shown below. (Figures are not to scale). Draw the plan (top view), elevation (front view) and the both side views (left and right side views) according to the First angle projection method. All dimensions are in mm.

Problem No. 1 Problem No. 2


HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 07 TITLE: ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION The pictorial view of some blocks is shown below. (Figures are not to scale). Draw the plan (top view), elevation (front view) and the both side views (left and right side views) according to the First angle projection method. All dimensions are in mm.






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SHEET NO. 08 TITLE: SECTION OF SOLIDS TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. A cube of 40 mm long edges is resting on the H.P. on one of its faces with a vertical face inclined at 30o to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane parallel to V.P. and 10 mm away from the axis and further away from V.P. Draw its sectional front view and top view. 2. A pentagonal pyramid, base 40 mm side and axis 75 mm long, has its base horizontal and an edge of the base parallel to the V.P. A horizontal section plane cuts it at a distance of 30 mm from the base. Draw its front view and sectional top view. 3. A cone, diameter of base 60 mm and axis 50 mm long is resting on its base on the H.P. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to V.P., inclined at angle 75o to the H.P. and passing through the apex. Draw its front view, sectional top view, a sectional side view and true shape of the section. 4. A sphere of 60 mm diameter is cut by a section plane perpendicular to V.P., inclined at 45o to H.P. and at a distance 12 mm from its centre. Draw the sectional top view and the true shape of the section.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 08 TITLE: SECTION OF SOLIDS

1. A cone, base 70 mm diameter, axis 75 mm long and resting on its base on H.P., is cut by a vertical section plane, the H.T. of which is 12 mm away from the top view of the axis. Draw the sectional front view, top view and the true shape of the section if: (i.) H.T of vertical section plane makes an angle 60o with reference line xy, (ii.) vertical section plane is parallel to V.P. What are the names of the true shapes of the section? 2. A cone, base 80 mm diameter and axis 80 mm long is resting on its base on the H.P. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to the V.P., cutting the axis at its midpoint. Draw its front view, sectional top, sectional side view and true shape of the section if: (i.) section plane is inclined at an angle 30o to the H.P. (ii.) section plane is parallel to one of generator of the cone. What are the names of the true shapes of the section? 3. A hollow cylinder, 50 mm outside diameter, axis 80 mm long and thickness 10 mm has its axis parallel to the V.P. and inclined at 60o to the horizontal. It is cut into two equal halves by a horizontal section plane. Draw its sectional top view. 4. A hexagonal prism, side of base 25 mm long and height 65 mm, has a face on the H.P. and the axis parallel to the V.P. It is cut by a vertical section plane, the H.T. of which makes an angle of 45o with reference line xy and which cuts the axis at a point 20 mm from one of its ends. Draw the sectional front view, top view and the true shape of the section.

SHEET NO. 09 TITLE: INTERSECTION OF SURFACES TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. A vertical cylinder of 75 mm diameter is completely penetrated by another cylinder of 50 mm diameter, their axes bisecting each other at right angles. Draw their projections showing the curves of penetration, assuming the axis of penetrating cylinder to be parallel to H.P. and V.P. both. 2. A vertical cone, diameter of base 80 mm and axis 100 mm long, is completely penetrated by a cylinder of 50 mm diameter and the axis of the cylinder is parallel to the H.P. and V.P. both and intersects the axis of the cone at a point 30 mm above the base. Draw the projection of the solids showing the curves of intersection. 3. A vertical hole of 50 mm diameter is drilled through a sphere of 80 mm diameter. The axis of the hole is 10 mm away from the centre of the sphere. Draw the three views of the sphere, when a vertical plane containing the centre of the sphere and the axis of the hole is inclined at an angle 60o to the V.P.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 09 TITLE: INTERSECTION OF SURFACES

1. A vertical cylinder of 80 mm diameter is penetrated by another cylinder of 50 mm diameter, the axis of which is parallel to H.P. and V.P. both. The axes of two cylinders are skew (non-parallel and non-intersecting) and 10 mm apart. Draw the projections showing the curve of intersection. 2. A vertical cylinder of 80 mm diameter is penetrated by a cone, base 80 mm diameter and axis 120 mm long, the two axes bisecting each other at right angles. Draw the front view showing the lines of intersection. 3. Draw an equilateral triangle of 100 mm side with one side horizontal. Draw a square of 35 mm side in its centre with its sides inclined at an angle 45o to the base of the triangle. The figure shows the front view of a cone standing on its base on the horizontal ground and having a square hole cut through it. Draw the three views of the cone. 4. Two circular pipes of 75 mm and 50 mm diameters (inside) meet at an angle 30o. The axes of both the pipes are in one plane parallel to V.P. and the 75 mm pipe is vertical. The thickness of the pipes is 6 mm in both cases. Draw the projections showing the curves of intersection.

SHEET NO. 10 TITLE: DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES TIME: ONE TURN (THREE PERIODS)

1. Develop the lateral surface of a truncated cylinder shown in Figure I. 2. Draw the development of lateral surface of the residual part of a right circular cone after cutting some parts from top and bottom shown in Figure II.




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3. An air-conditioning duct of a square cross-section 70 mm X 70 mm connects a circular pipe of 40 mm diameter through the transition piece 60mm long shown in Figure IV. Develop the lateral surface of the transition piece.

HOME ASSIGNMENT NO. 10 TITLE: DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES

1. A right circular cone having length of its axis 70 mm and diameter of its base 50 mm is resting on the horizontal ground. An ant starts its journey from a point at the circumference of its base goes around the cone and reaches at the same point. Find the length of the shortest path of the ant and show it in the plan and elevation of the cone. Also show this shortest path on the development of lateral surface of the cone. 2. Draw the development of lateral surface of the cylinder having diameter 80 mm and height 70 mm with a square hole of side 20 mm in it as shown in Figure III. The axis of square hole bisects the axis of cylinder which passes through two of the corner edges of square hole. 3. A 50 mm cylindrical pipe branches off at 90o from a 75 mm cylindrical main pipe as shown in Figure V. Draw the development of both the pipes at the joint. Assume suitable lengths for the main pipe as well as for the branch pipe. 4. Draw the approximate development of the outer surface of a sphere having diameter 50 mm by using (i.) zone method, and (ii.) lune method.

80 SQ

80 80 70

20SQ 40

30o

50 φ 50 φ Figure I Figure II 40 φ Figure III 60 70φ 50φ 70 SQ Figure V

Figure IV All dimensions are in mm.

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Engineering Graphics I