ENGLISH LOAN WORDSLatin, Spanish, Italian

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ENGLISH LOAN WORDSENGLISH LOAN WORDS

• Loanwords are  words  adopted  by  the  speakers  of  one language from a different language .

• Borrowing is a consequence of cultural contact between two language communities.

• English  has  gone  through  many  periods  in  which  large numbers of words from a particular language were borrowed.

GERMANIC PERIOD, LATIN INFLUENCEGERMANIC PERIOD, LATIN INFLUENCE

• The source words are generally attested in Latin texts, in the large body of Latin writings that were preserved through the ages.

• Examples :

LATIN ENGLISH

Straet Street

Weall Wall

LATIN INFLUENCELATIN INFLUENCE

• English has lots of words of Latin origin. Some of these words are changed to make them more like other English words.

LATIN ENGLISH MEANING

Agenda Agenda Things to be done

Memorandum Memorandum Reminder

Memoriam In memoriam In memory of

Interim Interim  Meanwhile, interval

Item Item  Likewise, also, bit of news

Pro Pro and cons For and against

p.m p.m Post meridiem, after noon

a.m a.m  Ante meridiem,before noon

Census Census Count of citizens

Veto Veto  'I forbid' used as a way of stopping the passage of a law.

ExamplesExamples

1. I read the bit of news about the Jesus tomb with more than a touch of skepticism.

2. He emailed a reminder about the Discovery Channel program on Sunday.

3. Epitaphs can be written in memory of loved ones.

4.A tribune had the power of preventing the law from being passed.

Item Memorandum Memoriam Veto

Latin words borrowed before the settlement in Latin words borrowed before the settlement in EnglandEngland

Latin words adopted during the Anglo-Saxon Latin words adopted during the Anglo-Saxon periodperiod

1414thth and 15 and 15thth century century

English Words Borrowed From SpanishEnglish Words Borrowed From Spanish

•Rodeo, pronto, taco, enchilada- English or Spanish?

•Many Spanish words have come to the U.S.

•The following is a list of Spanish words borrowed by English.

English Words Borrowed From SpanishEnglish Words Borrowed From Spanish

Spanish English Meaning

Vainilla Vanilla an extract used in flavoring food

El Lagarto  Alligator

Bobo Booby Silly

cafetería Cafeteria a lunchroom or dining hall

cañon Canyon Deep valley with steep sides.

Mariguana  Marijuana grass, pot, weed- Cannabis sativa.

Barracuda Barracuda Sub-tropical fish

Coyote Coyote Slender wolf with long ears

Mosquito Mosquito Little fly

Los Ángeles Los Angeles city in California

ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ITALIANITALIAN

• Especially musical and culinary terms. 

ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ITALIANFROM ITALIAN

Italian English Meaning

Sonetto Sonnet  a poem, properly expressive of a    single, complete thought, idea, or sentiment, of 14   lines.

Novella Novel  a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length and complexity, portraying characters 

Scenario  Scenario  scene

Balcone Balcony a platform projecting from the wall of a building.

Studio  Studio  room for study

Banca  Bank  counter where money-changers transacted their business.

Banca rotta  Bankrupt bank broken

Salami , plural of Salame Salami  spiced pork sausage

Broccoli Broccoli Vegetable

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ReferencesReferences

Latin

http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/loanwords.html

http://www.palgrave.com/language/freeborn/site/pdfs/Loan_words_pdfs/03_Latin.pdf

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=2310028&jid=ASE&volumeId=6&issueId=-1&aid=2310020

Spanish

http://www.dailywritingtips.com/spanish-loan-words/http://www.infoplease.com/spot/spanishwords1.html

http://www.english-for-students.com/Spanish-Loan-Words.html

Italian

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Italian_loanwords

http://www.english-for-students.com/Italian-Loan-Words.html

http://department.monm.edu/classics/Courses/CLAS224/Handouts/Words/Italian.LOANWORD.htm