Tense Form Use Wordsrelated

PRESENT SIMPLE +’s (she / he / it)

Do/doesDon’t/doesn’t

- Habits- Routines- Timetables- General Truths

Always, often, never, usually, everyday, week...Three times a week...

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TO BE (am/is/are) + ing

- Things that are happening at the time of speaking.

- Things that are happening in a periodaroundnowfuture.

NowTodayAt present ThisYearAt the momentThesedaysLook! Listen!

PAST SIMPLERegulars verbs + edIrregular verbs list

Didyou...?Didn’t - NegativeForm

- Action took place in the past.

- One action after another. (stories)

- Finished action in the past.

Last night/weekAgoIn 1990YesterdayIn the past

PAST CONTINUOUS Was/were +ingWasn’t/weren’t +ing

- An action happened in the middle of another.

- Someone was doing something at a certain time in the past.

While/asPast continuous + when + past simpleAt 8 o’clock (+ anhour)YesterdayLastNight

PAST PERFECT Had + past participle- When we talk about things

before this past

- time, we use the past perfect.

- It was six oclock, so most of the shops had closed.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Have/has + 3rd columnHaven’t/hasn’t + 3rd

- Recent Action- To saysomethingthat has

happened in the past andit

YetTodayNeverThisMorning... EverHow long have...?AlreadyLately

columnHave+subject+3rd column?

has a connectionwiththepresent.

So Far AlwaysUp to nowSeveralTimesSince/For RecentlyJust

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Have + been+ -ingformHaven’t + been + -ingform?

- We use the present perfect continuous for an action over a period of time leading up to the present

- We can use the present perfect continuous to talk about repeated actions up to now.

- For, since, how long and recently, lately.

FUTURE WITH WILL Will + infinitiveformWon’t + infinitveform

- To talkaboutfutureactions- Predictionsbased on

anything- Sudden decisions

takenatthe moment of speaking

“Thephone is ringing.I’llanswerit”

FUTURE WITH GOING TO

To be + going to + infinitiveform

- To talkabout plans, predictionsbased on evidenceand decisions.

LaterSoonIn anhourTomorrowNextyearIn + a yearIn thefuture

FUTURE (PRESENT CONTINUOUS)

To be + ing - Fixedevents on thefuture- Arranged

Thesametime expressions as going to andwill.

FIRST CONDITIONALIf + present simple + will + infinitive

- To talk about future actions. - Real conditional. Real facts.

If you don’t study harder, you won’t pass the exam. (evidence situation about the present)

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If + past simple + would + infinitive

- Dreams, wishes. Things that are irreal.

- Less probable action.

If I won 1 milion, I would buy a big house.

PASSIVEA passive verb is a form ofBe (is, was, had been, have been) + a passive participle

We use it when the subject (who does the action) is not important. The most important thing is the ACTION.

- We use by to introduce the agent.

- The telephone was invented by Bell.

THIRD CONDITIONALIf + past perfect + would have + 3rd column

- We use type 3 conditionals to talk about things in the past happening differently from the way they really happened.

- We normally use it for regretting the situations or criticizing people or actions.

If you'd been a bit more careful, you wouldn't have cut yourself.