I. PRESENT TENSESPattern/Pola Examples/Contoh Adverbial of Time/Keterangan Waktu Function/Meaning

1. Present Simple S + V.1 (es/s) It rains everyday every …… (everyday, every week, every month, etc), always, usually, often, rarely, etc.

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang biasa terjadi, selalu terjadi, merupakan suatu kebiasaan, menunjukkan suatu kebenaran umum

2. Present Progressive

S + is/am/are +V.ing We are studying English now, at the moment, at present menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sedang terjadi saat ini (saat pembicaraan)

3. Present Perfect S + have/has +V.3 We have finished our test since …………for …………..already, yet

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau, akan tetapi pengaruh yang ditimbulkan masih dirasakan pada saat sekarang (saat pembicaraan)

4. Present Perfect Progessive

S + have/has been +V.ing We have been studying for two hours since …………for …………..all morning, all day, all week

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sudah mulai terjadi di masa lampau, masih berlangsung sampai sekarang

II. PAST TENSESPattern/Pola Examples/Contoh Adverbial of Time/Keterangan Waktu Function/Meaning

1. Past Simple S + V.2 It rained yesterday yesterday, …… ago (a month ago, two months ago, etc), last …… (last week, last month, etc)

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau

2. Past Progressive

S + was/were +V.ing We were studying English yesterday, …… ago (a month ago, two months ago, etc), last …… (last week, last month, etc)

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sedang terjadi di masa lampau

3. Past Perfect S + had +V.3 We had finished our test. since …………for …………..

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau, pengaruh yang ditimbulkan berakhir dimasa lampau pula

4. Past Perfect Progessive

S + had been +V.ing We had been studying for two hours since …………for …………..

menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang sudah mulai terjadi di masa lampau, dan berakhir dimasa lampau pula

III. FUTURE TENSESPattern/Pola Examples/Contoh Adverbial of Time/Keterangan Waktu Function/Meaning

1. Future Simple S + will + V.1S + be going to + V.1

It will rain tomorrowIt is going to rain tomorrow

tomorrow, next …… (next week, next month, next year, etc) menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi akan terjadi dimasa mendatang, merupakan suatu rencana

2. Future Progressive

S + will be + V.ing We will be studying English tomorrow, next …… (next week, next month, next year, etc) menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang akan sedang terjadi dimasa mendatang

3. Future Perfect S + will have + V.3 We will have finished our test tomorrow, next …… (next week, next month, next year, etc) menerangkan suatu keadaan/kondisi yang akan terjadi dan akan selesai di masa mendatang, dan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan baru akan dirasakan pada masa mendatang pula

PASSIVE FORMS

ACTIVE PASSIVEpresent simple Anna helps Peter Peter is helped by Annapresent progressive

Anna is helping Peter Peter is being helped by Anna

present perfect Anna has helped Peter Peter has been helped by Annapast simple Anna helped Peter Peter was helped by Annapast progressive Anna was helping Peter Peter was being helped by Annapast perfect Anna had helped Peter Peter had been helped by Annawill Anna will help Peter Peter will be helped by Annabe going to Anna is going to help Peter Peter is going to be helped by Annafuture perfect Anna will have helped Peter Peter will have been helped by Anna

Modals: will, can, should, may, might,

Eng-lax

etcS + modals+V1

Eng-lax