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Entity Relationship Diagram Entity Relationship Diagram

Source: http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/standards/cdwa/entity.html

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Metadata for Cultural Objects and Metadata for Cultural Objects and Visual ResourcesVisual Resources

CDWA CDWA VRA VRA CoreCore

CCO: CCO: Cataloging Cultural ObjectsCataloging Cultural Objects

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Overview of standards Overview of standards for the cultural heritage community

Cataloging Cultural Object (CCO)

Cataloging Cultural Object (CCO)

VRA Core (Visual Resources

Association Core Categories)

VRA Core (Visual Resources

Association Core Categories)

CDWA (Categories for the Description

of Works of Art)

CDWA (Categories for the Description

of Works of Art)

Data structure standards

Data content standard

CDWA Lite CDWA Lite

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What am I describing?[tasks are referred to as: cataloging,

describing, registering, managing, creating metadata …]

Need to understand:1. Catalog level2. Work vs. image 3. Related works

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1. Catalog Level1. Catalog LevelItemItemGroupGroupVolumeVolumeCollectionCollectionSeriesSeriesSetSetComponentComponent

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• Works may be – complex, consisting of multiple parts, – created in series

• First question: Are you dealing with a part of a work that belongs to a larger whole?

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. Catalog Level

1. Item – an individual object or work, may be composed of multiple parts or components

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. Catalog Level

2. Group

An archival group (or record group) is an aggregate of items that share a common provenance. – several thousand items (e.g., the entire

body of drawings, models, and written documents from an architect's office)

– a few items (e.g., a handful of surviving drawings from one architectural project).

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2. Group (cont.)• a group often

contains many different types of objects

• cataloging focuses on the description of coherent, collective bodies of works

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3. Volume

A volume comprises sheets of paper, vellum, papyrus, or another material that are bound together. – printed books, manuscripts,

sketchbooks, or albums

. Catalog Level

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4. Collection

A collection comprises multiple items that are conceptually or physically arranged together for the purpose of cataloging or retrieval. – A collection differs from an archival

group because the items in a collection are bound informally for convenience and do not necessarily share a common provenance or otherwise meet the criteria for an archival group.

. Catalog Level

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5. Series

A series comprises a number of works that were created in temporal succession by the same artist or studio and intended by the creator(s) to be seen together or in succession as a cycle of works.

. Catalog Level

Image source: http://www.kellypacker.com/portfolio/art_work_by_series/category/self-portraits/

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6. Set

A set is an assembly of items that the creator intended to be together (e.g., a tea set, a desk set, a pair of terrestrial and celestial globes). – A set differs from a collection in that it is typically

smaller and was intended by the creator to be grouped together.

. Catalog Level

the object comprises bowl, lid, and stand

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7. Component

A component is a part of a larger item. – A component differs from an item in that the item

can stand alone as an independent work but the component typically cannot or does not stand alone (e.g., a panel of a polyptych, an architectural component).

. Catalog Level

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Levels of cataloging in different Levels of cataloging in different disciplinesdisciplines

• Most common levels:– groups, subgroups, volumes, and single items

• Archives:– group level – intellectual or physical groups

• Museums:– item level -- assigning accession numbers and

other catalog information to every individual object in their collections.

• Libraries:– volume level -- typically do not catalog individual

prints or illustrations in the pages of a volume.

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A work – is a distinct intellectual or artistic creation

limited primarily to objects and structures made by humans

– including • built works • visual art works • cultural artifacts• … …

A work is a physical entity that exists, has existed at some time in the past, or that could exist in the future.

2. Work vs. Image2. Work vs. Image

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2. Work vs. Image

An image – is a visual representation of a work. – It typically exists in

• Photomechanical format • Photographic format• digital format

– In a typical visual resources collection, an image is a slide, photograph, or digital file.

– Images do not include three-dimensional physical models, drawings, paintings, or sculptures, which are works in their own right.

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• Data set describing a chair that was documented by a photograph. The photograph was later copied to a slide format and scanned to create a digital image.

• Frederick C. Robie House dining chair • Designer: Wright, Frank L. (1867-1959)

• See VRA Example 3. http://www.vraweb.org/resources/datastandards/vracore3/examples.html

Work vs. Image: an example

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Designed by Frank L Wright during1906-1909

Documented by Henry Fuermann in 1910

A slide made in 1985 & scanned in 1997

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Record Type = workType = architectural furnitureType = seating furnitureType = dining chairType = tall back chairType = spindle-back chairTitle = Frederick C. Robie House dining chairMeasurements.Dimensions = 52.5 x 18 x 19.25 cmMaterial. Medium = oakMaterial.Medium = leatherTechnique = cabinet makingTechnique = upholsteringCreator.Personal Name = Wright, Frank L. (1867-1959)Creator.Role = designerDate.Design = 1906Date.Completion = 1909Location.Current Repository = Chicago (IL,USA),University of Chicago,David & Alfred Smart Museum of ArtLocation.Former Site = Frederick C. Robie House, Chicago, IL, USID Number.Current Repository = 1965.2.14furnStyle/Period = Arts and CraftsCulture = AmericanRelation.Part of = Frederic C. Robie HouseDescription = The dining chair is part of a set of six designed specifically for the dining room of the Frederick C. Robie House.Rights = David & Alfred Smart Museum of Art, University of Chicago, IL, US

VRA Core 3 Example

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Record Type = workType = photographType = gelatin silver printTitle = interior view of Frederic C. Robie House dinning room with furnishingsMeasurements.Dimensions = 8x10"Material.Medium = gelatinMaterial.Medium = silverMaterial.Support = photo paperTechnique = photographyTechnique = gelatin silver processCreator.Personal name = Fuermann, HenryCreator.Role = photographerDate.Creation = 1910Location.Current Repository = Scottsdale (AZ, US), Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, Taliesin WestID Number.Current Repository = 0908.018Culture = AmericanSubject = Frank C. Robie HouseSubject = dining roomSubject = dining tableSubject = dining chairSubject = stained glass windowRights = Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, Taliesin West, Scottsdale, AZ, US

VRA Core 3 Example

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Record Type = imageType = slideTitle = interior view of Frederick C. Robie House dining room with furnishingsMeasurements.Dimensions = 2x2"Measurements.Format = 35 mmMeasurements.Format = horizontalTechnique = photographyCreator = Mole, ChristopherCreator.Role = copy photographerDate.Creation = 1985Location.Current Repository = Albuquerque (NM, US), University of New Mexico, Bainbridge Bunting Slide LibraryID Number.Current Repository = UNM d000614ID Number.Current Repository = FURN/AMER/Wright/Robie.383787Source = gift of Christopher MoleRights = Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation,Taliesin West, Scottsdale, AZ, US

VRA Core 3 Example

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Record Type = imageType = digitalTitle = interior view of Frederick C. Robie House dining room with furnishingsMeasurements.Dimensions = 72dpiMeasurements.Format = jpegTechnique = scanningCreator.Personal Name = Gopher.MaryCreator.Role = scannerDate.Creation = 1997Location.Current Repository =  Albuquerque (NM, US), University of New Mexico, Bainbridge Bunting Slide LibraryID Number.Current Repository = 1977-4.ar302.jpegSource = UNM dOOO614Rights = Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, Taliesin West, Scottsdale, AZ, US

VRA Core 3 Example

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Relationships between Work and Relationships between Work and Image Records Image Records

• In a relational database structure– a record for the image would be linked to a

record for the work

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one work – many images

– a work may be linked to multiple images (e.g., when there is more than one image of the work)

StonehengeStonehenge

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–an image may be linked to multiple works (e.g., when more than one work appears in the same image)

one image – depicts multiple works

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3. Related works3. Related works

• Related Works are those having an important conceptual relationship with each other

• Records for Related Works are linked to each other in the database.

• An intrinsic relationship is essential and must be recorded to enable effective searches.

• An extrinsic relationship is not essential; although recording it may be informative, the cataloger need not identify the extrinsic relationship during the cataloging process.

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Intrinsic relationshipIntrinsic relationship-- a direct relationship between two works

• Whole-Part Relationships• Group and Collection Relationships• Series Relationships• Components and Architectural Works

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Extrinsic RelationshipsExtrinsic Relationships -- two or more works have a relationship that is informative, but not essential

The described work and the referenced work can stand independently.

• = a see also reference in a bibliographic record • temporal association: e.g., with works done after the

original work, such as works that clearly reference other works while not necessarily being copies of them.

• spatial association: e.g., two or more works intended to be seen together.

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References

• Some slides are from Patricia Harpring: Documentation & Access: Indexing with the Getty Vocabularies, 2006 – http://cendi.dtic.mil/presentations/harpring.PPT

• CDWA (Categories for the Description of Works of Art)- http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/cdwa/

• VRA Core Documentation– http://www.vraweb.org/projects/vracore4/index.html

• Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO) – http://cco.vrafoundation.org/