Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Population undernourished in %0 - 8
9 - 8
9 - 12
13 - 16
17 - 19
20 - 25
no data
0 500 1.000250km
±
Forest area in %3 - 15
16 - 37
38 - 51
52 - 67
68 - 92
no data
0 500 1.000250km
±
Recorded edible insects1 - 2
3 - 4
5 - 17
18 - 71
72 - 93
94 - 283
no data
0 500 1.000250km
±
Rural population od total in %
2 - 14
15 - 28
29 - 47
48 - 56
57 - 68
69 - 87
no data
0 500 1.000250km
±
Entomophagy as a solution strategy for sustainable and regional food security- a participatory approach to
identify the requirement of insect mini-livestock
contact: M.A. Kristina Schnorr, Insitute of Human Geographie,
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg [email protected] or contact me via linked in
1. IntroductionFacing the upcoming demographic change in the world, there is need for new resources to react to the worlds demand for food. The current industrial system, which is notoriously based on mass production that frequently leads to ecological damage, social problems, and food wastage, can not be considered a suit-able solution. Though creepy, crawly creatures are discussed to play a part in ensuring food security and the potential of edi-ble insects to compensate food insecurity is examined. Insects are considered as an easy, ecological, proteinrich and nutritive source of food. Collected in the wild or raised by the use of mi-ni-livestock, the consumption of insects could improve the qual-ity of the daily diet of people suffering from malnutrition and also be a part of source of income (VAN HUIS et al. 2013). In my Phd thesis I will test these assumptions in a region where food security is a problem, but entomophagy is not a new concept.
2. Previous researchAs part of my Master thesis “Entomophagy as a solution strategy for global food security” I attended the conference: “insects to feed the world“ 2014. The overall conclusion was that there is still a lack of research in different areas, but promoting insects has to be pursued. Most of the insects intended for human consumption are collected in the wild. An intensification of this “non-cultivat-ing method” might lead to unpredictable consequences for the ecosystem and legal questions concerning property rights need to be considered (VAN HUIS et al. 2013). On the other hand, insect farms in Thailand are regarded as a non-capital and non-labor in-tensive possibility to cultivate edible insects (DURST et al. 2013). However, these insects are mainly used for snacks. The question is: could this model of semi-cultivation or mini-livestock be applied in other regions to create a sustainable source of healthy food.
4. Methods• Participatory approach: the researcher is open minded and
does not bring the problem (and the solution) to the commu-nity, but works with the community• Questionnaires and interviews about the actual daily diet
and deficiencies in nutrition, with special regards towards entomophagy
• Seasonal calendar of collecting insects to gather informa-tion about particular species, their ecology, special methods of collecting and preparing them
• Daily schedule (time required for generating food, especial-ly collecting insects)
• Group discussion about the possibility of insect farming and mini-livestock
• Open set of methods • Statistical evaluation of questionnaires and daily schedule
3. ObjectiveAccording to the FAO, food security is a multidimensional prob-lem, meaning that improving or changing one aspect of food production can only be one part of a solution (FAO 2014: 13). Developing this further, Post-Development Approaches criticize the current general understanding of “development”; the thesis is that “copying” the western, capitalistic system of mass pro-duction of food to a “under-developed” region, disregarding its culture, history, and ecology, might do more harm than anything good (ZIAI 2012: 137). Regional and individual cirsumstances and needs should be the main concerns. Therefore, the focus of this study will be to include vulnerable people in trying to es-tablish semi-cultivation or mini-livestock of edible insects as one part of improving food security in a particular region. So it is im-portant to keep not only their individuality and regional char-acteristics in mind, but also their knowledge and experience.
References: • Conference „insects to feed the world“ (2014), Ede. • VAN HUIS, A.; J. VAN ITTERBEECK; H. KLUNDER; E. MERTENS; A. HALLORAN; G. MUIR and P. VANTOMME (2013): Edible insects: future prospects for
food and feed security. Editor: FAO. Rom.• DURST, P.B.; Y. HANBOONSONG and T. JAMJANYA (2013): Six-legged livestock: edible insect farming, collection and marketing in Thailand. Editor:
FAO. Rom.• FAO, WFP and IFAD (2014): The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2014. Strengthening the enabling environment for food security and nutriti-
on. Rom.• SCHNORR, K. (2015): „insects to feed the world“- entomphagy as a solution strategy for food security. Master thesis. Erlangen.
5. Examination regionThe profile of my examination region should com-bine different aspects:• demand to improve food security • tradition of entomophagy• tropical region (greater variety of species)• rural community with proximity to forest or jun-
gle (higher occurrence of edible insect popula-tions)
• Currently looking for a cooperation/project in South-East Asia, specifically Myanmar, Laos, Viet Nam or Cambodia.
Forest Area by Country in South-East Asia
1
3: Own Editing; Data: FAO 2015 URL: www.fao.org, catography: thematicmapping.org
Population undernourished by Country in South-East Asia
Rural Population by Country in South-East Asia
Recorded edible insects by Country in South-East Asia
1: Own editing; Data: Worldbank URL: data.worldbank.org, catography: thematicmapping.org
2
2: Own editing; Data: Worldbank URL: data.worldbank.org, catography: thematicmapping.org
3
4
4: Own Editing; Data: WUR URL: www.wageningenur.nl , catography: thematicmapping.org
