Upload
richard-billings
View
161
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
So why is air pollution important?
So how do we protect ourselves from pollution?
Criteria pollutants
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)
Greenhouse Gases
Ambient criteria pollutant standards
Pollutant[final rule cite]
Primary/ Secondary Averaging Time Level Form
Carbon Monoxide primary8-hour 9 ppm
Not to be exceeded more than once per year
1-hour 35 ppm
Lead primary and secondary
Rolling 3 month average 0.15 μg/m3 (1) Not to be exceeded
Nitrogen Dioxide primary 1-hour 100 ppb 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years
primary andsecondary
Annual 53 ppb (2) Annual Mean
Ozone primary and secondary 8-hour 0.075 ppm (3) Annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hr
concentration, averaged over 3 years
Particulate PM10 primary and secondary Annual 15 μg/m3 annual mean, averaged over 3 years
Particulate PM2.5 24-hour 35 μg/m3 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years
24-hour 150 μg/m3 Not to be exceeded more than once per year on average over 3 years
Sulfur Dioxide primary 1-hour 75 ppb (4) 99th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years
secondary 3-hour 0.5 ppm Not to be exceeded more than once per year
State Implementation Plans
Standard Area Attainment Status
PM-2.5 1997 Greensboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC
Nonattainment
PM-2.5 1997 Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC
Nonattainment
8-Hr Ozone Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC
Moderate
Voluntary programsAgSTAR ProgramBurn Wise Clean Diesel Campaign Clean Construction USA Clean Ports USA Clean School Bus USA Diesel Retrofit Coal Combustion Products Partnership (C2P2)Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (CMOP)Combined Heat and Power PartnershipCommunity-Based Childhood Asthma ProgramsDesign for the EnvironmentEnergyStarEnvironmental Technology Verification ProgramGreenChillGreen Power PartnershipGreen Racing InitiativeGreenScapesGreen Suppliers NetworkHigh GWP Partnership Programs Landfill Methane Outreach Program (LMOP)Mobile Air Conditioning Partnership Natural Gas STAR ProgramPesticide Environmental Stewardship ProgramSmartWay Transport PartnershipVoluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership
Regulated HAPsHazardous Air Pollutants ( 33/188 Regulated Chemicals)
1. acetaldehyde 18. formaldehyde
2. acrolein 19. hexachlorobenzene
3. acrylonitrile 20. hydrazine
4. arsenic compounds 21. lead compounds
5. benzene 22. manganese compounds
6. beryllium compounds 23. mercury compounds
7. 1, 3-butadiene 24. methylene chloride
8. cadmium compounds 25. nickel compounds
9. carbon tetrachloride 26. perchloroethylene
10. chloroform 27. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
11. chromium compounds 28. polycyclic organic matter (POM)*
12. coke oven emissions 29. propylene dichloride
13. 1, 3-dichloropropene 30. quinoline
14. diesel particulate matter 31. 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethane
15. ethylene dibromide 32. trichloroethylene
16. ethylene dichloride 33. vinyl chloride
17. ethylene oxide
Process- specific regulationsNESHAP (MACT) STANDARD
AerospaceAcrylic / Modacrylic Fiber (area sources)Asphalt Processing andAsphalt Roofing ManufacturingAuto & Light Duty Truck (surface coating)Benzene Waste Operations Boat Manufacturing Brick and Structural Clay Products ManufacturingClay Ceramics ManufacturingCellulose Products Manufacturing Miscellaneous Viscose Processes Cellulose Food Casing Rayon Cellulosic Sponge Cellophane Cellulose Ethers Production Caroxymethyl Cellulose Methyl Cellulose Cellulose EthersChromium Electroplating Chromic Acid Anodizing Decorative Chromium Electroplating Hard Chromium ElectroplatingClay Ceramics ManufacturingCoke OvensCombustion Sources at Kraft, Soda, and Sulfite Pulp & Paper MillsCommercial SterilizersDegreasing Organic CleanersDry Cleaning Commercial dry cleaning dry-to-dry Commercial dry cleaning transfer machines Industrial dry cleaning dry-to-dry Industrial dry cleaning transfer machines
Improvements to shipping
More hybrid/electric vehicles
Wind/solar/geothermal
Fuel cell technologies
Changes in life style to reduce energy consumption and emissionsSmart growth measures
◦Easier to integrate alternative energy options
◦Easier to provide public transportation
◦Reduced passenger car VMT◦Encourage walking and bike riding◦Better linkage with community
SummaryWe are able to reduce emissions
while still sustaining growthGHG challenges can be
addresses with available technologies to make US businesses more competitive
Sustainable cities can be developed that reduce fuel consumption and improve quality of life