Environmental GeologyAPES

MS LC

Objective 16.1Understand some basic geologic principles

including how tectonic plate movements affect conditions for life on the earth

Key Ideas Layers of the earth Tectonic plates Magma and it’s evil ways Common elements/where they came from

Layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth

Layers

of

the Earth

Tectonic plates

Tectonic platesThree

Types

Of

Plate

Boundaries

Tectonic plates

Tectonic plates

Magma and it’s evil ways

Common elements/where they came from Even though there are 92 elements that are naturally found,

only eight of them are common in the rocks that make up the Earth’s outer layer, the crust. Together, these 8 elements make up more than 98% of the crust.

The 8 most common elements in Earth’s crust (by mass): 46.6% Oxygen (O)27.7% Silicon (Si)8.1% Aluminum (Al)5.0% Iron (Fe)3.6% Calcium (Ca)2.8% Sodium (Na)2.6% Potassium (K)2.1% Magnesium (Mg)

Objective 16.2 Explain how the three major rock types are

formed and how the rock cycle works

Key Ideas Define rock and mineral Types of rocks Rock cycle Weathering and erosion

Minerals: Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid element or

compound with a definite chemical composition or regular crystal structure

Analogy: batter, chocolate chips, nuts

Rocks

-solid, cohesive aggregate of one or more minerals

-3 types of rock

Analogy: a chocolate chip cookie with nuts

Three Types of RocksSedimentary

Igneous

Metamorphic

How are Rocks Formed? http://sln.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/

The Rock Cycle

The Rock Cycle

Weathering

Physical Weathering

Chemical WeatheringThe process of chemical weathering tends to  increase bulk creating stress within rocks lower the density minerals decreased particle  size resulting in increased

surface area  creates more mobile materials creates more stable minerals

Erosion

Sedimentation

Sedimentation

Objective 16.3

Summarize economic mineralogy and strategic minerals

Key Ideas Primary uses of Metals in the US Strategic minerals and metals

Major Metals Consumed in the US

Uses of Minerals http://www.nma.org/publications/

common_minerals.asp

Metalshttp://www.steelbb.com/steelmaps/

Strategic minerals and metals http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?

qid=20090824152811AAqIyS6

http://www.emporia.edu/earthsci/amber/go336/natalie/newindex.htm

http://www.nss.org/settlement/L5news/1983-strategicmetals.htm

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952561,00.html

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952561,00.html

Objective 16.4 Discuss the environmental effects of mining

and mineral processing

Objective 16.6 Recognize the geologic hazards of

earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis