Traffic&SignallingEPC Dimensioning ToolPhase 1Phase 2 Phase 3Subscriber (SAU)124millionsRequired inputsSmartphones0.0%25.0%50.0%percentageOutputsData cards100.0%75.0%50.0%percentageCalculationsSmartphones0500,0002,000,000number of devicesData cards1,000,0001,500,0002,000,000number of devices

Bearer SubscriberActive subscribersAPN1Internet Access1AllAPN2Office VPN130% of data cardsData Session Profile for a SmartphoneAPN1APN1APN1APN2APN1Web browsingEmailVideo StreamingOffice VPNGamingTraffic TipologyInternetInternetInternetVPNInternetSession Size20.51010.04MBSession per BH1410.251Downlink85%80%95%60%60%percentageTraffic volume during BH DL&UL22100.250.04MBTraffic volume during BH DL1.71.69.50.150.024MBTotal Traffic volume during BH (Internet) in DL&UL14.04MBTotal Traffic during BH (Internet) in DL12.824MBTotal Traffic volume during BH (Office VPN) in DL&UL0.25MBTotal Traffic during BH (Office VPN) in DL0.15MBData Session Profile for a Data CardTraffic TipologyInternetInternetInternetVPNInternetSession Size221020.04MBSession per BH1210.51Downlink85%80%95%60%60%percentageTraffic volume during BH DL&UL241010.04MBTraffic volume during BH DL1.73.29.50.60.024MBTotal Traffic volume during BH (Internet) in DL&UL16.04MBTotal Traffic during BH (Internet) in DL14.424MBTotal Traffic volume during BH (Office VPN) in DL&UL1.00MBTotal Traffic during BH (Office VPN) in DL0.6MBTotal traffic in the BH for Internet & Office VPN (DL&UL)Phase 1Phase 2 Phase 3Total traffic volume for all smartphones07,020,00028,080,000MBTotal traffic volume for all data cards16,040,00024,060,00032,080,000MBTotal traffic16,040,00031,080,00060,160,000MBBH throughput for Internet DL&UL35.6469.07133.69GbpsData cards using Office VPN30%30%30%BHBH throughput for Office VPN DL&UL300,000450,000600,000MBBH throughput for Office VPN DL&UL0.671.001.33GbpsTotal traffic in the BH for DL Internet & Office VPNPhase 1Phase 2 Phase 3Total traffic volume for all smartphones06,412,00025,648,000MBTotal traffic volume for all data cards14,424,00021,636,00028,848,000MBTotal traffic14,424,00028,048,00054,496,000MBBH throughput for Internet DL32.0562.33121.10GbpsData cards using Office VPN30%30%30%BHBH throughput for Office VPN DL180,000270,000360,000MBBH throughput for Office VPN DL0.400.600.80GbpsSignallingProcedureProcedures / Subscriber /BHPhase 1Phase 2 Phase 3Active User during BH 90%90%90%percentageAttach1900,0001,800,0003,600,000Idle to Active and back Transitions5045,000,00090,000,000180,000,000PDN Connection Setup0.5450,000900,0001,800,000Bearer Activation/Deactivation0.5450,000900,0001,800,000X2 Handovers0.25225,000450,000900,000TAU0.190,000180,000360,000Inter-MME handovers0.019,00018,00036,000Inter-MME TAU0.019,00018,00036,000

Configuration DetailsREQUIRED NODESComponentsMetricsunitValue%Operating CapacityPhase 1 Phase 2Phase 3MMESimultaneous Attached Users (SAU)subscribes3,000,00085%2,550,000112Idle to Active Transitions/secondtrans/sec2000085%17000123Transactions/secondtrans/sec2500085%21250S-GWNumber of Acive Bearersbearers8,000,00085%6,800,000111Data Processing CapacityGbps3085%25.5Internet236VPN111P-GWNumber of Acive Bearersbearers8,000,00085%6,800,000111Data Processing CapacityGbps3085%25.5Internet236VPN111Combined S-GW/P-GWNumber of Acive Bearersbearers4,000,00085%3,400,000112Data Processing CapacityGbps1585%12.753611HSSNumber of Users Supportedsubscribes20,000,00085%17,000,000111PCRFTransactions/secondtrans/sec1000085%8500247

InterfacesDimensioning signalling per InterfaceProcedureProcedures / Subscriber /BHPhase 1Number of messages (S1)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S11)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S5/S8)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S6a)Data rate (Mbps)Attach1900,00041.0410.2610.2620.52Idle to Active and back Transitions5045,000,00022611311300PDN Connection Setup0.5450,00020.2610.1310.1300Bearer Activation/Deactivation0.5450,00020.2610.1310.1300X2 Handovers0.25225,00010.06510.06510.06500TAU0.190,00020.05210.02610.02610.026Inter-MME handovers0.019,00030.007810.002610.002610.0026Inter-MME TAU0.019,00030.007810.002610.002620.0052Required Interface Capacity in DL (Mbps)27.69313.61613.6160.554ProcedureProcedures / Subscriber /BHPhase 2Number of messages (S1)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S11)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S5/S8)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S6a)Data rate (Mbps)Attach11,800,00042.0810.5210.5221.04Idle to Active and back Transitions5090,000,00025212612600PDN Connection Setup0.5900,00020.5210.2610.2600Bearer Activation/Deactivation0.5900,00020.5210.2610.2600X2 Handovers0.25450,00010.1310.1310.1300TAU0.1180,00020.10410.05210.05210.052Inter-MME handovers0.0118,00030.015610.005210.005210.0052Inter-MME TAU0.0118,00030.015610.005210.005220.0104Required Interface Capacity in DL (Mbps)55.38527.23227.2321.108ProcedureProcedures / Subscriber /BHPhase 3Number of messages (S1)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S11)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S5/S8)Data rate (Mbps)Number of messages (S6a)Data rate (Mbps)Attach13,600,00044.1611.0411.0422.08Idle to Active and back Transitions50180,000,000210415215200PDN Connection Setup0.51,800,00021.0410.5210.5200Bearer Activation/Deactivation0.51,800,00021.0410.5210.5200X2 Handovers0.25900,00010.2610.2610.2600TAU0.1360,00020.20810.10410.10410.104Inter-MME handovers0.0136,00030.031210.010410.010410.0104Inter-MME TAU0.0136,00030.031210.010410.010420.0208Required Interface Capacity in DL (Mbps)110.77054.46554.4652.215Dimensioning traffic user per Interface

S1-US5SGiPacked Size512512512bytesOverhead per packet44440bytessOverhead8.59%8.59%0.00%%

InternetPhase 134.8134.8132.05GbpsPhase 267.6967.6962.33GbpsPhase 3131.51131.51121.10GbpsOffice VPNPhase 10.430.430.40GbpsPhase 20.650.650.60GbpsPhase 30.870.870.80GbpsTOTAL TRAFFICIf we use the same P_GW for Internet and Office VPNPhase 135.2435.2432.45GbpsPhase 268.3468.3462.93GbpsPhase 3132.38132.38121.90GbpsProcedureS1-CS11S6aS5/S8GxS10Attach/detachxxxxxIdle to Active and back TransitionsxxxxPDN Connection SetupxxxxBearer Activation/DeactivationxxxxX2 HandoversTAUInter-MME handoversxxxxInter-MME TAUxxxxxNodeInterfaceSCTPIPDiameterGTPUDPMMES1-C1220MMES6a122016MMES11206 to 108MMES10206 to 108MMES3206 to 108S-GWS1-U208 to 128S-GWS5/S8208 to 128S-GWS5/S8 (control)206 to 108S-GWS4208 to 128S-GWS11206 to 108P-GWS5/S8 (user)208 to 128P-GWS5/S8 (control)206 to 108P-GWSGi20P-GWGx122016

Protocol stack

Data Density

pop density/Km210,000Penetration40%# Subs4000% Mobile100%4000% Laptop50%2000

ApplicationUser 1 User 2 :Daily Subscriber Growth email1 MB0.2 MBMobile50%Facebook5 MB2 MBLaptop12%youtube5 MB10 MBBBC News Feed3 MB10 MBTotal Subs8240.00 /Km^2BBC News Text1 MB0.5 MBGoogle Earth/Maps1 MB5 MBVoIP1 MB8 MBother Web1 MB0.5 MB

Activity Factor 1- 5 User 1 - Mobile User 2 - Laptop :highmed (50%) low (25%)highmed (50%) low (25%)email52.51.2552.51.25Facebook52.51.2552.51.25youtube210.531.50.75BBC News Feed210.5210.5BBC News Text210.510.50.25Google Earth/Maps210.552.51.25VoIP31.50.7510.50.25other Web10.50.2510.50.25total per Sub54 MB27 MB13.5 MB95 MB47.5 MB23.75 MB% of Subscribers25%45%30%25%45%30%Number of Subs1500270018005601008672Total Data per Type81000 MB72900 MB24300 MB53200 MB47880 MB15960 MB

Total Data Density295240 MB/Km^2

Busy Period % of Day8%341.71 Mbps/Km^20.08

Peak Rate% Subs# SubsAdditional Daily SubsMobile 2 Mbps100%40000%0Laptop5 Mbps50%20000%0

total Data RateContention8000 Mbps25:110000 Mbps15:1Total Subs600018000 Mbps

Contended Data Rate986.667 Mbps/Km^2740000

Data Volume Based on Population and User BehaviourData Rate Based on Population and Data Service

Chap 2 - Market DesignChapter 2: Market Design

Number of Subscribers in Market250,000Default Bearers (APNs) per Subscriber2Number of eNBs in Market10,000Number of eNBs per TA25Tracking Area List Length1

Node CapacityCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions (Messages) per Hour50,000,000500,000500,00020,000,00010,000,000Simultaneous Bearers380,000380,000Total Throughput (Mbps)4,7004,700Subscribers750,0001,000,000Redundancy ConfigurationMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFSharing (x in xn+y)22211Sparing (y in xn+y)20011

Chap 3 - Subscriber DemandChapter 3: Subscriber Demand

Number of Subscribers in Market250,000Average Default Bearers (APNs) per Subscriber2Number of eNBs in Market10,000

Traffic Model per SubscriberSession Duration (Minutes)Data Rate (kbps) UsageData Demand (kbps)Streaming Audio5500.10.4Streaming Video151500.27.5Real-Time Voice (VoIP)33011.5Real-Time Video (Video Conferencing)305000.012.5Non-Real-Time Applications (web, email) 0.1100203.3

Average Session Duration (seconds)528Average Bandwidth Demand per Sub (kbps)15.3Total Bandwidth Needed (Mbps)3812.50Average Bandwidth per eNB (Mbps)0.38

Total number of BearersDefault (1 per APN)500,000 Dedicated (Assume 1 for duration of service)ERROR:#REF!Dedicated (assume 1 for each non-NRT service)28333Average Connections per Subscriber21.31

Chap 4 - Basic OperationsChapter 4: Basic LTE OperationsBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberEventsAttaches0.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)10Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)10X2-based HandoversS1-based HandoversTracking Area Updates (Mobility)Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)Paging (Packet Data)Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsMessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberS1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttaches12424200Additional Default Bearer Setups4420200Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)2220200Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)3200000Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)3200000X2-based HandoversS1-based HandoversTracking Area Updates (Mobility)Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)Paging (Packet Data)Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsAverage Message Size (bytes)200300300500920200200

Chap 5 - MobilityChapter 5: Mobility OperationsBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberEventsAttaches0.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)10Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)10X2-based Handovers5S1-based Handovers0.1Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)Paging (Packet Data)Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsMessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberS1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttaches12424200Additional Default Bearer Setups4420200Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)2220200Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)3200000Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)3200000X2-based Handovers2200000S1-based Handovers7200000Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)Paging (Packet Data)Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsAverage Message Size (bytes)200300300500920200200

Chap 6 - Idle StateChapter 6: Idle State OperationsBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberEventsAttaches0.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)10Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)10X2-based Handovers5S1-based Handovers0.1Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)3Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)1Paging (Packet Data)1Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsMessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberS1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttaches12424200Additional Default Bearer Setups4420200Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)2220200Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)3200000Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)3200000X2-based Handovers2200000S1-based Handovers7200000Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)4000000Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)4000000Paging (Packet Data)25200000Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)CSFB Mobile Originated CallsCSFB Mobile Terminated CallsMobile Originated SMSMobile Terminated SMSPaging (Interworking)IRAT (LTE-to-3G) TransitionsSMS-based NotificationsAverage Message Size (bytes)200300300500920200200

Chap 7 - InterworkingChapter 7: Interworking OperationsBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberEventsAttaches0.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)10Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)10X2-based Handovers5S1-based Handovers0.1Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)3Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)1Paging (Packet Data)1Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)0.1CSFB Mobile Originated Calls1CSFB Mobile Terminated Calls1Mobile Originated SMS3Mobile Terminated SMS1Paging (Interworking)2IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions0.5SMS-based NotificationsMessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberS1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttaches12424200Additional Default Bearer Setups4420200Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)2220200Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)3200000Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)3200000X2-based Handovers2200000S1-based Handovers7200000Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)4000000Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)4000000Paging (Packet Data)25200000Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)0000020CSFB Mobile Originated Calls6222003CSFB Mobile Terminated Calls6222003Mobile Originated SMS9000060Mobile Terminated SMS9000060Paging (Interworking)25000020IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions3222023SMS-based NotificationsAverage Message Size (bytes)200300300500920200200

Chap 8 - ServicesChapter 8: Phase 2 ServicesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberEventsAttaches0.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)10Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)10X2-based Handovers5S1-based Handovers0.1Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)3Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)1Paging (Packet Data)1Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)0.1CSFB Mobile Originated Calls1CSFB Mobile Terminated Calls1Mobile Originated SMS3Mobile Terminated SMS1Paging (Interworking)2IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions0.5SMS-based Notifications1MessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberS1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttaches12424200Additional Default Bearer Setups4420200Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)2220200Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)3200000Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)3200000X2-based Handovers2200000S1-based Handovers7200000Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)4000000Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)4000000Paging (Packet Data)25200000Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)0000020CSFB Mobile Originated Calls6222003CSFB Mobile Terminated Calls6222003Mobile Originated SMS9000060Mobile Terminated SMS9000060Paging (Interworking)25000020IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions3222023SMS-based Notifications34000060Average Message Size (bytes)200300300500920200200

Chap 9 - TransactionsChapter 9: TransactionsNumber of TransactionsEventsMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFAttaches0.110.30.20.20.1Additional Default Bearer Setups0.10.40.30.20.1Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)00000Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)103010Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)103010X2-based Handovers5105S1-based Handovers0.10.50.1Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)36Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)12Paging (Packet Data)1261Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)0.10.1CSFB Mobile Originated Calls17211CSFB Mobile Terminated Calls17211Mobile Originated SMS324Mobile Terminated SMS18Paging (Interworking)252IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions0.5310.50.5SMS-based Notifications120

Transactions per Subscriber38.9207.031.72.92.70.2Total Transactions9,725,00051,750,0007,925,000725,000675,00050,000

Chap 9 - Node TotalsChapter 9: LTE Node TotalsCapacityCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions50,000,000500,000500,00020,000,00010,000,000Simultaneous Bearers380,000380,000Total Throughput (Mbps)4,7004,700Subscribers750,0001,000,000DemandCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions51,750,0007,925,000725,000675,00050,000Simultaneous Bearers528,333528,333Total Throughput (Mbps)3,8133,813Subscribers250,000250,000Nodes NeededCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions216211Simultaneous Bearers22Total Throughput (Mbps)11Subscribers11

Total Required (Minimum)216211Total Required (w/ Redundancy)632422

Chap 9 - Link RequirementsChapter 9: Link RequirementsMessagesBusy Hour Call Model per SubscriberX2S1-MMES11S5S6aGxSGsGnAttachesERROR:#REF!1.24.00.60.80.40.00.0Additional Default Bearer SetupsERROR:#REF!0.41.60.60.00.00.00.0Dedicated Bearer Setups (Network Originated)ERROR:#REF!0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Idle-to-Connected Transitions (Service Requests)ERROR:#REF!30.060.00.00.00.00.00.0Connected-to-Idle Transitions (Inactivity)ERROR:#REF!30.060.00.00.00.00.00.0X2-based HandoversERROR:#REF!10.020.00.00.00.00.00.0S1-based HandoversERROR:#REF!0.71.00.00.00.00.00.0Tracking Area Updates (Mobility)ERROR:#REF!12.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Tracking Area Updates (Periodic)ERROR:#REF!4.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Paging (Packet Data)ERROR:#REF!25.052.00.00.00.00.00.0Combined Attaches (Additional Messaging)ERROR:#REF!0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0CSFB Mobile Originated CallsERROR:#REF!6.014.04.02.00.00.00.0CSFB Mobile Terminated CallsERROR:#REF!6.014.04.02.00.00.00.0Mobile Originated SMSERROR:#REF!27.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Mobile Terminated SMS9.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Paging (Interworking)50.00.00.00.00.00.00.0IRAT (LTE-to-3G) Transitions1.56.02.01.00.00.00.0SMS-based Notifications34.00.00.00.00.00.00.0Total MessagesERROR:#REF!246.8232.611.25.80.40.00.0

Bandwidth Needed (Mbps)ERROR:#REF!27.4238.771.871.610.200.000.00Demand (Mbps)Capacity TypeX2S1S11S5S6aGxSGsGnControl PlaneERROR:#REF!27.4238.771.871.610.200.000.00User PlaneERROR:#REF!3,812.503,812.50TotalERROR:#REF!3,839.9238.773,814.371.610.200.000.00Per-Node Physical Interface BandwidthNodeERROR:#REF!Logical LinksPhysical Bandwidth (Mbps)MMES1-MME + S11 + S6a + SGs + Gn11.30S-GWS1-U + S11 + S5-C + S5-U239.55P-GWS5-C + S5-U + Gx + Sgi1,906.77HSSS6a0.81PCRFGx0.10eNBS1-MME + S1-U0.38

Chap 9 - SensitivityChapter 9: Sensitivity Analysis

Market SizeOriginal ValueFactorNew ValueNumber of Subscribers in Market250,0001.00250,000Default Bearers (APNs) per Subscriber21.002Average Subscriber Demand (Mbps)3,8131.003,813Revised DemandCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions51,750,0007,925,000725,000675,00050,000Simultaneous Bearers528,333528,333Total Throughput (Mbps)3,8133,813Subscribers250,000250,000Nodes NeededCapacity TypeMMES-GWP-GWHSSPCRFTransactions216211Simultaneous Bearers22Total Throughput (Mbps)11Subscribers11

Total Required (Minimum)216211Total Required (w/ Redundancy)632422