NAME : MUHAMMAD ADAM BIN RUDAINI

MATRIC NO. : 172258

COURSE : MICROBIOLOGY

It is the study of microscopic organisms , either unicellular (single cell)

, multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology

encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology , mycology ,

parasitology , and bacteriology .

Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound cell organelles and

include fungi and protists whereas prokaryotic organisms which all are

microorganisms that conventionally classified as lacking membrane-bound

organelles and include eubacteria and archaebacteria. Microbiologists

traditionally relied on culture, staining, and microscopy. However, less than 1%

of the microorganisms present in common environments can be cultured in

isolation using current means. Microbiologists often rely extraction or detection

of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA sequences.

Viruses have been variably classified as organisms , as they

have been considered either as very simple microorganisms or

very complex molecules. Prions, never considered

microorganisms, have been investigated by virologists, however,

as the clinical effects traced to them were originally presumed

due to chronic viral infections, and virologists took search—

discovering "infectious proteins“ .

As an application of microbiology, medical microbiology is

often introduced with medical principles of immunology

as microbiology and immunology. Otherwise, microbiology,

virology, and immunology as basic sciences have greatly

exceeded the medical variants, applied sciences.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can compare and contrast the major groups of organisms

studied in microbiology. The group were divided into 5 kingdom

which are bacteria, archea , protozoa , fungi and algae , and

also viruses.

I can also know the beneficial activities that made by each

microorganisms.

I can define the meaning of normal flora.

I can know the history and the taxonomy of each microorganisms.

So then I can difrrentiate them.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can identify and compare the use of each different microscope

which are dark field , bright field , phase contrast , fluorescent

and even the elctron microscope.

I can also describe the uses of staining in microscopy.Generally

staining is used to diferrentiate each of microbe . Each of

microbe will be used with different stains according to their

structure.

SCL…

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can define the meaning of prokaryotes.

I can describe the structures and function of the structures of

prokaryotic cell.

I can describe the structure , chemistry and function of each of

the structures internal to the wall of prokaryote.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can identify the structure , chemistry and function of each of

the structures internal to the wall of eukaryotes.

I’m able to compare the process of mitosis and meiosis.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can learn about the classification, nutrition and the

diversity of protozoa itself.

I’m be able to know the general characteristic of

protozoa such as its habitat which is they usually live in

freshwater.

I’m be able to know the major group of protozoa which

is divided into 4 group which are Archaezoa ,

Rhizopoda , Ciliophora and Apicomplexa .

Post in Facebook about algae..

Article in Science Daily.. FUNGI…

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can define the characteristic of fungi.

I can describe the beneficial and the harmful effects of

fungi.

I can describe the roles of fungi and algae in the

enviroment.

I can also list the general characteristic of algae.

I can define what is the meaning of lichen is.

Pandora virus…

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can differentiate a virus from a bacterium.

I’m able to describe the chemical and physical structures of a

virus.

I can distinguish the differences between virus, viroid and

prions.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can learn about how to define the genotype and phenotype.

I can learn how to describe the process of DNA replication,

transcription and translation.

I’m able to explain the regulation of gene expression in

bacteria.

I can define the mutation,classify them by type, define what the

mutagen is and know the method of identifying the mutants.

I can compare the mechanism of genetic recombination in

bacteria.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can and able to describe the sterilzation techniques in

Microbiology.

I’m also being able to distinguish and differentiate the type

and the mode of actions of disinfectants.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can define what the real meaning of epidemiology is.

This topic alsa make me able to elaborate what is the

nosocomial infections is.

I’m also able to distinguish and diffrentiate between vaccines

and immunization.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can and able to describe the physical and chemical

requirements for microbial growth.

Physical requirements : light , temperature , pH , water

activity , and osmotic pressure

Chemical requirements : involving electron donor and electron

acceptor

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I can learn about how to define antimicrobial chemotherapy

I can identify the type of antimicrobial agents that being used

in order to fight against harmful microorganisms.

I can describe the modes of action or the mechanism of

antimicrobial agents that show how the agents works agents the

microbe.

Article from internet…

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I know how to explain the basic concepts of microbial metabolisms.

I can describe the roles of enzymes.

I can differentiate the microbial metabolic pathways.

From this topic , I can learn a few thing which are :

I’m able to know the 2 major of nutritional of microbe which are

source of carbon and the source of energy.

I can define what is the phototrophs , chemotrophs , autotrophs

and heterotrophs.

During doing this scrap book, there many things that potrait my

feeling while doing a research about thE microrganisms. One of thing

that I felt was curious. I was curious how microbe live, how their

classification for each kingdom ,how it is beneficial to human and how it

can give effect to human. Are all microbes are dangerous ??. If they

were, how it going to give benefit or effect to human ? And that’s make

me want to make a research about them.

Thus, I was also feeling happy because I can learn many thing about

microrganism especially about viruses because it is the most my favourite

kingdom that I want study of. So it make me to study more about

organisms that have micro in size. I also discover many things about

microrganism while my lecturing with my gorgeous lecturer ever, Dr Wan

Zuhainis. This is because her lecturing is so good.We can understand

easily what she taught. Therefore,I’m really glad to have this kind of

lecturer. Thus,I hope I can have a learning lesson with her again for the

next time. Miss you already Dr….