1. A patient was diagnosed with bleeding ulcer of the lesser curvature of the stomach. Which artery is most likely involved?

Gastroduodenal

Left gastric

Left gastro-omental (epiploic)

Right gastro-omental (epiploic)

Short gastrics2. Which is a derivative of the dorsal mesogastrium?

Falciform ligament

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Hepatogastric ligament

Greater omentum

Lesser omentum3. The spleen:

Develops in the dorsal mesogastrium

Develops in the ventral mesogastrium

Develops in both the dorsal and ventral mesogastria

Is always retroperitoneal

Becomes retroperitoneal during its development4. During a full workup on a 2-month-old infant with a history of intermittent

gastrointestinal pain and vomiting, physicians discovered that the cause was lack of emptying of the stomach. They immediately suspected that the cause was a spasmodic contraction of which of the following parts of the stomach?

cardiac notch

fundus

lesser curvature

pylorus

rugae5. In order to do a vagotomy (section of vagal nerve trunks) to reduce the secretion

of acid by cells of the stomach mucosa in patients with peptic ulcers, one needs to cut the gastric branches and retain vagal innervation to other abdominal organs. Where would a surgeon look for these branches in relation to the

stomach?

along the gastroepiploic vessels

along the greater curvature

along the lesser curvature

in the base of the omental apron

in the gastrocolic ligament6. While performing a splenectomy (removal of the spleen) following an

automobile accident, the surgeons were especially attentive to locate and preserve the tail of the pancreas which is closely associated with the spleen. This they found in the:

gastrocolic ligament

gastrosplenic ligament

phrenicocolic ligament

splenorenal ligament

transverse mesocolon7. Which of the following structures does not lie at least partially in the

retroperitoneum?

adrenal gland

duodenum

kidney

pancreas

spleen8. Which ligament is a derivative of the dorsal mesogastrium?

Coronary

Falciform

Hepatoduodenal

Hepatogastric

Gastrocolic9. A 60-year-old male executive who had a history of a chronic duodenal ulcer was

admitted to the ER exhibiting signs of a severe internal hemorrhage. He was quickly diagnosed with perforation of the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum and erosion of an artery behind it by the gastric expellent. The artery is most likely the:

Common hepatic

Gastroduodenal

Left gastric

Proper hepatic

Superior mesenteric10. A twenty-year-old woman was broad-sided on the driver side by an SUV and

was taken to the hospital emergency room. Examination showed low blood pressure and tenderness on the left mid-axillary line. Also, a large swelling was felt protruding downward and medially below the left costal margin. X-rays revealed that her 9th and 10th ribs were fractured near their angles on the left side. The abdominal organ most likely to be injured by the fracture is:

Descending colon

Left kidney

Pancreas

Spleen

Stomach11. You are observing an operation to remove the left suprarenal gland. To expose

the gland the surgeon mobilizes the descending colon by cutting along its lateral attachment to the body wall and dissecting medialward in the fusion fascia behind it. Suddenly the operative field is filled with blood. The surgeon realizes he has failed to cut a mesenteric attachment between the left colic flexure and another organ. As a result of the traction, the surface of the organ tore. Which organ was injured?

Duodenum

Kidney

Liver

Spleen

Suprarenal gland12. A patient presented with a swollen spleen, which protruded medially toward the

umbilicus in the abdomen. A vertical and downward expansion of the spleen was resisted by the:

Tail of the pancreas

Left colic flexure

Left kidney

Left renal artery

Stomach13. During emergency surgery, it was found that a chronic gastric ulcer had

perforated the posterior wall of the stomach and eroded a large artery running immediately posterior to the stomach. The artery is the:

Gastroduodenal

Common hepatic

Left gastroepiploic

Splenic

Superior mesenteric14. The spleen contacts all of the following organs EXCEPT:

Jejunum

Kidney

Left colic flexure

Tail of the pancreas

Stomach15. Which is not a boundary of the epiploic (omental) foramen?

Aorta

Caudate lobe of the liver

First part of the duodenum

Hepatoduodenal ligament16. In order to approach the area posterior to the stomach, a surgeon decided to go

through the lesser omentum. Before incising the mesentery she was careful to find and preserve a nerve lying in the upper portion of the hepatogastric ligament, i.e., the

Celiac branch of the anterior vagal trunk

Celiac branch of the posterior vagal trunk

Greater splanchnic branch to the right suprarenal gland

Hepatic branch of the anterior vagal trunk

Hepatic branch of the posterior vagal trunk17. Which of the following is NOT in contact with the spleen?

Colon

Diaphragm

Duodenum

Pancreas

Stomach18. The fundus of the stomach receives its arterial supply from the:

Common hepatic

Inferior phrenic

Left gastroepiploic

Right gastric

Splenic19. During an emergency splenectomy, the surgeon accidentally tore the

gastrosplenic ligament and its contents. The artery (ies) likely to be damaged in this event is (are) the:

Left gastric

Splenic

Short gastric

Middle colic

Caudal pancreatic20. While performing emergency surgery to control hemorrhage brought on by

arterial erosion caused by a duodenal ulcer, surgeons ligated the badly damaged gastroduodenal artery near its origin, which affected all of its branches as well. Assuming "average anatomy", in which of the following arteries would blood now flow in retrograde fashion (backwards) from collateral sources?

Left hepatic

Right gastroepiploic

Short gastric

Left gastric

Omental branches