Evolution of Animal Cytochromes P450 from Sponges to Mammals

David R. NelsonUniversity of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis

Ernst Haeckels Tree of life circa 1891

MUS MUSCULUS mouse 98,207,074MONODELPHIS DOMESTICA opossum 41,719,216HOMO SAPIENS human 40,603,046RATTUS NORVEGICUS rat 40,170,471PAN TROGLODYTES chimp 37,748,666CANIS FAMILIARIS dog 36,348,041ORNITHORHYNCHUS ANATINUS duckbilled platypus 27,418,699BOS TAURUS cattle 25,912,263MACACA MULATTA rhesus monkey 23,694,106DANIO RERIO zebrafish 23,253,722XENOPUS TROPICALIS frog 22,665,141AEDES AEGYPTI mosquito 15,481,684GALLUS GALLUS chicken 14,735,863ECHINOPS TELFAIRI Madagascar hedgehog 10,338,518SCHMIDTEA MEDITERRANEA flatworm 10,227,522LOXODONTA AFRICANA elephant 10,108,334STRONGYLOCENTROTUS PURPURATUS purple sea urchin 9,377,212DASYPUS NOVEMCINCTUS nine-banded armadillo 9,234,001ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS rabbit 9,173,426BRANCHIOSTOMA FLORIDAE amphioxus 8,929,324FELIS CATUS cat 8,096,929CAVIA PORCELLUS guinea pig 7,435,247NEMATOSTELLA VECTENSIS starlet sea anemone 6,476,762CIONA INTESTINALIS sea squirt 5,815,065ANOPHELES GAMBIAE mosquito 5,396,497CIONA SAVIGNYI sea squirt 4,745,578HYDRA MAGNIPAPILLATA hydra 4,060,348APIS MELLIFERA honeybee 3,827,673TAKIFUGU RUBRIPES fugu 3,639,800TETRAODON NIGROVIRIDIS freshwater pufferfish 2,974,016LOTTIA GIGANTEA owl limpet (gastropod) 2,598,996CAENORHABDITIS BRIGGSAE nematode 2,357,666TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM red flour beetle 1,864,564DAPHNIA PULEX freah water crustacean 1,752,306CAENORHABDITIS REMANEI nematode 1,705,545OTOLEMUR GARNETTII small-eared galago (primate) 1,078,349

Metazoan Genomes Sampler

Cortisol11-Deoxdycortisol11-DeoxycorticosteroneCorticosteroneAldosterone11A1CYP17CYP1911B1CYP21CYP2111B111B2CYP17CYP17CYP17

CYP27A1CYP27B1active formCYP24inactive2426271CYP2R1

CYP4 Clan genesin Hydra4T 4F4V9 complete, 17 total

CYP2 Clan genesin Hydra6 complete, 13 total

UPGMA tree ofHydra P450s2 Clan3 Clan4 Clan

Neighbor-joining treeof amphioxus mito clan P450sCYP11CYP24CYP27

Neighbor-joining treeof amphioxus mito clan P450s and gene E

CYP24CYP27CYP11