Enid Joffe Clean Fuel Connection, Inc.

August 6, 2010

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In EVSE business for 14 years Grew out of Edison International subsidiary Sold and installed over 7500 chargers Installation partner for MINI E program Woman-owned Electrical contractor EV fleet for past 8 years

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To the extent possible, mirror the current consumer car buying experience—impulsive, ego-driven.

Ideally should be able to:◦ Drive vehicle home on day of purchase and charge◦ Confidently drive beyond 50% of battery range

knowing that recharging opportunities are readily available

◦ Be able to travel beyond typical daily route and know there are chargers along the way

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None of this will be possible when PEVs are released later this year

So how do ensure positive early customer experience?

Need short term solutions to create positive experience for early buyers

Need long term solutions to achieve customer experience objectives

What are the barriers and how do we address them?

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Today—30 to 45 days installation time in CA Includes site visit, estimate, permit, install, inspection, etc.

◦ Actual install time approx. 4 hours◦ Pulling permit in person 2 to 4 hours (except LA which has on-line

permitting)◦ Inspection window--4 hours

Barriers:◦ Multiple stakeholders, multiple hand-offs can create multiple delays◦ Permit/inspection—local AHJ budget cuts◦ Panel capacity◦ Customer education--previous buyers were a carefully screened and

selective group; mass market customer EVSE installation profile is unknown

◦ Special meter installations◦ Cost of installation◦ Lack of vendor-neutral, customer-friendly tools (think solar calculators)◦ No garage (ie., urban environments, coastal areas)

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Solutions: Short term◦ Pre-purchase inspections and installations◦ Install circuit only

Solutions—long term◦ Subpanel in lieu of panel upgrade◦ Explore using EVSE to measure kWh consumption for

billing purposes◦ Separate EVSE from vehicle purchase—pre-or post-

purchase◦ Streamlined permitting—on-line permit, pre-inspection

activation (ie., NYC, LADWP) universal permit application (NREL/US Car Project)

◦ Plug-in EVSE◦ New construction requirements

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Barriers:◦ Parking tied to individual units◦ Residential panel, utility meter and parking not co-

located◦ Small panel size—as low as 30 amp◦ Dual meter adapters/time of use meters not feasible due

to meter configuration◦ High cost of installation (Examples: Santa Monica, San

Francisco)◦ Landlord tenant relationship—how is cost of electricity

purchased◦ Condo/co-op associations (lengthy approval process)◦ Lengthier permit process (weeks or months)—plan check◦ Cost impacts due to blocked utility rates

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Solutions—short term◦ House meter installation◦ Guest parking installation◦ EVSE with billing capability◦ Pre-purchase inspections and installations (a must!)◦ Curb-side charging by permit; parking meter/charger◦ Residential charging in public garages (ie., NYC)

Solutions—long term◦ Sub-metering◦ New utility service (Code change required?)◦ New construction requirements◦ PEV Owner Bill of Rights (similar to Solar Bill of Rights)◦ Valet parking with fast charge

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How much public charging is enough? Barriers:

◦ Range anxiety is real ◦ No data-driven basis for assessing need for public

charging and impact on PEV sales◦ No data-driven basis for selecting charging locations

(last mile, range-extension, frequented locations, along major corridors, predictable locations)

◦ Demand for public charging over time is unknown ◦ Concerns re on-peak demand—no data on charging

behavior if residential only vs. public and workplace ◦ Pricing signals—do we need them? Will they work?

How does it change behavior?◦ Business case for public charging

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Solutions—short term◦ DOE/CEC funded projects will provide data on public

charging behavior◦ Research on trade-off between on-peak public charging

and increase in off-peak residential load (i.e, does availability of on-peak public charging increase PEV sales and residential off-peak load enough to mitigate negative impact of public charging)

◦ Pricing signals Solutions—long term

◦ Data-driven answers re driver preferences◦ Evolution of Fast charging ◦ Research on optimal mix of public, workplace and

residential charging◦ Market forces—as private investment increases, ROI will

determine locations

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Workplace charging continues to be weak link in EVSE framework

Barriers:◦ Unknown demand—employers don’t know what to

expect◦ Equity issues—charging benefits small number of

employees◦ Cost—workplace costs high for many parking

configurations◦ Work-place is by definition on-peak; will it reduce off-

peak residential demand◦ Workplace ownership issues complex—ie., leased

facilities◦ Payment for charging

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Solutions—short term◦ Tie workplace charging to corporate GHG reduction

goals◦ Provide employer incentive i.e, for VMT or ridership

goals (SCAQMD model)◦ Explore corporate fleet lease/rental options (ie.,

Enterprise) Solutions—long term

◦ Develop ROI models—ie., GHG reduction, employee satisfaction

◦ Explore cost savings models potential vis a vis other fleet cars or corporate rentals

◦ Document impact on employee charging behavior

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Disabled Access Signage Curbside charging and payment Plug vs. hardwired EVSE Drivers without garages

◦ Use of reserved street-side parking◦ Designated residential charging spaces in public

or private parking lots Public Education--how do we help

consumers evaluate their options (prior to vehicle commitment)

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State Effort◦ Collaborative Council (ARB, CEC, CPUC, UC Davis and

industry stakeholders) Regional efforts

◦ Bay Area EV Corridor Project◦ San Diego Coalition◦ Ready, Set Charge!

Submitted Plan to CEC for 6 Statewide Coalitions to support regional efforts already underway

Local Efforts◦ Workshops with Building Officials in No. CA◦ ICC effort to educate membership◦ Ready, Set Charge! template for local PEV readiness

Riverside is the pilot site

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Current Status:◦ A lot of energy and activity around PEV and the

beginnings of a statewide plan We will not have many of the issues

resolved by rollout but are trying to establish short-term solutions

Long-term solutions are complex (ie., getting uniformity among local jurisdictions) and some years out

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