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Experience Ergonomics (Ergo Awareness Train-the-Trainer)
Confucius
David D Wood, MSIE, CPE
www.ErgoDave.com CPE LLC
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Purpose of Session What?
• Training activities to teach basic ergonomics principles Why?
• Better training, better understanding How?
• Do the activity• Describe the activity• Open discussion on the activity
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Introduction What’s usually covered in ergo awareness training?
• • • •
List training sins• • • •
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Outline Identifying ergo risk factors
• Wrist/hand/fingers• Tape Trick• Screw Driver demo• Binder clipping dept.
• Shoulder• Forward reach• Marker check• Therabands
• Back/Neck• Bowling ball• Marshmallows
What is ergonomics?• What’s your ergo definition• Hand tools
Why is ergonomics important?• What’s in your wallet• Iceberg
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Ergonomics Definition What
• Ask the class – “What’s your definition of ergonomics”• For most groups 2 minutes seems to be enough time
Why • Adult learning, we like to share and build on our ideas
How • Small group discussion• Full class report out – write definitions on white board • Supportive comments from instructor• Then show “text book” definitions
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
What’s Your Definition of Ergonomics?
Making jobs fit people - not the other way around
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Hand Tools What
• Break the class into pairs or small groups• Provide each group a set of different hand tools
• E.G. screw drivers, pens, toothbrushes, can openers etc.• The more variety within a set the better (i.e. have at least 3 different examples of pens)
• Ask the class – “to compare and contrast the set of hand tools”• “What are the ergonomic features of each – which is more ergonomic?”• About 2 minutes seems to be enough time for most groups
Why • Adult learning, we like to share and build on our ideas• We can see ergonomics in everyday tools (risk factors and counter measures)
How • Small group discussion with full class report out• Supportive instructor comments – may add comments group forgot to mention
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
What’s in Your Wallet?? Get out your wallet
Find your Drivers License Find your cash Find a photograph - your family, pet or friend
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – What’s in Your Wallet? What
• Ask the class – “What’s in your wallet”• “Please take out your wallet”• Review reasons (yourself, your future, your family)
Why • Motivation to be a part of ergonomics and to be safe
How • Full class discussion (using slides or just your wallet)
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Iceberg What
• Draw a large iceberg and water line• Describe direct medical costs (workers compensation)• Ask the class to list hidden costs
Why • To understand hidden injury costs and cost/benefit
How• Instructor lead class discussion• White board – to record answers/comment• May want to show “text book” answer
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Tape Trick What
• Give each person about a 5” piece of tape• Place on wrist
Why – • To feel the effects of awkward posture on the wrist• Good line side intervention for bent wrist postures (bio-feed back
to employee using bad postures on task) How
• Instructor lead activity – have several rolls of tape• Place strip of tape on neutral/ flat wrist• Have class move wrist around• Leave on during other demos (to feel effects)
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Screwdrivers What
• Ask for 2 volunteers (or split class into pairs and give 1 screw driver to each pair)• Have one person (smaller/weaker) hold the handle• Have one person (bigger/stronger) pinch the tip/blade• Vertical tug-of-war
• Controlled – no injuries Why
• To see and feel the difference in strength between power and pinch grips How
• Instructor lead activity• Who will win the war?• Why/how• Repeat with other person holding the handle
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Binder Clipping What
• Provide a 1” binder clip to each student and about ½” stack of paper• Ask if anyone has severe arthritis or full blown CTS (they can be time keepers)• Review Op Standard
• Jaw must close all the way on the stack of paper• Pay is piece rate – the more they do in 60 sec the more $ they get• Provide small gift to person who does the most
Why • To feel the effects of force, repetition, and contact stress in the hand/fingers• To understand fatigue and recovery• To introduce the Hierarchy of Controls
How• Instructor lead activity• White board – to show fatigue and recovery
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Forward Reach What
• Ask the class to reach with their left arm straight• Use a timer for 90 seconds
Why • To feel effects of awkward/static posture in shoulder• To discuss shoulder posture and static posture and blood flow
How• Set up timer• Review method• White board fatigue and recovery graphs
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Marker Check What
• Ask everyone to help (or pick the tallest and shortest people)• Have a huge (4’ by 6’) piece of paper taped to wall• Have 2 good bright markers
Why • To see (feel) range of motion• To check population comfort zones (Pink women, Blue men)• To check repetitive verses occasional work zones (Green, Yellow)
How• Have some or all people repeat this procedure
• Make an arc with one marker – from knuckle height to full elbow flexion• Make a 2nd arc with the other marker from knuckle height to full overhead
extension
Plant shoulderNo back bending!
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Therabands What
• Ask for a volunteer• Have a Theraband (check internet – 50$ for 50 yards)
Why • To feel effects of force and awkward posture in shoulder• To show the effects of using larger/more muscles vs. small/few
How• Demonstration –
• stand on 1 end of band, pull on other end with 1 hand• Lift with arm fully extended – thumb up• Lift with hand in close to trunk – hand down• Which was harder - why
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Bowling Ball What
• Get a full size bowling ball (can get a trashed one from bowling alley)• Have a 10” length of pipe installed into a finger hole
Why • To feel the effect of torque/moments on joints
How• Explain that the average human head weighs 12-15 pounds (just like a
bowling ball)• The hands hold the pipe (representing the neck muscles)• Hold the ball upright 1st and then have them lean forward• Do you feel the increase in stress in your arms?• Brief discussion afterwards
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Topic – Marshmallows What
• Bring a bag of marshmallows (enough for at least 1 each) Why
• To see the effects of posture on disc (marshmallow) How
• Explain the anatomy of a disc • Hand out marshmallows to everyone• Demonstrate effect of lying, standing and bent back• Debrief discussion afterwards
Ergonomics Awareness Train-the-Trainer
Conclusions Plan activities to
• Allow sharing of ideas• Allow Q&A• Include physical activity• Whole class participation
Try not to lecture more than about 10 minutes in row