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Write It! Station DirectionsIt is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!
Answer each of the task card questions on the lab sheet in complete sentences.
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Explain the digestive system including the structures involved and the function of the system.
Describe at least one physical change and one chemicalchange that happens during digestion.
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Think about how nutrients are absorbed into your body.What impact will a steady diet of junk food or fast food have on your body?
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Assess It! Station DirectionsIt is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!
Each member will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the AssessIt! section.
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Which is not a part of the digestive system?
A. Large IntestineB. Small IntestineC. TracheaD. Esophagus
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Which of these activities is not related to the digestive system?
A. Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream from the small intestine
B. Breaking down food particles into smaller particles
C. Moving solid waste through the body to get rid of it
D. Delivering nutrients to the cells via thebloodstream
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What is the function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
A. Absorption of minerals and nutrients
B. Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
C. Deliver nutrients to the cellsD. Control all aspects of
body movement©KeslerScience.com
Which is not a physical change in the digestive system?
A. Chewing foodB. Moving food down the
esophagus to the stomach
C. Breaking down food with gastric acid in the stomach
D. Moving waste ou©t
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Read It! Station DirectionsEach member of the group will read the passage and answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Read It! section.
It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading passage.
The Digestive SystemIf human cells could use the food eaten in that form, there would
be no need for a digestive system. The digestive system changes the food into a form that can be used by the cells and that enables the nutrients to get into the blood so they can be transported throughout the body.The digestive system consists of one long tube and the organs that attach to it. The organs produce digestive chemicals (enzymes and acids) that break down the nutrients into simpler forms so that absorption through the intestinal wall and into the blood stream can occur.There are two kinds of digestion: mechanical and chemical. Mechanical digestion involves physically breaking the food into smaller pieces. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth as the food is chewed. Chemical digestion involves breaking down the food into simpler nutrients that can be used by the cells. Chemical digestion begins in the mouth when food mixes with saliva.Saliva contains an enzyme (amylase) that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates. (An enzyme is a protein that can catalyze certain biochemical reactions).Food is chewed into smaller pieces. Adults have 32 specialized teeth—teeth that can grind, chew, and tear different kinds of food. The tongue is an organ consisting of skeletal muscles (voluntary muscles) that move the food around the mouth to allow for efficient mechanical digestion. Salivary glands beneath and in back of the tongue secrete the saliva that allows for easier swallowing of food and the beginning of chemical digestion.Swallowing forces the chewed food through a tubular entrance (pharynx) to the esophagus (food tube). As food is swallowed a flap-like valve, the epiglottis, closes over the trachea (windpipe) to prevent food entering the windpipe and causing choking.The esophagus connects the pharynx with the stomach. Contractions of the esophagus push the food through a sphincter (a ring of smooth muscle that closes off an opening in the body) and into the stomach. NOTE: The digestive system moves food along by way of peristalsis, a wavelike contraction of smooth (involuntary) muscle. Other than the chemical digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth, all digestion to this point has been mechanical. The stomach starts chemical digestion of protein. Secretions from the stomach lining consist of about two liters of hydrochloric acid (HCl), pepsin, and other fluids that make up gastric fluids each day. The fluid is extremely acidic and it helps kill bacteria and other pathogens that may have been ingested. The stomach also grinds and churns food through mechanical processes.Nearly 7 meters in length, the small intestine is folded and curled around a small area in the abdominal cavity. The inside surfaces of the intestine are covered with projections called villi. These finger-like structures are covered in smaller projections called microvilli and work to absorb food molecules that have been broken down by the processes of chemical digestion.The large intestine receives the material “left-over” from chemical digestion that is basically nutrient free. Only water, cellulose, and indigestible materials are left. The main job of the large intestine is to remove water from the undigested material. Water is quickly removed from the material through villi and returns to the blood stream.
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What is the function of the digestive system?
A. Removal of liquid wasteB. Maintain body temperature and
Which is not a chemical process in the digestive system?
A. Bile interacting with digested food in the small intestinehormone levels
C. Delivers food to D.
your brainto minerals and B. Acids reacting with food particles inthe stomachChanges food innutrients that are absorbed into bloodstream
C. Saliva breaking down food particlesD. Chewing of food
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The stomach helps to digest food with processes.
What is the function of the large intestine?
A. ChemicalB. PhysicalC. Chemical and
physical
A. Add bile to the food to help break it down.
B. Remove nutrients from the food with chemical processes
C. Absorb remaining material into the body
D. Neither
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D. Remove water from the remaining undigested material
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Watch It! Station DirectionsEach member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1
Complete the task cards in order.
Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Watch It! section of the lab sheet.
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YouTube: https://goo.gl/kVsdZK G Drive: https://goo.gl/cyJzzW URL is case-sensitive
1. Click Play on the video.2. Answer questions from
cards#2-4 on your lab sheet.
YouTube
What is the function of the digestive system?
What is the function of the stomach in the digestive system?
Briefly describe the path food takes after it enters your mouth.
Research It! Station DirectionsEach member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1
Complete the task cards in order.
Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Research It! section.
1. Go tohttp://goo.gl/mzzWzi
Answer the following questions on your lab sheet.1. Read the first paragraph
and summarize the structure (parts) and function of the digestive system
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1. Describe the physical and chemical changes which happen during digestion.
2. Summarize absorption and where it happens in our body?
Explore It! Station Directions
One member of the group will read the task cards in order. The group will be responsible for completing each of the tasks that are being read.
Each member of the group will then write their conclusions down on the lab sheet in the Explore It! section.
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Use diagram #1 to answer the following questions.
1. What body system is represented in the diagram?
2. What do you think the main purpose of that system is?
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The main function of the digestive system is to convert food into minerals and nutrients needed by the body. Use the diagram for the remainder of the task cards.
At position A food enters the mouth. It is broken down by chewing and grinding. Saliva is alsosecreted from under the tongue to help break down the food with enzymes.
1. Is this a physical change? Chemical change? Both?
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Position B: Once the food has been broken down it moves down the esophagus using gravity and smooth muscle tissue. It ends up trapped inside the stomach by a sphincter muscle.
1. Is this a physical change? Chemical change? Both?
Position C: The stomach then breaks the food down into a liquid form with gastric juices (acid) and churning and grinding motions.
1. Is this a physical change? Chemical change? Both?
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Position D: The liver produces a highly acidic compound called bile.This helps to break down the remaining food molecules.
Position E: The gallbladder stores the bile until it is needed in the digestive tract.
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Position F: The liquid food moves into the small intestine where it is combined with the bile. Minerals and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and delivered to the cells.
Position G: The remaining food is moved into the large intestine where any remaining water is removed and delivered to the rest of the body.
Position H: The solid waste moves into therectum and awaits removal from the body.
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1. Summarize the flow of food through the body. Use the diagram, but try to avoid looking at the other task cards.
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A
B
DC
E
FG
H
Illustrate It! Station DirectionsEach member of the group will draw a quick sketch on the lab sheet that shows they understand the concept being taught.
Use the colored pencils and markers that are provided.
The directions for the sketch are provided on the task card at the table.
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Illustrate It! Station Directions1. Use the diagram at the table to help you fill in
the diagram on your lab sheet.Draw the digestive system.
2. Be sure to correctly label your diagram.
3. Off to the side of the diagram list the specific function of the digestive system.
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trachea - - - - - - -
esophagus
Organize It! Station DirectionsIt is recommended that you have completed at least twoof the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!
Use the 8 cards and put them into the correct pairs.
Have your teacher check your work and sign off on your lab sheet.
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Glands secrete saliva which help to chemically break
down food.
Stores concentrated bile to release into the small intestine
Food is pushed through this muscular tube on the way
to the stomach
Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Leftover waste continues through
the digestive system
Sac-like organ with strong muscular walls. It grinds and mixes the food into a liquid using muscles and
enzymes
Highly specialized organ that is responsible for
processing waste so that defecation (excretion of
waste) is easy and convenient. Remaining
water is removed from waste
Produces bile which helps to carry away waste and
breakdown fats in the small intestine
Receives stool from the colon. Lets the person know stool needs to be evacuated. Holds stool until evacuation
happens
Digestive System
Explore It!
Task Card #11.2.
Task Card #2:1.Task Card #3:1.Task Card #4:1.
Name
Task Card #7:1.
Write It!Task Card #1:
Task Card #2:
Task Card #3:
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Digestive System
Illustrate It!
Name
Assess It! Read It!#1 #3
#2 #4
#1 #3
#2 #4
Research It!
Task Card #11.
Task Card #21.
2.
Organize It!
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Digestive System Name
Watch It!Task Card #2:
Task Card #3:
Task Card #4:
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