Glaucia Mendes Souza

Instituto de Química - Universidade de São Paulo

Rubens Maciel

Faculdade de Engenharia Química

UNICAMP

Heitor Cantarella

Instituto Agronômico de Campinas

Marie-Anne Van Sluys

Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo

Andre Nassar

ICONE

FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program BIOEN: Science and Technology for Sustainable Bioenergy

Production

http://bioenfapesp.org

“Many governments in the industrialized world are spending less in clean energy

research now than they were a few years ago”

(Editorial, Nature June 6th, 2012)

“What is missing are solutions that are cheap, scalable and politically viable”

Call for serious investment in renewable energy research Increased international cooperation

Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approach to problems

Brazil as an example of a renewable energy matrix and the bioethanol program

Energy vs. Biodiversity Protection vs. Environmental Resources

People

Planet

Profit

The brazilian energy matrix is 47% renewable Bioethanol represents 20% of Brazil’s fuel matrix

15 million flex-fuel vehicles

Total brazilian bioethanol production for 2012/13 is projected at 23.9 billion L Total sugarcane production is estimated to be 571,47 million tons Co-generation (burning of the bagasse in boilers) contributes to 4.7% of our electricity

UnicaData, 2012

9 million ha sugarcane 405 mills

Sugarcane for ethanol uses 2% of agricultural area

4

Area used for sugarcane for ethanol (4 Mha, 0.5%)

Area used for agriculture (76.7 Mha, 9%)

Rural properties area (355 Mha, 42%)

Total country area (851 Mha, 100%)

Source: Horta Nogueira e Seabra (2008)

Small Bioenergy Footprint

Pasture 200 Mha Soya 22 Mha

We have 60 million ha that could be used for expansion

gCO2eq/Mj

80% reduction of GHG emissions using sugarcane ethanol

Mandates around the world: demand of 227 billion Liters of EtOH by 2022

Southwest: dry winter

Marginal land, pastureland, and

poor soils

• Drought resistance

• Crop breeding to new

environments

• Revise nutritional

needs and managing

of fertilizers

• Recycle nutrients of

crop and industry

residues

• Land Use Change

Models

Sugarcane Agro-industry

Research to expand the industrial model

Energy Crops and Green Technologies: a new Green Revolution

• High yield and fast growth crop • Able to produce under short growing seasons • Tolerant to periodic drought and low temperatures • Low nutrient inputs requirements • Relatively small energy inputs for growth and harvest • Ability to grow in sub-prime agricultural lands

Designing crops for energy production

New technologies for biomass processing, fuel production, engines • Low cost of energy production from biomass • Significantly positive energy balance • Significant GHG reduction • Low polution

Development of biorefinery systems • Zero-carbon emission biorefinery • Complete substitution of petro-chemicals with bio-based chemicals • Low water footprint, low polution, low emissions •Alcohol chemistry, sugar chemistry, oil chemistry to diversify the biomass industry with co-products

Sugarcane: the highest tonnage crop

Glaucia Mendes Souza, USP; Monalisa Carneiro, Hermann Hoffmann, UFSCAR

Theoretical maximum: 380 tons/ha

Current average: 75 tons/ha

Breeding and Genomics: the challenging sugarcane genome

Genoma da

Cana-de-açúcar

(cromossomos)

S. officinarum

S. spontaneum

Giant Genome (n 750-930 Mpb), Polyploid (2n = 70-120 cromossomos), ~10 Gb

Glaucia Souza, Carlos Hotta, Marie-Anne Van Sluys, USP

Augusto Garcia, USP; Anete Pereira, UNICAMP

Biotechnological tools for the improvement of sugarcane: http://sucest-fun.org

Fuel production and more: a zero-carbon emission biorefinery

It is possible to have bagasse surplus to produce electricity and ethanol Integrated bioethanol, biogas and electricity production (double energy output) Zero carbon emission biorefinery system (consorted bioethanol-biodiesel-biokerosene production) Bio-based chemicals using a synthetic biology approach (production of lactic acid isomers from sucrose, $$$, 190,000 added value) Products from ethanol via acetaldehyde and ethylene route (Green Ethane Process to 98.9% purity)

Cantarella, H., Buckeridge, M. S., Van Sluys, M. A., Souza, A. P., Garcia, A.

A. F., Nishiyama-Jr, M. Y., Maciel-Filho, R., Brito Cruz, C. H. and Souza, G.

M. (2012). Sugarcane: the most efficient crop for biofuel production.

Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca

Rotan, Florida, USA. Editors: Chittaranjan Kole, Chandrashekhar P. Joshi

and David R. Shonnard. ISBN: 978-1-4398-1684-4.

Rubens Maciel, UNICAMP

SUSTAINABILITY AND IMPACTS

Ethanol as a global strategic fuel

Horizontal studies to consolidate sugarcane ethanol as the leading technology path to ethanol and derivatives production

Land use changes

GHG emissions Biomass and soil carbon stocks

Water use Biodiversity

Regional income generation Job creation and migration

Integrating tools

Monitoring water quality and aquatic communities

Satelite monitoring of

water quality

Capacity to

antecipate changes in

euthrofization

Bernardo Ruddorf, INPE; Luis Schiesari, USP

LUC and ILUC: expansion and GHG emissions

Remote sensing series feeding an Economic Model for Food vs. Fuel vs. Land vs. Biodiversity

Emission monitor

Bernardo Ruddorf, INPE; Carlos Cerri, USP; Andre Nassar, ICONE

Soil carbon stocks

N2O emissions

International bioenergy market, certification and policy implications

Competitive and sustainable production of bioenergy in South America Central America Africa 0.43 GHa @ 10kL/Ha.yr Potential 4,300 GL 2050: Available land for biofuels (Doornbosch and Steenblik, 2007)

New-comers insertion does not depend only on the

agricultural and economical aptitudes but on their

political institutions, and most important on their

capacity to implement public policies for the

development of biofuels. Internal public policy

legitimacy is a condition necessary for

competitiveness.

Public regulatory systems orient the private

certification systems. NGOs can intervene with

public regulation to assure broad sustainability

criteria for biofuels production.

Paulo Furquim de Azevedo, Bruno Perosa; FGV

Certification systems that will prevail (e.g.

Bonsucro) are those that present lower cost of

verification, biomass specific, make use of

ongoing public regulation, reduced costs of

compliance and verification and are

legitimated by social-economic interests

(NGOs).

BIOEN DIVISIONS

BIOMASS Contribute with knowledge and technologies for Sugarcane Improvement Enable a Systems Biology approach for Biofuel Crops

PROCESSING AND ETHANOL TECHNOLOGIES Increasing productivity (amount of ethanol by sugarcane ton), energy saving, water saving and minimizing environmental impacts

ENGINES Flex-fuel engines with increased performance, durability and decreased consumption, pollutant emissions

BIOREFINERIES AND ALCOHOL CHEMISTRY Complete substitution of fossil fuel derived compounds Sugarchemistry for intermediate chemical production and alcoholchemistry as a petrochemistry substitute

IMPACTS Studies to consolidate sugarcane ethanol as the leading technology path to ethanol and derivatives production Horizontal themes: Social and Economic Impacts, Environmental studies and Land Use

Fundamental knowledge and new technologies for a bio-based society

• Academic Basic and Applied Research (US$ 30 million)

Since 2008, 89 grants, 300 brazilian researchers, collaborators from 15 countries

– Regular, Theme and Young Investigator Awards

Open to foreign scientists who want to come to Brazil

• State of São Paulo Bioenergy Research Center (US$ 90 million)

• International partnerships

United States, United Kingdom and The Netherlands

(Oak Ridge National Laboratories, UKRC, BBSRC, BE-Basic)

• Innovation Technology, Joint industry-university research (5 years)

Company Subject

Oxiteno Lignocellulosic materials

Braskem Alcohol-chemistry

Dedini Processes

ETH Agricultural practices

Microsoft Computational development

Vale Ethanol technologies

Boeing Aviation Biofuels

BP Processes and sustainability

FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program BIOEN

Australia

Austria

Belgium

China

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Guatemala

Italy

Portugal

Spain

The Netherlands

United Kingdom

United States

33

26

12

2 10

NUMBER OF PROJECTS PER DIVISION

Biomass Biofuels Technologies

Biorefineries Engines

Impacts and Sustainability

83 ongoing projects

Program FAPESP Areas

15 1

10

3 3

2

4

1 1 1

2

1

9

1 2

11

1 2 1 6

6

AgronomyBiophysicsBiochemistryBotanyFood Science and TechnologyEcologyEconomicsAgricultural EngineeringMetallurgical and Materials EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringNuclear EngineeringChemical EngineeringSanitary EngineeringPhysicsGeneticsGeosciencesInterdisciplinaryMathematicsMicrobiologyChemistry

Program Budget

Type of grant (scholarships included) R$

BIOEN JP 5,021,264.80

BIOEN PITE 5,194,701.21

BIOEN Regular 6,282,596.29

BIOEN Temático 61,913,647.06

TOTAL 78,412,209.36

6% 7% 8%

79%

JP

PITE

Regular

Temático

Participating Institutions # Projects

UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO 38

UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS 13

SECR EST AGRICULTURA PECUÁRIA E ABASTECIMENTO DE SÃO PAULO 9

UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JULIO DE MESQUITA FILHO 7

MINISTÉRIO DA CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO 6

UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS 3

UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ABC 2

INST DE ESTUDOS DO COMÉRCIO E NEGOCIAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS 2

SECRETARIA DE DESENV. ECONÔMICO, CIÊNCIA E

TECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO 1

MINISTÉRIO DA AERONÁUTICA 1

FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS SÃO PAULO 1

11 Participating Institutions

Research Grants + Scholarships per City

Campinas 111 São Paulo 74 São Carlos 56 Piracicaba 40 Lorena 20 Ribeirão Preto 10 Araraquara 9 São José do Rio Preto 7 Sorocaba 6 Botucatu 5 São José dos Campos 4 Santo André 2 Pirassununga 1

http://www.bv.fapesp.br/pt/16/pesquisa-em-bioenergia-bioen//

BIOEN Production

Published articles 427

Submitted articles 10

Book chapters 51

Books 3

Thesis 53

Dissertations 109

Presentations in events 348

Media News 28

Awards 3

Patents 17

Softwares 1

My Researcher ID BIOEN

ResearcherID: H-6149-2012

URL: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/H-6149-2012

85% of the articles have been cited

My Researcher ID BIOEN

BIOEN Site: http://bioenfapesp.org Mailing List: pp@bioenfapesp.org and pesquisadores@bioenfapesp.org

BIOEN Site: http://bioenfapesp.org Mailing List: pp@bioenfapesp.org and pesquisadores@bioenfapesp.org

available on our website

http://bioenfapesp.org

Partners

FAPESP BIOENERGY PROGRAM BIOEN

http://bioenfapesp.org

Program Coordinator Glaucia Mendes Souza Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Química Universidade de São Paulo BIOEN Secretariat Mariana P. Massafera - Program Manager Alê V. Machado - Assistant

Alexandre Futata - Systems Analyst

Committee Marie-Anne Van Sluys Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo Rubens Maciel Faculdade de Engenharia Química Universidade Estadual de Campinas Heitor Cantarella Instituto Agronômico Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo Andre Nassar Instituto de Estudos do Comércio e Negociações Internacionais