Farming Game1. Was your group successful? Why2. What group had it best? Why3. What separated successful groups

from unsuccessful groups?4. What would disadvantaged peoples

do to solve their problem?5. So what… Why is this critical when

discussing the origins of World History…what does it tell us (make some predictions)

Changes• What changes in society will happen

because of specialized labor

• What will happen to the price of goods

• Now that you can get your basic needs faster what will you start doing with your extra time

• How can specialized labor connect civilizations

• What problems could be created by specialized labor

Early Civilizations

The Major River Civilizations

Early Peoples: Progress• Technology & Food Drive Humanity

• Nomads: Wander in search of food• Hunter/gatherers: villagers but relocated

when supply runs out• Domestication: create tamed herds

• Villages accelerate progress• New tools = farming, surplus food

• More food = more people!

• Labor groups & social classes government

structure

Neolithic Revolution• Name given to the time period which

humans stopped hunting/gathering and settled in cities

• Would eventually lead to the formation of civilizations/culture

• Occurred around 8,000 BC in India and Middle East

5 LARGE Characteristics of Civilization

• Language: spreads idea, keeps records (histories, taxes…)

• Achievements: important solutions to problems (technology, buildings, weapons, irrigation…)

• Rules: Codes of behavior to follow (government and religion create order)

• Geography: location and land features (rivers and resources)

• Economics: development of specialized labor and forms of trade.

4 River Civilizations• Mesopotamia: Tigris & Euphrates

(Iraq)• Nile (Egypt)• Yellow (China)• Indus (India)

The Benefits of Water!?• Access to fresh water

• Fishing

• Fertile Soil

• Easy Transportation/Trade

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS

Protection needed from invaders

Need water for crops

Difficult to plant & harvest

Need order & peace

Need to know when to plant & harvest

Problem/Solution• Protection from invaders

• Build walls, ditches, military, weapons, find allies

• Need water for crops• Irrigation ditches/man-made streams• Flood ponds

• Difficult to plant & harvest• tools . . . Plows, selective planting, more

people

• Need order and peace• Create laws, police/army, religion, govt.

• Need to know when to plant and harvest• Map the stars, almanacs/records,

weather patterns

What is Language?• What were the problems with using

pictures/drawings?• What were the problems with using

the code and hieroglyphics?

• Symbols with universal understanding arranged in ways to convey a message

Cuneiform• Written

Sumerian language (Meso)

• Tax records

Hieroglyphics• Picture writing of ancient Egypt• Used symbols of common items

found in Egypt

The Rosetta Stone• 186 B.C. – tax records and statue

construction orders• Written in a spoken Egyptian dialect,

hieroglyphics and Greek• Discovered by Napoleon in 1799 A.D.

• We could read hieroglyphics bytranslating Greek to Egyptian &matching Egyptian to Hiero’s . . .• The British defeat Napoleon &take the stone to England

Video CER• History of the World in 2 hours

- 48:00 to 1:00:00

• Support the given claim with evidence and your explanation

Mesopotamia• Located in the

Fertile Crescent

• Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

• Powerful city-states

Ziggurat “Holy Mountain”• Temple and city center• Place for sacrifice• Land of No Return

Mesopotamian Classes

Achievements• Arithmetic/geometry – build walls,

60sec• Ziggurats, columns• Cuneiform• Code of Law

-Hammurabi’s Code

Nile River• Longest River in

the world = 4,100 mi

• Life-blood

Government & Religion• Pharaohs are god-kings

• Theocracy: priests were top advisors

• 31 dynasties• Two kingdoms unite

• Polytheism• Pharaohs continued ruling after death• Mummification saved body for afterlife• Pyramids and burial chambers

Using the Nile• Straw and

reeds• Creates a

narrow strip of fertile land

Environment• Desert barrier

• Less war• Less trade

• Predictable flooding (seasons)• Not much usable land

Egyptian Burial• Sarcophagus protects the

physical body

Social Structure• Royalty

• Landed/army•Artisans/merchants

• Farmers/workers• Slaves

• Hieroglyphics• Papyrus – paper like plant• Calendars, geometry, engineering,

astronomy, columns, medicine. . .

Indus River• Located in

Northwest India• River changed

directions• Monsoons

inflict damage

Indus River• Rugged

and elevated terrain

• Many natural barriers

• Pre-planned cities

Huang He River• Huang He tint

comes from the silt

• Spans North-central China

• Rulers receiveThe mandate ofheaven

Chinese Writing• Developed early

written language