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ナミビア共和国
経済開発支援にかかる基礎情報
収集・確認調査
報告書
平成23年 10月
(2011年)
独立行政法人
国際協力機構(JICA)
株式会社 国際開発センター(IDCJ)
ナミビア共和国(Republic of Namibia)
ア フ
J R
11-010
ナミビア共和国
経済開発支援にかかる基礎情報
収集・確認調査
報告書
平成23年 10月
(2011年)
独立行政法人
国際協力機構(JICA)
株式会社 国際開発センター(IDCJ)
ナミビア共和国(Republic of Namibia)
1 81.70
1 6.79 2011 4 6
JICA
i
1. ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.3 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.4 .................................................................................................... 3 1.5 3 ....................................... 4 1.6 ..................................................................................................... 17 1.7 .......................... 19
2. 3 ....................................................................................... 21 2.1 1 ............................................................................ 21 2.2 2 ............................................................................ 28 2.3 3 ............................................................................ 33 2.4 .............................................................. 38 2.5 ...................... 52
3. ........................................ 56 3.1 SWOT ..................................................................................... 56 3.2 ..................................................................................................... 57 3.3 ....................................................................................... 62 3.4 .............................................................. 63 3.5 .................................................................................................. 64 3.6 ................................................................................... 75
4. ..................................................................................................... 78 Appendix 1 1
Appendix 2 2 3
Appendix 3
ii
1 ..................................................................................... 6 2 ......................................................................................................... 10 3 GDP 2001-2008 ................................................... 11 4 GDP 2006 ............................... 11 5 ................................................................................... 12 6 3 ................................................... 17 7 4 3 ....................... 19 8 Protected Area .................................................................................................. 49 9 Conservancy ..................................................................................................... 51 10 .......................................................................... 53 11 ....................................................................................................... 54 12 ................................................................................................ 55 13 SWOT ............................................................................... 56 14 2000 GDP ............................................................................. 58 15 ..................................... 65 16 Walvis Bay ...................................................................... 66 17 ........................................................ 71 18 ............................................................. 73 19 ................................................................. 74 20 Community Based Tourism .................................... 76
1 .............................................................................. 3 2 ........................................................................................................ 4 3 ............................................................................................................... 7 4 ..................................................................................... 9 5 ..................................................................................... 9 6 2008 ................................................................... 11 7 Vision 2030 9 ........................................................ 14 8 3 NDP3 2007 2011 .................................. 14 9 ........................................... 15 10 4 ........................................................................... 16 11 .......................................................................... 18 12 1 .................................................... 24 13 2 .................................................... 32 14 3 .................................................... 36 15 ................................................................................................... 41 16 2010 ......................................................................................................... 41 17 2010 ..................................................................................................... 41 18 2010 ....................................................................................... 42 19 .......................................................... 42 20 10 ........................................... 43 21 12 ........................................... 43 22 2007 ............................................................................ 43 23 .............................. 44
iii
24 2010 ......................... 44 25 ............................................................................................ 46 26 2009 .......................................................................................... 46 27 2009 ................................................................................... 47 28 2009 ....................................................................................... 47 29 ........................................... 73 30 ...................................................................... 79 31 .......................................................................... 80 32 ................................................................................................ 81
iv
AALS Affirmative Action Loan Scheme –
AGOA African Growth and Opprtunity Act
AGRIBANK Agricultural Bank of Namibia
BDS Business Development Services
CBNRM Community Based Natural Resource Management
–
CBT Community Based Tourism
CMA Common Monetary Area
CPD National Continuous Professional Development System
–
CPI Consumer Price Index
DRC Democratic Republic of Congo
EPZ Export Processing Zone
ETSIP Education and Training Sector Investment Programme
FENATA Federation of Namibian Tourism Associations –
FNDC First National Development Corporation –
GDP Gross Domestic Products
GEF Global Environment Facility –
GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICD Inland Container Depot –
IDC Industrial Development Corporation
IMF International Monetary Fund
JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency
LEDA Local Economic Development Agency –
MAWF Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forest
MCA Millenium Challenge Account –
Meatco Meat Corporation of Namibia Ltd
MET Ministry of Environment and Trade
MIDP Motor Industry Development Programme
MOE Ministry of Education
MOF Ministry of Finance
v
MTI Ministry of Trade and Industry
MWT Ministry of Works and Transport
MRLGHRD Ministry of Regional and Local Government, Housing and Rural Development
NamPort Namibia Ports Authority
NAB Namibian Agronomic Board –
NamPower –
NASCO Namibian Association of CBNRM Support Organization
–
NDP3 Third National Development Plan
NIC Namibia Investment Centre –
NHDI National Horticultural Development Initiative –
NLFS Namibia Labour Fource Survey –
NPC National Planning Comission
NTA Namibia Training Authority
NTB National Tourism Board
ODC Offshore Development Copropation –
OSBP One Stop Border Post –
PHC Population and Housing Census –
PPIAF Private Provision of Infrastructure Advisory Service
–
REDs Regional Electric Distributors
SACU South African Customs Union
SADC Southern Africa Development Community
SME Small and Medium Enterprises
SP Service Provider
SPAN Strengthen the Protected Area Network –
SWAPO South-West Africa People’s Organization
SWKP Swakopmund
TEU Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit –
TIDCA Trade, Investment and Development Cooperation Agreement
TransNamib TransNamib Holdings Ltd
UNAM University of Namibia
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
VTC Vocational Training Centre –
vi
WTTC World Travel and Tourism Council –
WB Walvis Bay
WBCG Walvis Bay Corridor Group –
WBEPZMC Walvis Bay EPZ Management Corporation –
1
1
1.
1.1
20082 km2 2.2 3
GDP 4,200 2008
10% 65 1.25
JICA2008 3
JICAJICA 3
4
1.2
2
1 JICA3
3
3
1
2 Walvis
Bay Greater Walvis Bay Area
3 (
BDS )
2
JICA
1
2
3
1.3
3 1
1
3
1
1
4 (OhangwenaOmusati Oshikoto
Oshana )
- - -
- - - -
2 Walvis
Bay Greater Walvis Bay Area
Erongo Walvis Bay
- - Walvis Bay - - - - - - Walvis Bay
3
(
BDS)
- - - - -
Caprivi
1.4
2011 23 4 6 7
9 3
1 4 4 Kavango Caprivi
4
4
1.5 3
1.5.1
(1)
2
2
Republic of Namibia
82 Km2 2.2 210 2008 Windhoek 30
H. E. Mr. Hifikepunye Pohamba 1990
50 Kavango 9 8 8 6 90
8(GNI) US$4200 (2008) 38
GDP 10% 30% 60% 16% 16% 68%
NPC
1.5.2
(2)
17 29 12 29
Skelton Coast
1 12 3
1
5
(3)
15
18711884
Walvis Bay
1914
SWAPO
1990 3 211994 SWAPO
2004SWAPO 2009
11
6
1.5.2
(1)
GDP 4.8% 2003 2006PCI 4.6% 2003 2006
GNI 4,200 200894
11 GDP 16% 2006
1 2001 2008 GDP 12 3 2004 10.5% 2006 7.3%
Preliminary National Accounts 2000-2008, Central Bureau of Statistics
1
(2)
802.2
200
!"#$%&
!'#$%&
$#$%&
'#$%&
"#$%&
(#$%&
)#$%&
*$#$%&
*'#$%&
'$$*& '$$'& '$$+& '$$"& '$$,& '$$(& '$$-& '$$)&
./0/1&
+
'
'
*
*
1
7
2
(3)
3
16% 23%67%
4
3 20082009 2010
3
2007 2008 2009* 2010**
2,915.3 3,169.7 3,139.0 3,950.7 909.8 770.6 265.7 409.4 804.6 939.6 714.8 1,022.2 445.1 367.0 257.4 313.3
-3,087.3 -3,852.4 -4,268.0 -4,906.9 -172.0 -682.7 -1,129.0 -956.2
* ** Article IV Consultation Report 2010, IMF
2 Common Monetary Area: CMA
Southern African Customs Union: SACU 3 100%
4
8
2007 2010 10.7%17.0%
(4)
10% 64.5% 5 49.1%1.25
0.71
70% 22%
4 8
4 4
SWAPO
4 4 2006195 4
40.6% Walvis Bay Erongo 6.9% WindhoekKhomas 15.4%
5 World Development Indicators Database 2005
1
9
4
1991 2001 2006
1,409,920 1,830,330 1,952,454 Erongo 54,987 107,663 134,966 Walvis Bay Khomas 166,371 250,262 301,050 Windhoek Ohangwena 179,060 228,384 247,103 Omusati 190,339 228,842 224,256 Oshana 135,352 161,916 159,827 Oshikoto 128,303 161,007 161,102
4 633,054 780,149 792,288 Ohangwena Omusati OshanaOshikoto
2001 2006
5 Erongo Khomas75% 80% 4
3 Omusati 8Erongo Khomas
1.7 2.6 4 Oshana
5
%
N$
46.4 7.1 0.7 28.9 16.9 8,556 Erongo 75.3 9.5 0.2 2.3 12.7 14,767 Khomas 80.3 10.3 0.6 0.2 8.6 22,392 Ohangwena 15.5 3.5 0 57.8 23.2 3,460 Omusati 13.1 1.9 0 80.2 4.8 4,407 Oshana 30.8 9.5 0.1 48.4 11.2 8,217 Oshikoto 25.7 2.7 0.2 49.9 21.5 4,742
Household Income & Expenditure Survey 2003/04
4 1991 2006 Erongo Khomas4% 1.5%
4 Ohangwena2001 2006 Omusati Oshana Oshikoto
Erongo Khomas4 44.9% 40.6%
2 Communal Sector 4 OhangwenaOmusati Oshikoto Oshana Caprivi Kavango
Commercial Sector
10
Commercial Sector Communal Sector60.4% 2006 Inter–Censal Demographic Survey 2006
Communal Sector 3 2
Agriculture Statistics Bulletin (2000-2007), Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry
2
6 Caprivi Kavango4 2
(5) SADC
2001 2008 5%
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
2000 2001 2002 2003 3004 2005 2006 2007
N$ Commercial Sector Communal Sector
1
11
6 2008
( ) GDP 10 USD
GDP ( USD)
2001-08
4869 275.6 5,661 4.2% 1,802 84.2 4.671 13.7% 1,262 14.6 1,160 5.3% 179 13.5 7,551 4.9% 207 9.0 4,339 5.2%
IMF Economic Outlook Database 2011
IMF Economic Outlook Database 2011
3 GDP 2001-2008
JICA 3 2009 3
4 GDP 2006
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
GDP
10
Angola Botswana Namibia South Africa Zambia
1
1-5
2000
8
2008
World Development Indicator Database
1.4.1 FDI 1990 2006
DOE USGS World Development Indicator Database
1.4.2 1 GDP 2006
12
5 Walvis Bay 4
! Trans–Kalahari
! Trans–Caprivi Walvis Bay
! Trans–Cunene Walvis Bay ! Trans–Oranje Walvis Bay
TradeMark Southern Africa http://www.trademarksa.org/ Web
5
1
13
Walvis Bay
6
Walvis Bay Corridor Group
SADCSADC
4
SACU SADC
SADCSADC
SADC
1.5.3
Vision 2030 20303 NDP3 2007 2011
Vision 2030 NDP3 7 8
6 JICA 3 2009 3 p24
14
7 Vision 2030 9
2030 1.
2. NGO
3.
4.
5.
6. 7.
8.
9.
Namibia Vision 2030, Policy Framework for Long-Term National Development (2004)
8 3 NDP3 2007 2011
1.2011 GDP 5% 6.5
2. 2015 MDG
3. 2.6% 3.2
4. 762 946
1.
2.
3.
HIV/AIDS
4. ICT ICT ICT
5. HIV/AIDS
6. NPO
7.
8. SADC SADC 2012 ADC/SACU
Third National Development Plan (NDP3) 2007/2008 - 2011/12 Volume I Executive Summary (2008)
1
15
1.5.4
(1)
2
JICA 20083
9
2010 2011
ODA NPC 2010 2011 2009
Walvis Bay
2008 2009
2002 2003
2010 JICA
(2) 4
3 2010 6 7 4
44
4
16
10 4
3 2
EU
EU
Walvis Bay
Walvis Bay
JICA 2009 5
(3) 3
4 JICA3
3 2 4
Greater WB Area
1
17
1.6
1.6.1
6
6 3
6
10
18
11
1
!
!
!
! 2
Walvis Bay Greater WB Area
! Walvis Bay
! ! ! Walvis Bay
3
BDS
!
! ! !
1.6.2
4 7
3
31
2
1
19
7 4 3
1.7
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•!
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20
JICA
表紙調査対象地域目次1. 調査の背景と調査実施方法1.1 本調査の背景1.2 本調査の目的1.3 調査対象地域1.4 調査スケジュール1.5 「ナ」国の社会経済の状況及び3つの仮説に対する理解1.6 仮説の検証方法1.7 ナミビア国の産業育成戦略検討のための基礎情報・確認の方法