r-!

IDescopera aventura,rezo/va enigme/e i mai apoi...

\J

,

o metoda practica i comp/etaWhatwouldyoulike?

1992UsbornePublishingLtd

Titlu in original

LERN ENGLISHde

NicoleIrving

1997byEDITURA AQUILA '93RomanianeditionandTranslation

ISBN 973-9319-17-3

Traducere:ClaudiaEftimie

Lector:ClaudiaEftimie

Tehnoredactare:EdituraScriptaSrI.Oradea

EDITURA AQUILA '93ORADEA

Cuprins

CuvantinainteGhid depronuntareenglezGlosar(termeni/notiunigramaticale)SubstantiveleAdjectivele~iprimelenotiunidespreverbTimpulprezental verbelorGenitivul in'sImperativul~iMUSTPropozitiileinterogativePropozitiilenegativeCatevaverbedeexceptiePrepozitiile~iparticulele"Cine", "ce" ~ipronumelereflexivePrezentulcontinuu(continuare)PronumelepersonaleVerbelela trecut~iadverbeleImperfectul(continuare)Aspectulsimplu~icontinuual trecutuluiPresentPerfectParticipiultrecutalverbului~ipronumeleposesiveViitorulFormareaviitoruluicugoingtoGradeledecomparatiecomparativ~isuperlativWould~iconditionaluloscrisoareExplicatiigramaticaleRaspunsurile~isolutii1eexercitii10rNumeralele,datele,anotimpurile...Dictionarenglez-roman

I

J

Cuvantinainte

ChristopherCrookTalhar interna-

tional. Politiadin Londraare un dosar

despre el.

Susy MillerSora lui John.E mai invarstadecatelcu un an.Iiplac romanelepolitiste.

FangsPisica familieiFruitcake. Curi-

oasa,Ii placesafie rasIatata.Iiplace sa-l tachi-nezepe Softie.

EmmaFruitcakeMama luiSarah.Este 0sculptoritadestuldefaimoasa.

John MillerFratele lui Susy.Ii placeplimba-rea,cataratul,plimbareacubicicleta ~imancarea.

Phil FruitcakeTatiilluiSarah.Fiullui FrederickFruitcake.Lucreazapentru0asociatiedecaritate.

SofticCainele fami-liei Fruitcake.

Curajos ~ine-obosit.Cateo-

datamai e ~inervos.

SarahFruitcakePrietenalui

John ~iSusy.Ea i-a intalnitcu un an Inurmain timpulvacantei.

Primii sunt Susy ~iJohn, deoareceei sosesc la Bridgetown, pe drumulcareducela re~edintaFruitcake. Ei au venit de la Londra, undede a~tfellocuiesc, pentrua-~ipetrecevacantaImpreunacu familia Fruitcake.Iiveti insoti pe parcursulacesteicarti.

Personajele principalePe pal'cursce Inaintati, veti face cuno~tintacu anumitepersonaje.Ceicaredetin un 1'01 importantva sunt prezentatiaiei.

Aceastatraducerenu estemcutacuvantcu cuvant.De fapt, nu neexprimamtot timpul la felinenglezaca ~iIn romana.A~adar,eaconstituetraducereaceamaiadecvatacu putinta.

PaginiIe 4 ~i5 va prezintaunghid de pronuntareenglez~iunglosar.Glosarul va explicatermeniigramaticalicaretrebuie~tiutipentrua intelegemai binetextul.Revenitiasupraluidacanusuntetifamiliarizaticutelmeniigramaticali. '

Aceastacarteva permitesainvatatiregulile de bazaalegramaticii limbii engleze~isapunetiin practicaceace invatatipe parcurs,insu~indu-vanoicuno~tinte.

Parteaprincipalaa cartii incepela pagina6. Fiecare capitolprezintaun punctsaudouadegramatica,iar bandadesenatavaprezintautilizareaacestora.Toatecuvintelenoi suntprezentatealaturide traducerealor. Cititi explicatiile ~ibandadesenata.Consultati lista decuvintenoi dind va atlati intr-unimpas.Daca va va fi greusaIntelegeti,apelati la tradueereabulelor.

Pe parcursulfiecarui capitol vetiintalni eel putin 0 ghieitoaresauunjoc careva oferaocazia de apunein practicaeeeace atiaeumulatpe parcurs.Raspunsurile~isolutiile Ie gasitila paginile 56-57.

De retinut

In aceastacalie, abrevierea(pi) Inseamnaca cuvantulsauexpresiaIn chestiuneseatla la plural.

*Acest asterixInseamnaca verbul careurmeazaesteneregulat,(verbul al carui timp trecutesteneregulat).Verbeleneregulatedin englezavasunt explicateundeestenecesar.

oi & oy se prol1ul1!a"oi" ca Inbaietoi: boy,soil.

ea se pronunta"i": tea,please,sau"e" caIn elefant: dead,treasure.eose pronun!a"i": people.

oe& uese pronunti'i"u" scurt ca 111unghie: shoe,blue,clue.

ew se pronuntaaproapeca un "u":;ewel,sauun "iu" din romana:new.

ie sepronunta"i", carepoatetilung: piece,sauscurt:fi-iend.

ay & ey se prol1unta"ei" ca 111piei: away,they;ea sepronuntacateodataexact la fel: great.

ou se pronul1ta"au" ca ~i111aur:about,foundsau "0"mai alungit:four.

ui se pronunta"j"ca 111indiciu:buildersau"u" ca In ureche: ;uice.

ow se pronuntacateodata"au":cow.now iar alteOl'ise pronul1ta"au" ca 111dlau: show.window.

Consoanele

c se pronunta"s" In fatalui"e" sau"i": ;uice,cinema;sau"k", ca Inkilometru: castle,cup(ck se pronuntaexact la fel).

isepronuntaca In limba romana(adica scmi): bridge,river,is;- asemenisunetului"a" din casa:bird;- asemenisunetului"ai" din cobai:bike,white,shine.

u se pronunta:- asemenisunetului"a" din vazasaucasa: but.up,jumper;- asemenisunetului"u" din lut:put;- asemenisunetului"iu" din fiu:stupid.

o se pronuntaca In romana:dog.not,got;- asemenisunetului"0"din oracoldarmult mai alungit:old,phone,home,no;00se pronunta"u": uliu, u~a,darIn majoritateacazurilor estemaialungit decatIn limba romana(veziun dictional'bun):school,look,good,poor.

e la sfar~itulunui cuvantnu sepronuntadeloc : bike,shine,likecu excePtiacuvintelor formatedintr-o silaba,unde"e" sepronuntaiscmi: he,she,be;ee: se pronuntatot "i", dar putinalungit:see:green.

ai se pronuntaasemenisunetului"e" din etaj: airport,pair sausunetuJui"ei" din lei: painting.

aw se pronunta"0"ca In anotimp:draw,strawbeny.Cilteodata,acestsunetsescrie 00 (ca In door),or(ca In for),sauour (ca In four),darpronuntatmai alungit.

PronuntiaIn limba englezadiferade ceadin limba romana.Unelelitere sunt u~orde pronuntatdeoareceele au tot timpul aceea~ipronuntie,se citesc la fel, iar altelese citesc~ise pronuntaca In limbaromana(adica "b","k", "]", "p","t"~i"z"). Totu~i,multe litere ~igrupuri de literese pot pronuntadiferit ~ipentrua ~ticum sa Iepronuntaticorect,ceamai indicatamodalitateestede a ascultacuatentiecum vorbescenglezii.

Aici va suntprezentatecatevaregulicareva VOl' ajutasapronunta!icorect litereleal carol'sunettrebuieInvatat.Atentie Inschimb: pronuntareaIn englezadifera, existandmu]teexceptii.

Vocalele

..1~CLLt)))

'...Ghid de pronuntare englez

4 1Gasiti toatecuvintelecitateIn exemplela vocabularulde lapaginile59-64.

Glosar

ch sepronunFi"tch":church~i"1(;'dupa"s":school.

g sepronuntagi Inaintealui "e"sau"i": orange;altfeJ,g sepronuntanormal:bag,go,garden;un"u" 'IIpoateIntari:guess.

gh sepronuntauneori"f':enough,jaraiteorinusepronuntadeIoc:straight,light.

ngnusepronun!afoartedistinct;multecuvinteseterminaIn "ing",aceastatermina!iepronun!andu-secaun"n" nazalizat:sing,bring.

h sepronun!aaproapeIntotdeaunaIn engleza:here,holiday,hello.

j sepronunta"g" caIn ger,jumper.

kn sepronunta"n" ("k"-ulnusepronuntaaici):knOw.

1& II sepronun!aca I-ul dinvila:ill. holiday;Iedela sfar~itulunuicuvantsepronun!a"al" ca~iInmamaliga:table.

qu sepronunta"k": quick,quiet.

r-ul dinenglezasepronuntaaproa-pecaIn romana:river,forest.

Er sepronunra"a"candseaflalasfar~itu]unuicuvant:mothel;fathel;brother

Terminariaour sepronunrala fel (a):flavour2.

s sepronuntacaIn ceas:house.forest;cateodata(maialeslasfar$ituJ

2 In AmericaaceasHiterminatiesescrieor.

cuvantului)sepronunra"z"-zebra:is,clothessau"j" caIn joc:treasure.

shsepronun!a"~"caIn ~arpe:shop,show.

th sepronuntacaunfel de"t" pu~nandlimbaIntredinri,Iasandaerulsaiasau~orpegura:the.this.

tion sepronunra"$an":expedition.'

w sepronun!a"u" caIn uituc:want,away.

wh sepronuntacateodata"u" iaralteoricaunh englezescfoarteaspirat:who.

x sepronunracateodata"gz"exit;iaralteori"ks":expel,fax.

y sepronunta"i" purinalungit:crayon,you;uneoriscurt:nearly,ready,stOlY;iaralteorisepronunra"ai" caIn cobai:by.

Variante:

AtatIn MareaBritanie,cat~iInRomania,existamaimu]teaccenteregionale.lndicariiledemaisuscorespundenglezeistandarddinzilelenoastre,fiind prezentataa~acumestevorbitaIn sud-estulAngliei.

Mai exista$ialteaccente- cumarfi celal englezeiamericanevorbiteIn America(undeoI1ogranereava-riazaIn compara!iecuceaaMariiBritanii).

Acesq~1osal'-vaprezintapescurtprincipaliitermenigramaticalidinaceastacm1e.

substantivul:cuvantcaredenume$telucruri,fiinre.ExempIu:$oarece.pronumele:cuvantcaretineIoculunuisubstantiv.Exemplu:ea.almeu.subiectul:substantivsaupronumecaresuferaaqiuneaexprimatadeverb.Exemple:$oarecelemananca.Ea mananca.

complementul:substantivsaupro-numecaredeterminaunverb.Elpoaten direct:Eamanancabran-za.~iindirect:Ea Ii dasuroriisalebranza.

adjectivul:cuvantcaredescrieunsubstantiv.ExempIu:Ea estegrasa.

verbul: cuvantcareexprima0aqiunesau0stare.Verbulsecon-juga,adicasepunela forme~itimpuri diferite,conformsubiectu-Iui $imomentuluiIn carearelocaqiunea.Exemple:eamananca;eimancau;euvoin.infinitivul: formadebazaaverbu-lui. E formapecare0 areverbulcandnue conjugal.ExempIu:manca.a fugi.adverbul:cuvantcaredeterminaunverbexprimandcaracteristici(In timp,spariu,etc.).E-xemple:Ea manancarepede;Ea vamancamaine.

DO

5

9substantive,eOricarear fi genulsubstantivului,inengleziiyetiadiiugathepentruaaliiculasubstantiveIe.Exemple:thebridge(podul); thetower(turnul);theairport(aeroportul).

Un ~i0 setraducprina in fatauneiconsoane~ian in fatauneivocale.Exemple:a bridge(unpod);anairport(unaeropOli).

Pluralul substantivelor

Majoritateasubstantivelorprimescuns la plural:bridges(poduri)l.The aparein farasubstantivelor laplural - darnuintodeauna.

Intrebuintamthedindvorbimdesprelucruriconcrete(thebridgesofBridgetown- poduriledinBridge-town).CandvorbimdesprelucruI'inenumarabilenuutilizamthe.(1likesweets- imi p]acdulciurile).

6 I 1PluraluIsubstantivelorcareseformeazadiferitvaesteexplicatla pag.49.2 In propozitiileinterogative~inegativesomevafi lnlocuitcuany.

I -

Cuvinte noi

bridgesweetmarkettowercastlecinemapostofficeswimmingpoolchurch3station

campsiteairportcoasttownportriverlakevillagemountainmaphousecafefarmhotelforestisland

podbomboana

piataturncastelcmemaoficiu po~talpiscinabisericagaraloc decampingaeroportcoasta(Ja mare)ora~portdiulacora~el,satmuntehartacasacafeneafermahotelpadureinsula

,~~~~._----------"Exista unlo" i "iata"

Pentruexista,seafla un/oyomspunethereis (sauthere's)la singu-

lar ~ithereare la plural.Exemple:thereisa lake(este/seafla unlac...); therewe lakes(sunt/seaflalacuri...).

Candyremsaspunemiata yomutilizatot thereis lare. Candnereferimla unobiectcareseaflaprinapropiere,vomspunehereis (sauhere's)4la singular~ihereare la plural.

La familia Fruitcake

Pentru un motiv necunoscut,bar-battil din spatelelui John ~i-alJuiSusy prive~te~iretinedrumulcareduce la familia Fruitcake. EI

a gasitdeja primele ~asepunctede repercare indica drumul de laaeroport.Cautati-Ie pe celelate~asealcatuind 0 lista in englezaCtinandcont de a, an).

3 La plural:churches.4 Is lnseamnaeste.In limbavorbita,selntrebuinteazaformacontrasas (vezipag.8).

look!it is, it'sthereis, there'sthereare(pI)hereis, here'shereare (pI)yesnotooandtwogreatwhat'sthat?

priYe~te!este,exista(acolo)este,seafla(acolo)sunt,seafla(aici)este,seafla(aici)sunt,seaflada

nudeasemenea~l, lardoi,douaminunatce esteaceea?

Cheia replicilor

-John, look!John priYe~te!-It's thecoast!E coasta!-Ohyes! There'sa towntoo!$iacolomaieste~iun ora~!-It:'aport.EsteunpOlio-A river! Un rau!-A lake!Un lac!-A village!Un sat!-Oh,mountains'Oh,chiar~imunti!-Look!ThereSBridgetown.PriYe~-te!Acolo esteora~ulBridgetown.

-Yes,therearethebridges... Da, acolosuntpodurile...-andthetwotowers.~iceledouaturnuri.-Oh, here'stheairport' Oh, iata(aicie) aeroportul.-Great!Sweets.Minunat'Dulciuri!-What'sthatSusy?Ce ai acoloSusy?-It's themap.Harta.-Andhere'stheFruitcakehouse.$iiata~icasafamilieiFruitcake.

Adjectivele i primele notiuni despre verb

ellea are

euamtu ai/voi aveti. 'nOl avemei/ele au

Prezentulverbului tohaveestehaverespectivhas.Deseori, inanumitecontexte,seadaugagot:

To have,to havegot(a avea)

bluesky

In engleza,1(eu) sescrie Intotdea-una cu majuscula.Jou inseamnaatattu,voi cat~idvs.EI ~ieaaudreptcorespondenthe~ishecandne referimla persoane.Cand vor-bim despre lucruri vom spuneit2WeinseamnanoL Theyinseamnaatatei cat~iele.

"Eu", "tu", "el", "ea", etc.

()-~Thelje;feaholtJqy==~_O~; ,~;;;.;: ;.~~._'-""- .,

~

eu sunttu e~ti/voisuntetiel!eaestenoi suntemei/ele sunt

Jam

youarehe/she/itiswearetheyare

In engleza,adjectivelesepun Inain-teasubstantivului~isunt invariabi-Ie. Spreexemplu,cu green(verde)vom avea:a greencar (0 ma~inaverde)~igreencars(ma~iniverzi).Verbelein limbaenglezaIn engleza,verbelese conjugaa-proapela fel la timpul prezent(vezipagina 10).Anumite verbe,precumtobe(a fi) ~itohave(aavea)lseconjugadiferit. Le gasiti conjugatela timpul prezentpe urmatoareapagina.

To be(a fi)

J have(got)youhave(got)wehave(got)theyhave(got)

ffi{ - I've g~ta ~Hey, JOhn!A~~ ~~I I!. I h/~I.~} smallblack You'vegota .'; M "'. Ohyes,I've gota XI h~ssr;dt)l~ bag. tenttoo. ..4. ~ greentent.~,t:r ,..~~" J ..l ~(~.(i~ F/,r ~;' _tire~". ~,r,~ a bluebag".._/' ~" gree: bag~ ( ~ ."II~.1~~ ~=~~/1.9~""" l'l~Y /'w,' :d~",r-,-,*~,",~~.~.~r,.~~ Were znl~. Oh,he's.:'7:"~.."'''''~vv..t''.!" ~'1' ,'il~.'"'Ir:71;,;}~J~v0~i~~'J:,.!j,.. ~ ...Ij'~".w:'" ~"' Bridgetown..,~f\ tall. ;0"," VQ't 4. 0 I ,,~- J.

Cine ce bagaje are? ~~~,Ati puteasa depistatiacestepersonaj~~"bapdadesenata~isa desco-periti cine ce bagajeare? SpunetiIn ehglezace fel de bagajearefie-care~iatribuiti-Ie elite0 euloare.Primul raspunseste:Hisbagisr~green.

"AI meul mea","altaul fa","alsaul sa"

latacumspunetial meu/mea,al Hiu/tain engleza.Cuviintulutilizatpentrualsaulsa,ai/alelor depindede lucrulsaupersoanadesprecarevorbiti.

my al meu/mea.ai mei/alemeIeyour almu/ta,aimiltale,alvostru/voastra,ai

vo~tri/voastrehis al sau/asa,ai sai/alesale(m)her al sau/asa,ai sai/alesale(f)its al sau/sa,ai sai/sale(obieetc)our al nostru/anoastra,ai/aleno~tri(e)their alia lor,ai/alelor

No, it :s all right.We'vegotyour

map.

Cheia replicilor

'I've gota smallblackbagAm 0geantamica~ineagra.'Hey,John! You'vegota tenttoo.Heilohn! $i tuai unCOli.'Oh,yes!I've gota greentent.Oh da!Am un COlideculoareverde.'Oh sony! Oh, scuzati.'Oh, hestall. Oh, ceinalteste.Ah... I'm tired...Ah... suntobosita.'A greensuitcase... a bluebag 0valizaverde...o geantaalbastra.'I've gotan oldgreenbag3Am 0vechegeantaverde.Youarekind!Thankyou... Suntetiamabila.Va multumesc.

Hello,Sarah?Its Susy.Alo, Sarah?Susylatelefon.We'rein Bridgetown.... SunteminBridgetown...No,it~all right.We'vegotyourmap.Nu, e in regula.Avemhmiavoastra.'My backpacksred.Rucsaculmeuero~u.'Heresyourbag.Aici egeantata.'No, its his bag Nu, aceastaegeantasa.'My suitcasesaregrey.Geamanta-nelemelesuntgri.'Heresyoursuitcase,Miss. lata,aiciestegeamantanuldvs.Domni~oara.

Cuvinte noi

carholidaysky4seasanddaytripbagtentsuitcasebackpackbriefcasegreenbluewhiteblackredgreyyellowpelfectclearwarmexcitingsmall,littlesorrytalltiredold

thanks,thankyoukindhelloinall rightMiss

~

ma~inavacantaeel'mare

nISlp .excurslegeantacortgeamantanrucsacgeantadiplomatverdealbastrualbnegruro?ugngalbenperfectlimpede,clarcaldut,caldextraordinarmic (a)pardon,scuzeinalt(a)obosit(a)(in context)vechi/e,batriin(a)va/ltimultumesc

amabil(a)buna,salutin

in regulaDomni~oara

3 Nu uitaticaunsau0 setradueprinan In fataunuicuvo'mtcareIneepeeu0 vocala.Acesteuvantpoatefi atatunsubstantiv(an airport- unaeroport)cat~iun adjectiv(an old bag- 0 geantaverde).4 Pluraluleste:skies. 9

Timpul prezent al verbelor

To want(a dori, a vrea)

I'd like (a~dori/a~ vrea)

Prezentul continuu

timpului prezent.Acesta descrie0 actiune careare loc, sedesIa~oaraehiar in momentulvorbirii.

Prezentul continuu se formeazaell aJlItorul verbului tobe(vezi pagina 8)+)nfinitivul verbului-la care se adaugater-

minatia - ing.In continuare,va esteprezentatverbul towalkconjugat la prezentul continuu: I amwalking,

au/we/theyarewalking,he/she/itis walking.3

Pentru a spune ceeace doriti, yetiutiliza verbultowant(a dori, a vrea)care se conjuga la fel ca verbul towalkla prezentulsimplu (I/you/we/theywant,he/she/itwants).Towantnu se j'ntrebuinteazala aspectulcontinuu.4Pentru a spune ceeace doriti sa fa-ceti, folositi verbul towantalaturi deun infinitiv, spre exemplu: I wanttowalk (eu vreau samerg/sama~

I'd likealemonade.

In engleza,verbelesunt u~orde conjugat la prezent,dar lapersoanaa treia singular primesc un s. lata cum aratapre-zentul verbului towalk(a se plimba). l/you/we/theywalk,he/she/itwalks.IAcesta esteaspectulsimplu al verbului latimpul prezent,caracterizand0 actiunecareare loc deobicei, deseori sau niciodata.Totu~i,spredeosebiredelimba romana.in englezamai exista ~iun alt aspectal

Utilizarea eelor doua aspeeteale timpului prezent.

TrebuiesaretineticaIn engleza,oriceactiunecareesteIn cursdedesIa~U1:areserap0l1eazacontinuu.Exemplu:eudint(Inacestmoment)setraduce:[ amsinging,dar,dacaaceastapropozitie0 yetitraduce:[ sing(eucant)seintelelgecadese-orisaucateodata,prinunnarevare-feritila0 aqiunecareareloc repe-tatsaudincandIn cando

10 1 Verbelecarela infinitivseterminain ch, 5h, 55,X saua primesetermina\iaesin lac de5 la persoanaa treiasingular.Exemplu:togo (a merge),vomspunehegoes(el merge)2 IntinitivulTarato senumqteformadebazaa verbului.3 Formelecontrasealeverbuluitobe la prezentuleontinuu(vezi pag.8) seprezintain felul urmiitor:I'm walking,you/

pelsajsoarepasaredrumColamasalimonadacea~cacuceai'Inghetatasucdeportocaleaparat.fotomagazmbaiatbicicletafiubarbatsecretcomoaraindiciubarca

a merge/aseplimbaa seuitalaa stralucia cantaa cauta..a ducecatre..a-i placeacuivacevaa platia vizitaa plecaa Inchiriaa ascunde'Incetprost,tampitfiti amabilaacesta/aceastacatre,la ...la umbrainghetat/avarogunde,'Incotroacumdarintotdeaunapustiu/edrag/asingur/apelangagol/goalamarefoartebogat/aintaiInaintedetoatecubine,adio

tolook attoshine*tosing*tolookfortolead*tolike

topay*tovisittogo*tohiretohide*slowlystupidexcusemethistoin theshadeice-coldpleasewhere?nowbutalwaysdesertdearaloneonnearemptybigveryrichfirstfirst of allfarewell

Cuvinte noi

landscapesunbirdroadCoketablelemonadecupof teaicecreamorangejuicecamerashopboybikesonman5secrettreasureclueboat,ship

to walk

Scrisoarea misterioasa

Susy a observatca un Domn a la-satsa-i scape0 foaiedehartie.

Rididind-o de pejos, observacaesteyorba despre0 scrisoareInve-chita. 0 persoanafoarteobosita

trebuies-o fi scris, mcandciitevagre~eli(~aseIn total).Ati putea-o

rescriecorectandgre~elile~itncercandsa 0 traducetiIn

romana?

juice.Oorim0 inghetata~iun sucdeportocale.I'd likea lemonade.A~dori0limonada.And I'd likea Coke,please.Iar eua~dori0 Cola,va rog.I'd like topay,please.A~vreasaplatesc,varog.Wheresmycamera?Undeeaparatulmeudefotografiat?Now I'wantto lookat theshopsinBridgetown.$i acumvreausavadmagazineledin Bridgetown.Butwealwayslookat theshops.Oarintotdeaunaneuitamlamagazme.Theboyswantto visitthecastle.Baietiidorescsavizitezecastelu!.We;vanttohire twobikes.Oorimsainchiriemdouabiciclete.

A desertIs/and 1893

o

Farewell

FerdinandFruitcaKe

Cheia replicilor

t1y dearson Joseph,

/ ama old man./ are aloneon mydesert Islandandmyhousenear

BridgetownIs empty.I has a secret big. I am velJl rich. Now my

treasureIs your treasure.t1yhousehidethe first clue.Rrst of a//

you'reloof/ngfor twoboat.

You'rewalkingtooslowly.Mergipreaincet.I'm lookingat thelandscape,stupid!Admir peisajul,tampitule."Ohyes,thesunsshining... Intr-adevar,soarelestraluce~te......andthebirdsaresinging...iarpasarilecanta.Excuseme,wearelookingforBridgetown.Fiti amabiH'i,cautamBridgetown.-ThismadleadstoBridgetown.OrumulacestavaduceinspreBridgetown../ wanta tablein theshade.Ooresc0masala umbra../ wantan ice-coldlemonade.A~dorio limonadacugheata.He wantsa cupof tea. El dore~te0cea~cacuceai.Wewantan icecreamandanorange

we/they'rewalking,he/she/its walking.4 Uneleverbe,cumarfi towant,nuseutilizeazapracticniciodatala prezentul 11continuu.Vezi listadela pag.20.5 Pluralul:men.

In engleza,pentruaspunecui ceIi apartineseadaugaun's posesorului.Exemple:Sarahscat (pisicaluiSarah),thedogsbowl(farfuria catelului),thisjumperis Sarahs (acestpuloveresteallui Sarah).La plural,candnumeleposesoruluiseterminaIn s, seadaugadoarapostroful:thedogs'bowl(farfuria dii-nilor).! In engleza, posesorulprecedelucrulposedat,acestaneavandarticolln fatasa.

Genitivul in '5

This, these~ithat,those

Thisdescrieunlucrudinapropiere~iInseamnaacesta/aceasta.La plu-ralvomspunetheseadicaace~tia/acestea.Exemplu:Thisbagisgreen(Aceastageantaeverde).Thatdescrieunobiectdindepartare~iInseamnaacela/aceea,iar la plu-ral thoseInseamnaaceia/acelea.Exemplu:Thatbagisyellow(Geantaaceeaestegalbena).

Acesta/aceastaeste

Pentruacesta/aceastaesteutiIizamfie it is (sauthis/thatis) fiehe/she/itis. Utiliziimit is (sauthis/thatis)

intelesurileparticulei'5

Nu confundati's - mareaposeso-rului(ca in Sarahscat - pisicalui Sarah),euformaeontrasaaverbuluitobe('S = is) tohave('s =has)sautohavegot('s got=hasgot)- vezipagina8.

pentru0 identificare~ihe/she/itispentrureluareauneiideiete.Exemplu:Whois that?It sRobert.Hesmybrother.(Cine esteacela?AcelaeRobert [identificare].Efratelemeu[reluare]).Pentruidentifieareatiputeaspune~iThatsRobert.

Aici este~iacolo este

Aici este~iacoloestesespunehereis ~ithereis.2Totu~i,putqiutiJizathisis ~ithatis (acesta/aceastaeste)~i(acela/aceeaeste)candvaprezentatiprieteniisauunlueru.

12 1Dac1\posesorulesteun substantivcarearepluralulneregulat(man,men- biirbat, biirbati) adilugam'soExemplu:themen'sshirts (ciimii~ilebarbatilor) 2 Vezi pagina7.

~ ...~

....... '.... ".. :.:,...- \I "

~ .. ,~~.~., ...

Denumireahainelor .Jclothes(PI) hainetrousers(PI) pantaloni(blue-)jeans(PI) blugi !shorts(PI) pantaloniscurtiskat fUstadress3 rochietracksuit trening;umper pulovershirt cama~aT-shirt tricousweatshirt sveterdebumbac;acket vestasuit costumsock cioraptights(PI) pantalonishoe pantoftrainers(PI) adida~iboot cizmahat palarie

Cheia replicilor

-Hello. We'reSarahsfriends. Buna,suntemprietenii lui Sarah.oHello. I'm her mother.Buna, eusunt mamaei.oMy name is Emma... and this isour dog, Softie.Ma numescEmma...iar acestaesteciiinele nostru Softie.oWhosecat is that? AI cui estepi-soiul acela?oHe is Sarah S. His name is Fangs.Esteallui Sarah~isenume~teFangs.oHereare thebedrooms:myparents'room,... lata dormitoarele:cameraparintilor mei, ....omyroom and... cameramea ~l...othelodger sroom... camerachiri-a~uIui.oThis is myfavourite room. lata ca-merameapreferata.oIt smy mothersstudio. E atelierulmarne!mele.That is anoldpaintingof FruitcakeHouse. Acela esteun vechi tabloual re~edintieiFruitcake.

Cui iiapartin...?Cauta!i acestenaine"lnimagini ~ispecifica!i cui Ii apar!in.(lata pri-mul raspuns:This~tracksuitisSarahs).

Whose? InseamnaaI/a cui. De~i .to belong Inseamnaa apartine,de obicei se utilizeazato be (a fi).Exemplu: Whosejumper is this?(AI cui esteacest pulover?)

Whoseschimbaordineacuvintelor

In propozi!ie. Deseori, substantivulse punedupawhose,this ~ithat:Whosejumper is that?

-This is a portrait of Sarah sgrandfather,Frederick. Acestaesteportretul bunicului lui Sarah,Frederick.

oOhno, itsScoff, the neighbours'goat! Oh nu, eScoff, capraveci-nilor!-Whose clothes are these?Ale cuisunt acestehaine?-They're my brotherS. Sunt alefratelui meu.oandthisjumper... iar acestpulo-ver...oIts thebuilderS. Est~al zidarului.-Jlike theseglasses. lmi placace~tiochelari.oThey'reSusys. Sunt ai lui Susy.-Whose is this shirt? A cui esteaceastacama~a?oIts Johns. Este a lui John.4oAndthesebinoculars? Dar acestbinoclu?oThey'reJohns too. Este tot alluiJohn.

Cuvintenoi

catdogbowlfriendparentmotherfathergrandfathergreat-grandfatherbrothersisterbedroomroomlodgerstudiopaintingportraitneighbourgoatbuilderglasses(pI)binoculars(pI)tool

mynameishis/hernameis

to belong(to)

who?whose?poorfavourite

pisicacainefarfurieprieten/aparintemamatatabunicstrabunic

fratesoradormitorcameralocataratelierstudiopicturaportretvecin/acaprazidarochelaribinocluunealta

manumescel/easenume~tea apartine

cine?aI/acui?sarac/apreferata

3 Plural:dresses.4 De~iraspunsulJohn's estecorect,In englezaformaprescurtataIn it'semaidesIntrebuintaHi.13

Dacanucunoa~temnumelepersoanei,putemspuneSir (domnuIe)~iMadam(doamna).Totu~i,Sir ~iMadamsuntrareorifolositein englezavorbita.

Imperativul11imustIn engleza, imperativul indica un ordin sau un sfat, avanddoar a singura forma. La toateverbele, aceastaforma esteidentica cu radacina verbala (infinitivul lara to).Exemplu:Imperativul verbului to beestebe(fii, fiti).

Misteri Missus

Mister~iMissusinseamnaDomnuIe,DoamnaiarprescurtatsevorscrieMr. ~iMrs.,niciodatanuvomspuneMr. sauMrs.taraaadauga~inumeledefamilie.

Sa fiu, sa mergemetc.

Pentruaspunesa fim, samergemetc.yomadaugalet'sradaciniiverbaIe.ExempIu:let'sbe(satim)let:~walk(hai sa neplimbam/mergem).;...----

Careful.'Goslowly!

Mustexprima0 obligatie(trebuie!),esteinvariabil,tiindurmatdever-bulla intinitiv(tarato).Exemplu:[mustleave(trebuiesaplee).

Youmustvisiteverything:theoldchurch,thecaves,

Fishport...

In engleza,unalt auxiliarmodalin afaralui mustestecan (aputea),conjugiindu-seidentic.Auxiliarelemodalesuntinvari-abile(nuprimescs la persoana

a treiasingular)~isunturmatedoarderadacinaverbaIa.Exemplu:He cankeeptherope(EI poatetine funia).

14 1 Litera"s" de la finalnu sepronun(a.2 Gasiti verbelereflexivelapag.24.3 Pentrua fi politicosin engleza,utilizaticuvinteleMrs. (doamna)Mr. (domnule)sauMiss. (domni~oara).

primul/aaI doilea/adouaal treilea/atreiadreptinainteluati-ola stanga..,luati-oladreapta...(a seafla)a fi pe

stanga(a seafla)a fi pe

dreapta

firstsecondthirdstraightahead(turn/go*) left(turn/go*)right(tobe*) on the

left(tobe*)on the

right

-Seeyou late!:Pe curand.-Youmustshutthegate.Trebuiesainchizipoarta.-Turnleft... Ia-o la stanga...-andtakethefirst pathontheright.~iia-opeprimastradala dreapta.-Softie,comehere!Softie,vino aiei.-ThismustbetheFruitcakehouse.Aceastatrebuiesa fie re~edintaFruitcake.-!mustfind thatcluefast. Trebuiesagasescrepedeacelindiciu. A-First, let:Sfind thatnailfile. Intai iasagasescaceapila deunghii.-Bequiet!Tacidin gura.-Theselocksmustbeveryold.Acestelacatetrebuiesafie invechite.-Bequiet,you horribledog!Tacidingura,caineafurisit!

a mergea (0) ~uala...a vema urmaria intoarcela...

Cuvinte noi

rope

funieto do* thea facegate

poarta,gardshoppingcumparaturisight

priveli~tetofind*a gasi,acave

pe~tera descoperinailfile

pila deunghiilock

IacatMr.domnulMrs.

doamnatokeep*

a pastracarefulatent/ato throw*

a aruncaslowlyIncetto be*quiet

a taceacalmcalm/atowatch*out

a fi atent/aquietsilentios/oasatopull

a tragequicklyrepedetoshut*,

a Inchideseeyou laterpecurandto close

hereaicito hurry

a segrabifastrepedeto leave* a plecahorribleoribil, afurisit

Cum ne orientam

Deseori, imperativulajuta la indicareadrumului. lata ni~tecuvintecareva VOl' ajutasa dati ~isa 'il1te1egetiunele instruqiuni.street strada tocross atraversa(main)road ~osea tocarryon a continuapath drumsquare piatajunction intersectietrafficlights(pI) semaforpedestrian zebra

crossingtogo*to take*to come*tofollowto turn

cS>

Cheia replicilor-Carefitl!Go slo'wly!Atentie!Mergiinceti~or!-Keepcalm,Scoff.Pastreaza-ticalmuI,Scoff.-Throwtherope.Aruncafunia.-Bequiet,Softie.Softie,tacidingura!-Watchout!Fii atent!-OK, let:Spull...NOW! OK, satra-gem...ACUM!-Shutthegatequickly,Mrs. Penny!DoamnaPenny,Inchidetirepedegardul!-Please,hul'lY!Va rog,grabiti-va!-Youmustvisiteverything:theoldchurch,thecaves,Fishport...Trebuiesavizitatitot:bisericaveche,pe~te-rile, Fishport...-1mustdotheshoppinginFishport.TerbuiesafaccumparaturileinFishport.

Drumul spre biserica veche

Dupa ce au luat-o pe prima stradala dreapta,Sarah,Susy ~iJohnsuntaici. Ca sa ajungaIa vecheabisericaei au nevoiede cinciindicatii. Dati-vii dreptSarah,~ioferiti-le acesteindicatii. Prima:Crossthemainroad.

15

PropozitiileInterogativeExistadouamodalitatideapune0intrebarein engleza.Cu tobe~iauxiliarelemodale(must~ican),formam0 intrebarepunandsubi-ectuldupatobesauauxiliar.Exemplu:AmI late?(Am Intar-ziat?);MustI walk?(Trebuiesamergpejos?)

Exemplu:Do I crosshere?(Traver-sezaid?); Doesshewantan icecream?(Dore~teea0 inghetata?)

Can

Auxiliarulmodalcaninseamnaaputea,a fi capabil,aaveapermisi-uneadea...La fel camust,can

esteinvariabil~iesteurmatdeunverb(tarato).Canmaiin-seamnaa ~ti(CLl intelesuldeasepricepelaceva).Exemplu:I canwalk(potsa merg);I cango out(Am voiesaiesafara); J canswim(~tiusaInot - suntcapabil).

Cuvinteleinterogative

latacuvinteleinterogativecareartrebuiinvatate:

La celelalteverbe,utilizamdo(doesla persoanaatreiasingular).Do (saudoes)sepuneinainteasubiectului.

propozitiiinterogative.Exemplu:I wantsomebutter(Vreauni~teunt);Doyouhaveanybutter?(Avetini~teunt?).

Short answers (Raspunsuriscurte)

In in locdea raspundedoarcuyes(da)sauno (nu),sereiaauxiliaruldin intrebare.Exemplu:Doyoulikecats?Yes,I do. (W placpisicile?Da); Canyouswim?Yes,I can(~tiisainoti? Da).

Atatsome,cat~ianyinseamnani~te.Somesefolose~tedoarinpropozitiiafirmative,iaranyin

Some ~iany

In engleza,cuvinteleinterogativesuntinvariabile.CandIeutilizam,ordineacuvintelorramaneaceea~iin propozitie,fiecaavemuncu-vantinterogativsaunu.Exemplu:WhymustJ walk?(Decetrebuiesa mergpejos?); Whydoyouwanta coffee?(Decevrei 0cafea?)

cum?cate?1cat?unde?dece?cand?ce?care/pecare?cine?aI/acui?

howhowmany?howmuch?where?why?when?what?which?who?whose?

i

16 1How much?seutilizeazacu substantivelenenumarabileiarhowmany?cu substantivelenumarabile.Exemplu:How manyapples?(Clite mere?);How muchbutter?(Cat unt?).

Cheia replicilor

~Hello,Mrs.Fruitcake.Buna ziuadoamnaFruitcake.oHello!Buna ziua.oDoyou haveapineapple?Avetiun ananas?oDoyouhavea basket?Aveti unco~?01wouldlikesixoranges,please.A~dori ~asepOliocaleva rag.oThesearemandarins.Acesteasuntmandarine.oDoyou likestrawberries?Itiplac cap~unile?oMayI havea taste?Pot sa gust?oExcuseme,canyoucarrythisbox?Fii amabil, poti duceaceastacutie?o Whyis thechemist'sclosed?Dece esteinchisa farmacia?oBecauseMrs. Tabletis ill.DeoareceDoamnaTablet estebolnava.oExcuseme,whereis thebaker's?Fiti amabil, undee brutaria?oOh!Is ita crab?Oh! E un crab?o Yes,iUs...Da...Howmuchdo thesecakescost?Cat costaacesteprajituri?Howmanyrollsdoyouwant?Cate chifle doriti?oDoyouwantan icecream?Vreio inghetata?oNo,butI'd likesomesweets.Nu,dar a~dori ni~tebomboane.o Whichflavourdoyouwant?Cearomapreferi?o Whatareyou lookingfor, Susy?Ce cauti Susy?Whereis it?Ah! Unde este?Ah!oSarah,canyouexplainthisletter?Sarah,poti explica aceastascrisoare?Is it ajoke?Eo gluma?oGreat!It'sa realtreasurehunt.Eo adevaratagoanadupacomoara.

a purtaa costaa explicatarziu~aseinchis/adeoarecebolnav/aadevarat

scnsoareglumagoanadupa

comoaraa ie~ia inotaa gusta

(Uitati-vala desenelede la pag.12).WhichroommustSarah,JohnandSusyvisit?

Cat costaaceastaprajitura?A~dori 0 inghetata.Ce aromeaveti?Imi Dutetida s~seDortocale,varo

togo*outtoswim*tohave*a

tastetocarrytocost*toexplainlatesixclosedbecauseillreal

letterioketreasurehunt

Sarah,canyouexplainthisletter?

ananasco~portocalamandarinacaNunacutiecafeauntfarmaciebrutariecrabmagicianprajiturachiflamagazmpainearoma

Sarah~tiecine a scris scrisoarea.Eacredeca ~tiecaree primul indiciu ~iundese afla el. Gandindu-sebine,John ~iSusy il descopera~iei. Darvoi? Raspundetila acesteintrebari~iyeti vedea:Whois FerdinandFruitcake?Whataretwoships?

pineapplebasketorangemandarinstrawberry2box3coffeebutterchemists4bakerscrabmagiciancakerollsupermarketbreadflavour

2 Pluralul:strawberries.3 Pluralulboxes.4 Cande vorbadespredenumireamagazinelor(brutarie),in locul expresiilorbakers shopetc.(magazinulbrutarului etc.)vompunedoarbakerS,butcherS.5 Do you have?Semaipoatespunehave

I') r: .. f " f,.( 7. I;, 1.,.on nn ...,..,,-,:nnntn n"'l1"r"l 'nnn In" (n !fI (1 (it onf?'

Incercati sa traducetiacestepro-pozitii in engleza:Unde estemagazinul?Aveti paine?

Cuvinte noi

Care este mesajul scrisorii invechite?Odihnindu-se in fatavechii biserici, Sus)' i~iaminte~tede scrisoa-rea pe carebarbatula scapat-o...----------

Whatareyoulookingfor, Susy?

~ PropozitiilenegativePentru a construi0 propozitienegativayom utilizanot(nu). Daca avemtobe,mustsaucan,notse vapunedupa tobesauauxiliarul modal.Exemplu: Heis nottired(EI nu eobosit).La celelalteyerbe,yomaveado(doesla persoanaa treia) urmatdeun not.Exemplu:Shedoesnotlikedogs(Ei nuii plaedinii).

In englezavorbita,notare~i0 fonna contrasa.Exemplelede mai sus devinastfel:He isn'ttired;Shedoesn'tlikedogs.(Vezi ~iformelecontrasedin josulpaginii).

Nothing!?i Nobody

Nothing(nimie)~inobody(nimeni)au functia desubiect(Nobodyis singing- nimeninu canta)~icomplementdirect (I wantnothing- nu doresenimie).Totu~i,ca ~icomplement,e mai corectsautilizati not... anything(nu... nimie)~inot... anyone(nu...nimeni).Exemplu: 1donotwantanything(nudoresenimie).

Formecontrasecu not

Imperativulnegativ

Can +notse scrie cannot,forma sacontrasafi ind cant

Be quiet,Softie,youmustn'tbark

so loud.

eontrageredonrdoesnrisnrarenrmustnrhavenrhasnr

lata contragerilecu notcaretrebuie~tiute:

formaeompletadonotdoesnotis notarenotmustnothavenothasnot

In engleza,pentrua spunenieiun ~iniei 0 yeti utiliza urmatoareJecuyin-te: nota ~inotany.Exemplu: I donothavea dog(nu am un caine).Idonothaveanydog(nu amnid uncaine).Nota ~inotanyse Intrebu-inteazadoar In propozitiile negative.

Pentrua interzicecuiva un lucru, seIntrebuinteazadonot+verb.Exemplu~Do notclosethedoor.(Nu inchide/ti u~a).Forma contrasafiind: Don't closethedoor.

18 1 In cazulto havegot (a avea)notsepunedupahave(sauhas la persoanaa treia)nu am nici un diine semaipoatedecispune:J havenotgot a dog.Contragerilesunthaven~$i hasn't.

Acum, Sarah~tieunde sa mearga.Oar voi?

Primul indiciu

The door isn'tlocked.U~anu esteinchisacu cheia.Sut thebikesaren'tthere.Oarbicicletelenusuntacolo.

Be quiet,Softie,you mustn'tbarksoloud.Taci Softie,nu latraa~adetare.Whatareyou looking/or? Cecauti?Thereisn'tanybodyhere.Nu enimeniaici.There'sa burglar in thehouse.Incasae un infractor.Whatships?I can'tjind anyships...Ce feI debarcii?Nu gasescnici abarca.Good evening,darling.Hi, Dave'Bunasearadragulmeu.Salut,Dave!Hello, darling... Oh,damn'Bunasearadragamea... La naiba!Therearen'tanyaspirins.Nu avemnici a aspirina.Yes,I know.That~becausethechemist'sis closed... ~tiu.deoareceeinchis Ia faJmacie.I don'thaveanything.I havenoaspirins,noplasters... Nu amnimic.Nici aspirine~inici plasture.Hi, everyone!Salut,la toatalumea!Oh,pleasedon'tlook thisway' Oh,va ragnu va uitatiintr-aici.Here arethetwoships.lataceledouabarci.Oh, there'sa manoutside.Oh, afarae unbarbat.Sarah,who'sthatman?Sarah,cineestedomnulacela?I don'tknow.Nu ~tiu.It isn'tDave, thelodge!:..Nu eDave,chiria~ul...Oh I know,it mustbethebuilde,:Oh ~tiu,trebuiesa fie zidarul.But thebuilderdoesn'tweara suit.Oar zidarulnu pomiacostum.Whereareyou? We'reeating!Unde sunteti?La masa(mfmcam)!O.K. We'recoming.O.K. venim.Look! Theyaren'texactlythesame.Priviti! Nu suntchiarasemanatoare.

a pUrta(haine)a manca

inchis/aacoloa~adar,decitarebunasearabuna,salutla naiba!toatalumeapeaici/intr-aiciafaraexactacela~i/aceea~i/asemanator/oare

to wear*to eat*

lockedtheresoloudgoodeveninghidamneveryonethiswayoutsideexactlythesame

a latraa ~ti,a cunoa~te

u~ainrractorapacheiedrag/aaspirinaplasturecaJie.dejoczarunlumanarecartepalarie

Oh I know,itmustbethe

builda

But thebuilderdoesnY weara

suit.

to barkto know*

TherearenY anycards.

Cuvinte noi

doorburglarwaterkeydarlingaspirinplaster(playing)carddice(pI)candlebooktophat

2 Can seutilzeazadeseoriin engleza(vezipag.20) 19

~ Catevaverbe de exceptielata verbelecarear trebui invatate:Dupacumamvazutla pagina

10,in englezaavemdouaaspectealetimpuluiprezent:simplu~icontinuu.

Totu~i,existauneleverbecarenuseutilizeazaniciodatalaprezentulcontinuu,ci doarlaprezentulsimplu.

tobelieve(in)tobelong(to)toguesstohatetohear*toknow*to liketo love

toneedtoprefer

a crede(In)a apartinea presupunea uria aUZl

a ~tia place cuiva cevaa iubi

a aveaneVOle

a prefera

to realize

torecognizetoremembertosee*toseemtosmell*tosupposetounderstand*towant

a realiza,a-~idaseama/dea recunoa~tea-~iamintia vedeaa pareaa mirosi1a presupunea intelegea dori, a pofti

Someinseamna ni~te,intr-opropozitie afirmativa. Intr-opropozitie interogativa, seutiJizeaza any (vezi pagina 16).Precedat de not (negatie), anyse traduce prin a nu ... (vezipagina 18).

Totu~i, in engleza, some:;;ianypot fi omise, folosindu-se doarsubstantivul: I want butter(vreau unt); Do you wantbutter? (dore~tiunt?); 1don~want butter(nu doresc unt):

Tohavemai are~ialte sensuripeliingii a avea.Printre altele,Inseam-na a lua,a serviceva Intr-o cafeneasau un restaurant.Exemplu: I'mhavinga steak(servesc0 friptura).

Can (continuare)

Can (vezi pag. 16)estedes folosit.Verbelede simt se utilzeazaderegulacu can~ianume:tofeel (asimti),tosee(avedea),tosmell(amirosi)l,tohear( a auzi),totaste(a gusta),cat~ito understand(aintelege)~itoremember(a-~iaminti).

tofin ishto tasteto bring*toget*out

delicioussimplyrightenoughthatis enoughrightaway

pu~ti,copilcuvinteincruci~ateuntfripturabranzacartofiprajitilegumafotografiesupaeeai

gaina .acopen~cheie

aterminaa gllstaa aducea ie~iafara

deliciospur~isimplllcoreet,exactdeajllnsestedeajunsimediat

I'ho 1A simtipoatefi tradllsprinurmatoareleverbe:tosmell(amirosi,asimtiunmiros)~itofeel (eusensuI deaatingeceva,deatrai unsentimentsausenzatie).

I don~eatvegetables.

Whatarethosekidsdoing?I simply

can~understand.

Cheia replicilor

.J loveyou.Te iubesc.Mmm... It smellsdelicious.Miroasedelicios.Thekidsarefinishingyour icecream.Pu~tiii~iterminainghe~ata.Be quiet.I'm doingthecrossword.Taci.Fac cuvinteincruci~ate.Whendoyou wantto leave?Cindvreisaplecam?Sheshavingcheese.Ea serve~tebranza.

...Andwhyaretheytaking

photographs?

Areyou havingchipstoo?Mananci~itu cartofipraji~i? ,Ohyes!J lovechips.Oh da!Imiplaccartofiiprajiti!J don'teatvegetables.Nu mananclegume.Whatarethosekidsdoing?I simplycan'tunderstand.Ce faccopiiiaeeia?Pur ~isimplunuinteleg....And whyaretheytakingphoto-graphs?~idece faepoze?

Watchout!Hesbringingsomesoup.Ai grija!Adueesupa.Right,thatsenough!Getoutrightaway!Gata,ajunge!Ie~i~iafaraimediat!Hey,we'regoing!Hei! Plecam!Hey,look!I've gotthenextclue.Ia te uita!Am gasitincaunindiciu!

Cuvinte incruciate

Pentrua rezolvarebusul,ve~igasiscrisin romane~teintreparanteze,cuvinteledecareavetinevoie.Traducerealor corect~vapermitesacompleta~igrila.

Orizontal1.I don'twantany(ceai).3. Theaspirinsare (acolo).5.I'd like(ni~te)cheese.6. (Aceste)tablesarein theshade.7.A (gaina)is crossingtheroad.9. Doesshewant(0) inghetata?

Her sweatshirtis (pe)thetable.

I10.(Ai tai) friendsarevisitingthecastle.2

3Vertical 41.Please(arunea)theropenow! 52. (EI) s lookingfor hiscamera. 63. Therearesome(barbati)on the 7ro~ 84. Haveyougot (ni~te)sweets? 95. (A cui) is thatmap? 107. He can't(a-~iaminti).8.Ohno,J havenYgot(aIiicolhot.)keys! Pentruarezolvarebusul,9. I lovethis(magazin). inlocuitiste]utelegasite~i10.Excuseme.doesthisroadlead to punetigriIape0 foaiedethe(aeroport)? hartie.

21

1 Into inseamnain, sugerandschimbareaunui lac, lucru.Exemplu:He~'going intothehouse(EI intra in casa).2 Dacanu seprezintavreoschimbaredelac, pesetraduceprinon. On sauontosepotutilizacindarelac 0 schimbare,0modificarea uneiactiunisaustari.

oh, 1know!Come on, we'regoing to Tony:s.

Oh, no! The bald man!There, infront of the

fountain.~

Verbe cu particula

In engleza,multeverbeuzualesuntformatedindouaparti:unverbdebaza(el insu~ifoarteuzual,spreexemplu:to come- aveni, sautogo- amerge)urmatde0 pmiicula.Aceastaparticulaedeseori0 prepozitie.Exemple:to comeout (a ie~i);to go up (a urea,a seridica); to lookfor(a cauta).Doarverbulseconjuga,pmiiculacare11urmeazafiind invariabila.Exemple:He goes up thehill (el ureadealul);Can he comeout? (PoateI '?)e le~I..Dacase~tieatatverbuldebaza,cat~iparticula,deseorisepoateintelegesensulintregului,astfelto go up esteformatdin to go (a merge)~iup(sus).Totu~i,candinvatatiengleza,e indicatsaaprofundatiacesteverbetaraaseparaceledouaparti.Treptat,treptatvayetiobi~nui~iyetiajungesaintelegeti~isa~titisensulparticulelor.

dupaimpotrivapanalalainaintedupaintrede,langaaproapede,langadepartedepentrude lainin fata/ain

langade(apartenenta)pevizavidin...chiarlangaprin,de-alungullacatresub

panalacu

~Prepozitiile~iparticulele

afteragainstasfar asatbeforebehindbetweenbyclosetofarfromforfromininfront ofintoInexttoofon,ont02oppositeoutof(right)nearthroughtotowardsunderuntilwith

To i at

Atatto, cat~iat inseamnala. Toindicami~care(directionarecatreceva),iaratestestatic.Exemple:1'mgoing to themarket(Ma duelapiata);I'm at themarket(Suntlapiata).

Candplecatila cinevain vizita,yetiutilizato ~iat alaturideformapose-sivain's (Exemplu:John s - vezipag.12).To indicadirectia,iaratloculundevaaflati.Exemplu:I'mgoing to John S (maduela Johnaeasa);I'm atJohn S (suntla John).

---~,"' ...;

lataprepozitiilecaretrebuie~tiutein engleza:

Yes,I've got a magnifYingglass. It:S on the table, in

the attic.

Cuvinte noi

window

fereastrabuildingeladireexit

ie~ireanswerraspunswoman3

femeiequestionintrebare

gardengradinacowvaea

hilldeal

fountainfiinta.natogo* ina intra

school~eoaJatogo* upa urea

quay

ehei to come* outa ie~inet

piasa(depe~te)to come*downa eoborinote

mesaj,notatoput*a punebench4

baneato livea trai

magnifYinglupa baldehel

glass5

quickrepedehome

easa(domieiliu)OKOKfi'iend

prietencomeonhai!

atticpod

Cheia replicilor

Look throughthewindow!Uita-tepefereastra.Near theexit... nexttothewomanin red Langaie~ire... langafemeiain ro~u.It's themanfrom theairport!Ebarbatulde la aeroport!It's themanwiththeletter!Ebarbatuleuserisoarea!It's themanfrom thegarden!Ebarbatuldin gradina!It's thesameman!E aeela~ibarbat.Quickly!He mustwantourtreasure.Repede!Sigurvreaeomoaranoastra.Oh, no! The bald man! There, infront of thefountain. Oh nu!Barbatulehel!Aeolo, in fatafantanii.He'scomingdownontothequay.Coboarainspreehei.Quick,comebehindthisnet!Repede!Veniti in spateleaeesteiplase.It's OK! Gata,eOK!Right,put thenoteandthephotoson thisbench.Bun, aeu'punemesajul~ipozelepeaeeastabanea.Haveyougota magnifYingglass?Ai 0 lupa?Yes,butat home.Da, aeasa.Oh, I know!Comeon,we'regoingto Tony's.Oh, ~tiueefaeem!Haideti,mergemaeasala Tony.Tony'safriendHe livesoppositethestation.Tonye unamie.Loeuie~tevizavidegara.Yes,I've gota magnifYingglass.It's onthetable,in theattic.Da,amo lupa.E pemasa,in pod.

Acum Incercatisagasiti(afla!i)Incarecladiretrebuieei samearga~iterminatifraza luiSarah (celepat-ru raspunsurinusereferadecatla 0singuracladiredin FishpOlt.)

Cand prieterwT1iJfSarahgase~teInsfar~itqJup:1,Susy, John ~iSaraheitescbiletul (cuvantul) pe careJohn I-a gasit la han.Ei trebuiesaraspundala patruIntrebari.Dinfericire, fotografiafacutade Sarah

de pe bancavppsita,contineras-punsurile.Puteti,saIe gasiti petoatepatru (In engleza)?

3 Pluralul:women.4 Pluralul:benches.5 Pluralul:magnifyingglasses.

Cine, ce i pronumele reflexive

In engleza,nu avemverbereflexive. Tohideinseamnaatata ascunde,cat ~ia se ascunde. Totu~i,se poatepreciza ca actiunease revarsaasuprasubiectului verbului utilizand pronumelereflexive (vezi titIul):pentrua se rani yeti utiliza tohurt(a rani [peD +pronumelereflexiv:Don'thurtyourself(nuterani).Pronumele reflexive

What's the time?

La intrebarile Whats thetime?sau Whattimeis it (cat e ceasul?) rt\raspundetipunand:It is... (Este) urmatde: \:)one/two/threelfour(0 'clock) oraunu/doua/trei/patrul six(0 'clock)in themorning ora~asedimineata... intheafternoon dupa- amiaza... intheevening seara...midday/midnight amiaza/miezulnoptiia quarterpasttwo doua~iun sferthalfpasttwo doua~ijumatatea quartertotwo douaTaraunsferttwenty(minutes)pasttwo doua~idouazeci(deminute)tentotwo douaTarazece

La intrebareawhattime... ? (La ce ora...?) sepuneat (la) in fata orei:At one0 'clocksauAt one(La ora unu).

To get

Verbul togetaremai multeintelesuri.Alilturi de un complementinseamnaa primi, a obtine, a lua. AIteori,semnaleaza0 schimbare~ideseori0actiuneal carei efectse revarsaasuprasubiectului.Exemplu: togetdressed(a se imbdica), togetup(ase ridica).

In englezavorbitawho~iwhichsunt adeseainlocuite cu that,daracestanu se folose~tepentruper-soane.In plus, pronumelerelativedeseoriomis. Exemplu: ThebookI'm reading(Cartea pe care 0citesc).

Cine ~i ce

In romana,pronumelerelativ cinetine locul unei persoane,iar ce tinelocul unui obiect.Astfel, in engle-za, whotine locul unei persoane,iar whichtine locul unui obiect.Whomesteun alt pronumerelativcarepoateindeplini funqia decomplementdirect,dar rareori seface 0 distinqie intre who(subiect)~iwhow(complement). De regula,se utilizeazadoar who.

eu insumilinsamitu insutilinsatiel insu~i/eainsa~iinsu~ilinsa~i

noi in~inelinsenevoi in~iva/insevaei in~i~ileleinse~i

myselfyourselfhim/herselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves

24 1Vezi tabelulell numerale,pagina58.

Themanwhoscuttingtheribbonis FrederickFruitcake.

25

a 'imprumutaa dormia spiHaa setrezia secu\casmgurbine'intelesbine 'searaaceastabinemamatatadeasemeneasimpatic/afOaI1e,cuadevaratdeobicei

a revel1la sedistra

tocome*backtohave*(lots

oj)funto borrowtosleep*towashto wake* uptogo* to bedonyour ownof coursewellthiseveninggoodMumDadalsonicereallyusually

What time does Susy wake up?What time does John wake up?What time do they go to bed?

And there~'thesignwhichis onall his

clues.

creioncoloratdesenperetecordonsemnideestudentvederea seimbracaa setrezia seplictisia simtia secalmaa citia lipsia rupeataia

crayondrawingwallribbonsignideastudentpostcardtoget* dressedtoget* uptoget*boredtofeel*tocalmdmvntoread*to be* missingto tear*upto cut*

Dear Mum and Dad,

We're having lots of fun here. The Fruitcake house is

great, and sarah's parents are nice. They'Ve also got areallY nice lodger, Dave, who's a student. They have acat, a dog, and some neighboUrS, who've got a goat.There are some bicycleS that we can borrow. We sleep inour tents which are in the garden, right near the house,but we eat, wash and get dressed in the house. I wake

up atsix in the morning, because the sun's shinningand the birds are singing, but John wakes up ateight!Weusually go to bed at half past nine or ten o'clock. DOyou like this postcard? It's of Fishport.XXXsusy

ovedere de la SusyA~teptandterminareaorelor pentrua examinaveeheafotografieeuamieii sai, Susy serie 0 vedere.Cititi-o ~iineereatisa raspundetilaintrebari (Alcatuiti propozitii in engleza).

Cuvinte noi

Who hasa goat?Where do Susy and John sleep?Where do they eatand getdressed?

Oh! Thatmustbethecluethatwe're

10okingf01:

Cheiareplicilor

WhyareYOil hiding?De cevaascundeti?Becausewegetboredatschool.Fiindcaneplictisimla ~coaUi. What'sthetime?Cate ceasul? It'seight,Miss. E oraopt,Domni~oara.And now? :;;iacum? It~a quarterpastnine.Estenoua~iunsfel1.Simon,whattimedoyougetup?Simon,Ja ceoratetreze~ti?At halfpastseven.La ~apte~ijumatate.Doyougetdressedonyour own?Te imbracisingur?Of course.Bineinteles.I don'tfeel well.Nu masimtbine.Right,calmdown!In regula,potoliti-va!Look,that~'thecrayonthat'smissing.Prive~te,e creionulcarelipse~te.Hey,that'sniydrmvingthatyou'retearingup.I-Iei,'imirupi desenu\.Oh! Thatmm:tbethecluethatwe're100kingfOl:Oh!Acestatrebuiesa fie indiciulpecare-Icautam.Lookattheoldphotoonthewall.Prive~tefotografiavechedepeperete.Themanwho'scuttingtheribbonisFrederickFruitcake.Cel caretaiecordonule FrederickFruitcake.And there'sthesignwhichis onallhis clues.:;;i iatasemnul,careseafla2asupratuturorindiciilor. Wecancomebackthisevening.Putemreveniin searaaceasta.Good idea!Bunaidee!

2 Tobesepoatetraduceprin "a segasi".

I'm lookingforthephoto because

it S not on the

wall any more.

baza a verbulLii.Exemplu: Theyare going to school tofind a clue.(Ei seduela ~coala,pentruagiisiun indiciu.)Alte doua locu-tiuni, careau acela~iintelesca to,sunt: in order to ~iso as to.

prezentulcontinuu. Exemple:Ialready know that (Asta~tiudeja).I know thatman (II cu-nosepeacelbarbat).

Observatie:pentrua ~tisa(a ficapabildeceva),se utilizeazacan. Exemplu:I can swim (~tiusaInot).

Right, we'retaking this to thepo/ice station.

To do ~ito make(a face)

Can J close up, Mr.Dixon?

To do serve~tedreptauxiliar inintrebari ~ifraze negative(vezipag. 16~i18),daracestamaiinseamna~ia faceCLiintelesuldea face0 activitate.Pentrua faceCLiintelesulde a fabrica seutilizeaza to make.

For/To

In engleza,pentrusetraduceCLIfor Totu~i,candvorbim despreuntel sau 0 intentiepentru,urmatdeun verb la infinitiv, se traducecuto. Acest to esteurmatde formade

To know inseamnaa !jti,acunoa~te.Acesta seutilizeaza laprezentLiIsimplu ~ifoarte rar la

Because thatshis briefcase.

Prezentul continuu (continuare)

Whatdo we do

to get in?

Because~iBecauseOf

Ca ~iin romana,in englezaseface 0 distinqie intre fiindd,caresetraducecu because,~idin cauza,caresetraduceCLIbecauseof

Aceste doua pagini va prezintautilizareaprezentuluicontinuuinengleza.Luati amintecain romana,pentrua sublinia desIa~urareauneiactiu!)i,Lltilizam"a fi pepunctulde". In englezase utilizeazapre-zentul continUll. "I'm eating" sepoatetraduce"Eu mananc",sau"Sunt pepunctuldea manca".

Yes.J 'mjustwrapping a broken

parr.

26 IPrezentlll simplll al verbllIlIi todo: l/yolI/lI'e/theydo, he/she/itdoes.

lata~aptefraze,careaufostImparriteIn douacolo~ne.Primele~apteparriseatlaIn stanga,iarultimelepaniIn dreapta.IncercarisaalciHuirifrazecompJete,utilizandbecause,becauseo/sau to.

The teachermustclose up do theshopping.Thepoliceman borrows a bike we're eating.lmust phone theserviceengineeJ: theneighbour:~goat.Theymustalways shut thegate theycan seean old photo ofTheyfind the clue... Ferdinand Fruitcake.Shesgoing to Bridgetown themachineis broken.Wecan't comenow it is late.

..follow theburglm:

Fraze amestecate

Cheia replicilor

Whoareyou? Whatareyoudoinghere?Cine sunteti? Cecautati aici?.,~..'I'ma serviceengineer3.I'm mendingthephotocopie'~pai... Sunt un reparator.Reparfotocopiatorul. Yes... I'mjust wrapping;abrokenpart. Da... Tocmaiasamblez 0 bucata rupta.So, is it OK now?Deci,acum e in regula?/;yes... Pai, da...Can 1closeup, /\111: Dixon?Pot sa inchid, d01l1nuleDixon?Yes,of course.Da,bineinteles.Whatdowe do togetin? Cefacem pentru a intra?Comethisway!Veniti peaici! Whatareyou doing,Susy?Ce faci Susy?Don'tbedaft.Nu fi tampit!I'm lookingfor thephotobecauseitsnotonthewall.Caut fotografia, fiindca nu maie pe perete.Toolate' Thebaldmansgottheclue!Prea tiirziu! Barbatulche! a descoperit indiciul!How doyou know?De unde~tii?Becausethatshis briefcase.Pentru ca aceeae servieta sa.

Right,we'retakingthistothepolicestation.Bine, 0ducem la politie.Its closed'E inchis!Right,wemustcomebacktomorrowmorning.B ine,trebuie sa revenim mainedimineata.

: Do YOl~knowthepoliceman?II cuno~tipe politist?}~s... He:~quitenice... Da...E un om destul de simpatico

a asamblaa inchidea intraa telefonatocmairupt/atampit, prostnU...mai multmainedestul de, foarte

towrapto closeuptogetintophoneiustbrokendaftnot..anymoretomorrowquite

mecaniculfotocopiellli(xerox)bucataperetepolitiadimineata

politistulma~inaprofesora repara

Cuvinte noi

serviceengineerphotocopierpartwallpolicestationmorningpoliceman2machineteacherto mend

: P".:n!::J:oo.'f'i''fIe,..3 Pentrua spunececacefacem.utilizamtobe (a fi). urmatdearticolulnehoUiriita (sau--=-~:e~_ =~fi ;0.'rap a a5ambla). al carol'infinitivsetcrminalntr-oconsoana.prccedat5,de0

- - J&~ ..nminlill27

1 Pronumele personale

[(eu)you(tu, voi)he(el)she(ea)it (el, ea)we (noi)they(ei, ele)

Se ~tiudejapronumelepersonalecare indeplinescfunqia desubiect:[(eu), you(tu, voi), he(el) etc. (vezi pag 8). In engleza,existapronumecareindeplinesc~ifunctia de complement.A~acum indica tabelul din dreapta,vom aveaacelea~ipronumecu

Locul pronumelorpersonale

in engleza,complementulexpri-matprin pronumepersonalsepunejupa verb. Exemplu:[ likeyou(Imi placi);Doeshelikeyou?(EI teplace?);[ don'tlikeher(Ea nu-mi place);Giveherthebook(Da-i cartea!)

Utilizareaa douacomplementediferite

Cand vrem sa utilizam doua com-

plementeexprimateprin pronumepentrua spuneDa-i-o!,trebuie

p-sco/??p/.?h'.?.?h'////gL?C/ L7L/pdverb, urmatde prepozitiato+complementulindirect: Giveit toher.

"Eu","tu"i "eile/e"

Pronumeleeu/mie,tu/tie~iei/elesetraducin englezaprin pronu-melepersonalcu functiede com-

Dupa cina...

28

functie de complementdirect~iindirect.Ca ~iin romana,unelepronumepot fi atiltsubiect,cat~icomplement.Tabelul va prezintaprin caractereingro~ate,pronume-Ie careau funqie de complement,diferentiindu-sede cele careinde-plinesc funqia de subiect.

plement.Exemplu: Givemethebook.(Da-micartea);Is ityou?(Tue~ti?);It s them!(Ei sunt!)

Probabil

Tnengleza,probabilse traduceprin maybesauperhaps.Se mai

Pronumelepersonalesubiect complement

directsauindirect

me (pe mine/mie)you(pe tine/voi)him (pe el/lui)her (pe ea/ei)it (pe el/peea)us (pe noi/noua)them(pe ei/ele/lor)

,~~w

poateutiliza ~iauxiliarul modalmight.Exemplu: He mighthavemyticket.(Probabil caare biletu!meu).Ca ~ialteauxiliare modale,mightesteinvariabil ~iesteurmatde radacinaverbala.

Ghieitoarea eartii po~tale

lata bucatiJedin ilustratape careSusy, Sarah~iJohn trebuies-oreeonstituie.Puneti-le In ordineacoreeta,reeopiati~arteapo~tala~itradueeti-oIn romana.

rz/J. g.,anl!BdJqd"',"'.

/i b-:

/1.

Verbelela trecut~iadverbeleCa ~ila prezent,In engleza,verbeleau purineforme la trecut.

Trecutul

Trecutul, descrieactiuni deja Inche-iate~iconcluzionate.Acesta cores--pundeperfectuluisimplu (exemplu:eu fusei, el se arunca asupra...) ~iperfectuluicompusdin romana,cand relateazaevenimentetrecute

(exemplu:am mers toata noap-tea)'. La pagina34 yeti observaca imperfectuldin englezaco-respundeimperfectuluidinromana.

La majoritateaverbelor,trecutule u~orde format: la toateformeleadaugatiedradacinii verbale2Astfel, towalk(a merge) seconjuga:J/you/he/she/it/we/theywalked.

Trecutullui to have~ito be

Trecutul verbelor tohave(a avea) ~itobe(a fi) esteneregulat,trebuindInvatat.Tohaveare 0 singuraforma:J/yo;t/he/she/it/we/theyha~d.Tobearedoua forme: J/he/she/itwas~iyou/we/theywere.

Imperfectulintr-o propozitienegativa

Folosirea unui verb la imperfectIntr-o propozirie negativaestease-manatoareCll ceade la prezent(Vezi pag. 18).Totu~i,do~idoessuntInlocuite cu did.Exemple: He wasnottired(EI nu era obosit); Shedidnotlikedogs(Ei nu Ii placeau cainii).In englezavorbita,notestedeseoriInlocuit cu forma sa contrasan~,formacarese punela sfiir~itulverbului sauauxiliarului did:He wasn~tired.Shedidn.~likedogs.

Adverbeutile

todayyesterdayyesterdayeveninglastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaytomorrowthedayaftertomorrowalreadystilloftensometimes

aZItenasearaieri seara

alaltaierimaine

poimainedejaIncadeseoricateodata

Becausewe'relookingfor atreasure...

usually.normally de obiceithen,so deci, atunciwell binehere aicithere acoloover/aroundhere pe aici/acoloevelywhere pestetotsomewhere undevanowhere nicaieriluckily,fortunatelydin fericirereally cu adevaratvelY fomiemaybe poate,probabilalmost aproape

It smyfamilys.

301Re(ine(ica in romanarareoriutilizamperfectulsimpluin limbajuloral.2 Intinitivul fariito.Re(ine(icamulteadverbcIn englezaseterminaIn Iy. Totu~i.aten(ie:multeadjectiveseterminatotIn Iy. Exemple:friendly(simpatic.amical)~i

-So,wherewasthisbriefcase?Deci,undeeraaceastaservieta?-]t was in thestaff1'00m.Era incancelariaprofesorilor.-Andwhywereyou there?$i voideceeratiacolo?-Becausewe'relookingfor atreasure Deoarecediutam0comoara.-andtherewasa clueintheschoo/.~ila ~coalasegaseaunindiciu.-Whattreasure?Ce comoara?oft'smyfamity's.Apartinefami-liei mele.-Ah, ] see,andthiscrookwantstostealit... Oh, inteleg,iaracesttalharvreas-o fure.-Exactly!Theclueis an oldphoto.Exact!Indiciule 0 vechefotografie.-Thephoto,vasn'tthereanymorelastnight... Jeri searafoto-grafianu maieraacolo...-butthecrook'sbriefcasewasthere.darservietatalharuluieraacolo.-It's mostprobablytheteacher'sbriefcase.E foarteprobabilcaiiapartineprofesorului.-But no,thecrookhadit before.Sa nu,talharul0 avea~i-nainte.-That'senough!Youreallymustgo homenow.Ajunge!Acumchiarcatrebuiesamergetiacasa.-Quicklytakethisbriefcasebackto theschoo/.Ducetirepedegeantaaceastainapoila ~coala.-Toobad! Wemustcarryonwithoutthepolice.Cu atatmairau!TrebuiesacontinuamTarapolitie.-Luckilywe'vegotthebaldman:Saddress.Din fericireavemadresabarbatuluiche!.-Oh look,I've still gotthedimythatwasin theredbriefcase!Japriviti!maiamincaagendadinservietaro~ie.-]t was in mypocket.Era inbuzunarulmeu.

Cheia replicilor

afuraa duceinapoi

celmai..., foarteinaintecuatatmairiiutarasimpatic/adraaut/a1:>.costisitor/oare

Too bad! Wemust

canyon vvithoutthepolice.

mostbeforetoobadwithoutniceprettyexpensive

tosteat*10 take*back

4 I had a really pretty room.S MyparentswereVel))tired.6 The restaurantswerent vel)'expensive.

Quickly take thisbriefcase back to

theschool.

cancelarie(deprofesor)comoarafami1ieescroc,talharprofesor/oarabuzunarhotelplajarestaurant

Ghicitoare ilustrata

Fatacarepoarta0 cama~aroz Ii arataprieteneisale fotografiile de vacanta.Putetiatribui fie-carei imagini comentariulcorespunzi3.tor?

staffroom

Cuvinte noi

treasure(amily4crookteacherpockethotelbeach5restaurant

lOur hotel was small and reallynice.

2 Therewas a big garden.3 Thehotelwas velY closeto thebeach.

lovely(admirabi/).Retineticii uneleadverbe~iadjectiveauacelea~iforme.Exemplu:(ast(rapid/a - rapid, iute).4 Pluralul:(amilies.5 Pluralul:beaches.

Imperfectul (continuare)

La majoritateaverbelor,imperfectulseformeazadin radacinaverbala+ed.Totu~i,anumiteverbe au un imper-fect neregulat,caretrebuieinvatat.Acest imperfectesteacela~ila toatepersoanele(eu, tu, eI, etc.).De exemplu,imperfectulverbuluitomakeestemade:I made,youmade.hemadeetc.Multe verbe uzualesunt neregulate(vezi lista de maijos - la "Cuvinte

noi" un asterix Ie marcheaza).

Imperfectul intr-o intrebare

Daca utilizam un verb la imperfectIntr-o Intrebare,procedamIntocmaica la prezent(vezi pag. 16),dardo~j doessuntInlocllite cu did.Exemple: Wereyoutired?(Erai obo-sit?);Didyoulikethefilm? (Ti-apIacut fiImuI?)

"Nite"

Ni~tese traduceprin somesauany;someIn propozitii afirmative,~ianyin propozitii negative~iinterogative.Exemplu: I wantsome...(Dorescni~te...); I don'thaveany... (Nuam ni~te...); Doyouhaveany...?(Ai/aveti ni~te...?)

Imperfectul verbelor neregulate

lata ciitevaverbeneregulate,caretrebllie ~tillte:Ei-

infinitivtobecantocatchtocometodotofalltofindtogettogivetogotohavetohide

imperfectwas,were1couldcaughtcamedidfellfoundgotgavewenthadhid

afi

a puteaa prindea ven!a facea cadea

a gasia primi2a da

a mergea aveaa ascunde

toknowto leaveto losetopaytoputtoseetosendtosittostealto taketo telltounderstandtowakeup

knewleftlostpaidput3sawsentsatstoletooktoldunderstoodwokeup

a ~ti,a cunoa~tea pleca,a parasia pierdea platia punea vedeaa trimitea ~edeaa furaaluaa spunea intelegea setrezi

'132

/' .. ,~. ~ ~,.. ~""'W'~~1tO~~;jl~'" .,, . "'.~ ,~,,':,.. , ".31;,

'Rarebirds on .FeatherareIslandsA hundredyearsago,thereweremanyblueparrotsontheFeatherareIslands.The inhabitantsnearlyhuntedthemintoextinction.ThesebirdsarenoWvelY rare.Collectorsarenotallowedto catchany.Last

year,therewerestill someontheremotedesertislandof Koukou.

Mr Crook

Find me a pair of blue parrots for mycollection.

Your fee: 8000.Mrs Owly

,.1 Tobeestemaideosebit.deoarecearedouaformela imperfect.2 Pentrua afladiferiteleintelesurialeverbuluitoget,vezipag.24.3 Retine!icaanumiteverbeneregulateau imperfectulidenticcu radacinaverbali'i.

And the bald mantravelled to thesesame islands tostealparrots.

..

lll(tt.~.'J;!~~w;;.'"~'l.~~_- .~ .-==~~~

Hey, the FeatherareIslands... Aiy great-grandfather wentthere10 studv the

plaJ1ls.~

Disparitia lui Ferdinand Fruitcake.. - ...

Ajllnsaacasa,SarahIearataprieteriUol;,'sai0 vechescrisoareadresatablinicllilliei, Frederick.Pef1tr"uaaflacecontineaceastascrisoar~,_cititi;::o~itraduceti-oin r'ornane~te. '

~~,~ .. Parrotbury,S.' ,;".....,' FeatherareMain Islandl/; _.Sadly,yourfatheris mostprobablydead.He cametoourislandsin thespringto look for plants.Wehada meetingtoplanhis expeditiontotheremoteanddangerousLittleIslands.He leftParrotburyin a goodboatwithtwobotanistfriends.Therewasa terriblestorm.Theydidnotcomeback.I senta searchpartywhichfoundnothing.

QuentinFillingGovernorof theislands

,i

I

Cheia replicilor

-Didyou dropthat,John? Tu aiscapatlucrulacela, John?-Yes,itfell oul of thediary.Da, acazut.dinjurnal.-II looksinteresting... Pareintere-sant...

Tiiietura din ziar:PasarirareI'ninsuleleFeatherare.Acu'o sutadeani,multipapagalialba$tritraiauin insuleleFeatherare.Locuitorii i-auvanatpanaaproapela disparitialor.Acum,acestepasarisuntfomierare.Coleqionariin-audreptulsaprindanici una.Anul trecut,maiexistauditevape0 insulaparasitaKoukou.

Mesajul:DomnuJeCrook,Gasiti-mi0 pere-chedepapagalialba$tri,pentrucoJeqia mea.Onorariuldumnea-voastra: 8000.

-Hey,theFeatherareIslands... Mygreat-grandfatherwenttheretostudytheplants.Hei, insuleleFeathrare.oo Strabuniculmeua fostacolo,pentrua studiaplantele.-He wasa botanist,Erabotanist.-AndthebaldmantrmJellecftothesesameislandstostealparrots.Iar barbatulchela caIatoritcatreaceJea$iinsule,pentrua furapapagali.-Comeon,I wanttoshowyousomethingat home.Veniri,vreausavaaratcevaacasa.

Cuvinte noi

/ifmfeatherparrotinhabitantcollectorpaircollectionfeepound(L)plantbotanistspringmeetingexpeditionstormsearchparty5governor

to dropto hunt

filmpanapapagallocuitorco]ectionarperechecoleqieonorariulira sterlinaplantabotanistprimavara'intalnireexpeditiefUliunaechipadesalvareguvernator

ascapa,acadeadin...a vana

tolook

to be* allowedtostudy6to traveltoplanrarea hundredX yearsagomany

intoextinctionlastyearremotesomethingmainsadlvdeaddangerousterrible

a parea,a separea,a privi

a aveadreptula studiaa calatoriaplanifica,aorganizararo sutaacumX animulti/multe,numero$Ipana la disparitieanultrecut'indepariat/acevaprincipaldin pacatemOli

periculosteribil

4 La vcrbcleal carol'infinitiv seterminaIntr-oconsoanaprccedali'ide0 singuravocala.scdllbleazaconsoanaInainledea seadaugaed la imperfect.5 Plural:parties.6. Imperfectul:studied(la vel'beIe cumar fi tostudy,al carol'intinitiv 133setermini'iIn ~',acesty setransformaIn i. la trecllt).

Aspectul simplu ~icontinuu al trecutuluiImperfectul invatat la paginile 30-33 se utilizeazapen-tru a descrieactiuni incheiate.Deseori, esteinsotit deadverbedetimp (cum ar fi Yesterday- ieri) caresitueazaclar actiuneain trecut.Exemplu: Wewalkedall night (am umblat toata noaptea). Acest timp senume~tetrecutulsimplu.Pentru a descrieactiuni carese desIa~oarain trecut(ploua), utilizam trecutul continuu.

Constructii impersonale

Trecutul continuu

Trecutul continuuse formeazadin forma de trecuta

verbului to be(was ~iwere) +radacinaverbala +ing.Exemplu: He was doing theshopping (EI faeea eum-paraturi).] Unele verbeuzualecum ar fi to be. tohave,to know,to wantnu se intrebuinteazala aspectulcontinuu,ci numai la cel simplu.

Precum observatiin exempleledemai sus, in romlna, imperfectulseintrebuinteazapentruactiuni carese desIa~oarain trecut.Corespondentuldin englezaestetrecutulcontinuu: I was cycling(Mergeam eu bicicleta).

Cum traducem imperfectuldin romana

Constructiile impersonalesetraducin englezaprin it. Exemplu: It wasraining (ploua), It wasfine (Eraplaeut).

In romana,imperfectulse mai in-trebuinteaza~ipentruactiuni pecareobi~nuiamsa Ie facemintrecut.Exemplu: Ii vedeam intot-deauna cand eram in ora~.Inengleza,se intrebuinteazatrecutulsimplu.Astfel, exemplulse tradu-ce: I always saw themwhenI wasin town.

Cuvinte noi

night

noapteto raina plouafineCtimp)frumas,lunch2 pranz

to cyclea mergecubicicleta foartebinestamp

colectiedetowaitfora a~teptanearlyaproapecollectionti~bre

toput* awaya punela 0 partereadygatawork mundi,serviciuto manage(to)a reu~isahowcum

entranceintrareto get*toa ajungelarustyruginit

cavepe~terato be*abouta fi (vorba)despre...insideinauntru

chestcurarto deal*witha seocupadehiddenascuns

problemproblema at lastIn celedin urmMn

ownerproprietaralltotul sfiir~it

safeseifwhencandurgenturgent-

1Trecutulcontinuusepoatetraducecu imperfectulsaucuperfectulcampus+"pepunctuldea". 2 Pluralul: lunches.

3 Candun verbla infinitiv urmeazaun verbla imperativ,deseori,to esteinlocuitcuand.

Cheia replicilor

Lunchis nearlyready.Pnlnzuleaproapegata.o Wereyoushowingthemthatoldstampcollection,Sarah?Le arataicolectiavechedetimbre,Sarah?oNo,wewerejust lookingatsomeoldphotographs.Nu, neuitamdoarla ni~tefotografii.o Yes,wewerewaitingfor you.Da,te a~teptam.oDad 50 just leavingworknow.TatatocmaipJeacadela serviciu.oSarah,thebicycles!It 50 raining.Sarah,bicicletele!Ploua...Its OK. Weput themmv0-'.EsteOK. Le-ampusla 0 parte.Haveyougotthediary?AijumaJulla tine?oNo,I put it in mytent.Waithere!Nu, I-ampusin cort.A~teptatiaici.oOh... He explainshowhefoundFerdinadFruitcake50 letter.Oh...Poveste~tecuma gasitscrisoarealui FerdinandFruitcake.Hewaslookingfor blueparrots.Cautapapagalialba~tri.He managedtogetto Koukouisland... A reu~itsaajungaininsulaKoukou.At theentrancetoa cave,hesawan old, rustychest.La intrareauneipe~terivazuun cUIarvechi~iruginit.oInsidehefound a lettert~atwasabouta hiddentreasure.Inauntrugasi0 scrisoarein careerayorbadespre0 comoaraascunsa.Yes,theletterthathestole Da,scrisoareapecareafurat-o .Comeandeat.Here50 Dad at last.Veniti samancati.In sfar~it,iata-l~ipetata.oSony,I wasdealingwitha reallyurgentproblem...Scuze,maocupamde0 problemacuadevaraturgenta...

shopowner."Ah, thekeysto mysafe!Thankyou!I (tolose)themyesterday.I (tolook)everywhere,butI (can)notfind them."

Oh... He explainshow hefound

Ferdinad Fruitcake :sletter.

Sorry, I was dealingwith a really urgent

problem...

Twofriends,DaveandHarry, (togo)shopping.They(tolookfor)jeans.In oneshop,they(tofind)somekeysin thepocketof apair ofjeans.They(togive)themto the

Povestea blugilor

lneereatisa relatatipovestireade mai jos, intrebuintandtim-purile treeuteeorepunziitoarepentrufieeareverb din paran-teze.Unul dintre verbeestela treeutuleontinuu.

darareefectasupraprezentului.[have cleanedmyshoes (mi-amcuriitatpantofii- adicapantofiisuntacumcurari).[ have beentoLiverpool (amfostla Liverpool-astainseamnacaeucunoscdejaacestora~).

Presentperfect-u\seintrebuin!ea-za~icand0 aqiunetocmaiaavutloc:He'sjust boughta new bike.(EI tocmai~i-acumparat0 bici-cletanoua).

Present Pet1ect (intrebuintare)

Presentperfect-ulstabile~te0legaturaintretrecut~iprezent.Deregula,acesttimpprezinta0aqiunecarea avutloc in trecut,

tic cutimpultrecut(pasttense)-vezitabeluldindreapta.2

Formele contrase

In limbajuldezi cuzi seintrebu-in!eazaformelecontrasealeluihave ~ihas ( 've~ios)spreexem-plu: I've walked.

Present Perfect

Presentperfect-ulestefoartedesintrebuin!atin engleza.Acestaseformeazadinverbulto have (vezipag.8)~iparticipiultrecutal ver-bului.

La verbeleregulate,participiultrecutesteidenticcutimpultrecut(radacinaverbala+ed). latadecipresentperfect-ulverbuluito walk(a merge):[/you/we/theyhavewalked.he/she/ithas walked.

Verbeleneregulate(careauuntrecutneregulat)auunparticipiutrecutneregulat.La unele,e iden-

Cheia replicilor

-Wemustgo to OakTreeFarm... Tre-buiesamergemla fennaOakTree...0tofind Mr. Crookandthecluethathestolefi'omtheschool.casa-IgasimpeDl. Crook~iindiciulpecareI-afuratdela ~coala.-HaveyouvisitedBridgetown.Mr.Crook?Ati yizitatBridgetown-ul

DomnuleCrook?o }'i?s,I have.Infact, I havejust gotback.Da... De fapt,tocmaim-amIntors.oJ wastherethismorning.I sawthecastleandthetowers...Am fostacoloazi-dimineata.Am yazutcastelul~iturnurile.

obutI couldn1find theruinedtowel:darnu ampututgasiruineleturnului.o Whydoyou wanttoseeit? There~'onlyafert'old stones.De ceyre!isa-Iyizitati?Nu suntacolodeditni~tepietreyechi.oEL 1havealwayslikedruins... Pili... Intotdeaunami-auplacutruinele.

361De re\inut:I) verbelecareseterminaIntr-o consoanflprecedatade0 vocaIa,I~idubleazaconsoanaInaintedea adiiugaed.:2) verbelecareseterminaIn y, pierdy-ul primindtermina\iaied in loc deed.2 Gasiti0 lisla compleUila pagina55.3 Yes,I haveesteun raspunsseurt- vezi pagina16.

Participiul trecut al verbelor neregulate

oh really.,.That'smostinteresting.

Traduceti in englezaTradueetiacestefrazein englezapunanddouaverbeIapresentperfect,trei la trecut~idoualaprezent.Sarah,Susy~iJohn I-augasitpeDI.Crook.El toemaia vizitatBridgetownu1.A fostacoloazi dimineata.EI a cautattumulin ruin~,darnu I-agasit. ....Urmatorulindieiutrebuiesafie laturn,Sarah,Susy~iJolm VOl' samearga

acolorepede.

dimineatapiatra 'ruinaparestaulIapte

a eUTataa seintoareea coboria sesimtibineaproducetoemainoudefaptruinatladoarcatevaoeupat/aminunatdejamultarepede

Cuvinte noimorningstoneruinparkcowshedmilk

to cleantoget*backtogo* downto be* welltoproduce;ustnewinfactruinedonlyafewbusywonderfulalreadylotsof a lotof"quickly

afta construia cumparaaputeaa venia giisia primiapastraa pleca/apariisia trimiteafitraa castif!a

partieipiu trccutbeenbuiltboughtbeenablecomefoundgotkeptleftsentstolenwon

treeutwas,werebuiltboughtcouldcamefoundgotkeptlefisentstolewon

Infinitivbebuildbuycancomefindgetkeepleavesendstealwin

o Well.didyougo to thepark? Eibine,atifostIapare?o Yes,butI didn'lseeanythingthere.Da, darn-amvazutnimic.Ah!Youdidn'lgo downto therivel:Ah! N-ati coboratpanaIa rau.o Yes,we'rewell. We'veboughtthreecows.Da,ne simtimbine.Am

cumparattreivaei.oWe'vebeenverybusy...Am fostfoarteocupati...oWe'vejust builta newcowshedforthem.ToemaiIe-ameonstruitunstau1.oThey'rewonderful!They'vealreadyproducedlotso./milk!Suntminunate.Deja audatmultlapte!

0 Yes,theruinedtoweris bytherivel:Da,turnulin ruinee aproapederfm.o Thenextcluemustbeat theruinedtowel:Unnatoru]indieiutrcbuieSafie la tumulin ruine.oOh,really... Thatsmostinteresting.Zau...Asta efoartcinteresant.

Participiul trecut ~ipronumele posesive

Part icIpi ul treeut serve~te. precumi1\i va/ut la pagina 36.,la lorll1areapresent perfect-ului. In rom ana.participiul trecut poate funqionaca adjectiv, Exemple: u house11lIil!OJ.I!OIlC (0 casa construiHidin piatra): u Jliddell CUH' (0 pe~-tera ascunsa), In engleza. participi-ul trecut c in\'ariabil ~i se pune inrata substanti \'ul ui,

Presentperfect(continuare)

Ciind intrebuin!a!i l11ail11ultever-be la aceea~ipersoana la present

,"'0 \I'C //lust go !heres!mig,h! (l1I'ay hefc)re

hi//l,

perfect intr-o fraza. nu e necesar sarepeta!i hus sau hUI'c, Exell1plu:I huve hcell /() Londoll. I'isi!cd the

71J1I'(!}, und dOlle some shopping in

1Il/lle

I'0 III'S

his

hel's

Oxlord S!ree! (Am fost la Lomira,am vizitat Turuul ~iam facutcumpiiriituri pI.' Oxford Street),

al meu. a mea.ale mele, ai mci:

al tau. a ta, ale tale, ai tai:

alai lui, ai/ale lui:

alai ei, ai/ale ei

in engleza. nu cstc vreun pronume posesiv care sa-icorespunda Illi ii, Astrel. trebllie reluat sllbstantivul ~ilntrcbuin\at la rorilla posesiv3. (vezi explica!ia de la

pag. 12). Sprc excl11plu.cane! vorbil11e!espreun caine.pentrLl a spulle "[sle allui" VOI11spune I!.\ !he do,r!,.\

ollrs

theil'S

alnostru, a l1oastra.ai no~tri.alel1oastre:

a/al lor. ai/ale lor

[\C lle\'Cf' realI\'

explored the !Ol!'crbecause of!hefeIlCl!.

,",

Look. you hm'en (y,ot)'ours un)'

Jl)ore.

/le\", I'FefiJ/ll/dsOJl)ething here.'

Look.' It.'\Ferdil/und

Fruitcuke.'\' sign..'

We havekept this ruined tower becauseit 1S;a sacredmonumentfor the inhabitantsofBridgetown.The pirates of Pirates'lsland destroyedit threeyears ago, but now, we havegot our revenge.We havewon our last battle againstthem andexpelled them from their fort on the island. Atlast, they have disappearedfrom our country.

Cuvinte noi

slree!

stradato get* YOllra se razbuna.IlullI(,

statuiereveng('e(ll'

urecl1e10 1I'in*a ca~tiga

kllc('

gard 10 exp('1a fugari

CUll

~apca/() c!isupp('ara disparea

II!0I7lII1!('i1I

monumentnu inca

IJirul('pirat

nol yel

sodeci. a~adar

halliebaUilie

straighl ([)1"ayimediat

foufort hefiJreinainte

co IIIl! IT I1ara ne\ 'erniciodata

Irlle

adevarat

10 ('xlilor('

a explora('\'er,'\\'I1erepestetot10 ('XOlilill('

a examll1a('uchfiecare

10 k('('li"

a pastra.Iacr('c!sacru

10 d(,SII"llFa distrugc

laslultim a Cheia replicilor

So, he :,'\\'orked Oll! the cI//('fi'ol11Ihe schoo!.. A~adar.a descifratindiciul de la ~coala'which sel1l him 10 Ih(' rliinec!lml'e!:care I-a trimis la turnul in ruine.

Bllt he hosll i yC'l.fiJ/lnd Ihis towel~Oar el nu a gasit inca acestturn.'So 11'(' II!IIs1 go there slraighl away-befiHe hill!. Deci trebuie sa mergemacolo imediat - inaintea lui.We 'n'come' back 10 gel Ihe bikes.Ne-am intors sa ne luam bicicletele.';\11" sWllle has a hmken e'ar Can)'oil mend i()Statuia meaare 0urecl1crupta. 0 po!i rcpara'l1'n'ne'\'a r('ull)' e'x/Jlored Ihe' Iml'erbeculise' ollhe'fCnce. Niciodata 11-

Viitorul

Viitorul se formeazadin will +radacinaverbala:I/you/helshe,etc.will walk. In propozitiile interoga-tive, shall deseori ia locullui willia persoanaInHiisingular~iplural (I ~iwe), mai ales dacasugeramsaupropunemceva. Exemplu:Shall we go out? (Ie~im?).

Formelecontrase

Forma contrasiia lui will este 'll. Exemplu: I'll bethere(voi fi acoio).Aceastaformii nu se intrebuin-teaziiin propozitiile interogative.

Intr-o propozitie negativii,forma contrasiia lui willestewon't. Exemplu: Theywon't be there(Ei nuvorfi acoio).

Might

Pentru a descrieun evenimentsau0 actiunecarearputeaavealoc, folosim auxiliarul modal might (vezi"posibiJ" pag.28). Exemple: He might be there(Arputeafi acoio).He mightnot be there(S-ar puteasa nu fie acoio).

A putea~ia trebui la viitor

Pentru a spuneceeace ar trebui, cat~iceeace amputeaface, intrebuintiimbe able to ~ihave to alaturide will saushall. Exemple: He will have to be there(El trebuiesafieacolo);Shall 1beable to seeyoutomorrow?(Voi puteasatevad maine?).

Cuvintenoi

crosszngnightleaftraildirectionnoteplacesoiltaskbarguard dogwallpaneljewels (pi)fortune

to leave*togo*ojJ

to disturbto dirtyto worryto draw*tofall *for itto be* careful

todaynight-timedangerousduringalsofalsebrilliantwrongdefinitelydifficultthatwaywooden

treciitoarenoaptefrunziiurmii,pistiidirectiemesa],biletelloc, a~ezaresol, pamantcerintiibar 'caine de paziiperete

p?;nou,.~abJoublJ utemavere

a pleca,a piiriisia pleca,a se

indreptaa deranjaa murdari,a pataa-~iface grijla desenaa ciideain capcaniia fi atent

astiiziIn timpul noptiipericuiosIn timpulde asemeneafalsexcelent,genialfalscu sigurantiidificilpe acolode/In lemn

,"\11

It will be night-time and the

crossing will bedangerous.

1 Plural; leaves.

Cheia replicilor

---~~Pista falsa

lata mesajulpe care-I scrie Sarah.Ea I-a scris~onform unui cod mis-terios. PeAtru-a~~tiIncotro II trimitepe barbatulchel trebuiesadescope-riti cum se cite~te.Apoi, II putetitraduceIn romana.

F.F.lleveraF. ereht eb lIiw

enutrof ym dno slewej ym IIA.

slenop nedoow htlw lIow eno dnif ~Iliw uoy edisnl. god droug a eb ?

thgim ereht, luferac eB. yaw toht

ni og lIiw uoY. srob tuohtiw

wodniwenDeeslIiwuoY. trophsiF

n\ noitots ecilop eht at og ot

evoh Iliw uoY. tluciffid eb lliw ti.

ksot tsol ruoy sl ereH. tfell

seulc eht 110 dnuofevoh uoy

woN,nos yM

-Sowe'/I havetogo to Pirates'Island.A~adartrebuiesamergempeinsulaPiratilor.-Nottoday.'We'/Igettheretoolate...Nu astazi.Vomajungeacolopreatarziu.-It will benight-timeandthecrossingwill bedangerous.Vafi In timpulnOpfii~itrecatoareavafi pericuJoasa.-But thebaldmanwi/!find thecluehereand... Oar barbatulchelvagasiindiciulaici ~i...-hemightgo to theislandduringthenight,AI' puteamergepe insulaIntimpulnoptii.-Well,wemusthidethiscluewith

someleaves.There!Ei binetrebuiesaascundemacestindiciucuni~tefrunze.lata!-Wecanalso leaveafalse trail.Amputealasa0 pistafalsa.-Brilliant!He'll gooff in thewrongdirection... Genial!Va plecaIndireqia gre~ita.-andwon'tdisturb1/S. ~inu ne vaderanja.-Right,wemustleavehimd note.Exact,trebuiesa-i lasamunbilete!.-I've gota goodidea.Am 0 ideegrozava.-Butwhereshall wehide it? Darunde0 sa-Iascundem?

-John and1canlookfor a goodplace.John ~icu mineputemcautaun loc bun.-}'Ouwill haveto dirtythenotewithsomesoil. Vatrebuisamurdare~tibilete1ulcu ni~tepamant.-Yes Don'tWOI"I)', it '/I bepeifect.Oa Nu-ti facegriji, va fi perfect.-wecanhideit hereanddrml'hissign! II putemascundeaici ~idesenaparafalui.-That'sreal/ybrilliant!He'/Idefinitelyfall for it. E cuadevaratgenial!Cu sigurantava cadeaIncapcana.

41

Formarea viitorului cu going to

acesta/aceastaacela/aceea

II

In romana,deseoriexprimamviitorulcuajutorullo-cutiuniiverbale(aaveadegandsa).Exemplu:Am degandsa plee;el aredegandsa seuitela televizor.

Aproximativacela~ilucruareloc~iin engleza,cuajutorulexpresieibegoingtocareindica0 intentie

Intrebuintarea prezentului dupa whenIn engleza,dupawhen(cand)~iassoonas(deIn-dataee),nusepuneniciodataviitorul- numaipre-zentul.Exemple:Whenmybrotherarrives,I will

Pronumele demonstrative

latapronumeledemonstrativedinengleza.Singularthisonethatone

Pluralthese(ones) ace~tia/acesteathose(ones) aceialacelea

Retinetica lap]uralrareoriseintre-buinteazaones.

42

sau0 prevedere.Formacaretrebuieavutain vedereesteam/is/aregoingto+radacinaverbala.Exemple:I amgoingtoleave(voi pleea/amdegandsa plee);He is goingtowatchTV (EI seva uita latelevizor);Theyaregoingtocomewithus(Ei audegandsavina eunoi).

Right,l'lllookforthemandfax you

rightaway.

leave(Cand fratelemeuva ajunge,voi pleea);AssoonasI !mow,I will phoneyou (DeIndataeeallu,iti voi telefona).

,"

",

Trenul sauva ajungela ora trei.

Viitorul

lata opt propozitii caretrebuietra-duseIn engleza.

Cheia replicilor

-We'regoingtocloseup... Vomj'nchide...-Fine, I'mjust goingto tidyup...Bine,euvoi facedoarordine...-andthenI'll go. ~iapoivoi pleca.-Well,goodnight.Ei bine,noaptebuna.- Hey,thisis'themanthechildrenshowedme.Hei,acestae barbatulpecaremi I-auaratatcopiii.-Yes,its thesameman.pa,eacela$ibarbat.-Hello, London?I'd like detailsonnumber1709.Alo, Londni?A~dori detaliidesprenumarul1709.-Right,I'll lookfor themandfaxyourightaway.Bine, Ie voicauta~ividetrimitprin f'J,x.-Fine. Thanks!Bine.Multumesc!'Ah, its thisone.Thoseall havebars.Ah, aceastae.Celelateaugratii.-Right,it won'tbetoodifjicult.Perfect,nuva fi preadificil.-I'll beableto breakthewindowpane.Voi puteaspargesticladelageam.-First I'm goingtohavesupper,andI'll con!ebackwhenit'sreallynight-time.Intaimaducsaiaucina~il1!aMorc candvafi dejaintu-nenc.'Ah, at last... Ah, in sfaqit...-Right,tomorrowI'll go toFruitcakehouse.Perfect,mainemaduc la familiaFruitcake.-Thechildrenmightbeabletohelpmefind him.Copiii arputeasamaajutesa-Igasesc.-They'll bepleased- there'sareward.VOl'fi incantati- e ~i0recompensa.-Oh! Whatsthat?Ei! Da ce-i asta?-It's him!El:.~StoP!You'reunderarrest.'EI e!Aaa...stai!E~tiarestat.

Ne yom uita candyom gasiziarul.Ya vedeael.

Yeniti cu mine?

atuncinoaptebunacautatmultumitstop

a inchidea faceordineatrimitefaxa aJungea telefonaa ajutaa fi arestat

EI . .~.n ~e VOl'le~l~mAsearaaceasta.Ce ai deglnd s'a;faci?

Maine ma ducVaBjidgetown.Yom ~ticand voi~fiaici.

thengoodnightwantedpleasedstop

to closeupto tidyuptofaxto arriveto (tele)phoneto helpto be* under

arrest

TVvarstafurtcopilLondradetaliunumarsticlarecompensatrenZlar

Cuvinte noiTVagetheftchifd1Londondetailnumberwindowpanerewardtrainnewspaper

1Pluralul:children.43

~Gradele de comparatie comparativ ~isuperlativ

In engleza,existadouamodalitatide a forma comparativul~isuperla-tivul unui adjectiv,I conform lungi-mii acestuia.Pentrua spunemai... laun adjectivalcatuitdintr-o silaba,adaugamer, iar pentrua spuneeelmai/eea mai adaugam est.Exemplu: tall (inalt), taller (maiinaU), thetallest (eel mai inaltleeamai inalta)."

Adverbele

La majoritateaadverbelor,comparativul~isuperlativul se formeazacumore ~imost.Exemple:slowly. moreslowly, themostslowly (irieet, maiineet, eel mai ineet).La uneleadverbeuzuale adaugamer ~iest.Exemplu: early3(devreme),fast (rapid), hard (dur), late (tarziu), long (lung), near (aproape).

Formele neregulate

In engleza,uneleadjective~iadverbefomie uzuale au forme neregulatela comparativ~isuperlativ.Adjective:good(buna),better(mai bun/a), thebest(eel/eeamai bun/a);bad(rau), worse(mai rau), theworst(eel/eeamai diu/rea).Adverbe: badly(rau), worse(mai rau), theworst(eelmai rau); (CU-(departe),further(mai departe),thefilrthest(eelmai departe);little(putill),less(mai putin), theleast(eelmai putin)";well (bine),better(mai bine),the best(eel mai bine).

No I haven't,I'mstronger thanyou!

circlesHei! Incepemsane-InvartimIn cercuri.Yes,John! You'renotrowingasfastasme.Da, John.Nu vasle~ti]afel derepedeca~imine.You'vegot thebestOal:Ai ceamaibunavasJa.NoI haveni, 1'171strongerthanyou!

Pirates'island.0 putemImprumuta?Vremsamergempe insulaPiratilor.Yes,of course.It s thesmallest.Da,binelnteles.E ceamaimica.Watchout...Oneof theoarsis shorterthantheothe!:.. Atentie...unadintrevaslee maiSCUltade~atcealalta.Hey! We'restartingtogo aroundin

Adjectivelecontinanddoua,trei saumai multesilabe,I~ifonneazacom-parativul~isuperlativul cu more(maL.) ~ithemost(eel/eeamaL.)Exemplu: tiring (obositor), moretiring (mai obositor), themosttiring (eel mai obositor/oare).

Adjectivele terminate in y

Adjectivele terminateIn y primescer ~iest,oricare ar fi lungimealor,y-ul se transformaIn i. Exemplu:fitnny(amuzant), fitnnier (maiamuzant), thefitnniest (eel/eeamai amuzanta).

De retinut

In engleza,adjectivul se puneIna-inteasubstantivului,fiind invari-abil. Acest lucru nu se schimbaIncazul unei comparatii.Exemplu: afitnnierman (un om mai amuzant).

MaL. decat ~ila fel de... ca iMaL. decat se traduceprin ...ersaumore... than.Exemple: tallerthan (mai inaIt decat); more tiringthan (mai obositor decat); fitnnierthan (mai amuzant dedit).

La fel de... ea ~ise traduceprinas... as. Exemplu: He s as tall ashis sister (E la fel de inalt ea ~isora lui).

Cheia replicilor

Canyou lendmeyou/'towel?Imipoti Imprumutaprosopultau?YukiIt saswetasmine.Pill E lafeldeudca~ial meu.Hi Tony.Haveyougotyour boathere?Buna,Tony!Ai barcaaici?Yes,itsoverthere.Da, esteacolo.Can weborrowit? Wewanttogo to

441 In romana,mai +adjectivconstituiecomparativul(exemplu:mai loalt), iareelmai/eeamai +adjectivconstituiesuper-lativul(eelmai loalt). 2 Multe adjectivecareau0 silabii~iseterminaintr-oconsoanaprecedatade0 singuravocala,i~idubleazaconsoanainaintedea primier ~iest.Exemplu:red,redder,thereddest(ro~u,mai ro~u,eel mai ro~u).

Cuvinte noitoweloardungeontunnelendfirst onesecondone

/0 lend*

prasopvasUicelula,'inchisoaretunelcapat,sflir~itprimul/aal doilea/adoua

a 'imprumuta

tostarttogo around

in circlesto row

funnywetoverthere

a 'incepea se'invalii'in

cercuna vasIi

amuzant/audacolo

shortotherstrongevenoddshuthelplong

scurt/aaMiputernic/achiar(~i)straniuInchis/aajutorlung

Theres thefort.

Nu-i adevarat,suntmaiputernicdecattine.There'sthefort. latafOIiareata.It's evenolderthantheruined

to~ver.E ~imaivechedecattm'nul'inrume.It'sgotlotsofdungeonsandtunnels...Are multecelule~itune]uri...

butyou can'tgo downthere.darnupoticobor'iacolo.-That'sodd,normallythegate'sshut.Estraniu,deobiceipoartae 'inchisa.Hey,go moreslowly.Hei, mergetimai'incet.Oh no! Oh nu!Look, therearefour tunnels.Priviti,

Which is the longest tunnel?Sarah,John ~iSusy ~tiuca trebuiesameargapanaJa capatulceluimai lung tuneJ. Oar caresa fie?Utilizand pa~iilor dreptmasura(earntoti au aceea~imasuralapantofi), John ~iSarahcalcuIeazalungimeaunui tunel, In timp ceSusy Ie calculeaza~peceleIaJte

doua. lata replicileJlor, candcompararezu1tatele:

~

fdjMy tunnel isn't as long

as yours.

My first tunnel was aslong asyours, but mysecond one is shorteJ:

Puteti raspundela Intrebarealui John (In enQ:leza)?

suntpatrutuneluri.Help... Ajutor...Wecan'tgetoutnow!Acumnumaiputemie~i!Comehere!Lookat this!Venitiaici!la priviti!

3 Y-ul din ear(vsetransformaIn i:earlieJ;earliest(mai devreme,eel mai devreme).4 Putin/ mai putin/eelmai putin +substantivnenumarabilsetraducprin(ewljewer/thefewest.

tea,amputea,ar putea)~ishould(ar trebui).Ca ~ican~imust,could~ishouldsunt invariabile.

If (daca)

ifinseamna dad. In limba romana,pentrua exprimao actiune,carear puteaavealoc, intrebuintamdupaconjunctiadad conditionalul prezentatat1'npropo-zitia principala, cat~iin ceasuborc!onata.Dad a~aveabani,m-a~dueela Londra. In engleza,dupa ifse intrebuinteazatrecutul simplu, iar in propozitiaprincipala conditionalul: if I hadsomemoney,Jwouldgo toLondon.Ca ~iin cazullui dadi, dupa ifse poatepuneprezen-tul sauviitorul: ifhehasmoney,hewill comewithme(Dadi arebani,va venieumine).

Would ~iconditionalul~-"'~"

In engleza,conditionalul se formeazacu would+radacinaverbala.Exemple: I wouldbe(eu a~fi),theywouldsing(ei/elear canta).Wouldesteun auxiliar modal. Intr-o fraza interoga-tiva, subiectulsepunedupaauxiliar.Exemplu: WouldI be?(A~fi eu?).Intr-o fraza negativa,notsepunedupawould:I wouldnotbe(eu n-a~fi).Forma contrasaa lui would, 'd,se1'ntrebuinteazamult 1'nenglezavorbita (I'd be;they'dsing),darnuin propozitiile interogativesaunegative!

Conditionalulverbelorcan ~imustAuxiliarele modalecan~imustau propria forma deconditional: could(a~putea,ai putea,el/eaar pu-

Wouldyouseebetterifyouhada torch?

Would,ca formuladepoliteteCa ~i1'nromana,conditionalul pre-supune~i0 exprimarepoliticoasa.I wouldlike (a~dori -vezi pag.l0)esteconditionalul verbului tolike(a dori, a pHicea),fjind mult maipoliticos decatI want(dorese).Lafel, formulelewouldyoulike?(ai/atidori?),wouldyou(doriti),~iwouldyoumind.?(te-ar/v-arderanjasiL?) suntpoliticoase~iutile.

No, I'll comeback.J wouldn'lwanttodisturb

you.

46 I I Not scpoatccontragc~iadaugala sfar~itulluiwould.Excmplu:I \Vouldn'tbe (n-a~fi).I

I'll beableto treatTonytoa newpair of

oars!

YouandDad andI (togo)toCanadatoseelilY aunt.

You(toget)a newbicycle.

I (tospend)it all!

I (topay)for a newroolforFruitcakehouse.

Ce ai face daca...?Odatarevenitila familiaFruitcake,Sarah0 intreabape mamasa cear face dacaar aveadintr-o datamulti bani. Completati raspunsu-rile lui Emma, pun{mdverbeledin parantezala forma corecta.

a vorbi(eu)a multumia a~tepta(pe)a deranjaa sei'ntoareea seml~eaa da,a oferia eheltui

fiergramezide

to talk(to)to thanktowaitfortodisturbt