Period 4: 1800-1848

Finding democracy in the midst of rapid economic, territorial,

and demographic changes

North America--1800

What is worth noting

about this map? Predict what

changes will occur to this map by the end of Period 4 (1800-1848)

US

Pop. Grew from 3.9 million to 5.3 million 1790-1800 (approx population of CO)

Population Density 1800

Predict what will be happening in regards to the following populations: American Indians Black Americans Women Political Elites “common man”

Spanish Colonies

Mexico City=200,000 Peninsulares (high

officials) Criollos (native-born)

Sparsely settled Santa Fe, San Antonio, etc… Mainly A.I.

New Orleans

Haiti and Caribbean

Haiti=first independent black nation (1791) Slave revolt

90% of Europe’s sugar Heavy slave labor

British N. America

Strong French presence

Loyalists, a few American immigrants

Fur trade Friendly relationships

with A.I.

Russian America

Fur trade Established under

Peter the Great Good and bad

relationships with Inuit and Aleut

Rapid growth—off the radar of US

US—Appalachia expansion

Kentucky and Tennessee admitted as states

Cincinnati= “Queen City of the West”

Jefferson & the Revolution of 1800

Agrarian Republic

PROS

Population growth Community values Local democracy Domestic food

production

CONS

Persistent mobility Environmental

damage Expanded slave

labor American Indian

human rights violations

Louisiana Purchase

France secretly acquired Louisiana Territory from Spain in 1800

Jefferson didn’t want Napoleon in his backyard

US lost access to New Orleans

Louisiana Purchase

Napoleon wanted to sell in 1803

Why? Monroe & Livingston

bought for $15 million

Constitutional problem Purchase by

executive Admission of

foreign nations

Foreign Policy

CNN—TJ and ISIS Embargo Act-1807

In response to British treatment of American shipping

Forbade American ships from sailing to any foreign port Sanctioned

ourselves Was a disaster

James Madison--1808

War of 1812

Points of View British view American Indian

View Document Analysis

Compare and Contrast the impact

of the War of 1812 on the United States, Britain, and American Indians.

LEQ Analysis

Russia

Spain

Portugal

• In 1807, Napoleon invaded Portugal and Spain.

• Portugal and Spain are busy defending themselves in Europe, and their American colonies revolt.

• New countries like Mexico, Brazil, and Haiti won their independence.

• In 1815, Napoleon is finally defeated in Europe.

War of 1812 EndsNapoleon invades Portugal and Spain

Napoleon is defeated

1807

1814

1815

• In 1821, Russia claims land south of Alaska and forbids other countries from passing into their territory.

War of 1812 EndsNapoleon invades Portugal and Spain

Napoleon is defeated

1807

1814

1815

1821

Russia moves south in Alaska

Russia

SpainPortugal

• The United States recognizes the new Latin American countries, such as Mexico, Brazil and Haiti, and begins trading.

• Trade is very profitable.

• The United States stands to lose a lot of money if Spain and Portugal take back their colonies.

War of 1812 EndsNapoleon invades Portugal and Spain

Napoleon is defeated

1807

1814

1815

1821

Russia moves south in Alaska

• In 1823, President Monroe declares:

• The American continent will not be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European power.

• In other words, if Europe comes over to interfere with any country in America (including South America), the US will respond with war.

War of 1812 EndsNapoleon invades Portugal and Spain

Napoleon is defeated

1807

1814

1815

1821

Russia moves south in Alaska

1823

The Monroe Doctrine is applied.

• Portugal – Would like to reclaim Brazil after a long war, and they could, but risk angering the British and America.

• America – Russia is invading territory that could be considered American, and Spain and Portugal may ruin trade with new Latin American countries.

• Spain – Would like to reclaim Mexico, and France has offered to support this war, but the British have threatened to attack Spain if they attempt to reclaim Mexico.

• Russia – Mainly interested in Fur trading, not colonization, but is seen as a threat by America. Russia has to decide how to respond to Americans violating their new territory.

• Great Britain – Worried that Spain and Portugal may challenge them as a world power if they reclaim territory. Also worried about losing out on profitable trade.

• Latin America – Asking for help from America and England in remaining independent. Willing to fight Guerrilla Warfare to hold on to independence.

The Western Hemisphere was no longer open

for colonization The political system of the Americas was

different from Europe The United States would regard any

interference in Western hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security

The United States would refrain from participation in European wars and would not disturb existing colonies in the Western Hemisphere

Monroe Doctrine—Key Ideas

Outcomes

Spain Florida (Adams-Onis

Treaty—1819) Boundaries along

Louisiana Territory Russia

Convention of 1824 Established

southern boundary of Russian America.

Britain Rush-Bagot—1817

49th parallel Joint claims to Oregon

Territory Superior navy Maintain hegemonic

power in Europe

US Got lucky

Monroe Doctrine

Significance? Future connections Short term—Texas,

California, Oregon Long term--?

Wilson Bush

Election of 1824

“Corrupt Bargain”

The Candidates

1. John Quincy Adams

2. Henry Clay 3. John C. Calhoun 4. William H.

Crawford 5. Andrew Jackson

Objective—create a profile for your assigned candidate including the following1. Where from2. Previous political

career 3. Political party

affiliation4. Outcome 5. Future political career 6. Random/fun fact

1. John Quincy Adams

1. Massachusetts 2. Secretary of State

under Monroe 3. Jeffersonian

Republicans 4. Won 5. 4 years in office6. Random/fun fact

2. Henry Clay

1. Kentucky (represented the West)

2. Senate, House of Rep, Speaker of the House, Warhawk, “American System”

3. Jeffersonian Republican 4. Appointed Secretary of

State by Adams—accusation of corrupt bargain

5. “The Great Compromiser”

1. Missouri Compromise2. Nullification Crisis3. Compromise of 1850

3. John C. Calhoun

1. South Carolina2. Warhawk, 3. Political party

affiliation4. w/drew to run for

VP5. Dogmatic

supporter of slavery and the south

6. “Cast-Iron Man”

4. William H. Crawford

1. Georgia2. Cabinet positions3. Jeffersonian

Republican4. Lost election5. Served as a judge

in Georgia

5. Andrew Jackson

1. Tennessee 2. Lawyer, house,

senate, military, judge

3. Formed Democratic party

4. Lost 5. President 1828-

18366. A very long list…

Election of 1828

Growth of Democracy

Causation Practice: Groups of 2-3

Objective: Explain the significance that each of the following events may have had on the election of 1828.

1) Martin Van Buren & Albany Regency

2) War of 1812 3) Westward

expansion 4) Panic of 1819 5) Latin American

Revolution 6) Print revolution 7) “common man”

HTS: Causation—Election of 1828

1) Martin Van Buren & Albany Regency

2) War of 1812 3) Westward

expansion 4) Panic of 1819 5) Latin American

Revolution 6) Print revolution 7) “common man”

1) similar party organization elected Jackson—VanBuren was campaign manager

2) Battle of New Orleans—expanded voting rights to white males

3) expansion of suffrage in the West—new political affiliation

4) ended era of good feelings 5) increased fears of the South

—blocked diplomatic attempts made by H. Clay

6) expanded political info to… 7) “common man”

The Revolution of 1828?

Jackson’s Indian Policy

Expansion in the South Surrounded tribes Chicksaw,

Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creek

Assimilated into white culture via constitution, written language, & slaves

Expansion in the North Black Hawk War Sauk and Fox

massacred Lieutenant Jefferson

Davis & Captain Abraham Lincoln

Trail of Tears

Cherokee resided on land granted by treaty

Cherokee constitution declared they were not subject to laws of other nations (1827)

Georgia declared that they were (1830)

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

Worcester v. Georgia Jackson?

Regarded “treaties with Indians an absurdity”

No protection under law resulted in Trail of Tears

Trail of Tears

1800 mile journey 17,000 Cherokees 4,000 died on the

way Only 8,000 survived

the march to Oklahoma

Wilkinson—Indian Tribes and the

American Constitution

http://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/index.ssf/2014/11/

policing_authority_for_little.html