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First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Module 2 Slide 2 2 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Objective Use as a cover To immobilize To support To secure dressing Serve as a pad Arrest bleeding Slide 3 3 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Guidelines in dressing and bandaging Sterile or clean material Bleeding is controlled. Adequately covers the wound. Not too tight or it may interfere with the blood supply and damage surrounding tissue. No loose ends that could get caught on other objects while the patient is being moved. If soaked with blood, leave the first dressing and apply a new one Slide 4 4 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Expose the tips of the fingers or toes so that any interference with circulation can be detected. Bandage the body part in its original position sustained after the injury Adjust bandage when the casualty complaint of discomfort Unless otherwise specified, all knots should be tied over open wounds to help control bleeding. Use reef knot to tie bandages Slide 5 5 Precaution Check circulation of the affected part after bandaging every 10 minutes thereafter. To loosen bandage if it shows signs of constriction Signs and symptoms of impaired circulation Skin discoloration with engorged veins Swollen and congested limb Feeling of distention in the limbs Numbness Tingling sensation Pain Inability to move affected fingers or toes First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Slide 6 6 Types of bandages Roller bandage Triangular bandage Roller Bandages Choose the correct size of bandage for different body parts Slide 7 7 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Roller Bandage Rules in applying a roller bandage Head of the bandage held uppermost Begin from within outwards Cover 2/3 while leaving 1/3 exposed Position yourself in front of the casualty Support injured part while bandaging Slide 8 8 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Roller Bandage Pattern in roller bandaging (instructor to demonstrate pattern of ba. ndaging) Simple spiral Start with simple spiral and end up with simple spiral Use on body parts which is parallel Reverse spica Use on body parts which widens gradually. E.g. limbs Slide 9 9 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular Bandage Slide 10 10 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage Making a broad fold and narrow bandage (instructor to demonstrate broad-fold and narrow - fold bandage) Slide 11 11 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Reef Knot Avoid tying the knot around or directly over the injury itself (instructor to demonstrate broad-fold and narrow - fold bandage. Participants to practice) Slide 12 12 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage Use as a cover (instructor to demonstrate and participants to practice) Scalp Bandage Palm bandage (same pattern) Foot Bandage Slide 13 13 Use as a cover Scalp Shoulder Hip Knee Foot First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage Slide 14 14 Use as a support (instructor to demonstrate and participants to practice) First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage 1. Large Arm Sling 2. Elevation Sling Slide 15 15 Cold Compress Reduce swelling Reduce pain Types Cold pad A towel soaked in cold water Ice pack A bag filled with ice First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Slide 16 16 Precaution Do not apply ice directly on to affected part Always wrap ice pack with a cloth Not to use more than 10 minutes at one application First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Cold compress Slide 17 17 Removing head gear Aim Minimize movement of the head and neck Types of head gear Open-face Full-face First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Slide 18 18 Technique in removing open-face helmet Cut/unfasten the chin strap Support the casualtys neck and head Helper to grip the side of the helmet from above and pull them apart to release pressure Lift the helmet upwards and backwards See image of Open-face helmet on next slide First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Slide 19 19 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Slide 20 20 Technique in removing full-face helmet Unfasten/cut the strap Support the neck via nape and hold the lower jaw Ease your finger underneath the rim and ask the helper to hold the base with both hands Helper to tilt the helmet backward and lift the front clearing the casualtys chin Helper to tilt the helmet forward so it will pass the base of the skull Lift the helmet straight off the casualtys head First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Slide 21 21 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Slide 22 22 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Support the head and neck Support the Jaw Slide 23 23 Precaution Do not remove the helmet unless it is necessary Support the head and neck at all times Keep the head aligned with the spine First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear Slide 24 24 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit First Aid Kit Criteria and Requirements 1. Clearly marked and easily accessible 2. Portable and compact able to be taken to the site of an emergency. 3. Contents of kit will vary depending on the anticipated number of people is designed to protect as well as circumstances where it will be used. 4. Check and replenish first aid kit contents regularly. 5. Replace items that are out of date. Slide 25 25 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit Contents in First Aid Kit Bandages triangular bandage ( three to eight pieces ) and roller bandage. Dressings adhesive plaster, sterile eye pads, sterile dressing in a pack. Gloves disposable Safety pins Scissors Cleaning wipes alcohol free for wounds Slide 26 26 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit Contents in First Aid Kit Scissors and tweezers Pocket face mask or plastic shield for CPR Smelling salt Thermometer digital Insect repellent Small booklet and pencil Antiseptic Cream Torchlight Slide 27 The end Module 2 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging For training purpose only. Not for sale