FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF WALL PANELS

WITH WIREMESH REINFORCEMENT

Final Project

Submitted as partial for Filling

The Requirement for Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering

by :

NABELLA MAHARANI

NIM : D 100 122 002

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ENGINEERING FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

2016

iii

MOTTO

“Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Until your good is better and yout better is

best.”

(Tim Ducan)

“True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand

about life, ourselves and the world around us.”

(Socrates)

“They always say times changes things, but you actually have to change them

yourself.”

(Andy Warhol)

“When a goal matter enough to a person, that person will find a way to

accomplish what at first seemed impossible.”

(Nido Qubein)

“What is not started today is finished tommorow.”

(Johann Wolfgang von Goethe)

iv

DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to :

Allah who has given guidance, smoothness and facilities in the pursuit of

knowledge, work, and duties.

Prophet Muhammad is as a role model and a good example for us.

Beloved Papa and Mama, thank you for your pray and support. May Allah

rewards better than what they given me.

My brothers Merah Bangsawan, Brilliant Moses Akbar never providing of

support.

My best friends Rozzaana Islamia , Nella Kusumaningtyas, Annisaa Putri

Hardiyanti, Nur Hidayah thank you for support.

International friends arms of Civil Engineering 2012 which have provide

the support : Mia, Nella, Robhi, Asso, Shinta, Ardi, Sobirin, Hudi, Danar.

Friends who helped inthe settlement of this final report : Mia, Nella,

Pendi, Meka dkk, thank you for your coorperation and help.

All student whom I know or not, hopefully, this material is benefit for you.

My insidious man that make me dare to dream.

v

PREFACE

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb

There are no first word, be spoken besidesAlhamdulillah. Praise be to

Allah, writer prays this final project in accordance with a predemined time. This

final project is entitled “Flexural Strength of Panels Wall with Wiremesh

Reinforcement”.

This Final Project submitted as partial for filling the requirement for

Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty of University of

Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

In this connection allows writer to thank to all those who have participated

in help, they help morally or materially as long the writer is being as student until

she finished her final project.

Thanks and highest appreciation for the direction guidance and assistance

that has given so I can finish the Project of study in Departmen of Civil

Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta

especially to the honorable:

1. Ir. Sri Sunarjono, M.T., Ph.D., as Dean of the Engineering Faculty, University

of Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

2. Mochamad Solikin, S.T., M.T., Ph.D ., as Head of the Department of Civil

Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

3. Anto Budi L, S.T., M.Sc., as the Academic Lecture.

4. Muhammad Ujianto, S.T., M.T., as Final Project Lecture who has given

support and taught.

5. Yenny Nurchasanah, S.T., M.T., as Final Project Lecture who has given

support, taught, and suggested.

6. Budi Setiawan, S.T., M.T., as Examiner who has given taught, support, and

suggested.

7. Basuki, S.T., M.T., as Guest of Final Project Lecture who has given support,

taught, and suggested.

vi

8. Lecture of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of

Muhammadiyah Surakarta

9. Beloved papa and mama who have provide both material, moral, support,

andpray, and I pray to God for papa and mama.

10. Friends of Civil Engineering 2012 which have helped many and have passed

many fond memories in joy and sorrow during this time: Mia, Nella, Robhi,

Asso, Shinta, Ardi, Hudi, Sobirin, Danar.

11. All parties who cannot be mentioned one by one that has helped to

completion of final project.

Writer realized that there is no perfect thing, therefre critics and constructive

suggestions for the perfection extremely athors expect at this final and hopefully,

this final can be useful for use.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

viii

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITTLE .................................................................................................. i

APPROVAL SHEET .............................................................................

MOTTO ...................................................................................................

DEDICATION .......................................................................................

PREFACE ...............................................................................................

STATEMENT .........................................................................................

TABLE OF CONTENT ..........................................................................

LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................

LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................

LIST OF NOTATION ............................................................................

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................

I. INTRODUCTION .........................................................................

A. Background ...............................................................................

B. Problem Formulation ................................................................

C. Destination.................................................................................

D. Research Contribution ..............................................................

E. Scope of problem ......................................................................

F. Authenticity Research .............................................................

II. LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................

A. Wall Panel..................................................................................

B. Lightweight Concrete ...............................................................

C. Wiremesh...................................................................................

D. Factor Affecting the Quality of Concrete .................................

III. THEORITICAL APPROACH .....................................................

A. General ......................................................................................

B. Material Composition of Wall Panels .......................................

C. Mix Design of Wall Panel ........................................................

D. Wall Panel Test .........................................................................

IV. RESEARCH METHODS ..............................................................

A. Materials Research ....................................................................

B. Mix Design ...............................................................................

C. Research Equipment..................................................................

D. Specimen...................................................................................

E. Research Stage..........................................................................

F. Research Implementation..........................................................

V. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION .................................................

A. Examination Composer Material of Wall Panels .....................

B. Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinder ............................

C. Wall Panels Test .......................................................................

VI. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .........................................

A. Conclusion ................................................................................

B. Suggestion ................................................................................

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX

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LIST OF TABLES

Table. II.1

Table II.2

Table V.1

Table V.2

Table V.3

Table V.4

Table V.5

Table V.6

Table V.7

Table V.8

Table V.9

Table V.10

Table V.11

Table V.12

Table V.13

Table V.14

Table V.15

Table V.16

Wiremesh material specification .................................................

Conversion of pce value ..............................................................

Organic Material Content of Fine Aggregates .............................

Saturated Surface Dry (SSD) of Fine Aggregates ........................

Mud Content of Fine Aggregates .................................................

Fineness Modulus Testing ..........................................................

Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate .............................................

Los Angeles Test .........................................................................

Density and Absorption of Fine Aggregtaes ...............................

Coarse Aggregates Gradation Test ..............................................

Material Composer of Specimen Needed ....................................

Tensile Strength of Wiremesh......................................................

Slump Test ...................................................................................

Density of Concrete Cylinder ......................................................

Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinder ...............................

Flexural Strength of Wall Panels Without Reinforcement ........

Flexural Strength of Wall Panels With Reinforcement ...............

Percentage Increase of Flexural Strength Wall Panels ................

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure II.1

Figure II.2

Figure II.3

Figure III.1

Figure III.2

Figure IV.1

Figure IV.2

Figure IV.3

Figure IV.4

Figure IV.5

Figure IV.6

Figure IV.7

Figure IV.8

Figure IV.9

Figure IV.10

Figure IV.11

Figure IV.12

Figure IV.13

Figure IV.14

Figure IV.15

Figure IV.16

Figure IV.17

Figure IV.18

.

The influence of the aggregate on the compressive

strength of concrete at various life of ...........................

Compressive strength of concrete for various types of

cement ............................................................................

The relationship between compressive strength of

concrete and fas .............................................................

Concrete cylinder compressive strength test..................

Flexural strength loading scheme...................................

Fine Aggregates .............................................................

Coarse Aggregate ..........................................................

Sieve Aggregate .............................................................

Sieve Vibrator Machine .................................................

Steel Rod .......................................................................

Concrete Mixer ..............................................................

Cup ................................................................................

Cylinder Mold ...............................................................

Wall Panels Formwork ..................................................

Compressive Strength Test Equipment..........................

Cylinder Specimen.........................................................

Wall Panel Specimen......................................................

Wall Panel Testing Scheme ...........................................

SSD of Fine Aggregate...................................................

Los Angeles Test ...........................................................

Density Test of Coarse Aggregates ...............................

Coarse aggregates gradation test ...................................

Concrete cylinder testing ..............................................

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GLOSSARY OF ABBREVITIONS AND NOTATIONS

A = The surface of specimen (mm2)

Aso = Cross sectionl area of specimen (mm2)

b = Width of specimen (mm)

f’c = Compressive stress (N/mm2)

fs = Maximum tensile stress (N/mm2)

h = High of specimen (mm)

L = Length of specimen (mm)

MOR = Modulus of rupture (MPa)

P = Maximum load (N)

V = Volume (cm3)

W = Berat beton (gr)

σ = Maximum compressive strength of concrete (kg/cm2)

xii

ABSTRACT

FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF WALL PANELS WITH WIREMESH

REINFORCEMENT

Wall is one of the important elements of the building and serves to separate and form

a space in residential buildings or storied. After brick and lighweight cooncrete walls

to the current development of construction projects have come the use of wall panels.

Wall panels are generally made using a concrete mixture like usual (water, fine

aggregates, coarse aggregates, cement) and given reinforcement inside.

Reinforcement used in this research is wiremesh. The aims of this research are to

analizing the value of compressive strength of concrete cylinder, analyzing value of

compressive strength of concrete cylinder, to analyzing flexural strength of wall

panels without wiremesh reinforcement, and to analyzing value flexural strength of

wallpanels with wiremesh reinforcement The specimen is made with dimension width

50 cm, length 100 cm, and a height of 7 cm for flexural strength testing. Life of

concrete that is planned is 28 days. The purpose of this research is to analyze the

flexural strength of wall panels with wiremesh reinforcement. In this research there

are several stages. The first step is preparation of equipment and materials. The

second stage includes the examination of materials, mix design and manufacture of

concrete mix. The third stage is the manufacture and maintenance of the test

specimen. The fourth stage is testing of compressive strength concrete and flexural

strength wall panels. The fifth stage is the data analysis, discussion, and conclusion.

Results of lightweight concrete compressive strength is 21, 18 MPa, flexural strength

panel walls without reinforcement wiremesh is 3.293 MPa, flexural strength while the

wall panels with wiremesh reinforcement is 5.694 MPa.

Keywords : wall panels, wiremesh, flexural strength

Dinding merupakan salah satu elemen penting dari bangunan dan berfungsi untuk

memisahkan dan membentuk ruang pada bangunan tempat tinggal atau bertingkat.

Setelah batu bata dan dinding beton ringan untuk perkembangan konstruksi telah

menggunakan panel dinding. Dinding panel umumnya dibuat menggunakan

campuran beton seperti biasa (air, agregat halus, agregat kasar, semen) dan ditambah

perkuatan. Perkuatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wiremesh. Tujuan

dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa nilai kuat tekan beton silinder, untuk

menganalisis kuat lentur dinding panel tanpa penguatan wiremesh, dan untuk

menganalisis nilai kuat lentur dari dinding panel dengan perkuatan wiremesh. Benda

uji dibuat dengan dimensi lebar 50 cm, panjang 100 cm, dan tinggi 7 cm untuk

pengujian kuat lentur. Umur beton yang direncanakan adalah 28 hari. Tujuan dari

penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kekuatan lentur panel dinding dengan

tulangan wiremesh. Dalam penelitian ini ada beberapa tahapan. Langkah pertama

adalah persiapan peralatan dan bahan. Tahap kedua meliputi pemeriksaan bahan,

perencanaan campuran beton. Tahap ketiga adalah pembuatan dan perawatan benda

uji. Tahap keempat adalah pengujian kuat tekan beton dan kuat lentur dinding panel.

Tahap kelima adalah analisis data, diskusi, dan kesimpulan. Hasil kuat tekan beton

ringan adalah 21, 18 MPa, dinding panel kekuatan lentur tanpa tulangan wiremesh

adalah 3,293 MPa, kekuatan lentur sedangkan panel dinding dengan tulangan

wiremesh adalah 5,694 MPa.

Kata kunci : dinding panel, wiremesh, kuat lentur