Basic ComputerBasic Computer

FLOW CHARTFLOW CHART

BACKGROUND

• Program : composed by 1 programmercomposed by 1 team of programmers

• Required planning & design using:

• FlowChart: “Symbols representing the flow of control steps of a program’s execution”

• Objective: to simplify program-code composition

“FLOW CHART”

SYMBOLS IN FLOW CHART

Symbol for presenting data/input or results/output

Process flow/direction

Symbol for result’s documentation(in hard copy)

Symbol for reading data/input using punched cards.

Symbol of a process or program statement

Start and End of a program indication

Connector

Symbol for conditional statement where decision is based of whether the condition is true or false

yn

TYPES OF INSTRUCTION

Process AProcess A

Process BProcess B

Process CProcess C

A. Unconditional Statements

TYPES OF INSTRUCTION

B. Conditional Statement

ConditionCondition

Process AProcess A Process BProcess B

False True

TYPES OF INSTRUCTION

C. Looping Statements

ConditionCondition

Process AProcess A Process BProcess B

False True

EXAMPLE:1. Flow chart for buying cakes using coupons:

Start

Prepare Money

Queue for buying coupon

Buy the Coupon

A

Choose Cake

Trade cake for coupon

Stop

A

EXAMPLE:2. Flow Chart for Study:

Start

Prepare Equipments

Read Notes

Understand Notes

A

Do the Questions

Match with Answers

Stop

A

Understand Contents

Fit?

Take a break

B

B

yes

no

EXAMPLE:3. Find the average of 3 input data numbers:

Start

X = A+B+C 3

Stop

Read: A,B,C

Write: X

Compiler C dapat di download di

• http://www.bloodshed.net/dev/devcpp.html

• http://www.bloodshed.net/dev/devcpp.html

PRACTICE QUESTIONS1. Given:

– A number of data– The amount of data depends on the number

of inputs that may varies. – Solve for :

The Average of all data

2. IF A is a negative number, add 3 to X IF Not, subtract 3 from X

(Do it in Classroom…)

Exercise

1. Print number 1 - 10

2. Determine whether the entered number is positive or negative

3. Determine whether the entered number is odd or even

Exercise

4. Print series of:

-11, -9, -7, -5, -3, -1, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10

5. Print series of:

-10, 8, -6, 4, -2, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25

6. Print series of:

0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55

Exercise

• Find the maximum and minimum number from practice question no. 1

Question Based Learning

1. Describe the difference between the term algorithm and program.

2. Describe three ways to write algorithm.

3. Describe three types of instruction and give examples.

4. Explain the advantages and drawbacks of flowchart vs pseudocode

5. Design an algorithm to calculate the roots of quadratic equations. The coefficients (a, b, c) are inserted through the keyboard.

6. Design an algorithm to calculate the sum, difference, product, quotient, remainder of two entered numbers.

7. Design an algorithm to convert temperature unit (C, K, R, F)

8. Design an algorithm to calculate volume of many structures.