Folktales as a traditional Folktales as a traditional narrative genrenarrative genre

S. KorolyovaS. Korolyova99-year student-year student

O. B. RazmakhninaO. B. Razmakhninaa teacher of Englisha teacher of English

school №2 school №2 MorshanskMorshansk

The aimThe aim::to compare Russian and English tales defining to compare Russian and English tales defining

their common and specific aspects. their common and specific aspects.

The hypothesis: The hypothesis: There are more similarities than differences in There are more similarities than differences in

Russian and English talesRussian and English tales

The subject:The subject:Russian and English fairy tales.Russian and English fairy tales.

The objectThe object::Russian folk-tales collected by Alexander Russian folk-tales collected by Alexander

AfanasyevAfanasyev,, English Fairy Tales collected by English Fairy Tales collected by Joseph Jacobs and folk-tales of the British Joseph Jacobs and folk-tales of the British

Isles collected by James Riordan.Isles collected by James Riordan.

FolktaleFolktale

FairytaleFairytale

The Aarne-Thompson The Aarne-Thompson classificationclassification

• Magic talesMagic tales• Animal talesAnimal tales• Tales about everyday lifeTales about everyday life

Magic talesMagic talesRussian talesRussian tales English talesEnglish tales

“The Crystal Mountain” “Jack and the Beanstalk”

"Sister Alenushka and Brother Ivanushka"

“Cherry of Zennor”

“The Apples of Youth and the Water of Life”

“The Well at the World’s End”

“The Wonder of Wonders” “The Black Bull of Norroway”

“Ivan the Bull’s Son” “Tom Tit Tot”

Animal talesAnimal talesRussian talesRussian tales English talesEnglish tales“Silly Old Grey Wolf” “The Cat and the Mouse”

“Mistress Fox the Confessor” “The Magpie's Nest”

“The Crane and the Heron” “Gingerbread man”

“The Goat with the Peeling Side” “ The Story of the Three Little Pigs”

“The Fox and the Wolf” “ Mouse and Mouser”

Tales about everyday lifeTales about everyday life

Russian talesRussian tales English talesEnglish tales“The Exchange” “Lazy Jack”

“The Wise Daughter” “The Clicking Toad”

“The Biter Bit” “The Wise Men of Hothem”

“Princess Never-a-Smile” “The Mare’s Egg”

Tales with similar plotTales with similar plotRussian talesRussian tales English talesEnglish tales

“Tiny” “The History of Tom Thumb”

“The Peasant and the Bear” “Tops or Butts?”

“The Three Bears” “The Three Bears and the Goldilocks”

“The Axe Soup” “The Stone Soup”

“Kolobok” “Johnny-Cake”

Vladimir Yakovlevich Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp (1895—1970)Propp (1895—1970),, a a Russian and Soviet Russian and Soviet formalist scholar who formalist scholar who analyzed the basic plot analyzed the basic plot components of Russian components of Russian folk tales to identify folk tales to identify their simplest their simplest irreducible narrative irreducible narrative elements.elements.

The Propp’s classificationThe Propp’s classification• ABSENTATIONABSENTATION• INTERDICTIONINTERDICTION• VIOLATION of INTERDICTIONVIOLATION of INTERDICTION• DELIVERYDELIVERY• TRICKERYTRICKERY• BEGINNING COUNTER-ACTIONBEGINNING COUNTER-ACTION• RECEIPT OF A MAGICAL AGENTRECEIPT OF A MAGICAL AGENT• GUIDANCEGUIDANCE• STRUGGLESTRUGGLE• VICTORYVICTORY

8 broad character types8 broad character types• The villain The villain • The donorThe donor• The (magical) helperThe (magical) helper• The princess or prizeThe princess or prize• The fatherThe father• The dispatcherThe dispatcher• The hero or victim-seeker heroThe hero or victim-seeker hero• False heroFalse hero

The villainThe villainKoschey BessmertnyKoschey BessmertnyZmey GorynychZmey GorynychBaba YagaBaba YagaLeshyLeshyKikimoraKikimoraVodyanoyVodyanoyDomovoyDomovoy

Tom Tit TotTom Tit TotDwarfsDwarfsGoblinsGoblins

DragonsDragonsRed CapsRed CapsBrowniesBrownies

Giants Giants ElvesElves

The donorThe donorThe PriestThe Priest

An Old ManAn Old ManFairiesFairies

Father FrostFather FrostAn Old ManAn Old ManBaba YagaBaba Yaga

The helperThe helperFairiesFairiesAnimalsAnimals

The princess or prizeThe princess or prizeVasilisaVasilisaHalf the kingdomHalf the kingdomThe apples of YouthThe apples of Youth

The princessThe princessThe KingdomThe KingdomThe treasureThe treasure

The fatherThe fatherThe TsarThe Tsar The KingThe King

The dispatcherThe dispatcherBaba YagaBaba Yaga FairiesFairies

The hero or victim-seeker heroThe hero or victim-seeker hero

IvanIvanThe youngest sonThe youngest son

Jack/JohnJack/JohnThe youngest sonThe youngest son

False heroFalse heroThe elder brother/sisterThe elder brother/sister The eldest daughterThe eldest daughter

Fairytale traditional clichésFairytale traditional clichés• Emotional epithetsEmotional epithets• Common folkloric epithetsCommon folkloric epithets• Rhymed nicknames Rhymed nicknames • Beginning and endingBeginning and ending

Common folkloric epithetsCommon folkloric epithets

• красна девицакрасна девица• добрый молодецдобрый молодец• ясно солнышко ясно солнышко

Emotional epithetsEmotional epithets• a poor little Red Hena poor little Red Hen• a good little Red Hena good little Red Hen• a lazy Cocka lazy Cock• a big bad Foxa big bad Fox• a lovely little housea lovely little house

Rhymed NicknamesRhymed Nicknames ““Teremok”Teremok” ““Henny-penny”Henny-penny”Мышка-норушка Henny-penny

Лягушка-квакушка Cocky-locky

Зайчик-побегайчик Ducky-daddles

Лисичка-сестричка Goosey-poosey

Волчок - серый бочок Turkey-lurkey

Медведь – Тяпыш-Ляпыш Foxy-woxy

Russian Fairytale BeginningRussian Fairytale Beginning An owl, free of care, flew hereAn owl, free of care, flew here andand flew flew tthere, and here, and

then happily it lit on a tree. It twirled its tail fast, then happily it lit on a tree. It twirled its tail fast, looked down at the ground and took to the air with looked down at the ground and took to the air with never a sound. never a sound.

Now, this is just the little tale before the big tale, and Now, this is just the little tale before the big tale, and the big tale is still to come. the big tale is still to come.

(“The Crane and The Heron”)(“The Crane and The Heron”)

English Fairytale BeginningEnglish Fairytale Beginning Once upon a time – and a very good time it was – when pigs Once upon a time – and a very good time it was – when pigs

were swine and dogs ate lime, and monkeys chewed were swine and dogs ate lime, and monkeys chewed tobacco, when houses were thatched with pancakes, streets tobacco, when houses were thatched with pancakes, streets paved with plum puddings, and roasted pigs ran up and paved with plum puddings, and roasted pigs ran up and down the streets with knives and forks on their backs, crying down the streets with knives and forks on their backs, crying ‘Come and eat me!’, that was a good time for travellers. ‘Come and eat me!’, that was a good time for travellers.

(“The Clicking Toad”)(“The Clicking Toad”)

Russian Fairytale EndingRussian Fairytale Ending I was at the feast too, I drank ale and I drank wine, but it all I was at the feast too, I drank ale and I drank wine, but it all

ran down this beard of mine and not a drop got into my ran down this beard of mine and not a drop got into my mouth. mouth.

(“The Crystal Mountain”)(“The Crystal Mountain”)

Believe me you, the story is true! Believe me you, the story is true! (“Princess Never-A-Smile”)(“Princess Never-A-Smile”)

English Fairytale EndingEnglish Fairytale EndingBe bow bend it,Be bow bend it,My tale’s ended.My tale’s ended.If you don’t like it,If you don’t like it,You may mend it. You may mend it. (“The Clicking Toad”)(“The Clicking Toad”)

I cannot tell how the truth may be.I cannot tell how the truth may be.I say the tale as ‘twas said to me. I say the tale as ‘twas said to me. (“The Tulip Pixies”)(“The Tulip Pixies”)

English Fairytale EndingEnglish Fairytale Ending I were along the road one night an’ I seed a feller coming I were along the road one night an’ I seed a feller coming

along towards me, and I thought it were ‘ee and ‘ee along towards me, and I thought it were ‘ee and ‘ee thought it were I. And we got a little closer, an’ I knowed it thought it were I. And we got a little closer, an’ I knowed it were ‘ee and ‘ee knowed it were ‘ee and ‘ee knowed it were ‘ee and ‘ee knowed it were ‘ee and ‘ee knowed it were I. An’ we got a little nearer, an’ I were sure it were were I. An’ we got a little nearer, an’ I were sure it were ’ee and ‘ee were sure it were I. An’ us got a little closer ’ee and ‘ee were sure it were I. An’ us got a little closer still, and I were darned positive it were ‘ee and ‘ee were still, and I were darned positive it were ‘ee and ‘ee were darned positive it were I. And we comed right up to each darned positive it were I. And we comed right up to each other, and it weren’t neither of us! other, and it weren’t neither of us!

(“The Three Sillies”)(“The Three Sillies”)

ConclusionConclusion

The hypothesis of the research has The hypothesis of the research has been provedbeen proved