Formation Damage and Stimulation

8/10/2019 Formation Damage and Stimulation

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FORMATION DAMAGE

AND STIMULATION


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LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this lecture, students should be ble to!

" Identif# sources, cuses nd $echnis$s in%ol%ed in

for$tion d$&e'

" Discuss the influence of s(in fctor on )roduction'


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INTRODUCTION

For$tion d$&e cn be defined s $esure of the reduction in the

)roduction c)cit# or in*ecti%it#of &i%en reser%oir for$tion'

This can be due to the combined effect of:

" Reduction in the for$tion bsolute )er$ebilit#

" Altertion in the relti%e )er$ebilit#of the for$tion to s)ecific

fluid

" Altertion in the %iscosit#of the $obile fluid


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SOURCES OF FORMATION DAMAGE

It is $inl# conse+uence of nu$ber of o)ertions conducted in ell

fro$ the initil drillin&, throu&h the )roductionnd or(o%er )hses to

finl bndon$ent'

Fi&ure -! Sources of for$tion d$&e


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CAUSES OF FORMATION DAMAGE

For$tion d$&e cn be considered to be cused b# )h#sicl or

che$icl interction beteen the folloin&!

" In%din& fluid li+uid )hse nd the reser%oir fluids

" In%din& li+uid )hse nd the reser%oir roc( constituents

" The solid constituents of the in%din& fluid . the reser%oir roc(


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FORMATION DAMAGE MEC/ANISMS

The d$&e $echnis$s do %r# but these cn be listed s!

-' For$tion d$&e resultin& in reduction of bsolute )er$ebilit#

due to!

" 0rticle )lu&&in& due to solids in drillin& nd co$)letion fluids

in%din& the reser%oir roc( )ore s)ces1

" Cl# )roble$s! In2situ cl#s re found in $*orit# of reser%oir

roc(s es)ecill# sndstone' M*orit# re %er# sensiti%e to fluids

in%sion nd $# sell thus bloc(in& the )ores1


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" Fines $i&rtion!A t#)icl snd stone reser%oir roc( consists of in2

situ +urt3itic or siliceous fines &enerll# held ithin the in2situ

connte fil$ surroundin& the sndstone &rins' These fines cn

beco$e $obilised either due to hi&h )roduction rte or due to

increse in ettin& )hse sturtion' Once $obilised, fines re

trns)orted nd cn result in )rticle )lu&&in&'


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4' Inor&nic scle de)osit resultin& fro$ rection of inco$)tible

in%din& nd reser%oir fluids' Chn&es in )ressure nd

te$)erture lso contribute to the )reci)ittion of solids for$in&

scles1

5' 0lu&&in& b# or&nic de)osits such s 6 nd s)hltenes1


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7' D$&e resultin& fro$ reduction in relti%e )er$ebilit#

" In%sion b# ellbore fluids cuse h#drocrbon sturtion to

decrese round the ellbore' This loers the relti%e

)er$ebilit# to oil nd, es)ecill# durin& erl# st&es of

)roduction, si&nificnt )ressure dro) is creted round the

ellbore1

8' D$&e due to e$ulsion bloc(in& 2 Result of for$tion of

e$ulsion

beteen oil nd ter1


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9' Stress2induced )er$ebilit# chn&e

" Chn&es in stress distribution ill result in chn&es in co$)ction

sttus nd thus )ore )ressure chn&e' This ill ffect the net

)er$ebilit# of the reser%oir1

:' Snd )roduction fro$ unconsolidted reser%oir roc(s' These re

(non to be )roduction rte sensiti%e' Thus hi&h )roduction rte

nd ter encroch$ent $on& other fctors cn led to the

$i&rtion of in2situ snd &rins nd $ssi%e snd intrusion'


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Fi&ure 4! For$tion d$&e $echnis$s


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Fi&ure 5! E6$)les of for$tion d$&e nd )ore bloc(in& $echnis$s


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DARC;


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EFFECT OF S>IN ON T/E I0R

Fi&ure 7 ! Effect of s(in on the I0R nd 0I


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IM0ACT OF S>IN ON 0RODUCTION

Fi&ure 8 ! I$)ct of s(in on )roduction


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?UESTION @@

THANK YOU

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Formation Damage and Stimulation