Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT)

Design of High Efficiency Broadband

Fresnel Zone lens antenna at K Band By

Yujie Liu, Yuehe Ge and Wei Tang

College of Information Science and Engineering

Huaqiao University, China

Email: yuehe@ieee.org

Abstract: In this paper, a novel 24 GHz flat Fresnel zone plate lens antenna has been

presented. It consists of three dielectric layers separated by the air gaps and six identical

metallic patterns printed on the top and bottom surfaces of each layer. According to the

design principle of the quarter-wave Fresnel zone lens, three required phase correction

schemes are chosen, -270 degree, -180 degree, and -90 degree, which are realized by

tuning the width of the conducting shapes. Simulations show that the presented lens

antenna has an aperture efficiency of more than 44.5% in the band of 21.7GHz~24

GHz, a directivity of 27.7 dBi, and a 1 dB bandwidth of about 10.18%.

Keywords: broadband; high aperture efficiency; lens antenna; fresnel zone;K band.

References:

1. J. M. Rodriguez, H. D.Hristov, and W. Grote, “Fresnel Zone Plate and Ordinary

Lens Antennas: Comparative Study at Microwave and Terahertz Frequencies ”,

Proceedings of the 41st European Microwave Conference, pp.10-13, October 2011,

Manchester,UK

2. N. Gagnon, A. Petosa, and D. A. McNamara, “Thin microwave quasi-transparent

phase-shifting surface (PSS),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 4, pp.

1193–1201, Apr. 2010.

3. N. Gagnon, A. Petosa, and D. A. McNamara, “Thin microwave phase-shifting

surface (PSS) lens antenna made of square elements,” IET Electron. Lett., vol. 46,

no. 5, pp. 327–329, Mar. 2010.

4. L. P. Kamburov, J. M. Rodriguez, J. R. Urumov, and H. D. hristov, “ Millimeter-

Wave Conical Fresnel Zone Lens of flat Dielectric Rings,” IEEE Transactions on

Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, No.4, April 2014.

*This use of this work is restricted solely for academic purposes. The author of this work owns the

copyright and no reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission by the author.*

mailto:yuehe@ieee.org

Yuehe Ge (S’99-M’03) received the Ph.D. degree in electronic

engineering from Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia, 2003.

Currently he is a Professor of the College of Information Science and

Engineering, Huaqiao University, China. Previously, he was a

Research Fellow in the Department of Electronic Engineering,

Macquarie University, Australia. Before joining to Macquarie

University, he was an Antenna Engineer at Nanjing Marine Radar Institute, China. His

research interests are in the areas of antenna theory and designs for radar and

communication applications, computational electromagnetics and optimization

methods, metamaterials and their applications. He has authored and co-authored over

120 journal and conference publications and 2 book chapters.

Dr. Ge received several prestigious prizes from China State Shipbuilding Corporation

and China Ship Research & Development Academy, due to his contributions to China

State research projects. He received 2000 IEEE MTT-S Graduate Fellowship Awards

and 2002 Max Symons Memorial Prize of IEEE NSW Section, Australia, for the best

student paper. He is the co-winner of 2004 Macquarie University Innovation Awards-

Invention Disclosure Award. He has served as a technical reviewer for over 10

international journals and conferences.

Yujie Liu received the B.S. degree in electronic science and

technology from Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China

and M.S degree in electromagnetic field and electromagnetic wave

from Huaqiao University, China, in 2012 and 2015, respectively. Now,

he is an engineer in Kuang-Chi advanced institute of science and

technology. His research interests in metamaterials, millimeter flat

lens antennas and satellite communication antennas.

College of Information Science & Engineering

Design of High Efficiency Broadband

Fresnel Zone Lens Antenna at K band

Yujie Liu, Yuehe Ge and Wei Tang

College of Information Science and Engineering

Huaqiao University, China

Email: yuehe@ieee.org

mailto:yuehe@ieee.org

College of Information Science & Engineering

Motivation

Investigating low-profile low-cost broadband high-gain

planar lens antennas

The principle of the quarter-wave Fresnel zones is applied

to design planar lens antenna. This work aims to obtain

thin or low-profile plate lens with relatively high

efficiency.

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Characteristics of Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP) Lens Antennas

The FZP lenses/lens antennas are narrowband

compared to the ordinary ones. All parameter

similarities hold in a relatively smaller bandwidth

The FZP lenses are very much smaller in thickness,

volume and weight than the ordinary lenses and this

leads to a creation of lighter lens antennas.

Besides, the diffractive plane-step FZP lenses are

easy to product and have better fabrication-error

tolerance

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Examples of Dielectric Lenses

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Shaya Karimkashi and Ahmed A.Kishk, Focusing Properties of

Fresnel Zone Plate Lens Antennas in the Near-Field Region,

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND

PROPAGATION, VOL.59,NO.5, May 2011

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FZP antenna construction is much lighter and has

significant structural and technological advantages.

Realizing beam scanning.

Achieving high Gain and high efficiency.

Summary

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Design Principle of Fresnel zone lens antennas

2( ) , 1,2...,2 4

i

Fi iR i N

In principle, the Fresnel zone plate lens is a

stepwise phase transformation. In the case of the

quarter wave Fresnel zone lens the maximum

phase deviation in the antenna aperture equals to

900 . The region transitions of the presented lens

antenna are determined using the traditional

Fresnel zoning rule for flat surfaces that is based

on a geometrical optics approximation.

Specifically,

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The unit cell of Fresnel Zone lens antennas

The unit cell consists of six identical rectangular metallic layers etching on the surfaces of three identical dielectric layers, with suitable air spacers sandwiched.

Each metallic layer is a conducting strip that has a size of da. The size of the unit cell is dd(3*Ht+2*H1).

by varying the width of the conducting strip ‘a’ from 0.2 mm to 3.3 mm, the transmission phase shifting decreases monotonically and spans a range of 400 degree, while the transmission magnitude is within -2 dB over the phase shifting range.

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Simulated Results

As the primary source of the Fresnel zone lens antenna, the standard horn antenna (LB-34-10) has a gain of 12.5 dBi at 24 GHz.

The gain of the lens antenna at the frequency range of 21.7 GHz - 24.2 GHz is around 27 dBi, indicating an 1-dB bandwidth of almost 10.18%.

The system of the proposed Fresnel zone lens

antenna

Design values for the proposed Fresnel zone lens

antenna at 24 GHz

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Measured Results

1dB bandwidth is 3.92%, 3dB bandwidth is 17.357%

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Radiation Patterns

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Conclusions

Only three correcting phases are applied to the

successful design of the quarter wave Fresnel zone

lens antenna.

The designed antenna has a compact size of

11λ11λ0.28λ, a peak gain of 25 dBi, and a 3-dB

gain bandwidth of about 17.57%.

In addition, the antenna provides an attractive

compromise between performance, fabrication,

complexity and cost.

abstract_GEAPCAP2015_GE